CN113784421A - Channel recording method, device, medium and terminal based on 5G operation signal - Google Patents

Channel recording method, device, medium and terminal based on 5G operation signal Download PDF

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CN113784421A
CN113784421A CN202111319053.6A CN202111319053A CN113784421A CN 113784421 A CN113784421 A CN 113784421A CN 202111319053 A CN202111319053 A CN 202111319053A CN 113784421 A CN113784421 A CN 113784421A
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channel
physical downlink
demodulation reference
signal
downlink control
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CN113784421B (en
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熊磊
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0073—Acquisition of primary synchronisation channel, e.g. detection of cell-ID within cell-ID group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0076—Acquisition of secondary synchronisation channel, e.g. detection of cell-ID group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0079—Acquisition of downlink reference signals, e.g. detection of cell-ID
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Abstract

The invention discloses a channel recording method, a device, a medium and a terminal based on 5G operation signals. The channel recording method comprises the following steps: searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal; acquiring a main synchronous signal and an auxiliary synchronous signal from a synchronous signal block, and determining the frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel; blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to realize half frame synchronization; decoding a physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization; monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information; and obtaining a demodulation reference signal in a physical downlink shared channel and carrying out channel estimation to obtain channel information. The invention directly records the 5G operation signal without transmitting a detection signal, and does not interfere the normal operation of the 5G communication network.

Description

Channel recording method, device, medium and terminal based on 5G operation signal
Technical Field
The invention relates to a channel recording method based on 5G operation signals, and also relates to a corresponding channel recording device, a computer readable storage medium and a user terminal, belonging to the technical field of mobile communication.
Background
Channel recording, also called Channel measurement or Channel sounding, is based on the principle that a transmitter transmits a known training signal, a receiver stores the received signal, and estimates radio Channel information from the known transmitted signal to determine a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) or a Channel frequency domain Response. The transmitter and the receiver for channel measurement constitute a channel measurement system.
5G is used as a new generation mobile communication network, a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) are bound to construct a completely new SS/PBCH, and 5 SS/PBCH block modes are defined according to different subcarrier intervals and carrier frequencies to specify the time for transmitting the SS/PBCH block by a base station, so that the efficiency of establishing communication between user equipment and the base station is improved. However, in the prior art, a sounding signal needs to be transmitted by itself for channel recording, and since the sounding signal and an actual operating signal are in the same frequency band, interference is easily generated on the actual operating signal of a surrounding cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a channel recording method based on 5G operation signals.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a channel recording apparatus based on 5G operation signals.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementing the channel recording method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a channel recording method based on a 5G operation signal, applied to a user terminal, including:
searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
acquiring a main synchronization signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
determining the frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier;
blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of a synchronous signal block and field information, and realizing field synchronization;
decoding the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization, wherein the system message comprises: a PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of the demodulation reference signal;
monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
acquiring a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
Preferably, before demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain the physical cell identifier, the method further includes:
performing cross-correlation detection on the main synchronization signal in the time domain to realize time domain synchronization and obtain the identifier in the first cell group
Figure 610807DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
Performing cross-correlation detection on the auxiliary synchronization signal according to the main synchronization signal in the frequency domain to realize frequency domain synchronization and obtain the identifier in the second cell group
Figure 528079DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
Determining a physical cell identity, PCI, based on the following formula:
Figure 949833DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
preferably, the monitoring a search space of the PDCCH-configSIB1 to decode the PDCCH includes:
determining the number of continuous resource blocks in a frequency domain and the number of continuous symbols in a time domain of a physical downlink control channel according to the high-order preset number bit information of the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
determining the monitoring time of a physical downlink control channel search space according to the low-order preset number bit information of the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
and monitoring the search space of the physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel according to the monitoring opportunity of the search space of the physical downlink control channel, the number of the continuous resource blocks in the frequency domain of the physical downlink control channel and the number of the continuous symbols in the time domain.
Preferably, the performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain channel information includes:
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel impulse response.
Preferably, the performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain channel information includes:
performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel impulse response;
and obtaining channel information including the power delay spectrum and Doppler spread of the channel according to the channel impulse response.
Preferably, the performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain a channel impulse response includes:
the channel frequency domain response estimation value of the least square algorithm is obtained according to the following formula:
Figure 278046DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
wherein X represents a transmission signal, Y represents a reception signal, andY＝XH＋Zz represents noise, H represents channel frequency domain response,
Figure 418040DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
which represents the transpose of the conjugate,
Figure 141932DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is the output signal that is estimated to be,
Figure 683772DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is an estimate of the channel frequency domain response H;
by channel frequency domain estimation
Figure 182887DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
And performing IFFT transformation to obtain channel impulse response.
Preferably, after obtaining the power delay profile of the channel, the method further includes:
and performing peak detection on the power delay spectrum according to an input threshold value, and extracting multipath parameters.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a channel recording apparatus based on 5G operation signals, which is disposed on a user terminal, and includes:
the synchronization signal block searching module is used for searching and acquiring the synchronization signal block from the intercepted 5G operation signal;
a synchronization signal obtaining module, configured to obtain a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
a physical cell identifier determining module, configured to demodulate the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
a physical broadcast channel decoding module, configured to determine a frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier; blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of the synchronous signal block and the field information, and realizing field synchronization;
a system message determining module, configured to decode the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to implement frame synchronization, where the system message includes: PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of demodulation reference signals;
a monitoring search module, configured to monitor a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
a downlink control information decoding module, configured to perform blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, where the downlink control information includes time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
a physical downlink shared channel decoding module, configured to obtain a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and the channel estimation module is used for carrying out channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the channel recording method described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a user terminal, including:
a transceiver;
a memory; and
a processor communicatively coupled with the transceiver and the memory, the processor configured to:
searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
acquiring a main synchronization signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
determining the frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier;
blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of the synchronous signal block and the field information, and realizing field synchronization;
decoding the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization, wherein the system message comprises: PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of demodulation reference signals;
monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
acquiring a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
Compared with the prior art, the channel recording method provided by the invention uses the main synchronous signal and the auxiliary synchronous signal in the 5G operation signal and the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel to carry out cell search to obtain the 5G operation signal, and uses the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel of the 5G operation signal as the measurement signal to carry out channel recording and parameter extraction. Therefore, the invention can directly utilize the 5G operation signal to record the channel without additionally transmitting the channel detection signal, and does not interfere the normal operation of the 5G communication network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a channel recording method based on a 5G operation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a time-frequency structure diagram of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of cell search according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating multipath parameter extraction, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a channel recording apparatus based on 5G operation signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In different embodiments of the present invention, a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in a 5G operation signal and a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) in a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) are used as measurement signals to perform channel recording and parameter extraction. This is explained in more detail below:
< first embodiment >
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a channel recording method based on a 5G operation signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method is applied to a user terminal, and at least includes the following steps:
s101 searching and acquiring a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) from the monitored 5G operation signal;
s102, acquiring a main synchronous signal and an auxiliary synchronous signal from an SSB;
s103, demodulating the PSS and the SSS to obtain a Physical Cell Identity (PCI);
s104, determining the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal of the PBCH according to the Physical Cell Identity (PCI); blind decoding the DM-RS in the PBCH according to the frequency domain position of the DM-RS to obtain the position index of a synchronization signal block and field information, thereby realizing field synchronization;
s105, decoding a PBCH acquisition system Message (MIB) to realize frame synchronization, wherein the MIB comprises: a PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of DM-RS Type A;
s106, monitoring a search space of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the PDCCH;
s107, blind detection is carried out in the physical downlink control channel to obtain Downlink Control Information (DCI), and the DCI prescribes time-frequency resource information of a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH);
s108, obtaining a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) in a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) according to time-frequency resource information of the PDSCH and position information of DM-RS Type A;
and S109, performing channel estimation according to the DM-RS in the PDSCH to obtain channel information.
In some embodiments, before demodulating the PSS and the SSS in step S103 and obtaining the physical cell identifier, the method may further include the following steps:
performing cross-correlation detection on the PSS in the time domain, obtaining time domain synchronization, and obtaining an identifier in the first cell group
Figure 810177DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
；
Performing cross-correlation detection on the SSS according to the PSS in the frequency domain, obtaining frequency domain synchronization, and obtaining identification in the second cell group
Figure 803672DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
；
Determining a Physical Cell Identity (PCI) based on the following formula:
Figure 200018DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
。
in some embodiments, step S106 may include the steps of:
determining the number of continuous resource blocks in a frequency domain and the number of continuous symbols in a time domain of a physical downlink control channel according to the high-order preset number bit information of a PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
determining the monitoring time of a physical downlink control channel search space according to the low-order preset number bit information of the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
and monitoring the search space of the physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel according to the monitoring opportunity of the search space of the physical downlink control channel, the number of continuous resource blocks in the frequency domain of the physical downlink control channel and the number of continuous symbols in the time domain.
In some embodiments, the performing channel estimation according to a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) in step S109 to obtain channel information may specifically include:
and performing channel estimation according to the DM-RS in the PDSCH to obtain a Channel Impulse Response (CIR).
In some embodiments, the performing channel estimation according to the DM-RS in the PDSCH in step S109 to obtain channel information may specifically include:
performing channel estimation according to DM-RS in the PDSCH to obtain channel impulse response;
channel information including a Power Delay Profile (PDP) and doppler spread of a channel is obtained from a Channel Impulse Response (CIR).
In some embodiments, performing channel estimation according to DM-RS in PDSCH to obtain channel impulse response may specifically include the following steps:
the received signal is represented as:
Y＝XH＋Z （1）
wherein, X represents a transmission signal, i.e., a DM-RS signal; h denotes the channel frequency domain response; z represents noise; y represents a received signal;
according to the least square algorithm, an objective function is determined as shown in formula (2):
Figure 870034DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
（2）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 984621DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
which represents the transpose of the conjugate,
Figure 516227DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is the output signal that is estimated to be,
Figure 32659DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is an estimate of the channel frequency domain response H;
Figure 873576DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
（3）
the channel frequency domain response estimation value of the least square algorithm obtained according to the formula (3) is as follows:
Figure 475459DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
（4）
by channel frequency domain estimation
Figure 810756DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
And performing IFFT transformation to obtain channel impulse response.
In some embodiments, after obtaining the power delay profile of the channel, the following steps may be further included:
and carrying out peak detection on the power delay spectrum (PDP) according to the input threshold value, and extracting multipath parameters.
Fig. 2 is a time-frequency structure diagram of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the user terminal mainly relies on the synchronization signal continuously transmitted from the 5G base station (gNB) to the downlink channel to complete the cell search process. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) constitute one synchronization signal block. One synchronization signal block occupies 4 OFDM symbols in the time domain and 240 adjacent subcarriers in the frequency domain. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) consists of a pseudo-random sequence of length 127, with three possible primary synchronization sequences in total. The user terminal uses three correlators in parallel to match the received PSS sequence, thereby achieving time synchronization.
The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) is the header in the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) occupying 127 subcarriers located at the center of 240 subcarriers. In the time domain, the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) occupies the first symbol length of 4 OFDM symbol lengths of the synchronization signal block.
The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) also occupies 127 subcarriers located at the center of 240 subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the time domain, a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) is transmitted on the third OFDM symbol. There are 336 possible transmission sequences for the secondary synchronization signal. The user terminal may calculate the cell identification number according to the PSS and SSS. It has a total of 3x 336-1008 possible cell sequences. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) carrying the last primary system information block is transmitted in the second and fourth OFDM symbols of the SSB.
The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) is transmitted using 48 subcarriers for SSS. Therefore, each SSB occupies 576 resource elements of PBCH transmission, which include demodulation reference signals for coherent demodulation of PBCH. There are 3 demodulation reference signals (DM-RS) on each resource block of PBCH, so there are 4 frequency domain offsets for DM-RS, corresponding to v ═ 0, 1, 2, 3 in fig. 2.
Multiple SSBs may be transmitted within one carrier frequency band. One or more SSBs may constitute a set of SS bursts in each half frame, i.e., 5 ms. The SS burst set is transmitted according to a certain period, and the value range of the period is {5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms and 160ms }. The number of SSBs and the starting symbol of each SSB is limited by the subcarrier spacing and frequency band. The symbol positions of multiple SSBs in an SS burst set can be classified into the following 5 cases according to different subcarrier intervals, which are detailed in table 1. It is worth noting that the SSB always occupies 240 consecutive subcarriers regardless of the subcarrier spacing. This also means that the larger the subcarrier spacing, the larger the bandwidth occupied by the SSB.
Table 1: SSB time domain position table of 5 different conditions
Figure 447274DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Figure 459092DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
In the embodiment of the invention, 5G operation signals are adopted for channel recording. To detect the 5G operation signal and obtain its data, cell search and synchronization are first performed. The concrete description is as follows:
the time domain position and the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal block in the 5G NR are both flexible and variable. In the frequency domain, the SSB is no longer fixed in the middle of the frequency band; in the time domain, both the location and the number of SSBs transmitting may vary. Therefore, in NR, complete synchronization of frequency domain and time domain resources cannot be obtained only by demodulating PSS/SSS signals, and the synchronization of time-frequency resources can be finally achieved only by completing demodulation of PBCH.
The cell search process of the 5G operation signal is shown in fig. 3, and specifically includes the following steps:
and S1, the NR terminal tunes the radio frequency receiver to the frequency band of the 5G operation signal.
And S2, performing cross-correlation detection on the main synchronous signal in the time domain to obtain time domain synchronization. Namely, the start position of the OFDM symbol of the 5G operation signal is determined, and the cell group identifier is obtained
Figure 30495DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
) (ii) a In the first OFDM symbol time of the SSB, only the PSS signal exists in the SSB frequency domain range, so that the relevant detection can be carried out on the PSS signal; on the contrary, because the SSS has PBCH in the third symbol time, it cannot be detected by time domain correlation.
S3, obtaining SSS position according to PSS position, making cross-correlation detection to SSS in frequency domain, obtaining frequency domain synchronization and cell group identification: (
Figure 418751DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
）。
S4, obtaining PCI by demodulating Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS),
Figure 644196DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
。
s5, after obtaining the physical cell ID, it can be determined that there are 3 demodulation reference signals (DM-RS) on each Resource Block (RB) of PBCH, so that DM-RS has 4 frequency domain offsets, and the frequency domain offsets thereofv＝PCImod4. The frequency domain location of the DM-RS of the PBCH can be determined by obtaining the v value. Specifically, there are four possible frequency domain positions for 3 DM-RSs, where v is 0, 1, 2, 3; and solving the PCI, and determining v, thereby determining the specific frequency domain position of the DM-RS. The frequency domain position of the PBCH DM-RS is obtained before blind decoding can be performed.
By blind decoding the DM-RS in the PBCH, a synchronization signal block location index (SSB index), denoted as iSSB, and field information can be obtained, where nhf is 0 if SSB is in the first field of a certain radio frame; if SSB is in the second half of a radio frame, nhf is 1. Since the maximum number of SSBs in an SSB burst set is different in different frequency ranges, the number of bits required to represent the SSB position index is also different. When L ismaxWhen 4, iSSB is 2 bit; when L ismaxWhen 8, iSSB is 3 bit. When L ismaxWhen 4 or 8, the iSSB is carried by the DM-RS sequence of PBCH. For frequency bands with frequencies above 6GHz, LmaxWhen 64, the iSSB is 6 bits, where the 3 lowest bits of the iSSB are carried by the DM-RS sequence of PBCH and the 3 highest bits of the iSSB are carried in the content of PBCH, and the PBCH needs to be decoded to obtain the complete iSSB. When L ismaxWhen the PBCH is 4 or 8, the iSSB, i.e., the position index of the SSB, can be obtained by decoding the DM-RS of the PBCH; when L ismaxAt 64, S5 only obtains the lowest bit of the 3 bits of the iSSB, and also obtains the highest bit of the 3 bits of the iSSB by decoding PBCH at S6, thereby implementing frame synchronization.
S6, the NR terminal decodes the PBCH and obtains a system Message (MIB) including the system frame number and the 3 highest bits of the iSSB. Through MIB, complete system frame number can be obtained, and frame synchronization is achieved. The MIB also includes information such as subcarrier spacing, DM-RS Type a location, PDCCH-configSIB1 (including search space time-frequency location of the physical downlink control channel), and the like.
And S7, the NR terminal monitors the search space of the physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel.
A PDCCH-configSIB1 field in the MIB, which has 8 bits in total, is used to configure a control resource set CORESET #0 and a monitoring opportunity SearchSpace of a common search space of a physical downlink control channel. Wherein, the high 4bit information indicates CORESET #0, including the continuous resource block number in the frequency domain and the continuous symbol number in the time domain, to obtain the frequency domain information of the physical downlink control channel; and the low 4-bit information indicates the monitoring time of the physical downlink control channel searching space.
The PBCH is decoded in S6 to obtain MIB, and the number of resource blocks and symbols consecutive in the frequency domain and time domain of the physical downlink control channel can be obtained by looking up tables 13-1 to 13-10 of 3GPP 38.213 through the high-order 4bit (controlled resource set zero) of PDCCH-configSIB1 in MIB. As shown in table 2.
Table 2: control resource set CORESET #0 information of common search space of physical downlink control channel
Figure 826915DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
The Index in table 2 is the high-order 4-bit information of PDCCH-configSIB1,
Figure 154123DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is the number of consecutive resource blocks in the frequency domain,
Figure 80490DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is the number of symbols that are consecutive in the time domain.
Then, the monitoring opportunity is calculated by searching the low 4bit (search Space zero) of the PDCCH-configSIB1 for the necessary parameters O, M of the start position of the calculation monitoring opportunity in tables 13-11 to 13-15 of 3GPP 38.213. Index ═ search Space Zero in the table. As shown in table 3.
Table 3: monitoring opportunity parameter of physical downlink control channel
Figure 160442DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
The calculation formula of the monitoring opportunity is as follows:
Figure 61533DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,n 0indicating the starting position of the listening window (in time slots) within a certain frame, i is iSSB,O、Mas can be obtained from the results of table 3,
Figure 859725DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
is the number of slots in each frame, looking upTable 4.
The detection period of the listening window is 20ms, namely two wireless frames.
When in use
Figure 589783DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
mod2 is 0, and the listening window is on the first of two radio frames.
Table 4: number of time slots in radio frame
Figure 524241DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Assuming that iSSB is 0, the subcarrier spacing is 30kHz,
Figure 65075DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
20, the high-order 4bit (control Resource Set zero) of PDCCH-configSIB1 is 11, table 2 is looked up, the number of consecutive Resource blocks in the frequency domain of CORESET #0 is 48, the number of consecutive symbols in the time domain is 3, and the offset from the SSB frequency domain start position is 16 Resource blocks. The lower 4bit (search Space zero) of PDCCH-configSIB1 is 0, the table is looked up by 3,O＝0，M＝1。
the calculation can obtain:
Figure 350563DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
＝0，
Figure 884312DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
mod2＝0。
therefore, monitoring the pdcch requires reading the content on 48 resource blocks and 3 symbols starting at the first slot of the first radio frame of every two radio frames, where the frequency domain position is 16 resource blocks away from the lower boundary of the SSB band.
The DCI (downlink control information) information can be obtained by performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel, and the DCI configuration specifies time-frequency resource information of the PDSCH. Two fields of Frequency domain resource assignment in the DCI determine the Frequency domain resource of the PDSCH, and Time domain resource assignment determines the Time domain resource of the PDSCH. The value m of the Time domain resource assignment, through m + 1 table look-up 5, obtains the mapping type of the PDSCH, K0: time domain offset (unit time slot) of the PDSCH and the physical downlink control channel, a starting symbol index S and a time domain length L. And combining the position information of the DM-RS Type A to obtain the position of the DM-RS in the PDSCH.
Table 5: PDSCH time domain resource allocation
Figure 938856DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
Assuming that Time domain resource assignment is 0, in the first row of the lookup table 5, the Time domain resource assignment is 0, and the PDSCH and the physical downlink control channel are shifted to 0 in the Time domain, that is, the PDSCH and the physical downlink control channel are in the same Time slot, starting from the #2 symbol and lasting for 12 symbol lengths, and the DM-RS also starts from the #2 symbol.
S8, channel estimation is carried out by using DM-RS in PDSCH, and Channel Impulse Response (CIR) is calculated.
Specifically, in a wireless system, the received signal is represented as:
Y＝XH＋Z （1）
where X denotes a transmission signal, here, a DM-RS signal, H denotes a channel frequency domain response, Z denotes noise, and Y denotes a reception signal.
According to the least squares criterion (LSM), there is an objective function as shown in equation (2):
Figure 641802DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
（2）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 149007DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
representing a conjugate transpose.
The LS algorithm estimates H in equation (1) to minimize the objective function in equation (2).
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 220868DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
is the output signal that is estimated to be,
Figure 395498DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
is an estimate of the channel frequency domain response H.
Figure 12555DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
（3）
Therefore, according to the formula (3), the channel frequency domain response estimated value of the LS algorithm can be obtained as follows:
Figure 538214DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
（4）
by channel frequency domain estimation
Figure 148187DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
The channel impulse response can be obtained by performing IFFT (inverse fast fourier transform) transformation, and further, channel information such as power delay spectrum and doppler shift of the channel can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 4, the multipath parameter extraction in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
the system transfer function is windowed before computing the channel impulse response to reduce the side lobe size in the time domain after pulse compression, and a Hanning window is usually used.
After the power delay spectrum is obtained, peak detection can be performed on the power delay spectrum (PDP) according to an input threshold, and a multipath with a peak power above the threshold is taken as an effective path to extract multipath parameters, which may include any one or more of the following: multipath profile, time delay, power and doppler shift. When the peak value detection is carried out on the PDP, a PDP threshold value is set, and the multipath with the peak value power above the threshold value is extracted as an effective path. After the multipath peak power is obtained, the corresponding time delay can be indexed according to the position of the peak value by combining the time delay resolution under the current measurement bandwidth.
The following describes the channel recording method provided by the present invention with reference to application scenarios:
in a test area, a 5G operation signal is monitored by a receiver, NR cell synchronization is completed by a synchronization signal block, and first a synchronization signal block is searched over at a GSCN (Global synchronization channel number) frequency point.
And sequentially acquiring information of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and information of a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) from the SSB of the 5G operation signal, wherein the physical cell identifier of the current NR cell can be obtained through the two information. The frequency domain position of the DM-RS of the PBCH can be determined by utilizing the PCI, and information on the PBCH can be successfully demodulated through the DM-RS.
Since the SSB may be sent multiple times in one period, in order to obtain the time domain information of the SSB, it needs to know that the SSB received by the SSB is the second SSB, i.e., the SSB index number needs to be known.
When demodulating PBCH, using the initial sequence of DM-RS to carry out blind detection, after successful demodulation, obtaining the synchronous signal block index information and the complete time domain information of SSB, which includes frame number, subframe number and time slot number.
After the demodulation of the synchronization signal block is completed, a physical downlink control channel can be determined, blind detection is performed in the physical downlink control channel to obtain DCI, DCI configuration of the physical downlink control channel specifies how to transmit the PDSCH on a wireless link, including time-frequency resource information of the PDSCH, and finally the PDSCH is decoded on specified physical resources, and the CIR is calculated through DM-RS in the PDSCH, so that channel information including a Power Delay Profile (PDP) of the channel and a doppler shift is obtained.
< second embodiment >
As shown in fig. 5, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a channel recording apparatus based on 5G operation signals. The channel recording apparatus 300 is provided on a user terminal, and includes:
a synchronization signal block searching module 310 for searching and acquiring a synchronization signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
a synchronization signal obtaining module 320, configured to obtain a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
a physical cell identifier determining module 330, configured to demodulate the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
a physical broadcast channel decoding module 340, configured to determine a frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) of a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) according to the physical cell identifier; blind decoding the DM-RS in the PBCH according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of a synchronization signal block and field information, thereby realizing field synchronization;
a system message determining module 350, configured to decode a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) to obtain a system message to achieve frame synchronization, where the system message includes: a PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of DM-RS Type A;
a monitoring search module 360, configured to monitor a search space of a physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
a downlink control information decoding module 370, configured to perform blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, where the downlink control information includes time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
a physical downlink shared channel decoding module 380, configured to obtain a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the location information of the DM-RS Type a;
and a channel estimation module 390, configured to perform channel estimation according to the DM-RS in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
< third embodiment >
A third embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements any one of the above-mentioned channel recording methods based on a 5G service signal.
< fourth embodiment >
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a user terminal, which at least includes:
a transceiver;
a memory; and
a processor communicatively coupled with the transceiver and the memory, the processor configured to:
searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
acquiring a main synchronization signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
determining a frequency domain location of a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) of a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) according to the physical cell identity;
blind decoding the DM-RS in the PBCH according to the frequency domain position of the DM-RS to obtain the position index of a synchronization signal block and field information, thereby realizing field synchronization;
decoding the PBCH to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization, wherein the system message comprises: a PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of DM-RS Type A;
monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
acquiring the DM-RS in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the DM-RS Type A;
and performing channel estimation according to the DM-RS in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
The user terminal may further comprise a communication bus via which the transceiver, the memory and the processor communicate with each other. The communication bus mentioned above for the user terminal may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the channel recording method provided by the invention directly records the 5G operation signal without transmitting the detection signal, and does not interfere the normal operation of the 5G communication network. Furthermore, the invention directly utilizes the deployed and operated 5G network to record the channel without constructing and installing channel measurement transmitting equipment and an antenna, does not change the configuration of hardware equipment and software of the original operation network, does not coordinate with an operation unit, only uses one receiver to receive the 5G operation signal, and can obtain the channel information by utilizing a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) through analyzing the signal.
The channel recording method, apparatus, medium and terminal based on 5G operation signal provided by the present invention have been described in detail. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any obvious modifications thereof can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which infringes the patent right of the invention and bears the corresponding legal responsibility.

Claims (10)

1. A channel recording method based on 5G operation signal is applied to a user terminal, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
acquiring a main synchronization signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
determining the frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier;
blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of a synchronous signal block and field information, and realizing field synchronization;
decoding the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization, wherein the system message comprises: a PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of the demodulation reference signal;
monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
acquiring a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
2. The channel recording method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain the physical cell id, the method further comprises:
performing cross-correlation detection on the primary synchronization signal in the time domain to realize time domain synchronization and obtain a first cell groupInner mark
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
Performing cross-correlation detection on the auxiliary synchronization signal according to the main synchronization signal in the frequency domain to realize frequency domain synchronization and obtain the identifier in the second cell group
Figure 779013DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
Determining a physical cell identity, PCI, based on the following formula:
PCI＝3
Figure 37956DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
＋
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
3. the channel recording method according to claim 2, wherein monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field, specifically comprises:
determining the number of continuous resource blocks in a frequency domain and the number of continuous symbols in a time domain of a physical downlink control channel according to the high-order preset number bit information of the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
determining the monitoring time of a physical downlink control channel search space according to the low-order preset number bit information of the PDCCH-configSIB1 field;
and monitoring the search space of the physical downlink control channel to decode the physical downlink control channel according to the monitoring opportunity of the search space of the physical downlink control channel, the number of the continuous resource blocks in the frequency domain of the physical downlink control channel and the number of the continuous symbols in the time domain.
4. The channel recording method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain channel information specifically includes:
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel impulse response.
5. The channel recording method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain channel information specifically includes:
performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel impulse response;
and obtaining channel information including the power delay spectrum and Doppler spread of the channel according to the channel impulse response.
6. The channel recording method according to claim 4, wherein performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal to obtain a channel impulse response specifically includes:
the channel frequency domain response estimation value of the least square algorithm is obtained according to the following formula:
Figure 729969DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
wherein X represents a transmission signal, Y represents a reception signal, andY＝XH＋Zz represents noise, H represents channel frequency domain response,
Figure 122773DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
which represents the transpose of the conjugate,
Figure 177317DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is the output signal that is estimated to be,
Figure 13686DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is an estimate of the channel frequency domain response H;
by channel frequency domain estimation
Figure 206376DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
And performing IFFT transformation to obtain channel impulse response.
7. The channel recording method of claim 5, wherein after obtaining the power delay profile of the channel, further comprising:
and performing peak detection on the power delay spectrum according to an input threshold value, and extracting multipath parameters.
8. A channel recording device based on 5G operation signal is arranged on a user terminal, and is characterized by comprising:
the synchronization signal block searching module is used for searching and acquiring the synchronization signal block from the intercepted 5G operation signal;
a synchronization signal obtaining module, configured to obtain a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
a physical cell identifier determining module, configured to demodulate the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
a physical broadcast channel decoding module, configured to determine a frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier; blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of the synchronous signal block and the field information, and realizing field synchronization;
a system message determining module, configured to decode the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to implement frame synchronization, where the system message includes: PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of demodulation reference signals;
a monitoring search module, configured to monitor a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
a downlink control information decoding module, configured to perform blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, where the downlink control information includes time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
a physical downlink shared channel decoding module, configured to obtain a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and the channel estimation module is used for carrying out channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a method for channel recording according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A user terminal, comprising:
a transceiver;
a memory; and
a processor communicatively coupled with the transceiver and the memory, the processor configured to:
searching and acquiring a synchronous signal block from the monitored 5G operation signal;
acquiring a main synchronization signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal from the synchronization signal block;
demodulating the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal to obtain a physical cell identifier;
determining the frequency domain position of a demodulation reference signal of a physical broadcast channel according to the physical cell identifier;
blind decoding the demodulation reference signal in the physical broadcast channel according to the frequency domain position of the demodulation reference signal to obtain the position index of the synchronous signal block and the field information, and realizing field synchronization;
decoding the physical broadcast channel to obtain a system message to realize frame synchronization, wherein the system message comprises: PDCCH-configSIB1 field and location information of demodulation reference signals;
monitoring a search space of a physical downlink control channel according to the PDCCH-configSIB1 field to decode the physical downlink control channel;
performing blind detection in the physical downlink control channel to obtain downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises time-frequency resource information of a physical downlink shared channel;
acquiring a demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel according to the time-frequency resource information of the physical downlink shared channel and the position information of the demodulation reference signal;
and performing channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal in the physical downlink shared channel to obtain channel information.
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