CN113779747A - Optimized method for calculating geographical distance between site and typhoon center in typhoon wind field model - Google Patents

Optimized method for calculating geographical distance between site and typhoon center in typhoon wind field model Download PDF

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CN113779747A
CN113779747A CN202110580715.9A CN202110580715A CN113779747A CN 113779747 A CN113779747 A CN 113779747A CN 202110580715 A CN202110580715 A CN 202110580715A CN 113779747 A CN113779747 A CN 113779747A
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typhoon
reference point
site
latitude
center
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宋圣楠
鲁涵
熊政辉
宫婷
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Sinore Catastrophe Risk Management Co ltd
China Reinsurance Group Co ltd
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China Reinsurance Group Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an optimized method for calculating the geographical distance between a field point and a typhoon center in a typhoon wind field model on one hand, which comprises the steps of obtaining the coordinates of the wind field point of any typhoon event in the typhoon wind field model at any time node; defining a reference point for each field point and recording the coordinates of the reference point of each field point; calculating the geographic distance from each field point to the corresponding reference point; calculating the geographical distance between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site; calculating the geographical distance between each site and the typhoon center; a computer program product is also disclosed, which computer program/instructions, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method of the invention. The technical scheme of the invention adopts simple mathematical operation to obviously improve the calculation efficiency, greatly improve the performance and ensure that the error range is within an acceptable range.

Description

Optimized method for calculating geographical distance between site and typhoon center in typhoon wind field model
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of disaster insurance or the field of meteorology, in particular to an optimized method for calculating the geographical distance between a site and a typhoon center in a typhoon wind field model.
Background
In the service analysis of the typhoon severe disaster model, for example (but not limited to) 15 million simulated typhoons which occur in a certain range of the mainland and the adjacent areas of China for ten thousand years need to be calculated based on the typhoon wind field model to cause loss of millions of insurance standards distributed in each area. For each target, the typhoon wind speed is used as an input parameter, and the loss degree, the property loss value and the insurance loss are calculated in sequence. When calculating the typhoon wind speed, the prior art uses Georgiou typhoon wind field model (Georgiou,1985) to calculate the wind field. In the typhoon coordinate system, the control equations of the tangential wind speed or the turning wind speed and the wind direction are respectively as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000011
Ψg(r,α)=α+θ+90° (2)
the method is based on a semi-positive vector formula (Haversene formula), a large amount of trigonometric function calculation exists in the flow, the trigonometric function in a computer usually adopts a CORDIC algorithm, and the method has the following disadvantages: the calculation amount is large, the efficiency is low, and the time consumption of calculating the geographical distance between the site and the typhoon center in the typhoon wind field in the prior art is the most.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses an optimized method for calculating the geographical distance between a field point and a typhoon center in a typhoon wind field model on one hand, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the coordinates of a wind field point of any typhoon event in the typhoon wind field model at any time node;
defining a reference point for each field point and recording the coordinates of the reference point of each field point;
calculating the geographic distance AM from any one of the field points to the corresponding reference point;
calculating the geographic distance BM between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site;
calculating the geographical distance AB between each site and the center of the typhoon according to the formula I
AB=(AM2+BM2)1/2Formula I
The invention also discloses an optimized device for calculating the geographical distance between the site and the center of the typhoon in the typhoon wind field model, which comprises at least one processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the method is implemented.
The invention also discloses a computer program product comprising computer programs/instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of an optimized method for calculating the geographical distance of a site to a typhoon centre in a typhoon wind farm model.
The technical scheme of the invention adopts simple mathematical operation to obviously improve the calculation efficiency, greatly improve the performance and ensure that the error range is within an acceptable range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 wind farm calculation space range illustration;
FIG. 2 is a spherical coordinate line graph;
fig. 3 transformed rectangular coordinates.
Detailed Description
The technical features of the different embodiments of the invention can be combined in any way in conformity with the gist of the invention, and therefore any specific example should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
An optimized method for calculating a geographical distance between a site and a typhoon center in a typhoon field model in an embodiment comprises the following steps:
acquiring the coordinates of a wind field point of any typhoon event in the typhoon wind field model at any time node;
defining a reference point for each field point and recording the coordinates of the reference point of each field point;
calculating the geographic distance AM from any one of the field points to the corresponding reference point;
calculating the geographic distance BM between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site;
calculating the geographical distance AB between each site and the center of the typhoon according to the formula I
AB=(AM2+BM2)1/2Formula I
The term "typhoon wind field model" includes, for example, any process that can be run on a computer and describes the main characteristics of typhoon structure or occurrence through limited parameters, including but not limited to a Batts model or Russell model based on typhoon gradient equilibrium equation, a Georgiou model based on Shapiro numerical wind field, and a CE model based on Chow numerical model.
The term "site" includes, for example, grid points on a grid typhoon site, the wind site range being as shown in fig. 1; the wind field is selected in a Chinese typhoon influence area, namely the latitude and longitude ranges from 0 degree of the equator to 60 degrees of north latitude and from 100 degrees of east longitude to 140 degrees of east longitude, and the closer to the equator, the more vertical the longitude line and the latitude line are.
The term "geographic distance" includes the length of a circular arc of the earth's radius before some two points on the earth's surface.
As an alternative embodiment, the longitude of the reference point of any site is the longitude of the site or the center of the typhoon, and the latitude of the reference point is the latitude of the site or the center of the typhoon.
In a preferred embodiment, the latitude of the reference point of any site is the latitude of the higher latitude point of the site and the center of the typhoon, and the longitude of the reference point is the longitude of the lower latitude point of the site and the center of the typhoon.
As an alternative embodiment, the geographic distance AM from any one of the sites to its corresponding reference point is calculated according to formula II:
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000041
wherein AM is the geographical distance from any one of the field points to the corresponding reference point, R is the earth radius, Δ AM is the latitude (or longitude) difference from the field point to the corresponding reference point, and π is the circumference ratio.
As an alternative embodiment, the geographical distance BM of the typhoon centre from the reference point of each of the sites is calculated according to formula III:
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000042
wherein BM is the geographical distance between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site, R is the radius of the earth, Δ BM is the longitude difference (or latitude difference) between the typhoon center and the reference point, FitBMAnd pi is a circumferential ratio, and is a conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of R.
As an alternative embodiment, FitBMCalculated from formula IV:
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000051
wherein, FitBMThe conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of the R is obtained,
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000052
which is the latitude (or longitude) of the reference point, pi is the circumference ratio. So far, the prior art is improved to have only one trigonometric function operation by 6 times of trigonometric function operation.
As an implementation for continued optimization, FitBMCalculated from formula V:
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000053
wherein, FitBMThe conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of the R is obtained,
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000054
is the latitude (or longitude), a, of the reference point0,a1,a2,a3And a4Are coefficients.
As an alternative embodiment, the coefficients of the formula IV are each a0=1,a1=0,
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000055
a3=0,
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000056
Wherein, a0,a1,a2,a3And a4I.e. polynomial expansion of cosx
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000057
The coefficient of (2) and the polynomial are expanded to four terms to meet the required calculation precision of the invention, and the calculation amount is minimum.
The present invention will be described further below with reference to test examples and comparative examples. When handling simulated typhoons that occur over ten thousand years, the amount of data to be processed is extremely large. The typhoon has 15 ten thousand fields, each typhoon has an average of 100 hours, and each hour needs to calculate all typhoon wind speeds of 0.01-degree grids (1002001 grids) in a square interval with a typhoon eye as a center +/-5 degrees, and about 15 trillion grid-to-grid distances need to be calculated. When the floating point operation precision of the system is not high, if a large error occurs when the distance between two close points is calculated, the error at the position is eliminated by the hemiversine formula through some transformation.
Suppose there are two points a (ja, wa) and B (jb, wb) on the earth (note: ja and jb are the longitude of a and B, respectively, and wa and wb are the latitude of a and B, respectively), the spherical distance between the two points a and B is the arc length of AB, and the arc length of AB is R × angle AOB (note: angle AOB is the angle between a and B, O is the sphere center of the earth, and R is the radius of the earth, which is about 6367000 m). 1) Converting the longitude and latitude coordinates of the A, B two points into a spherical three-dimensional coordinate according to the longitude and latitude and the earth radius R; 2) and (6) calculating the AB length according to three-dimensional coordinates of A, B two points: 3) and (3) calculating an angle AOB according to the cosine theorem: 4) calculate AB arc length (AB arc length R × angle AOB). A large amount of trigonometric function calculation exists in the prior art, and a CORDIC algorithm is often adopted in trigonometric functions in a computer, so that the method has the following disadvantages: the calculation amount is large, the efficiency is low, after the codes are optimized in multiple rounds, time consumed by analyzing each module of the model is calculated, and the time consumed by calculating the distance is the most.
Two characteristics are observed and found in a typhoon and great disaster model: firstly, setting the longitude and latitude ranges of the Chinese typhoon affected zone of the model to be 0-60 degrees and 100-140 degrees, wherein the typhoon affected zone is close to the equator, and the longitude line is more vertical to the latitude line as the typhoon affected zone is closer to the equator. Secondly, the typhoon range calculated by the typhoon catastrophe model is as shown in fig. 1, and the longitude and latitude of the point (Lon0, Lat0) farthest from the typhoon central point is different from that of the typhoon central point by 5 degrees; therefore, it is first proposed to assume that the longitude and latitude lines are perpendicular to each other. As shown, fig. 2 shows the sphere before conversion, and the desired point is AB. Assuming that the longitude line and the latitude line are perpendicular to each other, as shown in fig. 3, the coordinate system is not changed here, the distance between each point is not changed, and the line segment BM length is the arc BM length; the segment AM length is the arc AM length and we need to solve for the length as arc AB (i.e., approximately segment AB).
The ZaixingDisCal function constructed by the steps of the method is taken as an embodiment, and the result feasibility is tested from two aspects of precision and time consumption and proved by the GeoCoordinate function based on a half positive-negative equation in the prior art:
TABLE 1 precision comparison test
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000061
Figure RE-GDA0003329574630000071
TABLE 2 time consuming comparison test
Grid point ZaixingDisCal time/ms Haversene time/ms
5w 8 0.1
10w 17 0.3
100w 178 4
When the distance reaches several hundred meters to several kilometers, the error is less than 0.1 meter, when the distance reaches dozens of kilometers, the error is in the level of one-place meter, and when the distance reaches 500 kilometers, the error is in the level of one hundred meters, thereby meeting the commercial requirement. The performance improvement after optimization is very large, and the error range can be ensured to be within an acceptable range.
In one embodiment, an optimized apparatus for calculating a geographical distance from a site to a center of a typhoon in a model of a typhoon wind farm is provided, comprising at least one processor, and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform the method of the invention.
Computers suitable for carrying out the computer program include, and may illustratively be based on, general purpose microprocessors, or special purpose microprocessors, or both, or any other kind of central processing unit. Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media and memory devices.
In an embodiment, a computer program product is provided comprising computer programs/instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method steps of the invention.
Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on one or more tangible, non-transitory program carriers, for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus.
A computer program (which may also be referred to or described as a program, software application, module, software module, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program may, but need not, correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data, e.g., one or more scripts stored in: in a markup language document; in a single file dedicated to the relevant program; or in multiple coordinated files, such as files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions of code. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers that are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
The processes and logic flows described in this specification can be performed by one or more programmable computers executing one or more computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output.
While this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any inventions or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features that may embody particular implementations of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in combination and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
Particular embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. For example, the activities recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. As one example, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In certain implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

Claims (10)

1. An optimized method for calculating the geographical distance between a site and a typhoon center in a typhoon wind field model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring the coordinates of a wind field point of any typhoon event in the typhoon wind field model at any time node;
defining a reference point for each field point and recording the coordinates of the reference point of each field point;
calculating the geographic distance AM from any one of the field points to the corresponding reference point;
calculating the geographic distance BM between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site;
calculating the geographical distance AB between each site and the center of the typhoon according to the formula I
AB=(AM2+BM2)1/2Formula I
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the longitude of the reference point of any site is the longitude of the site or the center of the typhoon, and the latitude of the reference point is the latitude of the site or the center of the typhoon.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the latitude of the reference point at any one of the sites is the latitude of the site and a higher latitude point in the center of the typhoon, and the longitude of the reference point is the longitude of the site and a lower latitude point in the center of the typhoon.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the geographical distance AM of any one of said sites to its corresponding reference point is calculated according to formula II:
Figure FDA0003085920190000011
wherein AM is the geographical distance from any one of the field points to the corresponding reference point, R is the earth radius, Δ AM is the latitude (or longitude) difference from the field point to the corresponding reference point, and π is the circumference ratio.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the geographical distance BM of the typhoon centre from the reference point of each of the sites is calculated according to formula III:
Figure FDA0003085920190000021
wherein BM is the geographical distance between the typhoon center and the reference point of each site, R is the earth radius, and Delta BM is the typhoonLongitude difference (or latitude difference) of center and the reference point, FitBMAnd pi is a circumferential ratio, and is a conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of R.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the Fit is performed in a distributed environmentBMCalculated from formula IV
Figure FDA0003085920190000022
Wherein, FitBMThe conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of the R is obtained,
Figure FDA0003085920190000023
which is the latitude (or longitude) of the reference point, pi is the circumference ratio.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the Fit is performed in a distributed environmentBMCalculated by formula V
Figure FDA0003085920190000024
Wherein, FitBMThe conversion coefficient of the radius of the latitude line (or the longitude line) where the reference point is located and the radius of the R is obtained,
Figure FDA0003085920190000025
is the latitude (or longitude), a, of the reference point0,a1,a2,a3And a4Are coefficients.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the coefficients of formula IV are each a0=1,a1=0,
Figure FDA0003085920190000031
a3=0,
Figure FDA0003085920190000032
9. An optimized apparatus for calculating the geographical distance of a site from a typhoon center in a model of a typhoon wind field, comprising at least one processor and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, carry out the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A computer program product comprising computer programs/instructions, characterized in that the computer programs/instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method according to claims 1-8.
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CN110837136A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-25 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Typhoon influence range evaluation method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium
CN112748255A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-04 国网河北省电力有限公司保定供电分公司 Typhoon model-based transmission tower typhoon wind speed and wind direction calculation method

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