CN113787938A - Electric automobile thermal management system, control method and device and vehicle - Google Patents

Electric automobile thermal management system, control method and device and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113787938A
CN113787938A CN202111163397.2A CN202111163397A CN113787938A CN 113787938 A CN113787938 A CN 113787938A CN 202111163397 A CN202111163397 A CN 202111163397A CN 113787938 A CN113787938 A CN 113787938A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
motor
management system
thermal management
way valve
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Pending
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CN202111163397.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王志磊
文增友
芮富林
季晨捷
徐峰
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Evergrande New Energy Automobile Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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Evergrande New Energy Automobile Investment Holding Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111163397.2A priority Critical patent/CN113787938A/en
Publication of CN113787938A publication Critical patent/CN113787938A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses an electric automobile thermal management system, a control method, a control device and a vehicle, belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and is used for reducing the consumption of the thermal management system on battery energy and improving the endurance mileage of the vehicle. The electric automobile heat management system comprises an air conditioning system, a battery system and a motor system, wherein a cooling liquid loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler, and the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is connected in series with or disconnected from the cooling liquid loop of the motor system through a first four-way valve.

Description

Electric automobile thermal management system, control method and device and vehicle
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to an electric automobile thermal management system, a control method and device and a vehicle.
Background
With the development of new energy vehicle technology, electric vehicles are gradually welcomed by users. However, the electric vehicle has a problem of short driving range compared with the conventional fuel vehicle because the energy density of the battery adopted by the electric vehicle is low. In addition, the heat management system on the electric automobile is used for adjusting the temperature of the passenger compartment, the battery and the motor, and the operation of the heat management system can further accelerate the consumption of the energy of the battery, so that the endurance mileage of the automobile is further reduced.
Therefore, how to reduce the consumption of the battery energy by the thermal management system and improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide an electric automobile thermal management system, a control method, a control device and a vehicle, which can reduce the consumption of the thermal management system on battery energy and improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle thermal management system, which includes an air conditioning system, a battery system, and a motor system, wherein a coolant loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler, and the coolant loop of the battery system is connected in series or disconnected with the coolant loop of the motor system through a first four-way valve.
In one implementation, the cooling liquid loop of the motor system includes a motor radiator branch and a bypass branch, the motor radiator branch includes a first three-way valve, a motor radiator and a first four-way valve that are sequentially communicated, and the bypass branch includes the first three-way valve and the first four-way valve that are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, the coolant loop of the battery system includes a battery cooler branch and a battery heater branch, the battery cooler branch includes a second three-way valve that communicates in sequence, the battery cooler and the battery, the battery heater branch includes a second three-way valve that communicates in sequence, the battery heater and the battery.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery heating mode, the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve to form a first cooling liquid loop; the first cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery heater branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve to form a second cooling liquid loop; the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump, a battery cooler branch, a first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation manner, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted air-conditioning heating mode, the refrigerant circuit of the air-conditioning system at least comprises a first refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit of the battery system is communicated with the coolant circuit of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve to form a third coolant circuit; the first refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor, a first electromagnetic valve, an in-vehicle condenser, a liquid storage dryer, a first coaxial tube, a first electronic expansion valve, the battery cooler, a second coaxial tube and the electric compressor which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current operating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted defrosting mode, the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning system at least comprises a second refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit of the battery system is communicated with the coolant circuit of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve to form a third coolant circuit; the second refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor, a second electromagnetic valve, an external heat exchanger, a liquid storage dryer, a first coaxial tube, a first electronic expansion valve, the battery cooler, a second coaxial tube and the electric compressor which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method, which is applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle according to the first aspect, and includes: receiving travel appointment operation; determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation; and before the trip time, controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge so that the battery reaches a target temperature.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control device, which is applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle according to the first aspect, and includes: the receiving module is used for receiving travel appointment operation; the determining module is used for determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation; a control module, configured to execute a target control operation on the first window if it is determined that an obstacle exists in a target area of the first window, where the target control operation includes: and forbidding closing the window, closing the window in a delayed mode, or closing the window to a target position.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, including an electric vehicle thermal management system as described in the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the application, the electric automobile thermal management system comprises an air conditioning system, a battery system and a motor system, wherein a cooling liquid loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler, and the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is connected in series or disconnected with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system through a first four-way valve, so that the air conditioning system, the battery system and the motor system can be highly integrated together, waste heat in the system is fully utilized, the temperature regulation effect is improved, the consumption of the electric automobile thermal management system on battery energy is reduced, and the vehicle endurance mileage is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an electric vehicle thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to one embodiment of the present application;
wherein, 1 is an electric compressor; 2 is a first electromagnetic valve; a second electromagnetic valve 3; 4 is an external heat exchanger; 5 is a condenser in the car; 6 is a liquid storage dryer; 7 is a first coaxial tube; 8 is a thermostatic expansion valve; 9 is a first electronic expansion valve; 10 is an evaporator in the vehicle; 11 is a battery cooler; 12 is a second electronic expansion valve; 13 is a third electromagnetic valve; 14 is a battery water pump; 15 is a second three-way valve; 16 is a battery heater; 17 is a battery; 18 is a first four-way valve; 19 is a front motor water pump; 20 is a rear motor water pump; 21 is a high-pressure three-in-one controller; 22 is a front motor; 23 is a rear motor; 24 is a first three-way valve; 25 is a motor radiator; 26 is a second coaxial tube; and 27 is a secondary water tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows an electric vehicle thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes an air conditioning system, a battery system, and a motor system, wherein a coolant loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler 11, and the coolant loop of the battery system is connected or disconnected in series with the coolant loop of the motor system through a first four-way valve 18.
Wherein the thin line part is a refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning system. The thick line part is a cooling liquid loop including a cooling liquid loop of the battery system and a cooling liquid loop of the motor system. The dashed line partially communicates the coolant circuit with the auxiliary tank 27 for stabilizing the system pressure, venting the gas in the system, and balancing the water in the system.
The cooling liquid loop of the battery system can exchange heat with the refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through the battery cooler 11 to realize functions such as battery heating or cooling. The first four-way valve 18 can adjust the connection state according to the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system, so that the cooling liquid loop of the battery system and the cooling liquid loop of the motor system are connected in series or disconnected.
When the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is connected in series and communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system through the first four-way valve 18, the cooling liquid in the loop firstly passes through the battery system, then passes through the motor system, and finally returns to the battery system, and the circulation is performed, so that the heat exchange between the motor system and the battery system can be realized, and the heat energy transfer between the systems is realized.
When the coolant circuit of the battery system is disconnected from the coolant circuit of the motor system by the first four-way valve 18, the coolant circuit of the battery system and the coolant circuit of the motor system are independent of each other.
Therefore, the electric automobile heat management system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises an air conditioning system, a battery system and a motor system, wherein a cooling liquid loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler, and the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is connected or disconnected in series with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system through a first four-way valve, so that the air conditioning system, the battery system and the motor system can be highly integrated together, waste heat in the system is fully utilized, the temperature regulation effect is improved, the consumption of the electric automobile heat management system on battery energy is reduced, and the vehicle endurance mileage is improved.
In one implementation, the cooling liquid loop of the motor system includes a motor radiator branch and a bypass branch, the motor radiator branch includes a first three-way valve 24, a motor radiator 25 and the first four-way valve 18 which are sequentially communicated, and the bypass branch includes the first three-way valve 24 and the first four-way valve 18 which are sequentially communicated.
The motor radiator 25 in the motor radiator branch is used for transferring waste heat in the system to the outside of the vehicle. For example, the coolant circuit of the battery system is disconnected from the coolant circuit of the motor system by the first four-way valve 18, and the coolant in the coolant circuit of the motor system passes through the motor radiator 25, so that the waste heat in the motor system is transferred to the outside of the vehicle by the motor radiator 25.
The bypass branch is used for recovering waste heat in the motor system. For example, the coolant loop of the battery system is connected in series with the coolant loop of the electric machine system through the first four-way valve 18, and the coolant in the coolant loop of the electric machine system flows to the battery system through the bypass branch, so that the waste heat in the electric machine system is transferred to the battery system through the bypass branch to heat the battery, or the heat source of the air conditioning system is increased through the battery cooler 11.
Therefore, by arranging the first three-way valve 24 and the bypass branch in the cooling liquid loop of the motor system, waste heat in the system can be transferred to the outside of the vehicle through the motor radiator branch, or the waste heat in the motor system can be recycled by the battery system and the air conditioning system through the bypass branch, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the system is guaranteed to be improved, and the temperature adjusting effect is effectively improved.
In one implementation, the coolant loop of the battery system includes a battery cooler branch and a battery heater branch, the battery cooler branch includes a second three-way valve 15, a battery cooler 11 and a battery 17 that are sequentially communicated, and the battery heater branch includes the second three-way valve 15, a battery heater 16 and the battery 17 that are sequentially communicated.
Thus, by providing the second three-way valve 15 in the coolant circuit of the battery system, the battery heater 16 is connected in parallel with the battery cooler 11, and when the battery needs to be cooled, the coolant passes only through the battery cooler 11, and when the battery needs to be heated, the coolant passes only through the battery heater 16. Compare in with battery heater and battery cooler series connection, this application embodiment can effectively avoid no matter for battery cooling or heating, the coolant liquid all need through the problem of the calorific loss that battery heater and battery cooler leaded to, improves system heat exchange efficiency, promotes temperature regulation effect, reduces simultaneously the flow resistance of battery system's coolant liquid return circuit improves battery system's maximum flow can also avoid in addition because the great battery water pump operating noise that arouses of flow resistance is big, the vibration noise problem that the vibration leads to greatly.
Various operation modes are described below by taking the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in fig. 1 as an example.
In one implementation, the mode of operation of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle includes a motor-assisted battery heating mode. When the current working mode of the electric automobile thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery heating mode, a cooling liquid loop of the battery system is communicated with a cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a first cooling liquid loop; the first cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery heater branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
Wherein, first coolant liquid return circuit process motor branch road and back motor branch road before passing through simultaneously behind first cross valve 18, preceding, back motor branch road all includes motor water pump and motor, the difference lies in preceding motor branch road still includes high-pressure trinity controller 21. For convenience of description, the front and rear motor branches are represented by a motor water pump and a motor.
In the motor auxiliary battery heating mode, waste heat of the motor system is recovered by the battery system through the bypass branch, and is heated for the battery through the battery heater branch, so that the function of assisting the battery heating by using the waste heat of the motor system under the low-temperature working condition is realized. Therefore, the waste heat of the system is utilized to improve the temperature regulation effect, the consumption of the battery energy in the battery heating process is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the vehicle endurance mileage is improved.
In one implementation, the mode of operation of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle includes a motor-assisted battery cooling mode. When the current working mode of the electric automobile thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, a cooling liquid loop of the battery system is communicated with a cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a second cooling liquid loop; the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump 14, a battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In the motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, waste heat of the battery system and waste heat of the motor system can be transferred out of the vehicle through the motor radiator branch, and the function of assisting battery cooling by using a heat dissipation mechanism of the motor system under the medium-low temperature working condition is achieved. Therefore, by using the highly integrated electric automobile thermal management system, the consumption of the battery energy in the battery cooling process is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the vehicle endurance mileage is improved.
In one implementation mode, the working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a motor-assisted air conditioning and heating mode. When the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted air-conditioning heating mode, the refrigerant loop of the air-conditioning system at least comprises a first refrigerant loop, and the coolant loop of the battery system is communicated with the coolant loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a third coolant loop; the first refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an in-vehicle condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial pipe 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
The refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system can also comprise an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an internal condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a second electronic expansion valve 12, an external heat exchanger 4, a third electromagnetic valve 13, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated in addition to the first refrigerant loop; and the electric compressor 1, the first electromagnetic valve 2, the internal condenser 5, the liquid storage dryer 6, the first coaxial tube 7, the thermostatic expansion valve 8, the internal evaporator 10, the second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The passenger compartment heating and dehumidifying functions can be realized through the refrigerant loop.
Considering that under the low-temperature working condition, the air conditioning system is difficult to absorb heat energy from ambient air, the efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is large. Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, in the motor-assisted air-conditioning heating mode, waste heat of the motor system is recycled to the battery cooler through the bypass branch, and is used as an auxiliary heat source for heating of the air-conditioning system, so that the heating capacity of the air-conditioning system is increased; on the other hand, the battery cooler enables the refrigerant loop and the cooling liquid loop to exchange heat, so that the heat transfer temperature difference can be effectively reduced, the low-pressure is improved, and the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system is improved, so that the consumption of the air conditioning heating process on the energy of the battery is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is improved.
In one implementation, the operation mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a motor-assisted defrosting mode. When the current working mode of the electric automobile thermal management system is a motor-assisted defrosting mode, the refrigerant loop of the air-conditioning system at least comprises a second refrigerant loop, and the coolant loop of the battery system is communicated with the coolant loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a third coolant loop; the second refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In the motor auxiliary defrosting mode, waste heat of the motor system is recycled to the battery cooler through the bypass branch circuit and is used as an auxiliary heat source for defrosting of the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system utilizes the waste heat of the motor system to defrost the heat exchanger 4 outside the vehicle, so that the defrosting air-out comfort is effectively improved, the energy consumption of the battery in the air conditioning heating process is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is improved.
In one implementation, the operation mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a super fast-charge battery cooling mode. The super quick-charging battery cooling mode is in on the basis of the motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, except the second coolant liquid loop, the refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system is also included, the refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system comprises an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, a battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated.
Under the super quick-charging working condition, the heat productivity of the battery is large, and the external environment temperature is lower than the battery temperature and can provide passive cooling for the battery, so that high-temperature cooling liquid in the battery system firstly dissipates heat through the motor radiator branch in the motor system and then flows into the battery cooler 11, and is continuously cooled to the target water temperature by using a refrigerant to cool the battery.
Under the cooling mode of the super quick-charging battery, the maximum refrigerating capacity is provided for battery cooling by using a highly integrated electric automobile heat management system, the temperature rise of the battery under the super quick-charging working condition is delayed, and the quick-charging time is shortened.
In one implementation, the operation mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system comprises an air conditioner heating battery cooling mode. The air-conditioning heating battery cooling mode is based on the motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, and comprises a refrigerant loop of the air-conditioning system besides the second cooling liquid loop, wherein the refrigerant loop of the air-conditioning system comprises an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an in-vehicle condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated.
The air conditioner heating battery cooling mode mainly aims at medium and low temperature working conditions, the requirement of a passenger cabin is low, the target air outlet temperature is low, the battery cooling is required, and a highly integrated electric automobile heat management system is used for being compatible with the heating requirement of the passenger cabin and the cooling requirement of a power battery.
In one implementation, the mode of operation of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle includes a motor cooling mode. In the motor cooling mode, a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system comprises an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial pipe 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, a battery cooler 11, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated. The cooling liquid loop of the battery system is communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a second cooling liquid loop; the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump 14, a battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
The motor cooling mode mainly aims at the condition of extreme heat, the battery system can absorb the heat of the motor system until the temperature of the battery reaches a limit value, and the rest heat is subjected to heat exchange with the air conditioning system through the battery cooler 11, so that the motor system and the battery system keep proper temperature, energy conservation and environmental protection are realized, and thermal runaway caused by overhigh temperature of the motor under a high-temperature working condition is prevented.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of a control method 100 according to an embodiment of the present application may be performed by an electronic device, which may be a vehicle, such as but not limited to an electric vehicle thermal management system as shown in fig. 1. Or the electronic device may be a software or hardware device installed on the vehicle, in other words, the method may be performed by software or hardware installed on the electronic device, the method including the steps of:
s110: and receiving travel appointment operation.
For example, a travel reservation operation of a user on an in-vehicle system or a remote control application is received.
In one implementation, the user can be reminded of travel appointment operation after the user finishes using the vehicle.
S120: and determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation.
For example, according to the travel reservation operation of the user on the remote control application, the travel time reserved by the user is determined to be 7 am in the next morning.
S130: and before the trip time, controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge so that the battery reaches a target temperature.
In one implementation, the vehicle is controlled to start charging at a target time before the travel time. For example, if the travel time reserved by the user is 7 am, the vehicle may be controlled to start charging one hour before 7 am, that is, at 6 am, so that the temperature of the battery gradually rises to the target temperature during the charging process. Wherein the target temperature is a temperature at which the battery has optimal performance.
It will be appreciated that in actual use, the vehicle will be in a chargeable condition. For example, after the user finishes using the vehicle, the user connects the charging gun with the charging interface of the vehicle battery to charge the vehicle battery. At this time, the vehicle battery starts to be charged until the charging is stopped after the target electric quantity. Subsequently, before the user's scheduled travel time, the vehicle battery is controlled to start charging again so that the battery reaches the target temperature.
Therefore, on one hand, the temperature of the vehicle battery can be ensured to be increased from a lower temperature to a target temperature with the best performance when the travel time reserved by the user is reached, and the driving experience of the user is improved, on the other hand, redundant heat energy of the vehicle battery can be used as a heat source of the air conditioning system, and the situation that the air conditioning system consumes too much electric energy when heating under a low-temperature working condition is avoided.
Therefore, according to the control method provided by the embodiment of the application, the travel appointment operation is received; determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation; and before the trip time, controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge so as to enable the battery to reach a target temperature, ensuring that the battery of the vehicle is at the temperature with the best performance when in use, reducing the consumption of the electric automobile thermal management system on the energy of the battery, and improving the endurance mileage of the vehicle.
The following describes a control method of various operation modes by taking the thermal management system of the electric vehicle in fig. 1 as an example.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery heating mode, the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is controlled to be communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a first cooling liquid loop; the first cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery heater branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor auxiliary battery cooling mode, the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is controlled to be communicated with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a second cooling liquid loop; the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump 14, a battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation manner, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted air-conditioning heating mode, the refrigerant circuit controlling the air-conditioning system at least comprises a first refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit controlling the battery system is communicated with the coolant circuit of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a third coolant circuit; the first refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an in-vehicle condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial pipe 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
Besides the first refrigerant loop, the refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system can be controlled to comprise an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an internal condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a second electronic expansion valve 12, an external heat exchanger 4, a third electromagnetic valve 13, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are communicated in sequence; and the electric compressor 1, the first electromagnetic valve 2, the internal condenser 5, the liquid storage dryer 6, the first coaxial tube 7, the thermostatic expansion valve 8, the internal evaporator 10, the second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted defrosting mode, the refrigerant circuit controlling the air conditioning system at least comprises a second refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit controlling the battery system is communicated with the coolant circuit of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a third coolant circuit; the second refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump 14, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current working mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a super fast-charging battery cooling mode, on the basis of the motor-assisted battery cooling mode, a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system is controlled to include an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an external heat exchanger 4, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, a battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, when the current operating mode of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle is an air-conditioning heating battery cooling mode, on the basis of the motor-assisted battery cooling mode, a refrigerant circuit controlling the air-conditioning system comprises an electric compressor 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, an internal condenser 5, a liquid storage dryer 6, a first coaxial pipe 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial pipe 26 and the electric compressor 1 which are sequentially communicated.
In one implementation, in the motor-assisted battery cooling mode, a refrigerant circuit controlling the air conditioning system includes an electric compressor 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3, an exterior heat exchanger 4, a receiver-drier 6, a first coaxial tube 7, a first electronic expansion valve 9, the battery cooler 11, a second coaxial tube 26, and the electric compressor 1, which are sequentially communicated. Controlling a cooling liquid loop of the battery system to be communicated with a cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through the first four-way valve 18 to form a second cooling liquid loop; the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump 14, a battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve 18 and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the control device 200 includes: a receiving module 210, a determining module 220, and a control module 230.
A receiving module 210, configured to receive a travel appointment operation; a determining module 220, configured to determine a travel time according to the travel appointment operation; and a control module 230, configured to control a battery in the thermal management system of the electric vehicle to charge before the trip time, so that the battery reaches a target temperature.
Therefore, the control device provided by the embodiment of the application receives travel appointment operation; determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation; and before the trip time, controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge so as to enable the battery to reach a target temperature, ensuring that the battery of the vehicle is at the temperature with the best performance when in use, reducing the consumption of the electric automobile thermal management system on the energy of the battery, and improving the endurance mileage of the vehicle.
The control device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device having an operating system. The operating system may be an Android (Android) operating system, an ios operating system, or other possible operating systems, and embodiments of the present application are not limited specifically.
The apparatus 200 according to the embodiment of the present application may refer to the flow corresponding to the method 100 of the embodiment of the present application, and each unit/module and the other operations and/or functions described above in the apparatus 200 are respectively for implementing the corresponding flow in the method 100 and achieving the same or equivalent technical effects, and for brevity, no further description is provided here.
The embodiment of the application further provides a vehicle, including aforementioned any embodiment electric automobile thermal management system, electric automobile thermal management system can be in the same place air conditioning system, battery system and the high integration of motor system, and the used heat in the make full use of system promotes the temperature regulation effect, realizes multiple temperature regulation function to reduce electric automobile thermal management system to the consumption of battery energy, improve the vehicle continuation of the journey mileage.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The electric automobile heat management system is characterized by comprising an air conditioning system, a battery system and a motor system, wherein a cooling liquid loop of the battery system exchanges heat with a refrigerant loop of the air conditioning system through a battery cooler, and the cooling liquid loop of the battery system is connected or disconnected with the cooling liquid loop of the motor system in series through a first four-way valve.
2. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the coolant loop of the electric machine system comprises a motor radiator branch and a bypass branch, the motor radiator branch comprises a first three-way valve, a motor radiator and the first four-way valve in sequential communication, and the bypass branch comprises the first three-way valve and the first four-way valve in sequential communication.
3. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein the coolant loop of the battery system comprises a battery cooler branch and a battery heater branch, the battery cooler branch comprises a second three-way valve, the battery cooler and a battery in sequential communication, and the battery heater branch comprises the second three-way valve, a battery heater and the battery in sequential communication.
4. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein when the current operating mode of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle is a motor-assisted battery heating mode, the coolant loop of the battery system is in series communication with the coolant loop of the motor system through the first four-way valve to form a first coolant loop;
the first cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery heater branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
5. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein when the current operating mode of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle is a motor-assisted battery cooling mode, the coolant loop of the battery system is in series communication with the coolant loop of the motor system through the first four-way valve to form a second coolant loop;
the second cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor radiator branch, a battery water pump, a battery cooler branch, a first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
6. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein when the current operating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system is a motor-assisted air-conditioning heating mode, the refrigerant circuit of the air-conditioning system comprises at least a first refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit of the battery system is connected in series with the coolant circuit of the motor system through the first four-way valve to form a third coolant circuit;
the first refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor, a first electromagnetic valve, an in-vehicle condenser, a liquid storage dryer, a first coaxial tube, a first electronic expansion valve, the battery cooler, a second coaxial tube and the electric compressor which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
7. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein when the current operating mode of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle is a motor-assisted defrost mode, the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning system comprises at least a second refrigerant circuit, and the coolant circuit of the battery system is in series communication with the coolant circuit of the motor system through the first four-way valve to form a third coolant circuit;
the second refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor, a second electromagnetic valve, an external heat exchanger, a liquid storage dryer, a first coaxial tube, a first electronic expansion valve, the battery cooler, a second coaxial tube and the electric compressor which are sequentially communicated; the third cooling liquid loop comprises a motor water pump, a motor, the bypass branch, a battery water pump, the battery cooler branch, the first four-way valve and the motor water pump which are sequentially communicated.
8. A control method applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
receiving travel appointment operation;
determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation;
and before the trip time, controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge so that the battery reaches a target temperature.
9. A control device applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the device comprising:
the receiving module is used for receiving travel appointment operation;
the determining module is used for determining the travel time according to the travel appointment operation;
and the control module is used for controlling a battery in the electric automobile thermal management system to charge before the trip time so as to enable the battery to reach a target temperature.
10. A vehicle comprising the electric vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 1-7.
CN202111163397.2A 2021-09-30 2021-09-30 Electric automobile thermal management system, control method and device and vehicle Pending CN113787938A (en)

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