CN113787204B

CN113787204B - Cubic boron nitride cutter with chip breaker

Info

Publication number: CN113787204B
Application number: CN202111034217.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余丽; 王珏; 林凤添; 林亮亮; 郑耀东; 黄树平
Original assignee: Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-03
Filing date: 2021-09-03
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-03
Also published as: CN113787204A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cubic boron nitride cutter with a chip breaker groove, which comprises a hard alloy matrix and a cubic boron nitride composite sheet; the cubic boron nitride composite sheet is fixed in the mounting groove of the hard alloy matrix; the upper surface and the side surface of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet intersect to form a cutting edge at the position corresponding to the corner; a chip breaker groove is arranged inwards on the cutting edge; the chip breaker groove is lower than the front cutter face, the chip breaker groove is provided with a chamfered region, a first-order slope chip breaker and a second-order slope chip breaker in sequence from the cutting edge to the front cutter face, and the chamfered region, the first-order slope chip breaker and the second-order slope chip breaker are all symmetrical structures relative to the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet. The invention can not only improve the removal rate of materials, but also effectively break chips, thereby reducing the phenomenon of production halt caused by chip winding or scratching of the surface of a processed tool, reducing the abrasion degree of the cutter, prolonging the service life of the cutter and realizing the reduction of comprehensive processing cost.

Description

Cubic boron nitride cutter with chip breaker

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a cubic boron nitride cutter with a chip breaker groove.

Background

At present, high-hardness steel materials are widely applied to industries such as automobiles, gears, bearings, machine tools and the like, and a flat welding cubic boron nitride cutter is generally adopted in the industry to process the high-hardness steel materials. Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN), a superhard material of hardness second to diamond, not only has many of the excellent properties of diamond, but also has greater thermal stability and chemical inertness to iron group metals and their alloys. Cubic boron nitride is extremely hard, with microhardness HV 7200-9800, lower than that of diamond. Like diamond, cubic boron nitride is an insulator but an excellent heat conductor. Boron nitride forms similar in structure to diamond, also called cubic boron nitride, c-BN, beta-BN, or z-BN (named as zincblende (Zinc blend) crystal structure), are widely used industrial abrasive tools. The cubic boron nitride cutter in the prior art is usually provided with a mounting groove at the corner of a polygonal hard alloy substrate, a flat plate type cubic boron nitride composite sheet is welded and fixed at the mounting groove of the hard alloy substrate, and a cutting edge formed by intersecting the upper surface and the side surface of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet is used for processing a high-hardness steel material, but the cubic boron nitride cutter has low metal removal rate, long cuttings can be generated because continuous cutting cannot break the cuttings, the long cuttings are easy to curl and wind the cutter, production halt is caused, and meanwhile, the cuttings can scratch the surface of a workpiece in the production process and influence the quality of the processed surface; on the other hand, when the cutting depth is large, the cutting chips cannot be effectively processed, and the cutting heat cannot be timely discharged, so that the abrasion of the cutter is accelerated, and the service life of the cutter is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a cubic boron nitride cutter with a chip breaker, which can improve the removal rate of materials and effectively break chips through structural improvement, thereby reducing the phenomenon of production halt caused by chip winding or surface scratch of a machined tool, reducing the abrasion degree of the cutter, prolonging the service life of the cutter and realizing the reduction of comprehensive machining cost.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a cubic boron nitride cutter with a chip breaker groove comprises a hard alloy matrix and a cubic boron nitride composite sheet, wherein the peripheral outline of the hard alloy matrix is in a polygonal shape; at least one corner position of the hard alloy substrate is provided with a notch-shaped installation groove, and the cubic boron nitride composite sheet is matched with the corner-shaped installation groove and is fixed in the installation groove; the upper surface of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet as a rake face intersects with the side surface as a flank face at a position corresponding to a corner part to form a cutting edge; a chip breaker groove is formed in the front cutter face inwards from the cutting edge and is positioned between the cutting edge and the front cutter face; the chip breaker is less than the rake face, and the chip breaker is equipped with chamfered edge region, first-order slope chip-breaking platform and second order slope chip-breaking platform by the cutting edge in proper order to the rake face direction, and chamfered edge region, first-order slope chip-breaking platform and second order slope chip-breaking platform homogeneous phase are symmetrical structure for the angular bisector of the bight of cubic boron nitride compound piece.

The chamfering area is lower than the first-order slope chip breaking platform, a chip breaking groove bottom plane is arranged at the top end of the chamfering area, and the first-order slope chip breaking platform is arranged on the chip breaking groove bottom plane; first-order slope chip-breaking platform is less than second order slope chip-breaking platform, the top of first-order slope chip-breaking platform is equipped with a platform face, second order slope chip-breaking platform is established on the chip-breaking groove bottom surface, the top of second order slope chip-breaking platform with the rake face meets.

The chamfering angle of the chamfering area is set to be 15-45 degrees; the vertical distance from the top end of the chamfering area to the rear cutter face is 0-0.2 mm. The chamfer angle is set within the range, so that the cutting scraps can be better treated, and meanwhile, the service life of the cutter can be prolonged. When the chamfering angle is less than 15 degrees, the cutter is worn quickly, and the service life of the cutter is poor; when the chamfer angle is greater than 45 °, the life of the tool is not significantly increased, and at the same time, the cutting resistance is increased and the chip temperature is increased. The vertical distance from the top of the chamfered region to the flank face, i.e., the chamfer width, is 0 to 0.2mm, and when the width exceeds 0.2mm, chips cannot flow into the groove shape, and all chips are cut by the chamfer, so that the chip breaker does not function.

The first-order slope chip breaking platform comprises five slope surfaces, wherein the five slope surfaces respectively comprise a first arc surface in the middle, first planes on two sides of the first arc surface and a second plane outside the first planes; the first arc surface is located on an angular bisector of a corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two first planes is connected to the two sides of the first arc surface, the other side of each of the two first planes is connected to one side of each of the two second planes, and the other sides of the two second planes are connected to the second-order slope chip breaking table.

The inclined angle between the inclined slope surface of the first-order slope chip breaking table and the horizontal plane is 15-45 degrees; the height from the top end of the first-order slope chip breaking platform to the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove is 0.08-0.15 mm.

The included angle of the projection of the two intersected first planes on the bottom plane of the chip breaker is 60-140 degrees, and the radius of the intersected arc is 0.05-0.4 mm.

The vertical distance from the bottom end of the second plane to the rear cutter face is 3-8 times of the vertical distance from the top end of the chamfered region to the rear cutter face; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the first-order slope chip breaker to the rear cutter face is 0.3-0.6 mm.

The second-order slope chip breaking table comprises three slope surfaces, and the three slope surfaces comprise a second arc surface in the middle and third planes on two sides of the second arc surface; the second arc surface is positioned on an angular bisector of a corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two third planes is connected to the two sides of the second arc surface, and the other side of each of the two third planes is connected to an inclined plane formed by the chamfered angle.

The included angle between the slope surface of the second-order slope chip breaking table and the horizontal plane is the same as the included angle between the slope surface of the first-order slope chip breaking table and the horizontal plane; the height from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaking platform to the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove is 0.2-0.3 mm.

The included angle of the projection of the intersection of the two third planes on the bottom plane of the chip breaker is 80-150 degrees, and the radius of the intersected arc is 0.2-1 mm; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaker to the rear cutter face is 0.6-1 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the chip breaker groove is arranged between the cutting edge and the front cutter face; and the chip breaker groove is lower than the front cutter face, and the chip breaker groove is equipped with chamfer region, first order slope chip breaker and second order slope chip breaker by the cutting edge in proper order to the front cutter face direction, and chamfer region, first order slope chip breaker and second order slope chip breaker are the symmetrical structure for the angular bisector of the bight of cubic boron nitride composite sheet, and the chamfer region is lower than first order slope chip breaker, and first order slope chip breaker is lower than second order slope chip breaker. The structure of the invention can not only improve the removal rate of materials, but also effectively break chips, thereby reducing the phenomenon of production shutdown or scratch on the surface of a processed tool caused by chip winding, reducing the abrasion degree of the cutter, prolonging the service life of the cutter and realizing the reduction of comprehensive processing cost.

The invention is further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments; however, the cubic boron nitride cutting tool with chip breakers of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of section A of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a corner structure of a cubic boron nitride compact of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 3.

In the figure: 1. a cemented carbide substrate; 11. a mounting groove of the hard alloy substrate; 2. a cubic boron nitride composite sheet; 3. a chip breaker groove; 4. a chamfered region; 5. a chip breaker floor plane; 6. a first-order slope chip breaking platform; 7. a first-order platform surface; 8. a second-order slope chip breaking table; 9. a rake face; 10. a rear cutter face; 12. a cutting edge.

Detailed Description

Examples

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the cubic boron nitride cutting tool with the chip breaker groove of the invention comprises a cemented carbide substrate 1 and a cubic boron nitride composite sheet 2, wherein the peripheral outline of the cemented carbide substrate is in a polygonal shape; in this embodiment, the cemented carbide substrate 1 is triangular and has three corners; notch-shaped mounting grooves 11 are formed in the positions of three corners of the hard alloy substrate 1, and the cubic boron nitride composite sheet 2 is matched with the corner-shaped mounting grooves 11 and fixed in the mounting grooves 11; three mounting grooves 11 of the hard alloy matrix 1 are respectively provided with a cubic boron nitride composite sheet 2; the upper surface of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet 2 as a rake face 9 and the side surface as a flank face 10 intersect at positions corresponding to corner portions to form a cutting edge 12; a chip breaker groove 3 is formed in the front cutter face 9 from the cutting edge 12 to the inside, and the chip breaker groove 3 is positioned between the cutting edge 12 and the front cutter face 9; chip breaker 3 is less than rake face 9, and chip breaker 3 is equipped with chamfered region 4, first-order slope chip-breaker 6 and second order slope chip-breaker 8 by cutting edge 12 in proper order to rake face 9 direction, and chamfered region 4, first-order slope chip-breaker 6 and second order slope chip-breaker 8 homogeneous phase are symmetrical structure for the angular bisector O of the bight of cubic boron nitride compound piece. Due to the provision of the chamfered area 4, the cutting edge 12 is lower in height than the rake face 9.

In this embodiment, the chamfering region 4 is lower than the first-order slope chip breaker 6, the top end of the chamfering region 4 is provided with a chip breaker bottom plane 5, and the first-order slope chip breaker 6 is arranged on the chip breaker bottom plane 5; first-order slope chip-breaking platform 6 is less than second order slope chip-breaking platform 8, the top of first-order slope chip-breaking platform 6 is equipped with a platform face 7, second order slope chip-breaking platform 7 is established on the chip breaker bed flat 5, second order slope chip-breaking platform 8's top with rake face 9 connects mutually.

In this embodiment, the chamfering angle α 1 of the chamfering zone 4 is set to 15 ° to 45 °; the vertical distance w1 from the top end of the chamfered region 4 to the flank face 10 is 0 to 0.2mm. The chamfer angle α 1 is set within this range, so that chips can be better processed while the tool life can be improved. When the chamfering angle alpha 1 is smaller than 15 degrees, the cutter is worn quickly, and the service life of the cutter is poor; when the chamfer angle α 1 is greater than 45 °, the life of the tool is not significantly improved, and at the same time, the cutting resistance is increased and the chip temperature is increased. The chamfer width w1, which is the vertical distance from the tip of the chamfer region 4 to the flank face 9, is 0 to 0.2mm, and when the width w1 exceeds 0.2mm, chips cannot flow into the groove shape, and all chips are cut by the chamfer, so that the chip breaker does not function.

In this embodiment, the first-order slope chip breaker 6 includes five slope surfaces, and the five slope surfaces respectively include a first arc surface 63 in the middle,

first planes

62 and 64 on two sides of the first arc surface 63, and

second planes

61 and 65 outside the

first planes

62 and 64; the first arc surface 63 is located on an angular bisector O of a corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two

first planes

62 and 64 is connected to two sides of the first arc surface 63, the other side of each of the two

first planes

62 and 64 is connected to one side of each of the two

second planes

61 and 65, and the other side of each of the two

second planes

61 and 65 is connected to the second-order slope chip breaking table 8.

In the embodiment, an included angle alpha 2 between the slope surface of the first-order slope chip breaker 6 and the horizontal plane is 15-45 degrees; the height h1 from the top end of the first-order slope chip breaker 6 to the bottom plane of the chip breaker groove is 0.08-0.15 mm.

In the embodiment, the included angle β 1 of the projection of the two

first planes

62 and 63 intersecting on the chip breaker bottom plane 5 is 60-140 °, and the intersecting arc radius R1 is 0.05-0.4 mm.

In the present embodiment, the vertical distance w4 from the bottom end of the

second plane

61, 65 to the flank 10 is 3 to 8 times the vertical distance from the top end of the chamfered region to the flank, that is, 3w1 to 8w1; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the first-order slope chip-breaker 6 to the rear cutter face, namely the width w2 of the first-order slope chip-breaker, is 0.3-0.6 mm.

In this embodiment, the second-order slope chip breaker 8 includes three slope surfaces, where the three slope surfaces include a second arc surface 82 in the middle and

third planes

81 and 83 on two sides of the second arc surface; the second arc surface 82 is located on an angular bisector of a corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two

third planes

81 and 83 is connected to two sides of the second arc surface 82, and the other side of each of the two

third planes

81 and 83 is connected to an inclined plane formed by a chamfered angle.

In this embodiment, an included angle α 3 between a slope surface of the second-order slope chip-breaker 8 and a horizontal plane is the same as an included angle α 2 between a slope surface of the first-order slope chip-breaker and a horizontal plane; the height h2 from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaking platform 8 to the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove is 0.2-0.3 mm.

In the embodiment, an included angle β 2 formed by the intersection of the two

third planes

81 and 83 on the plane of the chip breaker bottom is 80-150 °, and the radius R2 of the intersected arc is 0.2-1 mm; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaking platform 8 to the rear cutter face, namely the width w3 of the second-order slope chip breaking platform, is 0.6-1 mm.

The cubic boron nitride cutter with the chip breaker groove adopts the chip breaker groove 4 arranged between the cutting edge 12 and the front cutter face 9; just chip breaker groove 3 is less than rake face 9, and chip breaker groove 3 is equipped with chamfer region 4, first-order slope chip-breaker 6 and second order slope chip-breaker 8 to rake face direction in proper order by the cutting edge, and chamfer region 4, first-order slope chip-breaker 6 and second order slope chip-breaker 8 are symmetrical structure for the angular bisector of the bight of the compound piece of cubic boron nitride, and chamfer region 4 is less than first-order slope chip-breaker 6, and first-order slope chip-breaker 6 is less than second order slope chip-breaker 8. The structure of the invention can not only improve the removal rate of materials, but also effectively break chips, thereby reducing the phenomenon of production shutdown or scratch on the surface of a processed tool caused by chip winding, reducing the abrasion degree of the cutter, prolonging the service life of the cutter and realizing the reduction of comprehensive processing cost.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cubic boron nitride cutter with a chip breaker groove comprises a hard alloy matrix and a cubic boron nitride composite sheet, wherein the peripheral outline of the hard alloy matrix is in a polygonal shape; at least one corner position of the hard alloy substrate is provided with a notch-shaped installation groove, and the cubic boron nitride composite sheet is matched with the corner-shaped installation groove and is fixed in the installation groove; the upper surface of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet as a rake face intersects with the side surface as a flank face at a position corresponding to a corner part to form a cutting edge; the method is characterized in that: a chip breaker groove is formed in the front cutter face inwards from the cutting edge and is positioned between the cutting edge and the front cutter face; the chip breaker is lower than the front cutter face, the chip breaker is sequentially provided with a chamfering area, a first-order slope chip breaker and a second-order slope chip breaker from the cutting edge to the front cutter face, and the chamfering area, the first-order slope chip breaker and the second-order slope chip breaker are symmetrical structures relative to the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet; the chamfering area is lower than the first-order slope chip breaking platform, a chip breaking groove bottom plane is arranged at the top end of the chamfering area, and the first-order slope chip breaking platform is arranged on the chip breaking groove bottom plane; the first-order slope chip breaking platform is lower than the second-order slope chip breaking platform, a first-order platform surface is arranged at the top end of the first-order slope chip breaking platform, the second-order slope chip breaking platform is arranged on the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove, and the top end of the second-order slope chip breaking platform is connected with the front cutter surface; the chamfering angle of the chamfering area is set to be 15-45 degrees; the vertical distance from the top end of the chamfering area to the rear cutter face is 0-0.2 mm; the first-order slope chip breaking platform comprises five slope surfaces, wherein the five slope surfaces respectively comprise a first arc surface in the middle, first planes on two sides of the first arc surface and a second plane outside the first planes; the first arc surface is located on the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two first planes is connected to the two sides of the first arc surface, the other side of each of the two first planes is connected to one side of each of the two second planes, and the other sides of the two second planes are connected to the second-order slope chip breaking table.

2. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride tool of claim 1 wherein: the inclined angle between the inclined surface of the first-order inclined chip breaking table and the horizontal plane is 15-45 degrees; the height from the top end of the first-order slope chip breaking platform to the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove is 0.08-0.15 mm.

3. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride tool of claim 1 wherein: the included angle of the projection of the two intersected first planes on the bottom plane of the chip breaker is 60-140 degrees, and the radius of the intersected arc is 0.05-0.4 mm.

4. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride tool of claim 1 wherein: the vertical distance from the bottom end of the second plane to the rear cutter face is 3-8 times of the vertical distance from the top end of the chamfered region to the rear cutter face; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the first-order slope chip breaker to the rear cutter face is 0.3-0.6 mm.

5. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride tool of claim 1 wherein: the second-order slope chip breaking table comprises three slope surfaces, and the three slope surfaces comprise a second arc surface in the middle and third planes on two sides of the second arc surface; the second arc surface is positioned on an angular bisector of a corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, one side of each of the two third planes is connected to the two sides of the second arc surface, and the other side of each of the two third planes is connected to an inclined plane formed by the chamfered angle.

6. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride cutter of claim 5, wherein: the included angle between the slope surface of the second-order slope chip breaking table and the horizontal plane is the same as the included angle between the slope surface of the first-order slope chip breaking table and the horizontal plane; the height from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaking platform to the bottom plane of the chip breaking groove is 0.2-0.3 mm.

7. The chip breaker cubic boron nitride tool of claim 5 wherein: the included angle of the projection of the intersection of the two third planes on the bottom plane of the chip breaker is 80-150 degrees, and the radius of the intersected arc is 0.2-1 mm; and along the angular bisector of the corner of the cubic boron nitride composite sheet, the vertical distance from the top end of the second-order slope chip breaker to the rear cutter face is 0.6-1 mm.