CN113782705A - Positive plate of lithium ion battery, preparation method of positive plate and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Positive plate of lithium ion battery, preparation method of positive plate and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113782705A
CN113782705A CN202111049051.XA CN202111049051A CN113782705A CN 113782705 A CN113782705 A CN 113782705A CN 202111049051 A CN202111049051 A CN 202111049051A CN 113782705 A CN113782705 A CN 113782705A
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lithium ion
positive electrode
material layer
lithium
battery
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CN113782705B (en
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莫方杰
李�昊
李若楠
孙化雨
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
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Envision Power Technology Jiangsu Co Ltd
Envision Ruitai Power Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
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Envision Power Technology Jiangsu Co Ltd
Envision Ruitai Power Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, a preparation method of the positive plate and the lithium ion battery. According to the invention, the prepared lithium ion battery can obtain high compaction and low direct current resistance, meanwhile, the side reaction of the battery is reduced, and the long-term circulation and storage stability of the battery is increased, so that the design of a three-layer structure of the coating layer is benefited, on one hand, the direct contact of a lithium supplement material and an electrolyte is reduced, and the gas generation in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.

Description

Positive plate of lithium ion battery, preparation method of positive plate and lithium ion battery
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery development, relates to the design of a positive plate, and particularly relates to a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, a preparation method of the positive plate and the lithium ion battery.
Background
The silicon monoxide composite graphite material (C-SiOx) is applied to a power battery system with high energy density due to the fact that the silicon monoxide composite graphite material has high theoretical specific capacity (more than 400mAh/g) and low reaction potential (less than 0.4V). Lithium ion supplement material Li widely studied at present5FeO4(LFO) has higher first charge capacity (> 700mAh/g) and lower first coulombic efficiency (< 10%) with good lithium ion replenishment effect.
In the LFO material, the oxidation level of part of lattice oxygen is about 4.2V for lithium potential. Thus, oxygen is released during the first charging. The released oxygen reacts with the electrolyte to destroy a stable CEI film between the positive electrode and the electrolyte, thereby deteriorating the stability of the battery and even causing a safety problem. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design a positive plate of a lithium battery to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, a preparation method thereof and the lithium ion battery, wherein the prepared lithium ion battery can obtain high compaction and low direct current resistance, simultaneously reduces the side reaction of the battery, and increases the long-term circulation and storage stability of the battery, which is benefited by the double-layer structure design of a coating layer, on one hand, the direct contact of a lithium supplement material and an electrolyte is reduced, and the gas generation in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, which comprises a plate body, wherein a coating layer is arranged on the surface of the plate body, the coating layer comprises a first material layer and a second material layer which are sequentially stacked along the surface of the plate body, and the mass ratio of a lithium ion supplementary material to a positive material in the first material layer is different from the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary material to the positive material in the second material layer.
According to the invention, the prepared lithium ion battery can obtain high compaction and low direct current resistance, meanwhile, the side reaction of the battery is reduced, and the long-term circulation and storage stability of the battery is increased, so that the double-layer structure design of the coating layer is benefited, on one hand, the direct contact of a lithium supplement material and an electrolyte is reduced, and the gas generation in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer is greater than a mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer.
The mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer is more than that of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer, wherein the main reasons are to reduce the contact between the lithium ion supplement material and the electrolyte and inhibit side reactions, and if the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer is less than that of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer, the lithium ion supplement material and the electrolyte can generate violent side reactions, thereby deteriorating the gas storage and production performance.
Preferably, the first material layer includes a lithium ion supplement material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon tubes, polyvinylidene fluoride, and a solvent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the polyvinylidene fluoride and the solvent in the first material layer is (1-5): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1.
the invention particularly limits the mass ratio of the components of the first material layer to the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride to (1-5): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1, wherein the main reason is that if any one of the components is lacked or other components are added, the electrode plate cannot be prepared, and therefore a battery cannot be prepared; and if the mass ratio exceeds the limit value, it causes difficulty in making the electrode because the quality overrun has a large influence on the viscosity of the slurry.
Preferably, the thickness of the first material layer is 5-30 μm.
The invention particularly limits the thickness of the first material layer to be 5-30 μm, and if the thickness exceeds the limit value of 30 μm, the direct current internal resistance (DCR) is increased, because the dressing layer is thickened and lithium ions are difficult to diffuse; if the thickness thereof is less than the limit value of 5 μm, it results in a decrease in the energy density of the battery due to a decrease in the amount of the lithium ion supplement material added.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the second material layer includes a lithium ion supplementary material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, polyvinylidene fluoride, and a solvent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the polyvinylidene fluoride and the solvent in the second material layer is (0.1-1): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1.
the invention particularly limits the components of the second material layer and the mass ratio of the components to the lithium ion supplementary material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride to (0.1-1): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1, wherein the main reason is that if any one of the components is lacked or other components are added, the electrode plate cannot be prepared, and therefore a battery cannot be prepared; and if the mass ratio exceeds the limit value, it causes difficulty in making the electrode because the quality overrun has a large influence on the viscosity of the slurry.
Preferably, the thickness of the second material layer is 20-60 μm.
The invention particularly limits the thickness of the second material layer to be 20-60 mu m, and if the thickness exceeds the limit value of 60 mu m, the direct current internal resistance (DCR) is increased, because the dressing layer is thickened and lithium ions are difficult to diffuse; if the thickness is less than the limit value of 20 μm, the amount of gas produced in the storage increases, because the first material layer is easily exposed to the electrolyte and side reactions continue to occur.
As a preferable technical scheme, the positive electrode material is nickel cobalt lithium manganate or lithium iron phosphate.
Preferably, the chemical formula of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.9, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is in a secondary sphere form or a single crystal form.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate secondary sphere form is 9 to 25 μm, and may be, for example, 9 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 21 μm, 23 μm, 25 μm, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
Preferably, the particle size of the single crystal form of nickel cobalt lithium manganate is 2 to 6 μm, for example, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the lithium iron phosphate is spherical lithium iron phosphate or nano lithium iron phosphate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spherical lithium iron phosphate has a particle size of 6 to 15 μm, and may be, for example, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, or 15 μm, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above-mentioned range are also applicable.
The particle size of the nano lithium iron phosphate is preferably 0.3 to 2.0 μm, and may be, for example, 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.7 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.6 μm, 1.8 μm, or 2.0 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a positive electrode sheet according to the first aspect, the method comprising:
and sequentially laminating and coating a first material layer and a second material layer on the surface of the pole piece body to form the positive pole piece.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate which are sequentially stacked, wherein the positive plate is the positive plate in the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the prepared lithium ion battery can obtain high compaction and low direct current resistance, meanwhile, the side reaction of the battery is reduced, and the long-term circulation and storage stability of the battery is increased, so that the double-layer structure design of the coating layer is benefited, on one hand, the direct contact of a lithium supplement material and an electrolyte is reduced, and the gas generation in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of the compaction density of the positive electrode sheets of the lithium ion batteries provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a direct current resistance diagram of the positive electrode sheets of the lithium ion batteries provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing gas generation results of the positive electrode sheets of the lithium ion batteries provided in example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a first layer of material; 2-a second layer of material; 3-aluminum foil.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In the prior art, one technical solution provides a lithium ion battery positive plate, which includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer coated on the positive current collector, where the positive active material layer contains a positive active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a lithium-rich compound, and the lithium-rich compound is decomposed to generate lithium ions when the lithium ion battery is charged, and releases one or more of gas, conductive carbon and a substance with electrochemical lithium storage activity.
The other technical scheme provides a lithium ion battery positive plate which comprises a positive current collector, a conductive coating and an electrode layer; the positive current collector is a carbon film, the carbon film has a three-dimensional porous structure, and the surface of the positive current collector is covered with a conductive coating; the conductive coating is of a double-layer structure and has a cross-linking gradient, and the cross-linking degree decreases from the second conductive coating to the first conductive coating; the electrode layer is arranged on the surface of the second conductive coating; has the characteristics of excellent structural stability and good heat resistance and solvent resistance.
The other technical scheme provides a lithium ion battery positive plate and a preparation method thereof, the lithium ion battery positive plate comprises a positive material and an aluminum-based current collector, the positive material comprises a positive active material, a conductive material and a bonding material, and the bonding material is a composite water-soluble adhesive containing a water-soluble adhesive and a phosphate radical-containing compound.
However, none of the above solutions solves the problem that the lithium ion battery has high compaction and low dc resistance, and at the same time, can reduce the side reaction of the battery, and increase the stability of the battery in long-term cycling and storage.
In order to solve at least the above technical problems, the present invention provides a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 1, the positive plate includes a plate body, a coating layer is disposed on a surface of the plate body, the coating layer includes a first material layer 1 and a second material layer 2 sequentially stacked along the surface of the plate body, and further, a mass ratio of a lithium ion supplement material to a positive electrode material in the first material layer 1 is different from a mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer 2.
According to the invention, the prepared lithium ion battery can obtain high compaction and low direct current resistance, meanwhile, the side reaction of the battery is reduced, and the long-term circulation and storage stability of the battery is increased, so that the double-layer structure design of the coating layer is benefited, on one hand, the direct contact of a lithium supplement material and an electrolyte is reduced, and the gas generation in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
The mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer 1 is larger than the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer 2.
The mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer is more than that of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer, wherein the main reasons are to reduce the contact between the lithium ion supplement material and the electrolyte and inhibit side reactions, and if the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer is less than that of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer, the lithium ion supplement material and the electrolyte can generate violent side reactions, thereby deteriorating the gas storage and production performance.
The first material layer 1 comprises a lithium ion supplement material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, polyvinylidene fluoride and a solvent, and further the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material to the conductive carbon black to the conductive carbon tube to the polyvinylidene fluoride to the solvent is (1-5): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1.
the invention particularly limits the components of the first material layer 1 and the mass ratio of the components to lithium ion supplement material, positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon tube, solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride to (1-5): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1, the main reason is that if any one of the components is lacked or other components are added, the electrode plate cannot be prepared, and therefore a battery cannot be prepared; and if the mass ratio exceeds the limit value, it causes difficulty in making the electrode because the quality overrun has a large influence on the viscosity of the slurry.
The thickness of the first material layer 1 is 5-30 μm, the invention particularly limits the thickness of the first material layer 1 to be 5-30 μm, if the thickness exceeds the limit value of 30 μm, the direct current internal resistance (DCR) is increased, because the dressing layer is thickened and lithium ions are difficult to diffuse; if the thickness thereof is less than the limit value of 5 μm, it results in a decrease in the energy density of the battery due to a decrease in the amount of the lithium ion supplement material added.
The second material layer 2 comprises a lithium ion supplement material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, polyvinylidene fluoride and a solvent, and further the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material to the conductive carbon black to the conductive carbon tube to the polyvinylidene fluoride to the solvent is (0.1-1): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1.
the invention particularly limits the components of the second material layer 2 and the mass ratio of the components to lithium ion supplement material, positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon tube, solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride to (0.1-1): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1, wherein the main reason is that if any one of the components is lacked or other components are added, the electrode plate cannot be prepared, and therefore a battery cannot be prepared; and if the mass ratio exceeds the limit value, it causes difficulty in making the electrode because the quality overrun has a large influence on the viscosity of the slurry.
The thickness of the second material layer 2 is 20-60 μm, the invention particularly limits the thickness of the second material layer 2 to be 20-60 μm, if the thickness exceeds the limit value of 60 μm, the direct current internal resistance (DCR) is increased, because the dressing layer is thickened and lithium ions are difficult to diffuse; if the thickness is less than the limit value of 20 μm, the amount of gas produced in the storage increases, because the first material layer is easily exposed to the electrolyte and side reactions continue to occur.
The positive electrode material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium iron phosphate, and further the chemical formula of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide is LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.9, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, furthermore, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is in a secondary sphere shape or a single crystal shape, the particle size of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate secondary sphere shape is 9-25 μm, and the particle size of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate single crystal shape is 2-6 μm.
The lithium iron phosphate is spherical lithium iron phosphate or nano lithium iron phosphate, and further the particle size of the spherical lithium iron phosphate is 6-15 mu m, and the particle size of the nano lithium iron phosphate is 0.3-2.0 mu m.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing a positive electrode sheet, the method comprising:
and sequentially laminating and coating a first material layer 1 and a second material layer 2 on the surface of the pole piece body to form the positive pole piece.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery, which includes a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet stacked in this order, wherein the positive electrode sheet is the positive electrode sheet according to the first aspect.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1, obtaining a first material layer 1, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a first material layer 1;
(2) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the conductive carbon tube to the nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent to the polyvinylidene fluoride is 0.5: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1 to obtain a second material layer 2, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a second material layer 2;
(3) uniformly coating the prepared first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2 on the pole piece body of the aluminum foil 3 by using a scraper in the sequence of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2, wherein the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 15 micrometers, and the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 45 micrometers;
(4) and (4) placing the pole piece body coated in the step (3) in a blast drying oven, drying at 120 ℃ for 20min, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare a positive pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1, obtaining a first material layer 1, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a first material layer 1;
(2) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the conductive carbon tube to the nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent to the polyvinylidene fluoride is 0.1: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1 to obtain a second material layer 2, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a second material layer 2;
(3) uniformly coating the prepared first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2 on the pole piece body of the aluminum foil 3 by using a scraper in the sequence of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2, wherein the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 5 microns, and the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 20 microns;
(4) and (4) placing the pole piece body coated in the step (3) in a blast drying oven, drying at 120 ℃ for 20min, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare a positive pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1, obtaining a first material layer 1, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a first material layer 1;
(2) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride is 0.3: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1 to obtain a second material layer 2, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a second material layer 2;
(3) uniformly coating the prepared first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2 on the pole piece body of the aluminum foil 3 by using a scraper in the sequence of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2, wherein the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 10 microns, and the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 30 microns;
(4) and (4) placing the pole piece body coated in the step (3) in a blast drying oven, drying at 120 ℃ for 20min, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare a positive pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1, obtaining a first material layer 1, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a first material layer 1;
(2) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the conductive carbon tube to the nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent to the polyvinylidene fluoride is 0.7: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1 to obtain a second material layer 2, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a second material layer 2;
(3) uniformly coating the prepared first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2 on the pole piece body of the aluminum foil 3 by using a scraper in the sequence of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2, wherein the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 20 micrometers, and the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 50 micrometers;
(4) and (4) placing the pole piece body coated in the step (3) in a blast drying oven, drying at 120 ℃ for 20min, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare a positive pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1, obtaining a first material layer 1, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a first material layer 1;
(2) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) The conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 99: 1: 0.5: 40: 1 to obtain a second material layer 2, wherein the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing conductive carbon black, a conductive carbon tube, a nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry, and then stirring and mixing the lithium supplement material, the anode material and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare a second material layer 2;
(3) uniformly coating the prepared first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2 on the pole piece body of the aluminum foil 3 by using a scraper in the sequence of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 2, wherein the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 30 micrometers, and the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 60 micrometers;
(4) and (4) placing the pole piece body coated in the step (3) in a blast drying oven, drying at 120 ℃ for 20min, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare a positive pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing a positive electrode sheet for a lithium ion battery, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 3 μm, and the remaining parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those of example 1.
Example 7
This example provides a method for preparing a positive electrode sheet for a lithium ion battery, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of the first material layer 1 is 35 μm, and the remaining parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those of example 1.
Example 8
This example provides a method for preparing a positive electrode sheet for a lithium ion battery, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 15 μm, and the remaining parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those of example 1.
Example 9
This example provides a method for preparing a positive electrode sheet for a lithium ion battery, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of the second material layer 2 is 65 μm, and the rest of the parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for preparing a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, wherein:
(1) adding lithium material and positive electrode material (LiNi)0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) According to the mass ratio of 1: 99, stirring and mixing at a high speed to prepare the active substance blending powder;
(2) the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 40: 1, dispersing and stirring at a high speed for 2 hours to prepare conductive slurry;
(3) mixing the mixed active substance powder and the conductive slurry at a high speed to prepare anode slurry with certain viscosity, uniformly coating the prepared slurry on an aluminum foil 33 by using a scraper to obtain a pole piece body, placing the pole piece body in a blast drying oven, drying for 20min at 120 ℃, rolling and cutting the dried pole piece at the pressure of 20MPa to prepare an anode pole piece, and calculating the mass of the coating material in unit volume at the moment to obtain the pole piece compaction density.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, and the difference from the example 1 is that the surface of a plate body is only coated with a first material layer 1, and other parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a positive plate of a lithium ion battery, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the mass ratio of a lithium ion supplement material and a positive electrode material in a second material layer 2 coated on the surface of a plate body is larger than that of a lithium ion supplement material and a positive electrode material in a first material layer 1, and other parameters and experimental conditions are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The positive plates prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are respectively assembled into a 1Ah soft package battery for performance test, the test results are shown in Table 1, and the specific test steps are as follows:
after the formation and aging processes of the 1Ah soft package battery, the initial volume V of the prepared battery is tested by using a drainage method0The actual capacity of the battery is defined after the battery is charged and discharged once (the current density is 0.33C, and the voltage window is 2.8-4.2V), the state of charge of the battery is adjusted to 70% SOC, the battery is discharged for 30s at the current density of 4C, the voltage difference value before and after the discharge is divided by the current density to obtain the direct current resistance value (DCR) of the battery under the state of charge (SOC), and the DCR values of 50% SOC and 20% SOC can be measured according to the method.
And (3) storing the battery in a constant-temperature oven at 60 ℃, taking out the battery from the oven every 7 days, standing to room temperature, testing the volume of the battery, and charging the battery to 4.2V voltage at 0.33C, wherein the volume change of the battery corresponds to the gas production rate of the battery core.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003252176620000141
Figure BDA0003252176620000151
As can be seen from the data in table 1:
as can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1, the compaction, DCR, and storage gassing properties of the battery coated with the first and second layers 1 and 2 are superior to those of the battery without the layered coating, because on one hand, the direct contact of the lithium supplement material with the electrolyte is reduced, and the gassing in the subsequent process of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
As can be seen from a comparison of example 1 and comparative example 2, the compaction, DCR, storage gassing performance of the battery coated with the first layer 1 is superior to that of the battery not coated with the first layer 1 because, on the one hand, the direct contact of the lithium supplement material with the electrolyte is reduced, and the gassing in the subsequent processes of the battery is reduced; on the other hand, the contact surface of the whole coating layer and the foil is optimized, the direct current resistance of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is comprehensively improved, and the stability of the battery is improved.
As can be seen from a comparison between example 1 and comparative example 3, the compaction, DCR, and storage gassing properties of the battery of comparative example 3, in which the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the second material layer 2 coated on the surface of the electrode sheet body is greater than the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplement material to the positive electrode material in the first material layer 1, are inferior to those of the battery of example 1 because the second material layer of comparative example 3 has a high content of the lithium supplement additive and reacts violently with the electrolyte, and thus the compaction, DCR, and storage gassing properties are deteriorated.
As is clear from comparison of examples 1, 6 and 7, the present invention particularly defines the thickness of the first material layer 1 to be 5 to 30 μm, and if the thickness exceeds the defined value of 30 μm, the Direct Current Resistance (DCR) increases, which is due to the thickening of the dressing layer and the difficulty in diffusion of lithium ions; if the thickness thereof is less than the limit value of 5 μm, it results in a decrease in the energy density of the battery due to insufficient lithium-supplementing material.
As is clear from comparison of examples 1, 8 and 9, the present invention particularly defines the thickness of the second material layer 2 to be 20 to 60 μm, and if the thickness exceeds the defined value of 60 μm, the direct current internal resistance (DCR) increases because the coating layer becomes thick and diffusion of lithium ions is difficult; if the thickness is less than the limit value of 20 μm, the amount of gas produced in the storage increases, because the first material layer is easily exposed to the electrolyte and side reactions continue to occur.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The positive plate of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising a plate body, wherein a coating layer is arranged on the surface of the plate body, the coating layer comprises a first material layer and a second material layer which are sequentially stacked along the surface of the plate body, and the mass ratio of lithium ion supplementary materials to positive materials in the first material layer is different from the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary materials to the positive materials in the second material layer.
2. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementing material to the positive electrode material in the first layer is larger than the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementing material to the positive electrode material in the second layer;
preferably, the first material layer comprises a lithium ion supplementary material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon tubes, polyvinylidene fluoride and a solvent;
preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the polyvinylidene fluoride and the solvent in the first material layer is (1-5): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1;
preferably, the thickness of the first material layer is 5-30 μm.
3. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second material layer comprises a lithium ion supplement material, a positive electrode material, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon tubes, polyvinylidene fluoride, and a solvent;
preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium ion supplementary material, the positive electrode material, the conductive carbon black, the conductive carbon tube, the polyvinylidene fluoride and the solvent in the second material layer is (0.1-1): (90-99): 1: 0.5: 40: 1;
preferably, the thickness of the second material layer is 20-60 μm.
4. The positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the positive electrode material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium iron phosphate;
preferably, the chemical formula of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.9, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2.
5. The positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is in a secondary sphere form or a single crystal form.
6. The positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nickel cobalt lithium manganate secondary sphere form has a particle size of 9 to 25 μm;
preferably, the grain diameter of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate single crystal form is 2-6 μm.
7. The positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lithium iron phosphate is spherical lithium iron phosphate or nano lithium iron phosphate.
8. The positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spherical lithium iron phosphate has a particle size of 6 to 15 μm;
preferably, the particle size of the nano lithium iron phosphate is 0.3-2.0 μm.
9. A method for producing a positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the production method comprises:
and sequentially laminating and coating a first material layer and a second material layer on the surface of the pole piece body to form the positive pole piece.
10. A lithium ion battery, characterized in that, the lithium ion battery includes positive plate, diaphragm and negative plate that laminate sequentially, positive plate according to any one of claims 1-8 adopts the positive plate.
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