CN113779721A - Special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction - Google Patents
Special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000342 Monte Carlo simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F04C18/126—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially from the rotor body extending elements, not necessarily co-operating with corresponding recesses in the other rotor, e.g. lobes, Roots type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2250/00—Geometry
- F04C2250/20—Geometry of the rotor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction, which comprises a shell, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, wherein the driven wheel and the driving wheel form a conjugate relation; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively connected with a gear; the method is characterized in that: the vacuum pump profile design method comprises the following steps: s1: obtaining the profile parameters of the driving wheel; s2: designing a driven wheel molded line by adopting an envelope surface finishing method; s3: calculating a volume utilization coefficient; s4: and verifying, namely judging whether the calculated volume utilization efficiency is qualified or not, if not, adjusting the profile parameters of the driving wheel and then executing S1-S4 again. The adjusted point line obtained by the envelope surface adjusting method can be well attached to the envelope surface (according to the size of the designed clearance), so that the driving wheel and the driven wheel are ensured to have a closed meshing line and a continuous contact line; and the method of envelope surface correction is adopted to greatly simplify the calculation process, and high precision can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum pumps, and particularly relates to a special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction.
Background
The vacuum pump refers to a device or equipment for obtaining vacuum by pumping a pumped container by using a mechanical, physical, chemical or physicochemical method. In general, a vacuum pump is a device for improving, generating and maintaining a vacuum in a certain closed space by various methods.
The core part in the vacuum pump is a pair of meshed rotors with opposite rotation directions, and the design of the rotor profile directly influences the performance of the vacuum pump, such as tightness, efficiency, area utilization coefficient and the like; the optimization of the molded line design is the key for improving the performance of the whole machine.
The problems existing in the vacuum pump molded lines disclosed at present are as follows:
1. the rotor profile is not conjugated or the contact line of the conjugated rotor profile is discontinuous, which may cause large leakage and affect the performance of the vacuum pump.
2. The pair of rotors often have through holes during operation, which increases leakage and reduces vacuum pump performance.
3. The pair of rotors can be defined as a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the method for solving the driven wheel by the traditional method comprises the following steps: after the profile parameters of the driving wheel are given, according to different characteristics of curves of all sections of the driving wheel, different formulas are adopted to calculate the meshing point firstly, and then the profile of the driven wheel is obtained according to coordinate transformation. However, the traditional algorithm is complex in calculation, and the curve of the driving wheel can be calculated only by a simple straight line or a simple circular arc. When the driving wheel is modified into some special curves or spline curves, the calculation complexity of the meshing points is greatly increased, which makes the curve calculation of the driven wheel almost impossible. In addition, due to the segmented design of the profile of the driving wheel, the profile of the driven wheel in the conventional method also needs to be computed in segments, and the result of the segmented computation has the risk of crossing, overlapping or intermittence among different segments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction comprises a shell, a driving wheel arranged in the shell and a driven wheel arranged in the shell, wherein the driven wheel and the driving wheel form a conjugate relation; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively connected with a gear, and the two gears are meshed with each other to drive the driving wheel and the driven wheel to synchronously rotate; the method is characterized in that: the vacuum pump profile design method comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the profile parameters of the driving wheel;
s2: designing a driven wheel molded line by adopting an envelope surface finishing method;
s3: calculating a volume utilization coefficient;
s4: and verifying, namely judging whether the calculated volume utilization efficiency is qualified or not, if not, adjusting the profile parameters of the driving wheel and then executing S1-S4 again.
Optionally, the specific step of S2 is:
s21: any given initial driven wheel profile is obtained through a traditional method;
s22: obtaining the envelope surface of the driven wheel through computer simulation by the profile of the discrete driving wheel and the rotation and revolution of the discrete driving wheel;
s23: readjusting discrete points of the molded line of the driven wheel according to the distance between the molded line of the initial driven wheel and the envelope surface of the driven wheel, so as to obtain trimming discrete points of the driven wheel under the designed clearance;
s24: the trimmed discrete points are represented as the final driven wheel profile using a spline curve.
Optionally, the specific step of readjusting the discrete point of the driven wheel profile in S23 is:
s231: adjusting the distance between each discrete point of the initial driven wheel molded line and the driven wheel envelope surface to enable each discrete point to move towards the driven wheel envelope surface in the normal direction;
s232: calculating the distance between the discrete points after the movement;
s233: the discrete points are moved tangentially to the envelope surface of the driven wheel according to the sum of the distances of the discrete points, so that the discrete points are equally spaced.
Optionally, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both in a rotationally symmetric pattern.
Optionally, the distance between the axes of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is equal to two times of the pitch circle radius of the gear.
Optionally, the profile of the driving wheel includes two rotationally symmetric profile units, a plane perpendicular to the rotation center line of the driving wheel and the rotation center line of the driven wheel is used as a reference plane, and a projection of the rotation center line of the driving wheel on the reference plane is used as O1The projection of the rotation center line of the driven wheel on the reference plane is taken as O2(ii) a The composition of the projection of the profile unit to the reference plane is as follows:
and an AB section: perpendicular to O1O2；
And a BC section: 1/4 arc tangent to segment AB and having radius R1；
CD section: a line segment tangent to BC;
section DE: 1/4 arc tangent to CD segment and having radius R2。
And an EF section: the EF section is regarded as a cycloid;
the AB segment and O1Has a vertical distance of O1A＝2R-RsAnd the AB segment is of length R2-R1；
The length of the CD section is 2R-R1-R2。
Optionally, a plane perpendicular to the rotation center line of the driving wheel and the rotation center line of the driven wheel is used as a reference plane, projections of the contour of the inner wall of the shell on the reference plane are two intersected circles, and the radius of the circle is Rm(ii) a The radius of the projection of the gear pitch circle on the reference plane is R.
Optionally, the cycloid equation of the EF segment is as follows:
wherein the parameters
δ is the design gap, where RsIs the link length of AE, and RsGet
Optionally, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: respectively calculating the area S1 of the driving wheel and the area S2 of the driven wheel;
s32: substituting S1, S2 into the following formula:
optionally, the area S1 of the driving wheel is calculated by the following formula:
and/or the driven wheel area S2 is obtained by integration or by using the monte carlo method.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the adjusted point line obtained by the envelope surface adjusting method can be well attached to the envelope surface (according to the size of the designed clearance), so that the driving wheel and the driven wheel are ensured to have a closed meshing line and a continuous contact line; and the method of envelope surface correction is adopted to greatly simplify the calculation process, and high precision can be obtained.
2. The driving wheel and the driven wheel of the invention do not generate through holes in the running process, thus improving the air tightness of the vacuum pump.
3. The meshing position of the driven wheel and the driving wheel can be clearly observed through an envelope surface method, and the molded line of the driven wheel is convenient to correct.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of a vacuum pump of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the profile of the capstan.
Fig. 3 is an overall view of the driven wheel profile and envelope.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the driven wheel profile after adjustment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for designing a profile of a special claw vacuum pump based on envelope correction includes a housing 1, a driving wheel 2 disposed in the housing 1, and a driven wheel 3 disposed in the housing 1, where the driven wheel 3 and the driving wheel 2 form a conjugate relationship; the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3 are respectively connected with a gear, and the two gears are meshed with each other to drive the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3 to synchronously rotate.
In some embodiments, the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3 are both rotationally symmetrical.
The vacuum pump profile design method comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining profile parameters of the driving wheel 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plane perpendicular to the rotation center line of the driving wheel 2 and the rotation center line of the driven wheel 3 at the same time is taken as a reference plane, wherein the projections of the inner wall profile of the shell 1 on the reference plane are two intersecting circles, and the radius of the circle is Rm; the radius of the projection of the gear pitch circle on the reference plane is R. And the distance between the centers of the two intersected circles is the distance between the centers of the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3, and is also twice the pitch circle radius R of the gear, namely L is 2R.
The molded line of the driving wheel 2 comprises two molded line units which are rotationally symmetrical, and the projection of the rotation center line of the driving wheel 2 on the reference plane is taken as O1The projection of the rotation center line of the driven wheel 3 on the reference plane is taken as O2(ii) a The line unit projecting onto the reference planeThe gear consists of the following meshing sections:
and an AB section: perpendicular to O1O2；
And a BC section: 1/4 arc tangent to segment AB and having radius R1；
CD section: a line segment tangent to BC;
section DE: 1/4 arc tangent to CD segment and having radius R2。
And an EF section: the EF section is regarded as a cycloid;
wherein AB segment and O1Has a vertical distance of O1A＝2R-RsAnd the AB segment is of length R2-R1(ii) a The length of the CD section is 2R-R1-R2。
The cycloid equation of the EF section is as follows:
wherein the parameters
δ is the design gap, where RsIs the link length of AE, and RsGet
Wherein the design clearance is a reserved machining error.
In conclusion, the ground profile of the driving wheel 2 adopts R1、R2And RsAnd controlling three parameters.
S2: design of driven wheel profile by envelope surface finishing method
Fig. 3 and 4 show schematic diagrams of solving the driven wheel molded line by an envelope surface method, and show the corresponding relation between each meshing section and the envelope surface of the driven wheel. As can be seen in fig. 4, the primary driven wheel profile is oversized in the BC meshing segment and is negatively spaced in the CD meshing segment.
The specific steps of S2 are as follows:
s21: by fixing the point of engagement to O1O2Is connected to a wire, therebyObtaining an initial driven wheel molded line; since this initial driven wheel profile does not account for vertical movement of the mesh point, the curve is most likely to have the potential for negative pitch meshing.
S22: obtaining an envelope surface of the driven wheel 3 through computer simulation by the molded line of the discrete driving wheel and the rotation and revolution of the discrete driving wheel 2;
s23: readjusting discrete points of the molded line of the driven wheel according to the distance between the molded line of the initial driven wheel and the envelope surface of the driven wheel, so as to obtain trimming discrete points of the driven wheel 3 under the designed clearance;
s24: and representing the trimming discrete points as the adjusted driven wheel profile by adopting a spline curve. As shown in fig. 4, the adjusted profile of the driven wheel can fit the envelope surface well.
The specific steps of readjusting the discrete points of the driven wheel profile in S23 are as follows:
s231: adjusting the distance between each discrete point of the initial driven wheel molded line and the driven wheel envelope surface to enable each discrete point to move towards the driven wheel envelope surface in the normal direction;
s232: calculating the distance between the discrete points after the movement;
s233: and adjusting according to the total molded line length (the sum of the distances of all the discrete points) of the driven wheel, so that the discrete points move tangentially to the envelope surface of the driven wheel, and the discrete points are equidistant.
S3: calculating a volume utilization factor
The volume utilization factor is calculated using the following formula:
wherein S1Area of the driving wheel 2, S2Is the area of the driven pulley 3. Area S of driving wheel 21The following formula is adopted:
in which the driven wheel 3 has an area S2Can be obtained by integration or by the Monte Carlo method.
S4: and verifying, namely judging whether the calculated volume utilization efficiency is qualified or not, if not, adjusting the profile parameters of the driving wheel and then executing S1-S4 again.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. at present, for the problem of unequal meshing line spacing, it is mostly necessary to firstly ensure elimination of the negative spacing, and then reduce the size of the driven wheel 3, which may further increase the spacing of the BC meshing section. The adjusted point line obtained by the envelope surface adjusting method can be well attached to the envelope surface (according to the size of the designed gap), so that meshing is guaranteed; and the method of envelope surface correction is adopted to greatly simplify the calculation process, and high precision can be obtained.
2. The meshing position of the driven wheel 3 and the driving wheel 2 can be clearly observed through an envelope surface method: it is clear from fig. 4 that the initial driven wheel profile has a large clearance when engaged with the driving wheel BC segment, and that the problem of a negative clearance occurs when engaged with the CD segment.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. A special claw type vacuum pump molded line design method based on envelope surface correction comprises a shell, a driving wheel arranged in the shell and a driven wheel arranged in the shell, wherein the driven wheel and the driving wheel form a conjugate relation; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively connected with a gear, and the two gears are meshed with each other to drive the driving wheel and the driven wheel to synchronously rotate; the method is characterized in that: the vacuum pump profile design method comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the profile parameters of the driving wheel;
s2: designing a driven wheel molded line by adopting an envelope surface finishing method;
s3: calculating a volume utilization coefficient;
s4: and verifying, namely judging whether the calculated volume utilization efficiency is qualified or not, if not, adjusting the profile parameters of the driving wheel and then executing S1-S4 again.
2. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific steps of S2 are as follows:
s21: any given initial driven wheel profile is obtained through a traditional method;
s22: obtaining the envelope surface of the driven wheel through computer simulation by the profile of the discrete driving wheel and the rotation and revolution of the discrete driving wheel;
s23: readjusting discrete points of the molded line of the driven wheel according to the distance between the molded line of the initial driven wheel and the envelope surface of the driven wheel, so as to obtain trimming discrete points of the driven wheel under the designed clearance;
s24: the trimmed discrete points are represented as the final driven wheel profile using a spline curve.
3. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific steps of readjusting the discrete points of the driven wheel profile in S23 are as follows:
s231: adjusting the distance between each discrete point of the initial driven wheel molded line and the driven wheel envelope surface to enable each discrete point to move towards the driven wheel envelope surface in the normal direction;
s232: calculating the distance between the discrete points after the movement;
s233: the discrete points are moved tangentially to the envelope surface of the driven wheel according to the sum of the distances of the discrete points, so that the discrete points are equally spaced.
4. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the driving wheel and the driven wheel are in rotational symmetry patterns.
5. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the axes of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is equal to two times of the pitch circle radius of the gear.
6. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the molded line of the driving wheel comprises two molded line units which are rotationally symmetrical, a plane which is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the driving wheel and the rotation center line of the driven wheel at the same time is taken as a reference plane, and the projection of the rotation center line of the driving wheel on the reference plane is taken as O1The projection of the rotation center line of the driven wheel on the reference plane is taken as O2(ii) a The composition of the projection of the profile unit to the reference plane is as follows:
and an AB section: perpendicular to O1O2；
And a BC section: 1/4 arc tangent to segment AB and having radius R1；
CD section: a line segment tangent to BC;
section DE: 1/4 arc tangent to CD segment and having radius R2。
And an EF section: the EF section is regarded as a cycloid;
the AB segment and O1Has a vertical distance of O1A＝2R-RsAnd the AB segment is of length R2-R1；
The length of the CD section is 2R-R1-R2。
7. The method for designing the special claw type vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 6, wherein: a plane which is simultaneously vertical to the rotation center line of the driving wheel and the rotation center line of the driven wheel is taken as a reference plane, wherein the projection of the contour of the inner wall of the shell on the reference plane is two intersected circles, and the radius of the circle is Rm(ii) a The radius of the projection of the gear pitch circle on the reference plane is R.
8. The method for designing the special claw vacuum pump profile based on envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the cycloid equation of the EF section is as follows:
wherein the parameters
δ is the design gap, where RsIs the link length of AE, and RsGet
9. The method for designing the profile of the special claw vacuum pump based on the envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the step of S3 includes the following steps:
s31: respectively calculating the area S1 of the driving wheel and the area S2 of the driven wheel;
s32: substituting S1, S2 into the following formula:
10. the method for designing the profile of the special claw vacuum pump based on the envelope surface modification as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the area S1 of the driving wheel is calculated by the following formula:
and/or the driven wheel area S2 is obtained by integration or by using the monte carlo method.
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| CN113779721B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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