CN113789687B - Pile plate structure - Google Patents
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- CN113789687B CN113789687B CN202110969260.XA CN202110969260A CN113789687B CN 113789687 B CN113789687 B CN 113789687B CN 202110969260 A CN202110969260 A CN 202110969260A CN 113789687 B CN113789687 B CN 113789687B
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
- E01B2/006—Deep foundation of tracks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/008—Drainage of track
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/10—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/223—Details of top sections of foundation piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/07—Drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/08—Deep or vertical foundation
Abstract
The application provides a pile plate structure, which comprises a plurality of pile bodies, wherein a bearing plate is arranged above each pile body, a middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the bearing plate and between adjacent pile bodies, and the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched; the bottom surface of the bearing plate is provided with a groove for accommodating the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer, and the groove wall of the groove is attached to the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer. By utilizing the pile plate structure, the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched, compared with the platy buffer layer, the volume of the buffer layer is greatly increased, deformation energy is absorbed, and therefore deformation of the bearing plate is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of construction of railway roadbed, in particular to a pile plate structure.
Background
The development of the railway foundation treatment technology is gradually improved through a large number of engineering practices along with the development of various foundation reinforcement treatment methods and construction mechanical equipment at home and abroad. The railway foundation treatment technology comprises foundation treatment of various bad foundation conditions encountered by newly constructed roadbed engineering and existing roadbed disease treatment technology.
Foundation treatment is an important component in railway engineering. The Chinese operators are wide, the terrains and geology are complex, and the regions where the railways pass inevitably encounter various complex foundation treatment problems. The method for treating the railway subgrade is closely related to various factors such as railway grade, track type, sedimentation control standard, engineering geology, hydrogeology condition and the like.
The design of the high-speed railway needs to consider the high running speed of the high-speed railway and also needs to ensure that the post-construction sedimentation control reaches the millimeter-level requirement. In order to meet the requirements of railway subgrade stability, bearing capacity and post-construction settlement, proper foundation treatment measures are adopted according to field requirements if necessary. According to the foundation treatment and reinforcement principle, the railway subgrade foundation treatment method mainly comprises six major categories of shallow treatment, drainage consolidation, compaction, replacement, grouting, reinforced concrete pile net, pile plate structure and the like.
The pile plate structure is widely applied to various foundation treatment projects, and is adopted in construction of foreign high-speed railways, domestic tunnel lines, zheng Xike special, wu Anke special, jinjin intercity and Jinghu high-speed railways. The structure mainly comprises a reinforced concrete pile foundation, surrounding soil of the pile and a reinforced concrete bearing plate.
The main working mechanism of the pile plate structure is that the upper load is transmitted to the pile body through the bearing plate, and the pile body diffuses the load to soil among piles, a lower lying layer or a pile bottom rock layer, so that the aims of stabilizing and controlling the settlement deformation of the roadbed are fulfilled. The pile plate structure is suitable for the excavation and low fill road sections of deep soft foundations and collapsible loess foundations with difficult settlement control, and is also suitable for the rapid reinforcement treatment of the existing soft foundations.
The roadbeds in the short roadbed and the turnout area between bridge tunnels are difficult to control uneven settlement due to large rigidity difference of different structures; karst and goaf roadbed are easy to deform or even collapse, and can also pass through in the form of pile plate structures. Because the surrounding soil of the pile produces lateral resistance to the pile body, the longitudinal and transverse rigidity of the pile plate structure is high. Because pile foundation vertically penetrates through soft soil layer, pile plate structure can strictly control settlement after the high-speed railway roadbed is constructed. The pile plate structure can be well matched and reasonably connected with the upper ballastless track structure, and the safe driving requirement of the high-speed railway is met. The roadbed soil body can provide vertical support for the bearing plate so as to enhance the bearing capacity of the pile plate structure.
In addition, the pile plate structure construction machine tool is universal, the construction method is simple, and the pile plate structure construction machine tool has certain technical and economic advantages compared with treatment measures such as bridges and pile net structures.
Due to the characteristics of the pile plate structure, the pile plate structure can be used for deep soft foundations, collapsible loess foundations, expanded rock-soil foundations, short-circuit foundation transition sections between bridge tunnels, branch area foundations, foundation deformation control strict sections such as existing roadbed reinforcement, karst and goaf foundation treatment and the like.
The pile plate structure is composed of reinforced concrete piles, joists and bearing plates, or the reinforced concrete piles and the bearing plates, wherein the reinforced concrete piles are usually mechanical hole-forming cast-in-place piles, and precast driven piles or pressed piles can be adopted. The durability design of each component of the pile plate structure meets the regulations of the durability design specification of the railway concrete structure.
The pile plate structure of the high-speed railway roadbed is divided into a non-buried type, a shallow buried type and a deep buried type according to different connection modes, combination modes and setting positions.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the non-buried pile plate structure is preferably a three-span or multi-span one-joint structure, the bearing plates are divided into left and right frames, the pile body 1 and the bearing plates 3 are connected through joists 2, the middle-span bearing plates 3 are rigidly connected or semi-rigidly connected with the joists 2, the side-span bearing plates 3 are lapped with the joists 2, expansion joints are arranged between the adjacent bearing plates 3, and the bearing plates 3 are directly connected with the upper track structure 4. The number of spans of the non-buried pile plate structure is not more than five, and the joist 2 is rigidly connected with the pile body 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the pile body 1 of the shallow pile plate structure is directly and rigidly connected with the bearing plate 3, the upper part of the bearing plate 3 is connected with the track structure 4 through the foundation bed surface layer 6, and the track structure 4 comprises steel rails 5. The pile body 1 of the shallow pile plate structure can also be connected with the bearing plate 3 through the joist 2. The upper part of the carrier plate 3 may also be a foundation bed 13.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the deep buried pile plate structure is arranged on a embankment substrate, the pile body 1 is directly and rigidly connected with the bearing plate 3, the upper portion of the bearing plate 3 is sequentially provided with a roadbed body 7 and a roadbed foundation bed 8, the upper portion of the roadbed foundation bed 8 is provided with a track structure 4, and the track structure 4 comprises steel rails 5.
In order to further reduce the construction cost and improve the long-term service performance, the research also provides a framing beam-supporting pile plate structure. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the framing beam type pile plate structure simplifies the stress of the bearing plate 3, and the pile plate structure has enhanced capability of resisting uneven sinking due to the transverse connection effect of the joist 2, and the transverse rigidity is improved, thereby being beneficial to high-speed driving. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem that the bearing plate 3 in the pile plate structure is likely to generate complex stress phenomena such as warping and torsion under the action of dynamic load of the double-line railway train, the influence of single-line passing on the overall performance of the pile plate structure is reduced, and the double-line left and right bearing plates are arranged in a framing mode. And the influence of factors such as temperature stress, concrete shrinkage creep and the like is considered, the pile plate structure adopts three spans to form one joint, and the joists and the pile foundations are shared at adjacent joints, so that the adverse influence that the overhanging section is easily damaged by train load impact is avoided.
Pile plate structure among the prior art can solve the pile foundation that current high-speed railway expansive soil cutting reinforced structure exists and sink darker or more problem of quantity, relates to expansive geotechnical engineering technical field. The pile plate structure comprises a pile foundation, a joist, a bearing plate and a track structure, and further comprises a sliding layer matched with the outer diameter of the pile foundation, wherein the sliding layer is sleeved at the upper end of the pile foundation and stretches into an expansive soil foundation to a certain depth, and a space is reserved between the expansive soil foundation and the bearing plate to form a void layer.
However, the pile plate structure has limited adjustment capability for expansion deformation, and the bearing plate can still continuously arch deformation after the expansion value exceeds the adjustment range of the void layer. Secondly, the buffer layer is planar and has a relatively thin geometry, which is disadvantageous for absorbing expansion energy and arching forces. In addition, when the pile cap is matched with the pile head, the pile head needs to be cut, which is not beneficial to improving the construction efficiency and reducing the occurrence of pile head diseases.
For red layer soft rock special for the mature region, the traditional pile plate structure can not effectively resist the upward arch deformation of the roadbed structure caused by foundation expansion. Therefore, the application provides a pile plate structure aiming at the problem of continuous arching deformation of deep cut of red layer soft rock in the middle line of the adult Yu and combining the special mechanical properties of the red layer soft rock.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application provides a pile plate structure, which adopts a middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer with an arched cross section, and compared with a plate-shaped buffer layer, the pile plate structure greatly improves the volume of the buffer layer, is beneficial to absorbing deformation energy and is beneficial to avoiding deformation of a bearing plate.
The application provides a pile plate structure, which comprises a plurality of pile bodies, wherein a bearing plate is arranged above each pile body, a middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the bearing plate and between adjacent pile bodies, and the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched; the bottom surface of the bearing plate is provided with a groove for accommodating the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer, and the groove wall of the groove is attached to the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer. By utilizing the pile plate structure of the embodiment, the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched, compared with the platy buffer layer, the volume of the buffer layer is greatly increased, deformation energy is absorbed, and the deformation of the bearing plate is avoided.
In one embodiment, two sides of the bottom surface of the bearing plate are provided with side elastic energy absorption buffer layers, the cross section of each side elastic energy absorption buffer layer is formed by encircling two strings which are parallel to each other and a circle where the two strings are located, the length of the string which is close to the bearing plate in the two strings is smaller than the length of the string which is far away from the bearing plate in the two strings, and the contact surface between the bottom of the bearing plate and the top of each side elastic energy absorption buffer layer is a plane. By the implementation mode, grooves are prevented from being formed in two ends of the bottom surface of the bearing plate, and the bearing capacity of the bearing plate is prevented from being reduced.
In one embodiment, the pile top of the pile body is provided with a step surface, and the bottom surface of the pile cap is attached to the top surface of the step surface, so that a gap can exist between the pile cap and the pile top. According to the embodiment, the heights of the pile caps are arranged on the same horizontal line by unifying the heights of the step surfaces, so that the stability of the pile plate structure is facilitated; meanwhile, as a gap can exist between the pile cap and the pile top, the pile top does not need to be attached to the pile cap, so that the situation that the pile top is cut on site to enable the top to be in a plane so as to be attached to the pile cap is avoided. The field cutting of the pile top has high technological requirements, generally causes the pile top to be broken, is unfavorable for maintaining high bearing capacity and bearing long-term dynamic load, and can cause the generation and development of diseases of the pile top.
In one embodiment, the pile cap is located between two adjacent middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers or between the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers and the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers, and the side wall of the pile cap is attached to the side wall of the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer or the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers. By the embodiment, the pile plate structure can be more compact, and the bearing capacity of the pile plate structure is improved. Meanwhile, the buffer layer can better protect the pile cap from deformation.
In one embodiment, the pile plate structure further comprises a screw, two ends of the screw are arranged inside the pile cap and at the top of the track structure, and the pile cap fixedly connected with the nut can be driven to vertically move by rotating the screw so as to adjust the distance between the pile cap and the top of the track structure. With this embodiment, the threaded spindle can lift or settle the carrier plate to cope with continuous arching and settling deformations.
In one embodiment, the top of the pile cap is rigidly connected with the bottom of the bearing plate, and a reinforcing mesh, shearing bending ribs and encryption stirrups are arranged at the joint of the pile cap and the bearing plate. By the embodiment, the connection strength of the rigid connection between the top of the pile cap and the bottom of the bearing plate can be improved.
In one embodiment, the middle and side elastic cushioning layers are comprised of a geotextile foam. By this embodiment, the deformability and load carrying capacity of the buffer layer are advantageously improved.
In one embodiment, the span of the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer is between 3.5 and 8.0 meters and the distance between the apex and the bottom surface of the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer is between 0.3 and 2.0 meters. By the embodiment, the maximum deformation amount of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is improved, and deformation energy is absorbed by the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer to better protect the bearing plate.
In one embodiment, the pile plate structure comprises a track structure, a foundation bed surface layer, a foundation bed bottom layer and a embankment below the foundation bed which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, graded broken stone is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the embankment below the foundation bed, and the foundation bed surface layer is also composed of graded broken stone and used for drainage and bearing. Through this embodiment, be favorable to avoiding ponding in the stake plate structure.
In one embodiment, the pile plate structure is a shallow pile plate structure, the bearing plate is arranged in the surface layer of the foundation bed, and the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arranged at the top of the bottom layer of the foundation bed. With this embodiment, the above-described pile structure can be applied to a shallow pile structure.
In one embodiment, the pile plate structure is a deep pile plate structure, the bearing plate is arranged at the top of the embankment below the foundation bed, and the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is positioned inside the embankment below the foundation bed. With this embodiment, the above-described pile structure can be applied to a deep buried pile structure.
In one embodiment, the pile foundation of the pile body is in a shape of a circular truncated cone; and the pile body is a pulling-resistant bearing pile. Through this embodiment, increased the bottom surface area of pile foundation, improved the stability of pile body.
Compared with the prior art, the pile plate structure provided by the application has the following beneficial effects.
1. By utilizing the pile plate structure, the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched, compared with a platy buffer layer, the volume of the buffer layer is greatly increased, deformation energy is absorbed, and deformation of the bearing plate is avoided.
2. The pile top is provided with a step surface, and the bottom surface of the pile cap is attached to the top surface of the step surface, so that a gap can exist between the pile cap and the pile top. By unifying the heights of the step surfaces, the heights of the pile caps are favorably arranged on the same horizontal line, so that the stability of the pile plate structure is facilitated; meanwhile, as a gap can exist between the pile cap and the pile top, the pile top does not need to be attached to the pile cap, so that the situation that the pile top is cut on site to enable the top to be in a plane so as to be attached to the pile cap is avoided. The field cutting of the pile top has high technological requirements, generally causes the pile top to be broken, is unfavorable for maintaining high bearing capacity and bearing long-term dynamic load, and can cause the generation and development of diseases of the pile top.
3. The pile plate structure further comprises a screw rod, two ends of the screw rod are arranged at the tops of the pile caps and the track structure, and the pile caps fixedly connected with the nuts can be driven to vertically move through rotating the screw rod so as to adjust the distance between the pile caps and the tops of the track structure. The lead screw can lift or subside the load-bearing plate to cope with the continuous arching deformation and subsidence deformation.
The above-described features may be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the present application can be achieved.
Drawings
The application will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a prior art non-buried pile plate structure;
FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a prior art non-buried pile plate structure;
FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a prior art shallow pile plate structure;
FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a prior art shallow pile plate structure;
FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a prior art deep buried pile plate structure;
FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section of a prior art deep buried pile plate structure;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic bottom view of a prior art framing joist type pile structure;
FIG. 8 shows a vertical section of a prior art framing joist type pile structure;
FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a shallow pile plate structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a cross section of a deep buried pile plate structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
List of reference numerals:
1-pile body; 2-joists; 3-a carrier plate; 4-track structure; 5-rail; 6-a bed surface layer; 7-roadbed body; 8-roadbed bed; 9-pile foundation; 10-pile caps; 11-screw rod; 12-embankment below foundation bed; 13-a base bed layer; 14-a middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer; 15-side elastic energy absorbing cushioning; 16-graded crushed stone.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals. The figures are not to scale.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the present embodiment provides a pile structure, which includes a plurality of pile bodies 1, a bearing plate 3 is disposed above the pile bodies 1, a middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer 14 is disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the bearing plate 3 and between adjacent pile bodies 1, and the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer 14 is arcuate; the bottom surface of the bearing plate 3 is provided with a groove for accommodating the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer 14, and the groove wall of the groove is attached to the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer 14.
The buffer layer of the existing pile plate structure is of a plate-shaped structure, the thickness of the buffer layer is small, and the buffer layer is limited in volume and the capacity of absorbing deformation energy in the continuous process of arch deformation and settlement deformation, so that the bearing plate 3 cannot be well protected.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the middle elastic energy-absorbing buffer layer 14 is arcuate, which greatly increases the volume of the buffer layer compared to a plate-shaped buffer layer, and is beneficial to absorbing deformation energy and avoiding deformation of the carrier plate 3.
When the middle elastic energy-absorbing buffer layer 14 receives an upward arch force and a sinking force, the middle elastic energy-absorbing buffer layer 14 deforms to absorb energy, and the larger the volume of the middle elastic energy-absorbing buffer layer 14 is, the larger the deformation amount of the middle elastic energy-absorbing buffer layer 14 can be, so that more energy can be absorbed.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the carrier plate 3 is between 0.5 and 1.8 meters. The pile diameter of the pile body 1 is between 0.5 and 1.5 meters. The spacing between the piles 1 is between 4.0 and 9.5 meters.
Preferably, the thickness of the bearing plate 3 is 1.2 m, the pile diameter of the pile body 1 is 1.2 m, and the distance between the pile bodies 1 is 5.8 m.
The method is particularly suitable for solving the problem of continuous upward arch deformation of the transition section and the forward road bed in mountainous regions with heavy rain and expanded mudstone.
By utilizing the pile plate structure of the embodiment, the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer 14 is arched, compared with a platy buffer layer, the volume of the buffer layer is greatly increased, deformation energy is absorbed, and the deformation of the bearing plate 3 is avoided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, two sides of the bottom surface of the carrier plate 3 are provided with side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers 15, the cross section of each side elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 15 is formed by encircling two strings parallel to each other and a circle where the two strings are located, the length of the string, close to the carrier plate, of the two strings is smaller than the length of the string, far away from the carrier plate, of the two strings, and the contact surface between the bottom of the carrier plate 3 and the top of the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 15 is a plane.
The two ends of the bottom surface of the bearing plate 3 are not suitable to be provided with groove structures, so that the bearing capacity of the bearing plate 3 is prevented from being reduced. Therefore, the two sides of the bottom surface of the bearing plate 3 are provided with the lateral elastic energy absorption buffer layers 15, the cross section of the lateral elastic energy absorption buffer layer 15 is formed by two strings parallel to each other and the circle where the two strings are located, and the contact surface between the bottom of the bearing plate 3 and the top of the lateral elastic energy absorption buffer layer 15 is a plane.
By this embodiment, it is advantageous to avoid providing grooves at both ends of the bottom surface of the carrier plate 3, and to avoid reducing the carrying capacity of the carrier plate 3.
In one embodiment, the pile top of the pile body 1 is provided with a step surface, and the bottom surface of the pile cap 10 is attached to the top surface of the step surface, so that a gap can exist between the pile cap 10 and the pile top.
The pile bolck is provided with the step face, and the bottom surface of pile cap 10 is laminated mutually with the top surface of step face, through unifying the height of step face, is favorable to setting up the height of each pile cap 10 on same horizontal line to be favorable to the stability of pile plate structure.
More importantly, the bottom surface of the pile cap 10 is attached to the top surface of the step surface, so that a gap can exist between the pile cap 10 and the pile top. That is, the pile top does not need to be in engagement with the pile cap 10, thereby avoiding cutting the pile top in the field to make the top flat for engagement with the pile cap 10. Pile top field cutting pile tops have high technological requirements, and generally cause pile tops to be broken, so that the pile tops are unfavorable for maintaining high bearing capacity and bearing long-term dynamic loads, and diseases of the pile tops are generated and developed.
Preferably, the height of the pile top extending into the pile cap 10 is not preferably less than 100 mm.
By means of the method, the heights of the pile caps 10 are arranged on the same horizontal line by unifying the heights of the step surfaces, so that stability of the pile plate structure is facilitated; meanwhile, as a gap can exist between the pile cap 10 and the pile top, the pile top does not need to be attached to the pile cap 10, so that the pile top is prevented from being cut on site to enable the top to be planar so as to be attached to the pile cap 10. The field cutting of the pile top has high technological requirements, generally causes the pile top to be broken, is unfavorable for maintaining high bearing capacity and bearing long-term dynamic load, and can cause the generation and development of diseases of the pile top.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pile cap 10 is located between two adjacent middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers 14 or between the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 and the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers 15, and the side wall of the pile cap 10 is attached to the side wall of the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 or the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 15.
By the embodiment, the pile plate structure can be more compact, and the bearing capacity of the pile plate structure is improved. Meanwhile, the buffer layer can better protect the pile cap 10 from deformation of the pile cap 10.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pile plate structure further comprises a screw rod 11, two ends of the screw rod 11 are arranged inside the pile cap 10 and at the top of the track structure 4, and the pile cap 10 fixedly connected with the nut can be driven to vertically move by rotating the screw rod so as to adjust the distance between the pile cap 10 and the top of the track structure 4.
When the deformation amount of the buffer layer reaches an extreme value, the buffer layer cannot absorb the arch force and the sinking force through continuous deformation, and in order to avoid deformation of the bearing plate 3, the lead screw 11 is arranged to cope with continuous arch deformation and settlement deformation, so that later-stage repair with high construction difficulty, such as manual excavation, is avoided, repair cost is saved, and long-term service performance is improved.
The screw 11 is able to lift or sink the carrier plate 3 to cope with the continuous arching and settling deformations.
With this embodiment, the threaded spindle 11 can lift or sink the carrier plate 3 to cope with continuous arching and sinking deformations.
In one embodiment, the top of the pile cap 10 is rigidly connected with the bottom of the bearing plate 3, and the joint of the pile cap 10 and the bearing plate 3 is provided with a reinforcing mesh, shearing bending ribs and encryption stirrups.
With this embodiment, the connection strength of the top of the pile cap 10 and the bottom of the carrier plate 3 can be improved.
In one embodiment, the middle and side elastic cushioning layers are comprised of a geotextile foam.
By this embodiment, the deformability and load carrying capacity of the buffer layer are advantageously improved.
In one embodiment, the span of the central elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 is between 3.5 and 8.0 meters and the distance between the apex and the bottom surface of the central elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 is between 0.3 and 2.0 meters.
By this embodiment, it is advantageous to increase the maximum deformation of the middle elastic energy absorbing and buffering layer 14, and to absorb deformation energy to better protect the carrier plate 3.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pile plate structure comprises a track structure 4, a foundation surface layer 6, a foundation bottom layer 13 and a sub-foundation embankment 12 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein graded broken stone 16 is arranged outside the bottom of the sub-foundation embankment 12, and the foundation surface layer 6 is also composed of graded broken stone 16 for drainage and bearing.
Through this embodiment, be favorable to avoiding ponding in the stake plate structure.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the pile structure is a shallow pile structure, the carrier plate 3 is disposed in the foundation bed surface layer 6, and the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 is located on top of the foundation bed bottom layer 13.
With this embodiment, the above-described pile structure can be applied to a shallow pile structure.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the pile structure is a deep pile structure, the carrier plate 3 is disposed on top of the embankment 12 below the foundation bed, and the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer 14 is located inside the embankment 12 below the foundation bed.
With this embodiment, the above-described pile structure can be applied to a deep buried pile structure.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, pile foundation 9 of pile body 1 has a truncated cone shape; and the pile body 1 is a pulling-resistant bearing pile. .
By this embodiment, the bottom surface area of the pile foundation 9 is increased, and the stability of the pile body 1 is improved.
Preferably, the pile body 1 of the present embodiment is a high-strength anti-pulling load bearing pile.
Preferably, the bearing plate 3 is a high-strength concrete slab, and the concrete strength grade of the bearing plate is not lower than C35; the pile body 1 is of a concrete structure, and the strength grade of the concrete is not lower than C30.
Preferably, the main reinforcement of the loading plate 3 is preferably HRB400 or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "bottom," "top," "front," "rear," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Although the application herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present application. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (11)
1. The pile plate structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of pile bodies, wherein a bearing plate is arranged above each pile body, a middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the bearing plate and between adjacent pile bodies, and the cross section of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer is arched; the bottom surface of the bearing plate is provided with a groove for accommodating the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer, and the groove wall of the groove is attached to the top of the middle elastic energy absorption buffer layer;
the two sides of the bottom surface of the bearing plate are provided with side elastic energy absorption buffer layers, the cross section of each side elastic energy absorption buffer layer is formed by encircling two strings which are parallel to each other and circles where the two strings are located, the length of the string which is close to the bearing plate in the two strings is smaller than the length of the string which is far away from the bearing plate in the two strings, and the contact surface between the bottom of the bearing plate and the top of each side elastic energy absorption buffer layer is a plane.
2. The pile plate structure according to claim 1, wherein the pile top of the pile body is provided with a step surface, and the bottom surface of the pile cap is attached to the top surface of the step surface, so that a gap can exist between the pile cap and the pile top.
3. A pile plate structure according to claim 2, characterised in that the pile cap is located between two adjacent said middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers or between said middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers and said side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers, the side walls of the pile cap being in abutment with the side walls of the middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layers or the side elastic energy absorbing buffer layers.
4. The pile plate structure according to claim 2, further comprising a screw, wherein two ends of the screw are arranged inside the pile cap and at the top of the track structure, and the pile cap fixedly connected with the nut can be driven to vertically move by rotating the screw so as to adjust the distance between the pile cap and the top of the track structure.
5. A pile plate structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the top of the pile cap is rigidly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate, the connection of the pile cap to the carrier plate being provided with a mesh reinforcement, shear bending bars and encryption stirrups.
6. A pile plate structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the middle and side resilient cushioning layers are formed from a geotechnical foam.
7. A pile plate structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the span of the central resilient energy absorbing buffer layer is between 3.5 and 8.0 metres and the distance between the apex and the base of the central resilient energy absorbing buffer layer is between 0.3 and 2.0 metres.
8. A pile-sheet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a track structure, a foundation surface layer, a foundation bottom layer and a below-foundation embankment arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the below-foundation embankment being provided with graded crushed stones on the outside of the bottom, the foundation surface layer also being composed of graded crushed stones for drainage and carrying.
9. The pile plate structure of claim 8 wherein said pile plate structure is a shallow pile plate structure, said load bearing plate is disposed within said foundation bed surface layer, and said middle resilient energy absorbing buffer layer is disposed on top of said foundation bed bottom layer.
10. The pile plate structure of claim 8 wherein said pile plate structure is a deep pile plate structure, said carrier plate is disposed on top of said sub-bed embankment, and said middle elastic energy absorbing buffer layer is located inside said sub-bed embankment.
11. A pile structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the pile foundation of the pile body is frustoconical; and the pile body is a pulling-resistant bearing pile.
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