CN113786526A

CN113786526A - Hemodialysis device for hematology department

Info

Publication number: CN113786526A
Application number: CN202111083259.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-16
Filing date: 2021-09-16
Publication date: 2021-12-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dialysis device for hematology department; the dialysis kit comprises a dialysis kit, a fiber tube and a detection assembly, wherein the dialysis kit is in a rectangular box shape, the interior of the dialysis kit is sequentially divided into a blood inlet cavity, a purification cavity and a blood outlet cavity which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity and the blood outlet cavity are communicated through a group of fiber tubes, the fiber tubes are in a zigzag shape or a spiral shape in the purification cavity, the fiber tubes are arranged in the purification cavity in an equidistant linear array mode, the detection assembly comprises an optical monitoring assembly and an electrical monitoring assembly, the optical detection assembly comprises an LED lamp panel and cameras, the LED lamp panel is inserted in a panel groove, the dialysis kit is provided with a group of cameras on the outer side wall opposite to the outer side wall where the LED lamp panel is located, and the electrical monitoring assembly is a group of electrode plates uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the dialysis kit; the invention can effectively solve the problems of poor filtering effect and poor safety in the prior art.

Description

Hemodialysis device for hematology department

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a dialysis device for hematology department.

Background

At present, a hemodialyzer, a hemodiafiltration device, a hemofilter, a plasma separator and the like mostly adopt hollow fiber tube-type dialyzers, which adopt tens of thousands of parallel membrane filaments or membrane bundles containing yarns, and are parallelly filled in a Polycarbonate (PC) or polypropylene (PP) shell, then both ends of the membrane bundles are fixed by polyurethane glue and the like, after the polyurethane glue is solidified, both ends are cut to be smooth, then a sealing ring is added, an end cover is screwed, and a complete dialyzer is assembled; due to the problems in the aspects of product design and the like, when the membrane wires are produced, microwave waves or yarns are required to be added, so that dialysate can more uniformly permeate into the membrane wires, and the flow is more uniform, so that the channel phenomenon is avoided, and the efficiency of a dialyzer is improved.

Disclose a cerini dialyser cerini and dialysis device in application number 2018218167559, it includes filter medium and cerini dialyser cerini casing, filter medium sets up in the cerini dialyser cerini casing, and the crooked extension of axis direction along the cerini dialyser cerini casing, it has solved the technical problem that the cerini dialyser cerini active membrane area is difficult to improve, filter medium's length dimension in certain volume has been increased, the purpose that improves the active membrane area has been reached, be fixed in cerini dialyser cerini casing mode relative ratio with the parallel, in the same cerini dialyser cerini casing, the active membrane area has been increased, the performance of cerini dialyser cerini has been promoted.

However, the above device still has the following disadvantages in the practical application process:

first, the filter effect is not good, and the pipe volume is definite for wherein the length of fibre pipe is limited, and then can't promote the effective area of contact of fibre pipe, and the convection current effect of the inside dislysate of dialysis box is relatively poor.

Secondly, the safety is not good, because the fiber tube may generate the phenomenon of membrane rupture due to the excessive local pressure during the dialysis process, so that the dialysate can enter the blood circulation path and then enter the human body to cause danger, and the device in the above-mentioned comparison document cannot effectively cope with the membrane rupture condition of the fiber tube.

The above technical problems need to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the prior art, and the problems set forth in the background above.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a hemodialysis device for hematology department comprises a dialysis box, a fiber tube and a detection component;

the dialysis box is rectangular, the inside of the dialysis box is sequentially divided into a blood inlet cavity, a purification cavity and a bleeding cavity which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity and the bleeding cavity are communicated through a group of fiber tubes, the fiber tubes are in a zigzag shape or a spiral shape in the purification cavity, the fiber tubes are arranged in the purification cavity in an equidistant linear array mode, the top end and the bottom end of the dialysis box are respectively provided with a blood inlet tube and a blood outlet tube which are communicated with the blood inlet cavity and the bleeding cavity, a tube body of the dialysis box close to the top end of the dialysis box is provided with a liquid outlet assembly which is communicated with the purification cavity, a tube body of the dialysis box close to the bottom end of the dialysis box is also provided with a liquid inlet assembly which is communicated with the purification cavity, two adjacent outer side walls and only two outer side walls of the dialysis box are respectively provided with a side plate, and the side walls at the top ends of the side plates are respectively provided with a plate groove in an inward concave manner;

the detection assembly comprises an optical monitoring assembly and an electrical monitoring assembly;

the optical detection assembly comprises LED lamp panels and cameras, the LED lamp panels are inserted in the plate grooves, and the outer side walls of the dialysis boxes opposite to the outer side wall where the LED lamp panels are located are provided with a group of cameras;

the electrical monitoring component is a group of electrode plates which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the dialysis box;

the camera and the electrode plate are electrically connected with an external computer through wires.

Furthermore, the dialysis box and the side plate are both made of non-toxic transparent hard materials.

Furthermore, the top of the dialysis box is symmetrically provided with a pair of mounting rings.

Furthermore, luer connectors are arranged on the blood inlet pipe and the blood outlet pipe.

Furthermore, a group of flow stopping ring bodies are arranged on the tube wall inside the fiber tube and are used for enabling blood in the fiber tube to flow in a single direction.

Furthermore, the liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the dialysis box, the liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly respectively comprise a branch pipe and a blind pipe, the branches which are symmetrical on the blind pipe are respectively provided with a group of branch pipes, the branch pipes are respectively arranged on the dialysis box and communicated with the purification cavity, and the blind pipes are respectively provided with a luer connector.

Furthermore, the cameras are detachably mounted on corresponding mounting seats of the dialysis box, and the electrode plates are fixed in grooves matched with the electrode plates on the inner wall of the purification cavity.

Still further, all set up the logical groove with the LED lamp plate on the lateral wall of curb plate outer end, it has the semiconductor refrigeration piece to lead to the equal joint in the groove, the cold junction of semiconductor refrigeration piece and the back contact of LED lamp plate, the semiconductor refrigeration piece all is connected through wire and external power source electricity.

Furthermore, the light emitted by the LED lamp panel is in a cold color range.

Furthermore, the body of the dialysis box at the purification cavity is provided with a vacuum heat insulation layer, and the blood inlet cavity and the blood outlet cavity are funnel-shaped with wide top and narrow bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that,

1. according to the invention, by adding the dialysis box and the fiber tube, the interior of the dialysis box is sequentially divided into the blood inlet cavity, the purification cavity and the bleeding cavity which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity and the bleeding cavity are communicated through a group of fiber tubes, and the fiber tubes are in a zigzag or spiral design in the purification cavity. Therefore, the length of the fiber tube can be improved as much as possible on the premise that the size of the dialysis box is not changed, namely the filtering capacity of the fiber tube is improved in single blood circulation. The product of the invention has stronger filtering capability to blood poisoning elements.

2. According to the invention, by adding a dialysis box, a fiber tube and a detection component, the dialysis box is in a rectangular box shape, the interior of the dialysis box is sequentially divided into a blood inlet cavity, a purification cavity and a blood outlet cavity which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity and the blood outlet cavity are communicated through a group of fiber tubes, the fiber tubes are arranged in the purification cavity in an equidistant linear array mode, the detection component comprises an optical monitoring component and an electrical monitoring component, the optical detection component comprises an LED lamp plate and a camera, the LED lamp plate is inserted into a plate groove, the dialysis box is provided with a group of cameras on the outer side wall opposite to the outer side wall where the LED lamp plate is located, and the electrical monitoring component is designed into a group of electrode plates which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the dialysis box. Therefore, an external computer can monitor the state of the fiber tube in the dialysis box in real time through the camera, and analyze the color change of each area in the image through a special algorithm, once the color of a certain point on the image is deepened, the fiber tube can be judged to be damaged; in addition, whether the impedance of the dialysate in the dialysis box is abnormally changed can be monitored by an external computer in real time through the electrode plates, so that whether membrane rupture occurs in the fiber tube or not is judged (when membrane rupture occurs, blood in the fiber tube can enter the dialysate, and protein macromolecules contained in the blood can cause abnormal rise of the impedance of local dialysate). The effect of effectively improving the safety of the product in the actual use process is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of the present invention from a first perspective;

FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded view of the present invention from a third perspective;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a dialysis cassette of the present invention shown partially cut away and separated from its internal fiber tubing at a fourth viewing angle;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fiber tube portion from a sixth perspective of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 4;

the reference numerals in the drawings denote:

1-a dialysis cartridge; 2-a fiber tube; 3-entering a blood cavity; 4-a purification cavity; 5-bleeding cavity; 6-entering blood vessels; 7-blood vessel outlet; 8-side plate; 9-plate groove; 10-LED lamp panel; 11-a camera; 12-electrode slice; 13-a mounting ring; 14-luer fitting; 15-a flow stop ring body; 16-branch pipe; 17-a blind pipe; 18-a mounting seat; 19-a groove; 20-through grooves; 21-semiconductor refrigerating sheet; 22-vacuum insulation layer.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.

Examples

The hemodialysis apparatus provided in this embodiment is a hemodialysis apparatus, and referring to fig. 1 to 6: comprises a dialysis box 1, a fiber tube 2 and a detection component.

The dialysis box 1 is a rectangular box body, the inside of the dialysis box 1 is divided into a blood inlet cavity 3, a purification cavity 4 and a bleeding cavity 5 which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity 3 and the bleeding cavity 5 are communicated through a group of fiber tubes 2, and the fibre pipe 2 is zigzag form or heliciform in purifying chamber 4, and fibre pipe 2 is equidistant linear array's mode in purifying chamber 4 and arranges, dialysis box 1's top, the bottom is equipped with respectively leads into blood chamber 3, go into blood chamber 5's income blood vessel 6, go out blood vessel 7, dialysis box 1 is equipped with the play liquid subassembly that switches on purifying chamber 4 on being close to the body on its top, dialysis box 1 still is equipped with the income liquid subassembly that switches on purifying chamber 4 on being close to the body of its bottom, all be equipped with curb plate 8 on two and only two lateral walls that dialysis box 1 is adjacent, all inwards sunken formula ground has been seted up on the lateral wall on 8 tops of curb plate 9.

Dialysis box 1 and curb plate 8 all adopt nontoxic transparent hard material to make, and in this embodiment, dialysis box 1 and curb plate 8 all adopt the PVC material that accords with medical standard to make.

The dialysis cassette 1 is provided with a pair of mounting rings 13 at the top thereof symmetrically, so that the doctor can fix the dialysis cassette 1 at a designated position stably and reliably.

The blood inlet pipe 6 and the blood outlet pipe 7 are respectively provided with a luer connector 14, and the luer connectors 14 have the advantages of convenience in implementation, effectiveness in installation and the like.

The pipe wall of the interior of the fiber pipe 2 is provided with a group of flow stopping ring bodies 15, and the flow stopping ring bodies 15 can be of a one-way valve structure, so that blood in the fiber pipe 2 can only flow in a one-way mode, and when the fiber pipe 2 breaks membranes, dialysate cannot pollute more blood against the flowing direction of the blood in the fiber pipe 2. Another significant improvement of the present device is the provision of the annulus 15.

Specifically, the flow stopping ring body 15 can be as shown in fig. 5, the flow stopping ring body 15 is in a horn shape, and the longitudinal sectional area of the internal flow passage thereof is gradually reduced along the direction from the input end to the output end; at this time, the working principle of the check ring body 15 is as follows: the flow stop ring body 15 forms an obstacle with the same angle in the direction from the input end to the output end in the fiber tube 2, so that the fluid is convergent as it flows from the input end to the output end of the fibre tube 2, and divergent as it flows from the output end to the input end of the fibre tube 2, whereas convergent and divergent flows have quite different physical characteristics, with a decreasing contact area, the velocity of the convergent flow increases, this acceleration means a decrease in pressure in the direction of flow, the opposite is true for divergent flow, where the pressure increases in the flow direction, and this pressure rise is referred to as an adverse pressure gradient, which is referred to as an adverse condition because as the pressure increases in the flow direction, the flow velocity of the fluid micelles decreases and a backflow is formed after a distance of flow, which further causes turbulence and energy loss, in short, divergent flow is difficult to maintain, and is much more likely to be experienced by convergent-divergent flow than convergent-divergent flow.

Furthermore, due to the arrangement of the flow stop rings 15, when the fluid flows in the fiber tube 2 in the opposite direction, the fluid is divided into two parts (main flow and branch flow) based on the divergent flow, and then the branch flow is turned by about 180 degrees to be mixed with the main flow again, which process is similar to the process that two jets are mixed face to cause vortex flow and energy loss, and the mixing enables the design to provide more obstruction than the pure divergent flow design, and the process is repeated at each pair of adjacent two flow stop rings 15, whereas the fluid flowing from the input end to the output end of the fiber tube 2 can easily flow through the fiber tube with little obstruction.

The number of the flow stopping rings 15 can be determined as desired, with a group of flow stopping rings 15 arranged in series. The flow stop ring 15 may be arranged in a certain section of the fibre tube 2 or in the entire area. For example, the flow stop ring 15 may be disposed every 2 mm on the inner wall of the fiber tube 2, and in this embodiment, the distribution area of the flow stop ring 15 is the inner wall of the entire fiber tube 2.

The liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the dialysis tube 1, the liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly respectively comprise a branch tube 16 and a blind tube 17, the blind tube 17 is symmetrically provided with a group of branch tubes 16, and the branch tubes 16 are respectively arranged on the dialysis tube 1 and communicated with the purification cavity 4.

The liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the dialysis box 1, the liquid inlet assembly and the liquid outlet assembly respectively comprise a branch pipe 16 and a blind pipe 17, the blind pipe 17 is symmetrically provided with a group of branch pipes 16, and the branch pipes 16 are respectively arranged on the dialysis box 1 and communicated with the purification cavity 4. Luer connectors 14 are arranged on the blind pipes 17.

The detection assembly includes an optical monitoring assembly and an electrical monitoring assembly.

Optical detection subassembly includes LED lamp plate 10 and camera 11, has all pegged graft in the board groove 9 and has had LED lamp plate 10, dialyses box 1 and all is equipped with a set of camera 11 on the relative lateral wall of LED lamp plate 10 place lateral wall.

The electrical monitoring component is a group (the number can be 6-12) of electrode plates 12 which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall (the inner wall of the side where the side plate 8 is not arranged) of the dialysis box 1.

The camera 11 and the electrode plate 12 are electrically connected with an external computer through leads, the camera 11 is detachably arranged on a corresponding mounting seat 18 of the dialysis box 1, and the electrode plate 12 is fixed in a groove 19 matched with the inner wall of the purification cavity 4.

Through grooves 20 which are connected with the LED lamp panel 10 are formed in the side walls of the outer ends of the side plates 8, semiconductor refrigerating pieces 21 are clamped in the through grooves 20, the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerating pieces 21 are in contact with the back face of the LED lamp panel 10, and the semiconductor refrigerating pieces 21 are electrically connected with an external power supply through wires; this is because the LED lamp panel 10 can generate more heat during operation, but it is harmful to let these heats the dialysate in the dialysis box 1, so it is necessary to perform accurate, effective, stable and fast heat dissipation (which is not provided by the ordinary fan) to the LED lamp panel 10 through the semiconductor refrigeration piece 21, and at the same time, in order to remove the heat at the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration piece 21, the device needs to be in the environment of air circulation (or a heat dissipation fan is provided beside the dialysis box 1) during practical application.

The light emitted by the LED lamp panel 10 is in a cold color domain, because the cold light has the advantages of good color rendering, small light attenuation, high lighting effect, and the like; in addition, in the practical application process, in order to make the picture photographed by the camera 11 have a stronger contrast, the LED lamp panel 10 emits light with a color of green, because the red color and the green color of blood are opposite to each other, the rupture point on the fiber tube 2 can be found more easily.

The body that dialysis box 1 is in purification chamber 4 department has seted up vacuum insulation layer 22, can prevent like this that the heat that the during operation of LED lamp plate 10 produced from arousing dialysis solution in dialysis box 1 change in the temperature to arouse blood change in the fibre tube 2 in the temperature, thereby macromolecule such as protein in the further protection blood can not receive too high heat and produce irreversible denaturation.

The blood inlet cavity 3 and the blood outlet cavity 5 are funnel-shaped with wide upper part and narrow lower part, so that the processes that blood enters the fiber tube 2 through the blood inlet cavity 3 and flows out through the blood outlet cavity 5 are smooth and smooth, namely, the blood inlet cavity 3 and the blood outlet cavity 5 have no dead angle and can be used for retaining and blocking blood.

The working principle is as follows:

firstly, the dialysis box 1 is rectangular box-shaped, and the fiber tubes 2 are arranged in the dialysis box 1 in an equidistant linear array mode, so that the cameras 11 on two adjacent sides can be matched, and the states of all the fiber tubes 2 in the dialysis box 1 can be shot, so that a computer can automatically process and monitor pictures shot by all the cameras through a special algorithm, namely, whether a point with abnormally deepened color exists on a monitoring image or not and whether the color of an area where the point is located is gradually deepened or not, if so, the computer judges that the fiber tubes 2 are subjected to a membrane rupture phenomenon, immediately instructs the dialyzer to stop dialysis and close valves at two ends of the dialysis box 1, and simultaneously gives an alarm to a doctor.

In addition, when the rupture of membranes takes place for the fibre membrane, can have partial blood to get into the dislysate among the fibre tube 2, because contain a large amount of protein macromolecules in the blood, this impedance that can make rupture of membranes point place region changes greatly, consequently can be through the impedance change range of each region in the monitoring dislysate to whether detect fibre tube 2 and take place rupture of membranes phenomenon.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis device for hematology, characterized in that: comprises a dialysis box (1), a fiber tube (2) and a detection component;

the dialysis box (1) is in a rectangular box shape, the inside of the dialysis box (1) is divided into a blood inlet cavity (3), a purification cavity (4) and a bleeding cavity (5) which are mutually isolated from top to bottom in sequence in the vertical direction, the blood inlet cavity (3) and the bleeding cavity (5) are communicated through a group of fiber tubes (2), the fiber tubes (2) are in a folded line shape or a spiral shape in the purification cavity (4), the fiber tubes (2) are arranged in the purification cavity (4) in an equidistant linear array mode, the top end and the bottom end of the dialysis box (1) are respectively provided with a blood inlet tube (6) and a blood outlet tube (7) which are communicated with the blood inlet cavity (3) and the bleeding cavity (5), the dialysis box (1) is provided with a liquid outlet assembly which is communicated with the purification cavity (4) on the tube body close to the top end of the dialysis box (1), and the liquid inlet assembly which is communicated with the purification cavity (4) is arranged on the tube body close to the bottom end of the dialysis box (1), two adjacent outer side walls of the dialysis boxes (1) are provided with side plates (8), and the side walls at the top ends of the side plates (8) are provided with plate grooves (9) in an inwards-recessed manner;

the optical detection assembly comprises an LED lamp panel (10) and cameras (11), the LED lamp panel (10) is inserted in the plate groove (9), and the dialysis box (1) is provided with a group of cameras (11) on the outer side wall opposite to the outer side wall where the LED lamp panel (10) is located;

the electrical monitoring component is a group of electrode plates (12) which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the dialysis box (1);

the camera (11) and the electrode plate (12) are electrically connected with an external computer through wires.

2. A hemodialysis unit according to claim 1, wherein the dialysis cartridge (1) and the side plate (8) are made of non-toxic transparent hard material.

3. A hemodialysis device in blood department according to claim 1, wherein a pair of mounting rings (13) is symmetrically arranged on the top of the dialysis cartridge (1).

4. A hemodialysis device in blood department according to claim 1, wherein luer connectors (14) are provided on the blood inlet tube (6) and the blood outlet tube (7).

5. A hemodialysis device for blood department according to claim 1, wherein a set of check rings (15) are installed on the inner wall of the fiber tube (2), the check rings (15) are used to make the blood in the fiber tube (2) flow in one direction.

6. The hemodialysis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet assemblies are disposed on two opposite side walls of the dialysis cassette (1), and each of the inlet and outlet assemblies comprises a branch tube (16) and a blind tube (17), the blind tube (17) is symmetrically branched to form a set of branch tubes (16), the branch tubes (16) are disposed on the dialysis cassette (1) and communicated with the purification chamber (4), and the blind tubes (17) are each provided with a luer connector (14).

7. A hemodialysis device for hematology department according to claim 1, wherein the cameras (11) are all detachably installed on the corresponding installation seats (18) of the dialysis cartridge (1), and the electrode sheets (12) are fixed in the grooves (19) matched with the inner walls of the purification chamber (4).

8. The hemodialysis device of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the outer end of the side plate (8) is provided with a through groove (20) for the LED lamp panel (10), the through groove (20) is provided with a semiconductor refrigeration sheet (21) in a clamping manner, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (21) is in contact with the back surface of the LED lamp panel (10), and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet (21) is electrically connected with an external power supply through a wire.

9. The hemodialysis device of claim 8, wherein the LED lamp panel (10) emits light in a cold color range.

10. The hemodialysis device of claim 1, wherein the tube of the dialysis cassette (1) at the purification chamber (4) is provided with a vacuum insulation layer (22), and the blood inlet chamber (3) and the blood outlet chamber (5) are funnel-shaped with a wide top and a narrow bottom.