CN113789186A - Fluidized bed dry distillation device and method thereof - Google Patents
Fluidized bed dry distillation device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113789186A CN113789186A CN202111243727.9A CN202111243727A CN113789186A CN 113789186 A CN113789186 A CN 113789186A CN 202111243727 A CN202111243727 A CN 202111243727A CN 113789186 A CN113789186 A CN 113789186A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/046—Reducing the tar content
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed dry distillation, in particular to a fluidized bed dry distillation device and a method thereof, the fluidized bed dry distillation device comprises a fluidized bed body, a coal feeding unit, a heat exchange unit and a gas-solid separation unit, the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, the coal feeding unit is arranged for pressurizing and feeding coal, the available raw materials are wider, the heat exchange unit is arranged for feeding the added coal powder into the fluidized bed body for reaction after heat exchange, the reaction is quicker, the processing capacity is higher, and the large-scale production requirement can be better met; the fluidized bed dry distillation method of the invention heats the pressurized coal powder and then feeds the pressurized coal powder into the fluidized bed for reaction, which can effectively improve the reaction rate, and the pyrolysis coal gas in the fluidized bed is fractionated after multistage cooling treatment to obtain various coal tar, methane and semicoke products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed dry distillation, in particular to a fluidized bed dry distillation device and a method thereof.
Background
The fluidized bed gasification furnace is mostly applied to coal gasification to generate coal gas, the coal is pyrolyzed in the heating process of the fluidized bed to generate the coal gas, and the acquisition of tar and tar upgrading from the coal gas is one of the important ways for improving the high-efficiency utilization of the coal. In the traditional fluidized bed reactor, most of coal with lighter deterioration degree is pyrolyzed, the raw materials mainly comprise lump coal, the heating process of the lump coal is slow, the production capacity of equipment is lower, and the supply limit of the lump coal cannot meet the requirement of large-scale production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fluidized bed dry distillation device and a method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, high processing capacity and high dry distillation reaction rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a fluidized bed dry distillation device, includes fluidized bed body, coal feeding unit, heat transfer unit and gas-solid separation unit, heat transfer unit respectively with the fluidized bed body coal feeding unit with gas-solid separation unit connects, gas-solid separation unit with this body coupling of fluidized bed.
Further, the device comprises a cooling pressure reducing device, wherein the heat exchange unit is provided with a coal powder inlet, a coal powder outlet, a semicoke inlet and a semicoke outlet, the coal powder inlet is connected with the coal adding unit, the coal powder outlet is connected with the fluidized bed body, the semicoke inlet is connected with the gas-solid separation unit, the semicoke outlet is respectively connected with the fluidized bed body and the cooling pressure reducing device, and a gas inlet is formed between the semicoke outlet and the fluidized bed body.
Furthermore, a plurality of heat transfer surfaces for separating fresh coal powder and hot semicoke are arranged in the heat exchange unit, the heat transfer surfaces divide the heat exchange unit into a plurality of coal powder channels and a plurality of semicoke channels, the coal powder inlet and the coal powder outlet are respectively connected with the coal powder channels, the semicoke inlet and the semicoke outlet are respectively connected with the semicoke channels, and the coal powder channels are provided with water vapor diffusion openings.
Furthermore, a hot flue gas heat exchange channel is arranged inside the fluidized bed body, a fluidized gas inlet is formed in the bottom end of the fluidized bed body, and the gas-solid separation unit is provided with a plurality of cyclone separators.
Further, the coal feeding unit comprises a normal pressure coal bunker, a pressure coal bunker and a coal feeder which are sequentially arranged, a coal lock is arranged between the normal pressure coal bunker and the pressure coal bunker, a crushed coal inlet is formed in the normal pressure coal bunker, and the coal feeder is connected with the heat exchange unit.
Further, the device also comprises a grading cooling unit, and the grading cooling unit is connected with the gas-solid separation unit.
Furthermore, a high-temperature dust remover is arranged between the grading cooling unit and the gas-solid separation unit, and one end of the grading cooling unit, which is far away from the high-temperature dust remover, is connected with a gas purifier and a methane separator.
Further, the hierarchical cooling unit is including consecutive high temperature cooling unit, inferior high temperature cooling unit, medium temperature cooling unit and low temperature cooling unit, high temperature cooling unit inferior high temperature cooling unit medium temperature cooling unit with low temperature cooling unit is equipped with condenser, filter and oil water cooler respectively, high temperature cooling unit still is equipped with heat conduction oil cooling subassembly, inferior high temperature cooling unit is equipped with middling pressure steam pocket, medium temperature cooling unit is equipped with the low pressure steam pocket, low temperature cooling unit is equipped with demineralized water circulation passageway, heat conduction oil cooling subassembly with the middling pressure steam pocket is connected.
Furthermore, the heat-conducting oil cooling assembly comprises a heat-conducting oil cooler, a heat-conducting oil storage tank and a heat-conducting oil circulating pump, the heat-conducting oil cooler is respectively connected with the condenser arranged on the high-temperature cooling unit, the heat-conducting medium storage tank and the medium-pressure steam drum, and the heat-conducting oil storage tank is connected with the condenser arranged on the high-temperature cooling unit through the heat-conducting oil circulating pump.
The dry distillation method using the fluidized bed dry distillation device comprises the following steps:
loading fine-particle semicoke in a fluidized bed body, introducing fluidizing gas, wherein the fine-particle semicoke is in a fluidized state under the action of the fluidizing gas, oxygen in the fluidizing gas and heat generated by combustion of part of the semicoke maintain the temperature of the fluidized bed body, a coal feeding unit feeds pressurized pulverized coal into a heat exchange unit, the pulverized coal enters the fluidized bed body after heat exchange of the heat exchange unit, the pulverized coal particles are rapidly heated to the bed temperature, the pulverized coal is heated to generate volatile components, the volatile components contain coal tar and combustible gas, the volatile components and the fluidizing gas carry the semicoke together to leave the fluidized bed body, the pulverized coal enters a gas-solid separation unit, the gas leaving the gas-solid separation unit enters a high-temperature dust remover after heat exchange in the fluidized bed body, the rest part of the gas directly enters the high-temperature dust remover, and dust is discharged by a high-temperature filter element;
semicoke particles separated from the gas-solid separation unit enter a heat exchange unit to exchange heat with fresh coal powder from a coal feeding unit, sensible heat is transferred to the coal powder, the coal powder is heated to raise the temperature and then water contained in the coal powder is evaporated, the evaporated water vapor and the coal enter a fluidized bed body together, semicoke after heat exchange with the coal is primarily cooled, the semicoke is further cooled and decompressed after leaving the heat exchange unit and then is sent to a rear-end storage and transportation unit, and oxygen/air entering from a gas inlet exchanges heat with the semicoke to recover semicoke heat and then enters the fluidized bed body to participate in pyrolysis reaction;
the gas leaving the high-temperature dust remover enters a grading cooling unit, the high-temperature cooling unit adopts heat conduction oil for cooling, and the coal gas is cooled to about 420 ℃ to obtain primary condensate which is mainly organic and almost does not contain water; the secondary high-temperature cooling unit cools the coal gas to about 250 ℃ through a medium-pressure steam drum, and secondary condensate is obtained, wherein the secondary condensate is mainly organic matter and has low water content; in the medium-temperature cooling unit, cooling the coal gas to about 150 ℃ through a low-pressure steam bag to obtain a third-stage condensate, wherein the condensate contains organic matters and water; the low-temperature cooling unit is cooled by desalted water, the temperature of the coal gas is reduced to about 80 ℃, and the obtained condensate mainly comprises water and also contains water-soluble organic matters;
the coal gas leaving the low-temperature cooling unit is further washed and purified and then sent to a methane separation unit to prepare the methane into liquefied petroleum gas, so that various clean fuel products such as coal tar, semicoke, liquefied natural gas and the like are obtained through fractionation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the fluidized bed dry distillation device comprises a fluidized bed body, a coal feeding unit, a heat exchange unit and a gas-solid separation unit, wherein the heat exchange unit is respectively connected with the fluidized bed body, the coal feeding unit and the gas-solid separation unit, and the gas-solid separation unit is connected with the fluidized bed body.
2. The fluidized bed dry distillation method of the invention comprises the steps of heating pressurized coal powder, feeding the pressurized coal powder into a fluidized bed for reaction, effectively increasing the reaction rate, and heating the heat of the coal powder, wherein the heat comes from semicoke generated in the dry distillation process of the fluidized bed, the hot semicoke is effectively utilized for heating the coal powder, and the hot semicoke is primarily cooled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fluidized bed dry distillation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fluidized bed dry distillation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a high temperature dust collector, a staged cooling unit, a gas purifier and a methane separator according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. the system comprises a fluidized bed body, 11 hot flue gas heat exchange channels, 12 fluidized gas channels, 2 coal feeding units, 21 normal pressure coal bins, 211 crushed coal inlets, 22 pressure coal bins, 23 coal feeders, 24 coal locks, 3 heat exchange units, 31 coal powder inlets, 32 coal powder outlets, 33 semicoke inlets, 34 semicoke outlets, 35 gas inlets, 36 heat transfer surfaces, 37 water vapor release ports, 4 gas-solid separation units, 5 cooling pressure reduction devices, 6 grading cooling units, 61 high temperature cooling units, 611 heat transfer oil coolers, 612 heat transfer oil storage tanks, 613 heat transfer oil circulating pumps, 62 secondary high temperature cooling units, 621 medium pressure steam drums, 63 medium temperature cooling units, 631 low pressure steam drums, 64 low temperature cooling units, 65 condensers, 66 filters, 67 oil-water coolers, 7 high temperature dust collectors, a heat transfer oil coolers, a heat transfer oil circulating pump, and a heat transfer oil cooling unit, 8. Gas purifier, 9 methane separator.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the fluidized bed dry distillation device of the present embodiment includes a fluidized bed body 1, a coal feeding unit 2, a heat exchange unit 3 and a gas-solid separation unit 4, the heat exchange unit 3 is respectively connected to the fluidized bed body 1, the coal feeding unit 2 and the gas-solid separation unit 4, the gas-solid separation unit 4 is connected to the fluidized bed body 1, the present embodiment has a simple structure and a reasonable design, the coal feeding unit 2 is arranged to pressurize and feed coal, the available raw materials are wider, and the added pulverized coal is fed into the fluidized bed body 1 after heat exchange through the heat exchange unit 3, so that the reaction is faster, the processing capacity is higher, and the requirement of large-scale production can be better satisfied.
The device is characterized by further comprising a cooling pressure reducing device 5, wherein the heat exchange unit 3 is provided with a coal powder inlet 31, a coal powder outlet 32, a semicoke inlet 33 and a semicoke outlet 34, the coal powder inlet 31 is connected with the coal adding unit 2, the coal powder outlet 32 is connected with the fluidized bed body 1, the semicoke inlet 33 is connected with the gas-solid separation unit 4, the semicoke outlet 34 is respectively connected with the fluidized bed body 1 and the cooling pressure reducing device 5, a gas inlet 35 is arranged between the semicoke outlet 34 and the fluidized bed body 1, so that the coal powder and the semicoke can enter conveniently, in addition, the gas inlet 35 is arranged, air or oxygen required for combustion can be conveyed to the fluidized bed body 1 through the gas inlet 35, the semicoke is further cooled through heat exchange between the gas and the semicoke, and the gas enters the fluidized bed body 1 after obtaining heat and being heated, specifically, in this embodiment, the arrangement of the cooling and depressurizing device 5 may be such that the semicoke, the temperature of which is reduced after heat exchange with the pulverized coal, is further cooled and depressurized, and then is sent to the storage and transportation unit.
The inside a plurality of heat transfer surfaces 36 that are used for separating fresh buggy and hot semicoke that are equipped with of heat transfer unit 3, and the warp heat transfer surface 36, will heat transfer unit 3 internal partitioning is a plurality of buggy passageways and a plurality of semicoke passageways, buggy import 31 with buggy export 32 respectively with buggy access connection, semicoke import 33 with semicoke export 34 respectively with semicoke access connection, the buggy passageway is equipped with steam and diffuses mouthful 37, such setting of this embodiment, simple structure, the practicality is strong, can set up the quantity of heat transfer surface according to the heat transfer demand of reality, and the heat transfer is convenient high-efficient, and the compounding condition of buggy and semicoke can not appear, refers to fig. 1 and fig. 2, has shown two kinds of heat transfer unit's structure.
The fluidized bed body 1 is internally provided with a hot flue gas heat exchange channel 11, the bottom end of the fluidized bed body 1 is provided with a fluidized gas inlet 12, the gas-solid separation unit 4 is provided with a plurality of cyclone separators, heat of hot flue gas can be utilized to provide heat for pyrolysis reaction in the fluidized bed body 1 by arranging the hot flue gas heat exchange channel 11, meanwhile, part of the hot flue gas is cooled, and the temperature of the hot flue gas is controlled in a proper interval so as to meet the working temperature of a high-temperature dust remover 7 at the rear end; in this embodiment, gas-solid separation unit 4 is equipped with a plurality of cyclone, can carry out gas-solid separation with fluidized bed body 1 exhaust pyrolysis gas through one-level cyclone earlier after, solid semicoke gets into heat transfer unit 3, and gas gets into second grade cyclone and carries out gas-solid separation after, and gas reentrant high temperature dust remover 7, and the solid that separates through second grade cyclone obtains the semicoke after condensation treatment, its simple structure, and gas-solid separation and heat transfer are very convenient.
Still include the fractional cooling unit 6, the fractional cooling unit 6 with gas-solid separation unit 4 is connected, specifically, the fractional cooling unit 6 with be equipped with high temperature dust remover 7 between the gas-solid separation unit 4, the fractional cooling unit 6 is kept away from the one end of high temperature dust remover 7 is connected with gas purifier 8 and methane separator 9, through set gradually high temperature dust remover 7, fractional cooling unit 6, gas purifier 8 and methane separator 9 in the gas-solid separation unit 4 rear end, can cool through a plurality of grades, with the coal tar component in the coal gas according to the height of condensing temperature, the condensation separates out step by step to obtain multiple coal tar, methane and semicoke product, and the steady quality of gained coal tar.
More specifically, the staged cooling unit 6 includes a high temperature cooling unit 61, a secondary high temperature cooling unit 62, a medium temperature cooling unit 63 and a low temperature cooling unit 64, which are connected in sequence, the high temperature cooling unit 61, the secondary high temperature cooling unit 62, the medium temperature cooling unit 63 and the low temperature cooling unit 64 are respectively provided with a condenser 65, a filter 66 and an oil-water cooler 67, the high temperature cooling unit 61 is further provided with a heat-conducting oil cooling assembly, the secondary high temperature cooling unit 62 is provided with a medium pressure steam drum 621, the medium temperature cooling unit 63 is provided with a low pressure steam drum 631, the low temperature cooling unit 64 is provided with a demineralized water flow channel, the heat-conducting oil cooling assembly 621 is connected with the medium pressure steam drum, as shown in detail in this embodiment, heat obtained from coal gas by the heat-conducting oil of the high temperature cooling unit 61 is finally used for producing water vapor, and the produced water vapor is stored in the medium pressure steam drum 621, the heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the secondary high-temperature cooling unit 62, and is simple in structure and good in energy consumption utilization effect.
Specifically, the heat conducting oil cooling assembly includes a heat conducting oil cooler 611, a heat conducting oil storage tank 612 and a heat conducting oil circulating pump 613, the heat conducting oil cooler 611 is respectively connected to a condenser 65 disposed in the high temperature cooling unit 61, the heat conducting medium storage tank 612 and the medium pressure steam drum 621, the heat conducting oil storage tank 612 is connected to the condenser 65 disposed in the high temperature cooling unit 61 through the heat conducting oil circulating pump 613, in this embodiment, the structural configuration of the heat conducting oil cooling assembly is specifically shown, the heat conducting oil exchanges heat with water vapor in the medium pressure steam drum 621 through the heat conducting oil, the heat conducting oil is cooled, the cooled heat conducting oil is stored in the heat conducting oil storage tank 612 and is sent to the condenser 65 of the high temperature cooling unit 61 through the heat conducting oil circulating pump 613 for continuous heat exchange, so that the heat conducting oil has a high boiling point, and can maintain stable chemical structure and physical properties under low pressure and high temperature conditions, the heat conducting oil with high boiling point can be selected as much as possible, for example, the heat conducting oil with allowable operation temperature of 400 ℃ or higher can be used for stably condensing and cooling the condenser 65 at the highest temperature level as much as possible, the heat conducting oil can work at low pressure, the material selection and the structural design of the condenser 65 are facilitated, the temperature stability of the heat conducting oil is maintained, the temperature of a coal gas outlet of the condenser 65 can be kept stable, and therefore coal tar in coal gas is condensed and separated under stable working conditions, and the quality stability of the finally obtained coal tar is ensured.
The dry distillation method using the fluidized bed dry distillation device comprises the following steps:
loading fine-particle semicoke in a fluidized bed body 1, introducing fluidizing gas, wherein the fine-particle semicoke is in a fluidized state under the action of the fluidizing gas, oxygen in the fluidizing gas and heat generated by combustion of part of the semicoke maintain the temperature of the fluidized bed body 1, a coal feeding unit 2 feeds pressurized pulverized coal into a heat exchange unit 3, the pulverized coal enters the fluidized bed body 1 after heat exchange of the heat exchange unit 3, the pulverized coal particles are rapidly heated to the bed temperature, the pulverized coal is heated to generate volatile components, the volatile components contain coal tar and combustible gas, the volatile components and the fluidizing gas carry the semicoke together to leave the fluidized bed body 1, the gas enters a gas-solid separation unit 4, the gas leaving the gas-solid separation unit 4 enters a high-temperature dust remover 7 after heat exchange of one part of the gas entering the fluidized bed body 1, the other part of the gas directly enters the high-temperature dust remover 7, and dust is discharged by a high-temperature filter element;
semicoke particles separated from the gas-solid separation unit 4 enter a heat exchange unit 3 to exchange heat with fresh coal powder from a coal feeding unit, sensible heat of semicoke is transferred to the coal powder, the coal powder is heated to raise the temperature and then water contained in the coal powder is evaporated, evaporated water vapor and the coal enter a fluidized bed body 1 together, semicoke subjected to heat exchange with the coal is subjected to primary cooling, air or oxygen entering from a gas inlet exchanges heat with the semicoke to further lower the temperature of the semicoke, the gas is heated to obtain heat and then enters the fluidized bed body 1, and the semicoke is further cooled and decompressed after leaving the heat exchange unit 3 and then is sent to a rear-end storage and transportation unit;
the gas leaving the high-temperature dust remover 7 enters a grading cooling unit 6, a high-temperature cooling unit 61 is cooled by adopting heat conducting oil, and the gas is cooled to about 420 ℃ to obtain primary condensate which is mainly organic and almost does not contain water; the secondary high-temperature cooling unit 62 cools the coal gas to about 250 ℃ through a medium-pressure steam drum, and obtains secondary condensate, wherein the secondary condensate is mainly organic matter and has less water content; in the medium-temperature cooling unit 63, the coal gas is cooled to about 150 ℃ through a low-pressure steam bag, so as to obtain a third-stage condensate, wherein the condensate contains organic matters and water; the low-temperature cooling unit 64 is cooled by desalted water, the temperature of the coal gas is reduced to about 80 ℃, and the obtained condensate mainly comprises water and also contains water-soluble organic matters;
the gas leaving the low temperature cooling unit 64 is further washed and purified and then sent to a methane separation unit to prepare liquefied petroleum gas from methane, so that various coal tar products are obtained by fractionation.
The fluidized bed dry distillation method comprises the steps of heating pressurized coal powder, feeding the heated coal powder into a fluidized bed for reaction, effectively increasing the reaction rate, and heating the heat of the coal powder, wherein the heat comes from semicoke generated in the fluidized bed dry distillation process, the hot semicoke is effectively utilized for heating the coal powder, and the hot semicoke is subjected to primary cooling.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fluidized bed dry distillation device which characterized in that, includes fluidized bed body, coal feeding unit, heat transfer unit and gas-solid separation unit, heat transfer unit respectively with the fluidized bed body, coal feeding unit with gas-solid separation unit connects, gas-solid separation unit with this body coupling of fluidized bed.
2. The fluidized bed dry distillation device according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling pressure reduction device, wherein the heat exchange unit is provided with a pulverized coal inlet, a pulverized coal outlet, a semicoke inlet and a semicoke outlet, the pulverized coal inlet is connected with the coal feeding unit, the pulverized coal outlet is connected with the fluidized bed body, the semicoke inlet is connected with the gas-solid separation unit, the semicoke outlet is respectively connected with the fluidized bed body and the cooling pressure reduction device, and a gas inlet is arranged between the semicoke outlet and the fluidized bed body.
3. The dry distillation device of a fluidized bed according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of heat transfer surfaces for separating fresh coal powder and hot semicoke are arranged in the heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit is divided into a plurality of coal powder channels and a plurality of semicoke channels by the heat transfer surfaces, the coal powder inlet and the coal powder outlet are respectively connected with the coal powder channels, the semicoke inlet and the semicoke outlet are respectively connected with the semicoke channels, and the coal powder channels are provided with water vapor diffusion openings.
4. The dry distillation device of fluidized bed according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed body is internally provided with a hot flue gas heat exchange channel, the bottom end of the fluidized bed body is provided with a fluidizing gas inlet, and the gas-solid separation unit is provided with a plurality of cyclone separators.
5. The fluidized bed dry distillation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal feeding unit comprises an atmospheric coal bunker, a pressure coal bunker and a coal feeder which are arranged in sequence, a coal lock is arranged between the atmospheric coal bunker and the pressure coal bunker, the atmospheric coal bunker is provided with a crushed coal inlet, and the coal feeder is connected with the heat exchange unit.
6. The fluid bed dry distillation device according to claim 1, further comprising a staged cooling unit connected to the gas-solid separation unit.
7. The dry distillation device for fluidized bed according to claim 6, wherein a high temperature dust collector is arranged between the grading cooling unit and the gas-solid separation unit, and a gas purifier and a methane separator are connected to one end of the grading cooling unit far away from the high temperature dust collector.
8. The dry distillation device of the fluidized bed according to claim 6, wherein the staged cooling unit comprises a high temperature cooling unit, a secondary high temperature cooling unit, a medium temperature cooling unit and a low temperature cooling unit which are connected in sequence, the high temperature cooling unit, the secondary high temperature cooling unit, the medium temperature cooling unit and the low temperature cooling unit are respectively provided with a condenser, a filter and an oil-water cooler, the high temperature cooling unit is further provided with a heat conduction oil cooling assembly, the secondary high temperature cooling unit is provided with a medium pressure steam drum, the medium temperature cooling unit is provided with a low pressure steam drum, the low temperature cooling unit is provided with a demineralized water circulation channel, and the heat conduction oil cooling assembly is connected with the medium pressure steam drum.
9. The fluidized bed dry distillation device according to claim 8, wherein the heat-conducting oil cooling assembly comprises a heat-conducting oil cooler, a heat-conducting oil storage tank and a heat-conducting oil circulating pump, the heat-conducting oil cooler is respectively connected with the condenser arranged on the high-temperature cooling unit, the heat-conducting medium storage tank and the medium-pressure steam drum, and the heat-conducting oil storage tank is connected with the condenser arranged on the high-temperature cooling unit through the heat-conducting oil circulating pump.
10. Retort process using a fluid bed retort according to claims 1-9, characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps:
loading fine-particle semicoke in a fluidized bed body, introducing fluidizing gas, wherein the fine-particle semicoke is in a fluidized state under the action of the fluidizing gas, oxygen in the fluidizing gas and heat generated by combustion of part of the semicoke maintain the temperature of the fluidized bed body, a coal feeding unit feeds pressurized pulverized coal into a heat exchange unit, the pulverized coal enters the fluidized bed body after heat exchange of the heat exchange unit, the pulverized coal particles are rapidly heated to the bed temperature, the pulverized coal is heated to generate volatile components, the volatile components contain coal tar and combustible gas, the volatile components and the fluidizing gas carry the semicoke together to leave the fluidized bed body, the pulverized coal enters a gas-solid separation unit, the gas leaving the gas-solid separation unit enters a high-temperature dust remover after heat exchange in the fluidized bed body, the rest part of the gas directly enters the high-temperature dust remover, and dust is discharged by a high-temperature filter element;
semicoke particles separated from the gas-solid separation unit enter a heat exchange unit, exchange heat with fresh coal powder from a coal feeding unit, transfer sensible heat to the coal powder, evaporate water contained in the coal powder after the coal powder is heated and heated, the evaporated water vapor and the coal enter a fluidized bed body together, semicoke after heat exchange with the coal is primarily cooled, the semicoke is sent to a rear-end storage and transportation unit after further cooling and pressure reduction treatment after leaving the heat exchange unit, and oxygen/air and the semicoke exchange heat to recycle semicoke heat and then enter the fluidized bed body to participate in pyrolysis reaction;
the gas leaving the high-temperature dust remover enters a grading cooling unit, the high-temperature cooling unit adopts heat conduction oil for cooling, and the coal gas is cooled to about 420 ℃ to obtain primary condensate which is mainly organic and almost does not contain water; the secondary high-temperature cooling unit cools the coal gas to about 250 ℃ through a medium-pressure steam drum, and secondary condensate is obtained, wherein the secondary condensate is mainly organic matter and has low water content; in the medium-temperature cooling unit, cooling the coal gas to about 150 ℃ through a low-pressure steam bag to obtain a third-stage condensate, wherein the condensate contains organic matters and water; the low-temperature cooling unit is cooled by desalted water, the temperature of the coal gas is reduced to about 80 ℃, and the obtained condensate mainly comprises water and also contains water-soluble organic matters;
the coal gas leaving the low-temperature cooling unit is further washed and purified and then sent to a methane separation unit to prepare the methane into liquefied petroleum gas, so that various clean fuel products such as coal tar, semicoke, liquefied natural gas and the like are obtained through fractionation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115322813A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-11 | 李冶 | Integrated coal conversion device and conversion method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115322813A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-11 | 李冶 | Integrated coal conversion device and conversion method thereof |
| CN115322813B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-11-28 | 李冶 | Integrated coal conversion device and conversion method thereof |
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