CN113788161B - Dustproof optical device of Mars vehicle APS sun sensor - Google Patents
Dustproof optical device of Mars vehicle APS sun sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113788161B CN113788161B CN202111101075.5A CN202111101075A CN113788161B CN 113788161 B CN113788161 B CN 113788161B CN 202111101075 A CN202111101075 A CN 202111101075A CN 113788161 B CN113788161 B CN 113788161B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/16—Extraterrestrial cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/66—Arrangements or adaptations of apparatus or instruments, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dustproof optical device of an APS sun sensor of a Mars vehicle, which comprises a hemispherical cover, a light ray introducer, a spherical cover compression ring and a fastening screw, wherein the hemispherical cover is arranged on the spherical cover; the hemispherical cover is arranged on the top cover of the sun sensor, the center of the hemispherical cover is aligned with the light-passing small hole of the light introducer, the spherical cover pressing ring is sleeved outside the hemispherical cover, silicon rubber is smeared between the spherical cover pressing ring and the hemispherical cover to fix the hemispherical cover, and the spherical cover pressing ring is fixed on the top cover of the sun sensor through a fastening screw. The invention creatively proposes a scheme of arranging the light through small holes of the light introducer at the center of the hemispherical cover by utilizing the characteristic that the light path is not changed when the light passes through the center of the hemispherical cover, and the super-hydrophobic film is additionally plated on the surface of the shell of the hemispherical cover, so that the phenomenon that the output data of the sun sensor is jumped caused by dust particles falling onto the small holes of the light introducer of the sun sensor is avoided, and the yaw direction of the Mars is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical attitude sensors, and relates to a dustproof optical device of an APS sun sensor of a Mars vehicle.
Background
The sun sensor is an optical attitude sensor for measuring the included angle between the attitude of a spacecraft and the vector of solar rays by taking the sun as a reference azimuth. The sun vector direction is measured by a sun sensor on the Mars, yaw direction is provided for the Mars to travel on the surface of the Mars, the Mars is ensured to advance according to a preset direction, and meanwhile correction of long-time drift of the gyroscope is completed.
An area array APS CMOS image sensor adopted by the Mars sun sensor is used as a photoelectric detector, light is introduced by utilizing a light-passing small hole on a light introducer, sun rays reach the APS image sensor through the small hole to form a sun bright spot, and the vector direction of the sun can be determined by extracting the energy center of the sun bright spot.
According to literature data, the surface temperature gradient of the Mars is greatest in late spring or summer season of the southern hemisphere of the Mars, global storms of Mars usually begin from the southern hemisphere at that time and rapidly expand to the world and last for several weeks, and global storms of Mars usually have one or two times a year. The Mars surface is redistributed with a thin dust layer of 0.1-11.1 μm thickness after the global dust storm. Due to the existence of global dust storm, mars atmospheric dust is periodically mixed, and the dust components are stable everywhere. Mars dust can reduce the transmittance of the atmosphere to visible light, and the Mars dust falls on the solar cell array of the lander and the inspection device, so that the power of the solar cell array can be reduced, and the working capacity of the detector is influenced.
Mars dust can be divided into 3 kinds according to size distribution and movement modes:
(1) airborne dust (aircon duct): the radius is less than 2 μm, and these dust are magnetic in long-term suspension in the atmosphere, since they are mainly composed of magnetite and olivine.
(2) Dust fall (set dust): the particle radius is less than or equal to 10 mu m, can be rolled up into the atmosphere by dust rolls (durt device) and dust storms, but can fall to the ground quickly.
(3) Jumping particles (saltating particles): the diameter is > 80 μm, the primary form of motion is jumping, and its trajectory is generally concentrated in the range of 15 cm to 20 cm from the ground surface.
From the previous data, it can be seen that the size of the dust particles on the surface of the Mars is equal to that of the small holes of the sun sensor, and if the dust particles fall on the small holes of the light introducer of the sun sensor, the dust particles can cause the output data of the sun sensor to jump, thereby affecting the yaw direction of the Mars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a dustproof optical device for an APS sun sensor of a Mars vehicle.
The solution of the invention is as follows:
a dustproof optical device of an APS sun sensor of a Mars vehicle comprises a hemispherical cover, a light introducer, a spherical cover compression ring and a fastening screw;
the hemispherical cover is arranged on the top cover of the sun sensor, the sphere center of the hemispherical cover is aligned with the light-passing small hole of the light introducer, the light introducer is fixed on the top cover of the sun sensor in an adhering mode, the spherical cover press ring is sleeved outside the hemispherical cover, silicon rubber is smeared between the spherical cover press ring and the hemispherical cover to fix the hemispherical cover, and the spherical cover press ring is fixed on the top cover of the sun sensor through a fastening screw; plating an antireflection film on the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover, and plating an ultra-hydrophobic film on the outer surface of the hemispherical cover; the inner radius of the hemispherical cover is 1mm smaller than the diameter of the light introducer, and the outer radius is the same as the diameter of the light introducer.
The inner cavity of the hemispherical cover is plated with an antireflection film, the thickness of the film is 300nm, and the transmittance is more than 98%.
The outer surface of the semi-spherical cover is additionally plated with a super-hydrophobic film, the thickness of the film is 300nm, and the transmittance is more than 97%.
The highest contact angle of the surface of the super-hydrophobic film is not more than 125 degrees,
the light leading-in device has a light spectrum of 700 nm-1100 nm,
the size of the light-transmitting small hole of the light introducer is 150um.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention creatively proposes a scheme of arranging the light through small holes of the light introducer at the center of the hemispherical cover by utilizing the characteristic that the light path is not changed when the light passes through the center of the hemispherical cover, and the complexity of measuring the azimuth angle of the sun by the sun sensor is not increased while the hemispherical cover is increased;
(2) The anti-reflection and anti-reflection film is plated in the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover, so that the introduction of the hemispherical cover can not increase interference light;
(3) According to the invention, the superhydrophobic film is additionally plated on the surface of the shell of the hemispherical cover, so that large-particle dust can roll off when falling onto the surface of the spherical shell by utilizing the superhydrophobic property of the superhydrophobic film, and small-particle dust is not easy to deposit. And because the super-hydrophobic surface has a lower dust-resistant mechanism and a lower solid-solid interaction force, dust can be taken away by breeze, and dust deposited on the surface of the dust cover can be blown off when the Mars wind blows. The phenomenon that the sun sensor outputs data to jump after dust particles fall on small holes of the sun sensor light introducer is avoided, and the yaw direction of the Mars is not influenced is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hemispherical shield of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dust guard of the present invention;
FIG. 3 deposited dust thickness less than 50 um;
figure 4 is where the deposited dust thickness is greater than 200 um.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated in the following figures and examples.
Aiming at the problem that the sun sensor is affected by Mars dust when the Mars works along with the Mars on the Mars surface, the invention designs a Mars sun sensor dustproof device at the front end of a sun sensor light introducer.
The invention creatively proposes a scheme of arranging the light through small holes of the light introducer at the center of the hemispherical cover by utilizing the characteristic that the light path is not changed when the light passes through the center of the hemispherical cover, and the complexity of measuring the sun azimuth angle of the sun sensor is not increased while the hemispherical cover is increased.
The invention adds plating antireflection film in the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover, thereby ensuring that the introduction of the hemispherical cover can not increase interference light.
According to the invention, the super-hydrophobic film is additionally plated on the surface of the shell of the semi-spherical cover, the super-hydrophobic film has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, ageing resistance, chemical stability and the like, and the super-hydrophobic film does not influence the high light transmittance of the glass. The super-hydrophobicity of the dust collector can enable large-particle dust to roll off when falling onto the surface of the spherical shell, and small-particle dust is not easy to deposit. And because the super-hydrophobic surface has a lower dust-resistant mechanism and a lower solid-solid interaction force, dust can be taken away by breeze, and dust deposited on the surface of the dust cover can be blown off when the Mars wind blows.
The invention applies the super-hydrophobic film to the extraterrestrial celestial body for the first time.
Examples:
as shown in FIG. 1, the dustproof device for the Mars sun sensor is mainly a hemispherical cover formed by a hemispherical shell, the inner radius of the hemispherical cover is 9mm, the outer radius of the hemispherical cover is 10mm according to the size phi 10mm of the light introducer, and the hemispherical cover and the light introducer are assembled together to form an optical component with a dustproof function of the sun sensor.
The light introducer base material is infrared glass, the light passing spectrum is 700 nm-1100 nm, the upper surface film layer of the glass is respectively an antireflection film, a first chromium film and an antireflection film from top to bottom, the lower surface film layer of the glass is respectively a multilayer dielectric film, a second chromium film and an antireflection film from top to bottom, the first chromium film realizes neutral attenuation, the solar light intensity transmittance is controlled to be 1% -5%, the multilayer dielectric film realizes the transmittance control of the solar light intensity along with the incident angle, and the 60-degree incident transmittance is ensured to be more than 25 times of the zero-degree incident transmittance. The second chromium film can completely cut off the light rays in other areas except the light, and the transmittance is less than 0.1%. The size of the light hole is 150um, which is close to twice the diameter of the jump particles on the surface of the Mars, and is more than 7 times the diameter of the dust particles on the surface of the Mars.
Specifically, the installation process of the device is as follows:
the first step, the light leading-in device is processed according to the following requirements
1) The spectral band is 700 nm-1100 nm
2) The solar light intensity transmittance of the neutral attenuation film is 1-5%
3) The 60-degree incident transmittance is more than 25 times of the zero-degree incident transmittance
4) The light in other areas except the transmitted light is completely cut off, and the transmittance is less than 0.1 percent
5) The size of the light transmission hole (light transmission small hole) is 150um.
And secondly, finishing the hemispherical cover according to the following requirements.
1) The outer radius R=10+/-0.05 mm of the hemispherical cover;
2) The thickness control range is 0.95 mm-1.05 mm;
3) The thickness consistency error is less than or equal to 0.005mm.
Thirdly, plating an antireflection film on the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover, controlling the thickness of the film layer to be 300nm, and controlling the transmittance to be more than 98%.
Fourthly, plating a superhydrophobic film on the hemispherical cover shell, wherein the highest contact angle of the surface is not more than 125 degrees, the thickness of the film layer is controlled to be 300nm, and the transmittance is more than 97%.
And fifthly, the light introducer 1 is adhered to the sun sensor top cover 4, the light-passing small hole of the light introducer 1 is positioned above the sun sensor top cover 4, the hemispherical cover 2 is arranged on the sun sensor top cover 4, and the spherical center of the hemispherical cover is aligned with the light-passing small hole of the light introducer by adjusting the hemispherical cover 2 through a universal microscope.
Sixth step: the hemispherical cover 2 is sleeved into the spherical cover pressing ring 3, silicon rubber is smeared between the spherical cover pressing ring 3 and the hemispherical cover 2 for fixing the hemispherical cover 2, and finally fastening screws 5 are screwed in to fix the spherical cover pressing ring 3 on the top cover 4 of the solar sensor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a dust-proof device of the present invention.
In the embodiment, the front end of the sun sensor light introducer is provided with the dust-proof device for the Mars sun sensor, so that the dust risk of the Mars sun sensor is reduced. Ground tests show that when dust deposition is less than 50um, as shown in fig. 3, the sun sensor is not affected by dust, the output of the product is normal, when the dust deposition thickness is greater than 200um, as shown in fig. 4, the output of the sun sensor is jumped, but the jumped is less than 0.2 degrees, and the travelling direction of a spark car is not greatly affected.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. An APS sun sensor dustproof optical device for a Mars vehicle, which is characterized in that: comprises a hemispherical cover, a light introducer, a spherical cover compression ring and a fastening screw;
the hemispherical cover is arranged on the top cover of the sun sensor, the sphere center of the hemispherical cover is aligned with the light-passing small hole of the light introducer, the light introducer is fixed on the top cover of the sun sensor in an adhering mode, the spherical cover press ring is sleeved outside the hemispherical cover, silicon rubber is smeared between the spherical cover press ring and the hemispherical cover to fix the hemispherical cover, and the spherical cover press ring is fixed on the top cover of the sun sensor through a fastening screw; plating an antireflection film on the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover, and plating an ultra-hydrophobic film on the outer surface of the hemispherical cover; the inner radius of the hemispherical cover is 1mm smaller than the diameter of the light introducer, and the outer radius is the same as the diameter of the light introducer.
2. A Mars APS sun sensor dustproof optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inner cavity of the hemispherical cover is plated with an antireflection film, the thickness of the film is 300nm, and the transmittance is more than 98%.
3. A Mars APS sun sensor dustproof optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the semi-spherical cover is additionally plated with a super-hydrophobic film, the thickness of the film is 300nm, and the transmittance is more than 97%.
4. A Mars APS sun sensor dustproof optical apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the highest contact angle of the surface of the super-hydrophobic film is not more than 125 degrees.
5. A Mars APS sun sensor dustproof optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the light guide device has a light spectrum of 700 nm-1100 nm.
6. The Mars APS sun sensor dustproof optical apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the size of the light-transmitting small hole of the light introducer is 150um.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111101075.5A CN113788161B (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Dustproof optical device of Mars vehicle APS sun sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111101075.5A CN113788161B (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Dustproof optical device of Mars vehicle APS sun sensor |
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| CN113788161A CN113788161A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CN113788161B true CN113788161B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04266599A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-09-22 | Nec Corp | Fixed star sensor |
| JPH11183161A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-09 | Nec Eng Ltd | Solar sensor |
| KR20010011841A (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-02-15 | 윤덕용 | 2 axis wide field-of-view sun sensor |
| CN101329583A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Full-automatic high precision sun tracking apparatus and method based on PSD |
| CN102538786A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学 | Full field solar sensing device and method for micro satellite |
| CN103234545A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Dust-proof mechanism of spatial optical sensor |
| CN103323000A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-25 | 上海新跃仪表厂 | Digital sun sensor light introducing apparatus, and frame structure member and installation method thereof |
| CN113325880A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Sun and moon tracking device and method suitable for motion state |
-
2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202111101075.5A patent/CN113788161B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04266599A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-09-22 | Nec Corp | Fixed star sensor |
| JPH11183161A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-09 | Nec Eng Ltd | Solar sensor |
| KR20010011841A (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-02-15 | 윤덕용 | 2 axis wide field-of-view sun sensor |
| CN101329583A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Full-automatic high precision sun tracking apparatus and method based on PSD |
| CN102538786A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学 | Full field solar sensing device and method for micro satellite |
| CN103234545A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Dust-proof mechanism of spatial optical sensor |
| CN103323000A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-25 | 上海新跃仪表厂 | Digital sun sensor light introducing apparatus, and frame structure member and installation method thereof |
| CN113325880A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Sun and moon tracking device and method suitable for motion state |
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| CN113788161A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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