CN113782858A - By SiOxMethod for increasing and recycling negative electrode capacity of lithium ion battery at @ C - Google Patents
By SiOxMethod for increasing and recycling negative electrode capacity of lithium ion battery at @ C Download PDFInfo
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- CN113782858A CN113782858A CN202111006266.3A CN202111006266A CN113782858A CN 113782858 A CN113782858 A CN 113782858A CN 202111006266 A CN202111006266 A CN 202111006266A CN 113782858 A CN113782858 A CN 113782858A
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- negative electrode
- electrode material
- sio
- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery by using the @ C mainly aims at the problem of recovering and reprocessing the negative electrode material of the waste battery, and the specific capacity loss of the graphite negative electrode material of the battery after failure existsxThe characteristic of high specific capacity modifies and recovers the cathode material, and adopts a one-step method to realize the carbon coating of SiOxThe material and the recycled cathode material are compounded to increase the capacity and solve the problem of SiOxThe problem of cycle performance attenuation caused by volume expansion in the charge-discharge cycle process is continuously used for manufacturing the lithium ion battery cathode material. The method has the advantages that the invalid cathode material can be recycled, the preparation process is simple, the preparation cost is low, the performance is stable, and the method has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment problem of waste lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for using SiOxA method for increasing and recycling negative electrode capacity of a lithium ion battery at @ C, belonging to the field of recycling of lithium ion battery materials.
Background
In recent years, with the wide application of lithium ion batteries, the demand for positive and negative electrode materials is increasing, and the recycling of waste batteries is a key problem.
The failure reasons of the lithium ion battery based on the graphite cathode system are often failure of electrolyte and a positive electrode, and the cathode graphite material has high stability, so that the lithium ion battery has a recycling value. However, the conductive agent, the binder and the like introduced in the pole piece manufacturing process are difficult to remove, and the direct recycling affects the electrochemical performance of the pole piece, especially the capacity exertion of the pole piece. Using high specific capacity SiOxThe material can increase the capacity of recycling the cathode material, and the invention uses SiOxThe @ C composite material is compounded with the recycled negative electrode, so that the gram capacity of the recycled negative electrode material can be increased, and simultaneously SiO can be overcomexThe problem of poor cycle performance caused by volume expansion during the cycle. The method has practical application value in promoting the recycling of the waste batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and feasible method for increasing gram capacity of a failed lithium ion battery cathode material.
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery by @ C comprises the following steps:
taking the lithium ion battery after the cycle failure, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking the negative electrode material in deionized water for 2h, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
the failed lithium ion battery is a lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to below 60 percent of the initial capacity;
40-60 g of SiOxUniformly mixing 1-4 g of carbon source, uniformly mixing the powder and the carbon source in a mixer, uniformly mixing the mixture with 500g of recovered negative electrode material, performing heat treatment in an inert gas atmosphere at the heat treatment temperature of 650-750 ℃ for 2-3 h and at the heat treatment temperature of 850-950 ℃ for 3h, wherein the heating rate is 3-7 ℃/min, cooling the powder to room temperature, and taking out the powder to obtain carbon-coated SiOxA composite material with a recovered anode material;
said SiOxThe particle size distribution of the powder is D50 and is 3.2-3.8 microns; the carbon source is at least one of glucose, asphalt and nano-cellulose; the inert gas atmosphere is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen.
The method mainly aims at the problem of recycling and reprocessing the waste battery cathode material, and the specific capacity loss of the failed battery graphite cathode material existsxThe characteristic of high specific capacity modifies and recovers the cathode material, and adopts a one-step method to realize the carbon coating of SiOxThe material and the recycled cathode material are compounded to increase the capacity and solve the problem of SiOxThe problem of cycle performance attenuation caused by volume expansion in the charge-discharge cycle process is continuously used for manufacturing the lithium ion battery cathode material. The method has the advantages of capability of recycling the failed cathode material, simple preparation process, low preparation cost, stable performance and capability ofHas wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a carbon-coated SiO filmxAnd a charge-discharge curve of the recovered negative electrode material.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
by SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery at @ C comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 60g of SiO with a particle size distribution D50 of 3.2 μmxAnd (2) mixing 4g of carbon source in a mass ratio of 1:1 of glucose and nanocellulose uniformly in a mixer, uniformly mixing the carbon source with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the first step, performing heat treatment in a high-purity argon atmosphere at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min until the temperature reaches 750 ℃ for 2h, performing heat treatment at 950 ℃ for 3h, and cooling the powder to room temperature and taking out the powder to obtain the composite material of the carbon-coated SiOx and the recycled negative electrode material.
In this example, the prepared carbon-coated SiOxThe composite material of the recycled negative electrode material, a binder (CMC), a conductive agent (SP) and SBR are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 0.5: 1: 0.5, preparing the working electrode into slurry, assembling the working electrode into a button battery, standing for more than 10 hours, performing charge and discharge test at the ambient temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the gram capacity is 426.4mAh/g, charging and discharging are performed by 0.8mA/g, the cycle is 200 weeks, and the capacity retention rate is 83.5%.
Example 2
By SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery with @ C is similar to the method of the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 50g of SiO having a particle size distribution D50 of 3.5 μm were takenxPowder, taking 4g of carbon source according to the mass ratio of 1:4 of glucose and nano-cellulose, uniformly mixing the carbon source and 500g of recycled negative electrode material obtained in the first step after uniformly mixing the carbon source and the recycled negative electrode material in a mixer, carrying out heat treatment in the atmosphere of high-purity argon gas at the temperature rise speed of 7 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperature of 700 ℃ for 2h and at the temperature of 950 ℃ for 3h, taking out the powder after the temperature of the powder is reduced to room temperature, and obtaining carbon-coated SiOxA composite material with a recovered anode material;
in this example, the prepared carbon-coated SiOxThe composite material of the recycled negative electrode material, a binder (CMC), a conductive agent (SP) and SBR are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 0.5: 1: 0.5, preparing the working electrode into slurry, assembling the working electrode into a button battery, standing for more than 10 hours, performing charge and discharge test at the ambient temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the gram capacity is 417mAh/g, charging and discharging are performed by 0.8mA/g, the cycle is 200 weeks, and the capacity retention rate is 89.6%.
Example 3:
by SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery with @ C is similar to the method of the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 40g of SiO having a particle size distribution D50 of 3.2 μm were takenxMixing 4g of carbon source according to the mass ratio of 1:1 of asphalt to nano-cellulose in a mixer, uniformly mixing the carbon source with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the step one, and performing heat treatment in a high-purity argon atmosphere at the temperature rise speed of 3 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperatureKeeping the temperature at 700 ℃ for 2h and at 850 ℃ for 3h, taking out the powder after the temperature of the powder is reduced to room temperature to obtain carbon-coated SiOxA composite material with a recovered anode material;
the carbon-coated SiO prepared in this examplexThe composite material of the recycled negative electrode material, a binder (CMC), a conductive agent (SP) and SBR are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 0.5: 1: 0.5, preparing the working electrode into slurry, assembling the working electrode into a button battery, standing for more than 10 hours, performing charge and discharge test at the ambient temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the gram capacity is 438mAh/g, charging and discharging are performed by 0.8mA/g, the cycle is 200 weeks, and the capacity retention rate is 88.9%.
Claims (6)
1. By SiOxThe method for increasing and recovering the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: discharging the lithium ion battery after the cycle failure until the electric quantity is 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking the negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 40-60 g of SiOxAnd uniformly mixing the powder and 1-4 g of carbon source, uniformly mixing the mixture in a mixer, uniformly mixing the mixture with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the step one, performing heat treatment in an inert gas atmosphere at a heating rate of 3-7 ℃/min to 650-750 ℃ for 2-3 h, performing heat preservation at 850-950 ℃ for 3h, and taking out the powder after the temperature of the powder is reduced to room temperature to obtain the composite material of the carbon-coated SiOx and the recycled negative electrode material.
2. A method of using SiO as claimed in claim 1xThe method for increasing and recycling the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and step one, the failed lithium ion battery is the lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to the initial capacity of below 60%.
3. A method of using SiO as claimed in claim 1xThe method for increasing and recycling the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:SiO as described in step twoxThe particle size distribution of the powder is D50 and is 3.2-3.8 microns; the carbon source is at least one of glucose, asphalt or nano-cellulose; the inert gas atmosphere is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen.
4. A method of using SiO as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3xThe method for increasing and recycling the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 60g of SiO with a particle size distribution D50 of 3.2 μmxAnd (2) mixing 4g of carbon source in a mass ratio of 1:1 of glucose and nanocellulose uniformly in a mixer, uniformly mixing the carbon source with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the first step, performing heat treatment in a high-purity argon atmosphere at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min until the temperature reaches 750 ℃ for 2h, performing heat treatment at 950 ℃ for 3h, and cooling the powder to room temperature and taking out the powder to obtain the composite material of the carbon-coated SiOx and the recycled negative electrode material.
5. A method of using SiO as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3xThe method for increasing and recycling the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 50g of SiO having a particle size distribution D50 of 3.5 μm were takenxThe powder is prepared by mixing the components of the powder,taking 4g of carbon source according to the mass ratio of 1:4 of glucose to nanocellulose, placing the carbon source in a mixer to be uniformly mixed, uniformly mixing the carbon source with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the step one, placing the mixture in a high-purity argon atmosphere for heat treatment, keeping the temperature for 2h at the temperature rising speed of 7 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperature for 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h at the temperature of 950 ℃, taking out the mixture after the powder is cooled to room temperature, and obtaining carbon-coated SiOxAnd recovering the negative electrode material.
6. A method of using SiO as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3xThe method for increasing and recycling the negative electrode capacity of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps:
step one, recycling a negative electrode material: taking a failure lithium ion battery with the capacity reduced to 50% of the initial capacity after circulation, discharging the battery to the state of charge of 10% SOC, disassembling, soaking a negative electrode material in deionized water for 2 hours, and collecting the negative electrode material; washing the collected negative electrode material with nitric acid with the concentration of 10%, taking the precipitate, then placing the precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, and performing spray drying to obtain a recovered negative electrode material;
step two: 40g of SiO having a particle size distribution D50 of 3.2 μm were takenxPowder, namely, taking 4g of carbon source according to the mass ratio of 1:1 of asphalt to nanocellulose, putting the carbon source into a mixer for uniform mixing, then uniformly mixing the carbon source with 500g of the recycled negative electrode material obtained in the step one, putting the mixture into a high-purity argon gas atmosphere for heat treatment, keeping the temperature for 2h at the temperature rising speed of 3 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperature of 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h at the temperature of 850 ℃, taking the powder out after the temperature of the powder is reduced to room temperature, and obtaining carbon-coated SiOxAnd recovering the negative electrode material.
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