CN113776801A - Assessment method and system for joint effect of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in workplace - Google Patents
Assessment method and system for joint effect of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in workplace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for evaluating the joint action of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in workplaces, which comprise the following steps: measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplug; measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earmuffs; and measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously. The invention uses the artificial head simulator to measure the insertion loss of the earplug, removes subjective error and is simpler and more convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise evaluation, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the joint action of a noise-proof earplug and an earmuff in a workplace.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Noise is a occupational disease hazard factor commonly generated in workplaces, and profound occupational diseases such as noise deafness and the like can be caused seriously. Therefore, the worker needs to wear hearing protection articles to protect the hearing.
Currently, hearing protection products commonly used are noise-proof earplugs and noise-proof earmuffs. In high noise workplace, the noise control earplug or noise control earmuff used alone can not effectively protect, need use noise control earplug and earmuff to jointly wear. The measurement of the sound attenuation of an earplug in the national standard is a subjective measurement method, requires a large number of subjects and is relatively complex.
At present, no clear research is available on the combined wearing effect of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs, and the protection effect of the earmuffs of the earplugs only generally suggests that the noise reduction value is increased by 5dB after the higher SNR value is selected from the earplugs and the earmuffs when the earplugs and the earmuffs are used together.
Specifically, in an actual scenario, for example: the pumped storage power station has two operation working conditions of power generation and water pumping, and has the characteristics of high unit water head, large capacity, high rotating speed, frequent working condition conversion, large operation area span, complex hydraulic dynamic characteristic and the like, so that the noise ratio generated during the operation of the pumped storage power station is higher, the hearing of field operation personnel is reduced, and even noise is deaf.
The above prior art does not consider the spectral properties of noise, and human ears sound very differently based on sounds with the same sound pressure level but different frequencies. The noise frequency spectrum is different, and the selected hearing protectors are different. If a hearing protector with good high-frequency noise protection effect is selected in a low-frequency noise operation place, the protection effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for evaluating the joint action of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in a workplace, which aims at effectively evaluating the joint wearing of the noise-proof earplugs and the earmuffs.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, a method for assessing combined effect of a workplace noise-proof earplug and an earmuff is disclosed, comprising:
detecting the noise condition generated by a specific working place to obtain the noise frequency spectrum of the equipment in the place under various working conditions;
respectively measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs;
measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously;
selecting the noise spectrum of the point with the greatest harm in the noise spectra under various working conditions under each working condition, subtracting the insertion loss under different frequency bands, and calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the noise spectrum and the insertion loss;
different wearing schemes of earmuffs and earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level.
According to the further technical scheme, when different wearing schemes of the earmuffs and the earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level, when the effective value of the weighted sound pressure level A is 75-80 dB (A), the wearing scheme is good in protection level; whereas below 70db (a) indicates an over-protection of the wearing scheme and above 80db (a) an under-protection.
According to the technical scheme, the insertion loss of each frequency band of the anti-noise earplug is measured, during testing, a non-directional sound source sounding body firstly sends white noise, the received sound pressure level is recorded, then the earplug is inserted into an artificial head auditory canal and is maintained for a certain time, the earplug is guaranteed to be restored to a standard state, then the same white noise is played through the sounding body, the received sound pressure level is recorded, and the difference value of the sound pressure levels of the front and the back is determined insertion loss.
According to the technical scheme, the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earmuff is measured, during testing, a non-directional sound source sounding body sends white noise, the received sound pressure level is recorded, then the noise-proof earmuff surrounds the auricle and is tightly attached to the two sides of the head to completely shield the auditory meatus, the same white noise is played through the sounding body after a certain time, the received sound pressure level is recorded, and the difference value of the sound pressure levels of the front and the back is the insertion loss determined by the part.
Further technical scheme, when each frequency channel insertion loss when survey noise control ear muff and earplug were worn simultaneously, during the test, send the white noise by the no directional sound source sound production body earlier, record received sound pressure level, then insert the earplug in artifical head duct, slowly enclose the noise control ear muff auricle and hug closely all around and cover the duct completely in head both sides, the same white noise of rethread sound production body broadcast after the certain time, record the sound pressure level that receives this moment, the difference of two sound pressure levels around is the insertion loss that this part was confirmed.
According to the technical scheme, when the insertion loss of each frequency band is measured when the anti-noise earplugs, the anti-noise earmuffs or the anti-noise earmuffs and the earplugs are worn at the same time, the artificial head simulator is used in a reverberation room.
According to the technical scheme, when the specific equipment is a water turbine of a pumped storage power station, the noise of different working conditions and different places of a certain pumped storage power station is measured, an integral sound level meter is selected for detecting the fixed point noise intensity of a working place, the integrated sound level meter is calibrated before each use, each unit operates normally during the test, and the ventilation protection facilities operate normally.
According to the further technical scheme, the noise of the operation of each unit under the power generation working condition and the water pumping working condition of a certain water pumping and energy storage power station site is measured respectively.
In a further technical scheme, a formula for calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference value of the two is as follows:
wherein: l isAThe equivalent continuous A sound level of a corresponding detection place after the hearing protector is worn is' shown in the specification; f (k) -octave center frequency; l isf(k)-difference of noise of different octave bands; n-the number of octave bands.
Further technical scheme, the scheme of wearing preferably noise control ear muff and earplug are worn simultaneously.
In a second aspect, a workplace noise-control earplug and earmuff joint-action assessment system is disclosed, comprising:
a field noise spectrum acquisition module configured to: detecting the noise condition generated by a specific working place to obtain the noise frequency spectrum of the equipment in the place under various working conditions;
an insertion loss determination module configured to: respectively measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs;
measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously;
a wear protocol evaluation module configured to: selecting the noise spectrum of the point with the greatest harm in the noise spectra under various working conditions under each working condition, subtracting the insertion loss under different frequency bands, and calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the noise spectrum and the insertion loss;
different wearing schemes of earmuffs and earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level.
The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses the artificial head simulator to measure the insertion loss of the earplug, removes subjective error and is simpler and more convenient.
The present invention is more accurate than the existing estimation methods for the combined evaluation of noise-blocking earplugs and earmuffs. The insertion loss under different frequency bands can be calculated, a proper protection method is selected according to pertinence, the similar low-frequency noise is avoided, a high-frequency noise-preventing hearing protector is selected, and the protection effect cannot be achieved. Also avoid being comprehensive for the protective effect, all earplug earmuffs use the excessive protection that brings simultaneously.
According to the invention, through spectral analysis when the anti-noise ear plugs and the anti-noise earmuffs are worn in a combined manner, the hearing protectors suitable for the operators are selected in a targeted manner to ensure the hearing health of the operators.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (right ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs of earbuds when a sound emitter emits 94dB (A) of noise according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (left ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter of an embodiment of the present invention emits 94dB (A) of noise;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (right ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter emits 100dB (A) of noise according to embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (left ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter of an embodiment of the invention emits 100dB (A) of noise;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (right ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter emits 112dB (A) of noise in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (left ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter emits 112dB (A) of noise in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (right ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter of an embodiment of the present invention emits 124dB (A) of noise;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels (left ear canal) of earmuffs wearing earmuffs when a sound emitter of an embodiment of the present invention emits 124dB (A) of noise;
FIG. 9 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of 27 kinds of workplace noises under the power generation condition according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of noises of 19 operation sites under the water pumping condition according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of sound levels of two earplugs in different frequency bands according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of sound levels of two ear cups in different frequency bands according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of sound levels in different frequency bands when an earmuff and an earmuff of an embodiment of the invention are worn simultaneously;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of insertion loss of different listeners in different frequency bands according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of wearing different acoustic protectors in the #2 waterwheel room under the water pumping working condition of the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a method for evaluating joint effect of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in workplaces, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplug: the method is used for evaluating the individual protection effect of the earplug and obtaining the frequency band with good noise blocking effect.
This was done in a reverberation room using a B & K artificial head simulator 4128C. During testing, the non-directional sound source sounding body firstly emits noise, and PLUSE acoustic software is adopted to measure the sound pressure level of each frequency at the microphone when the artificial head simulator is not provided with the hearing protector and is closed. Then the earplug is inserted into the ear canal of an artificial head right ear simulator (4158) and a left ear simulator (4159), the earplug is ensured to be positioned at the center of the end face of the microphone, after the earplug is placed for about 30s, the earplug is ensured to be recovered to a standard state, then the same noise is played through the sound producing body, the sound pressure level of each frequency when the artificial head earplug is closed is measured and calculated again by adopting PLUSE acoustic software, and the difference value of the sound pressure levels of the front frequency and the back frequency is the insertion loss of different frequencies determined by the part.
The invention uses the artificial head simulator to measure the insertion loss of the earplug, removes the subjective error and is simpler and more convenient.
And (3) measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earmuff: this was done in a reverberation room using a B & K artificial head simulator 4128C. When in test, the non-directional sound source sounding body firstly gives out noise, and the received sound pressure level is recorded. Then, the periphery of the auricle surrounded by the noise-proof earmuffs is tightly attached to two sides of the head to completely shield the auditory meatus, the same noise is played through the sounding body after 30 seconds, the sound pressure levels received at the moment under different frequencies are recorded, and the difference value of the sound pressure levels under the two times of previous and next times of frequencies is the insertion loss of different frequencies determined by the part.
And (3) determining the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously: this was done in a reverberation room using a B & K artificial head simulator 4128C. When in test, the non-directional sound source sounding body firstly gives out noise, and the received sound pressure level is recorded. Then the earplug is inserted into an artificial head ear canal, the periphery of an auricle surrounded by the noise-proof earmuffs is slowly clung to two sides of the head to completely shield the ear canal, the same noise is played through the sounding body after 30 seconds, the received sound pressure level is measured by PLUSE acoustic software, and the difference value of the sound pressure levels of the front and the back is the insertion loss determined by the part.
Through detection, the insertion loss of the noise-proof earplugs or the earmuffs when the noise-proof earplugs or the earmuffs are detected independently is not completely consistent with the SNR value given by the product, the attenuation effect of the environment and the auditory canals is considered, and meanwhile, the result of the insertion loss when the earplugs and the earmuffs are worn jointly is also inconsistent with the SNR value of the earmuffs minus 5 dB.
The following description is made in conjunction with an actual test example, performed in an acoustic reverberation room using an artificial head simulator 4128C manufactured by danish B & K company.
The earplug is inserted into the artificial head simulator simulation silica gel ear canal, after the earplug recovers expansion and fully seals the canal, the sounding body is opened to play white noise, the artificial head simulator records the received frequency and sound pressure, and the test result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Wear the noise control ear muff to artifical first simulator on, the silica gel auricle is wrapped completely to the ear muff earcup, opens the sound production body and plays white noise, and artifical first simulator record frequency and the acoustic pressure of accepting sees table 2.
TABLE 2
Insert the earplug in artifical first simulator emulation silica gel ear canal, treat that the earplug resumes the inflation and to fully airtight back of canal, wear the noise control ear muff to artifical first simulator on, the ear muff earcup wraps the silica gel auricle completely, opens sound production body and plays the white noise, and artifical first simulator record frequency and the acoustic pressure of accepting sees table 3.
TABLE 3
According to the formula
Calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the two sound pressure levels,
wherein: l isA' is the corresponding equivalent continuous A sound level after wearing the hearing protector; f (k) -octave center frequency; l isf(k)-difference of noise of different octave bands; n-the number of octave bands.
Whether the wearing is suitable or not is judged according to the total sound pressure level based on the national standard. The invention also calculates the total sound pressure level, and after the operation personnel are protected by the hearing protector, when the effective value of the weighted sound pressure level A is 75-80 dB (A), the protection level of the hearing protector is better, which is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
The detection results of independently wearing the earplugs, the earmuffs and simultaneously wearing the earmuffs are determined through the artificial head simulator, and data show that when the earplug earmuffs are worn simultaneously, the combined action of the earplug earmuffs and the earmuffs is good in protection effect, and the sound pressure level received by the hearing protector with the large SNR value is 7.6 decibels smaller. Some documents have chosen higher SNR values to be subtracted by 5dB when used in combination with ear muffs. And we detected the effect of ear-muff combination wearing by using an artificial head torso simulator, and the wearing should be increased by 7.6 dB.
Example two
The embodiment discloses an application of the method in pumped storage power station hearing protector protection, which specifically comprises the following steps:
noise detection of a water turbine of a pumped storage power station:
in order to fully know the noise condition of the pumped storage power station and evaluate the effectiveness of the noise protection equipment, the noise of different working conditions and different places of a certain pumped storage power station is measured respectively. A2238 type precision integral sound level meter manufactured by the company B & K of Denmark is selected for detecting the fixed-point noise intensity of a workplace. The test is carried out by a scientific research institute of metrology every year, and the test is calibrated before each use. During the test, all the units run normally, and the ventilation and other protective facilities run normally. The operation results of the units under the power generation working condition and the water pumping working condition are detected and shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 noise test results of 1#, 2#, 3# units operating workplace under generating condition
TABLE 6 noise test results of 1#, 2#, 3# units operating workplace under pumping condition
As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, the field operation sites where the equivalent sound level of the power generation condition exceeds 85db (a) are outside the generator layer #1 and inside the noise insulation cover of the #1 generator, outside the bus layer #1 wind tunnel, outside the #2 wind tunnel, outside the #3 wind tunnel, outside the waterwheel layer #1 waterwheel chamber, inside the #1 waterwheel chamber, outside the #2 waterwheel chamber, inside the #3 waterwheel chamber, outside the volute layer #1 tail water cone chamber, outside the #1 tail water cone access door, outside the #2 tail water cone access door, outside the #3 tail water cone chamber, outside the #3 tail water cone access door, outside the #1 bus duct, outside the #2 bus duct, and inside the #3 bus duct, outside the #3 main transformer chamber, outside the #2 main transformer chamber, inside the #1 main transformer chamber, and the cable interlayer. The noise of the operation working places of the 1#, 2# and 3# units under the water pumping working condition exceeds 85dB (A) is detected places such as the outside of a #1 generator, the outside of a #2 generator, the outside of a #3 generator, the outside of a #2 wind tunnel, the outside of a #3 wind tunnel, the inside of a #1 waterwheel, the outside of a #2 waterwheel, the inside of a #2 waterwheel, the outside of a #3 waterwheel, the inside of an air compressor room (operation), the outside of a #1 tail water taper tube, the access door of a #1 tail water taper tube, the outside of a #2 tail water taper tube, the access door of a #3 tail water taper tube and the like. The frequency spectrum measurement and analysis are carried out on the workplaces under different working conditions, and the results are shown in fig. 9 and 10.
Acoustic attenuation effect detection of a sound protector equipped for a pumped storage power station:
the pumped storage power station was equipped with two earplugs and two earmuffs for noise exposure workers, see table 7.
TABLE 7
Selecting 4 types of hearing protectors equipped for employees by a power station, and referring to GB/T7584.3-2011 acoustic hearing protector part 3: insertion loss of earmuff type hearing protectors was measured using a special acoustic testing apparatus and GB/T7584.2-1999 acoustic hearing protector part 2: effective A weighting sound pressure level estimation when wearing hearing-protector[2-3]The insertion loss test is performed on these hearing protectors. Using B&K head and torso simulator 4128C was tested.
The experiment was performed in a reverberation room using a B & K artificial head simulator 4128C.
Firstly, measuring the sound pressure level of a microphone when the artificial head simulator is not provided with a sound protector and is closed by adopting PLUSE acoustic software;
secondly, the hearing protectors are placed in the auditory canals of the artificial head right ear simulator (4158) and the artificial head left ear simulator (4159) according to the numbers, and the hearing protectors are ensured to be positioned in the center of the end faces of the microphones (as shown in figure 3); after the artificial head hearing protector is placed for about 30s, the hearing protector is guaranteed to be restored to a standard state, then a noise source is played through an external loudspeaker, and the sound pressure level of the artificial head hearing protector when the artificial head hearing protector is closed is measured again by adopting PLUSE acoustic software; the same hearing protector was tested in triplicate and the average of triplicates was used for insertion loss calculation. The insertion loss of each frequency band is weighted to obtain the A-weighted sound pressure level.
Through experimental tests, the sound levels of the #1 and #2 earplugs and earmuffs worn separately and jointly at different frequency bands are obtained as shown in fig. 11-13, respectively.
Pink noise is used as a noise source, sound pressure levels under the two conditions of no sound protector sealing and sound protector sealing are respectively tested, the difference value of two measurement results is insertion loss, and the size of the insertion loss reflects the sound attenuation effect of the sound protector. The insertion loss results for these four types of hearing protectors are shown in fig. 14.
And (3) evaluating the protection effect of the pumped storage power station hearing protector:
through field noise detection of the pumped storage power station, when the noise in the #2 waterwheel room is the largest (104.9db (a)) under the pumping working condition, the noise spectrum of the point with the largest harm is selected to be subtracted from the insertion loss of the four hydrophones under different frequency bands, and the result is shown in fig. 15. According to the formula
The total sound pressure level of the difference between the two was calculated as shown in table 8.
Wherein: l isAThe equivalent continuous A sound level of a corresponding detection place after the hearing protector is worn is' shown in the specification; f (k) -octave center frequency; l isf(k)-difference of noise of different octave bands; n-the number of octave bands.
TABLE 8 Sound pressure level (dB (A)) received after wearing the hearing protector in the pumped storage power station # 2 waterwheel room
According to the recommendation in the GB/T23466-2009 audiometer selection guide: after the operation personnel are protected by the hearing protector, when the effective value of the weighted sound pressure level A is 75-80 dB (A), the hearing protector is proved to have a good protection level; while below 70db (a) indicates over-protection of the listener and above 80db (a) it is under-protection. The results in table 8 show that the a weighted sound pressure levels effective after noise reduction of various acoustic protectors in the #2 waterwheel room in the detection site are good, and the sound pressure levels received by the ears of people wearing the #2 earplug and the #2 earmuff are 78.0db (a), so that the protection effect is good. Meanwhile, when the #2 earplug and the #1 earmuff are worn, the protection effect is 80.7dB (A).
Example III
The embodiment discloses a workplace noise control earplug and earmuff combined action evaluation system, including:
a field noise spectrum acquisition module configured to: detecting the noise condition generated by a specific working place to obtain the noise frequency spectrum of the equipment in the place under various working conditions;
an insertion loss determination module configured to: respectively measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs;
measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously;
a wear protocol evaluation module configured to: selecting the noise spectrum of the point with the greatest harm in the noise spectra under various working conditions under each working condition, subtracting the insertion loss under different frequency bands, and calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the noise spectrum and the insertion loss;
different wearing schemes of earmuffs and earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level.
The steps involved in the apparatus of the above embodiment correspond to the first embodiment of the method, and the detailed description thereof can be found in the relevant description of the first embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A workplace noise control earplug and earmuff combined action assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the noise condition generated by a specific working place to obtain the noise frequency spectrum of the equipment in the place under various working conditions;
respectively measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs;
measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously;
selecting the noise spectrum of the point with the greatest harm in the noise spectra under various working conditions under each working condition, subtracting the insertion loss under different frequency bands, and calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the noise spectrum and the insertion loss;
different wearing schemes of earmuffs and earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level.
2. The method for evaluating the joint effect of the noise-proof earplugs and the earmuffs in the workplace according to claim 1, wherein when the wearing scheme of different earmuffs and earplugs is evaluated based on the sound pressure level, the effective value of the sound pressure level is 75-80 dB (A), which indicates that the wearing scheme has a better protection level; whereas below 70db (a) indicates an over-protection of the wearing scheme and above 80db (a) an under-protection.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplug is measured, during the test, a white noise is emitted by a sound-producing body without a directional sound source, the received sound pressure level is recorded, then the earplug is inserted into an artificial head ear canal, a certain time is maintained to ensure that the earplug is recovered to a standard state, then the same white noise is played through the sound-producing body, the received sound pressure level is recorded, and the difference between the two sound pressure levels is determined as the insertion loss.
4. The method for evaluating the joint action of the noise-proof earplugs and the earmuffs in the workplace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earmuffs is measured, during the test, white noise is emitted by a sound-emitting body without a directional sound source, the received sound pressure level is recorded, then the noise-proof earmuffs are tightly attached to the peripheries of the auricles and are tightly attached to the two sides of the head, the auditory meatus is completely shielded, the same white noise is played through the sound-emitting body after a certain time, the received sound pressure level is recorded, and the difference of the sound pressure levels of the front and the back parts is the insertion loss determined by the part.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the insertion loss of each frequency band is determined when the noise-proof earmuff and the earmuff are worn simultaneously, during the test, white noise is emitted by the sound-producing body without the directional sound source, the received sound pressure level is recorded, then the earmuff is inserted into the artificial head ear canal, the noise-proof earmuff is slowly and closely attached to the periphery of the auricle around the auricle on both sides of the head, the ear canal is completely shielded, the same white noise is played through the sound-producing body after a certain time, the received sound pressure level is recorded, and the difference between the sound pressure levels of the two times is the insertion loss determined by the part.
6. The method for evaluating the combined effect of noise-proof earplugs and earmuffs in workplaces according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the determination of the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earplugs, the noise-proof earmuffs or the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously is carried out in a reverberation room by utilizing an artificial head simulator.
7. The method for evaluating the combined action of the noise-proof earplugs and the earmuffs in the workplace as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the specific equipment is a water turbine of a pumped storage power station, the noise of different working conditions and different places of a certain pumped storage power station is measured respectively, an integral sound level meter is selected for detecting the fixed-point noise intensity of the workplace, the noise is calibrated before use every time, units run normally during the test, and protective facilities such as ventilation and the like run normally.
8. The method for evaluating the combined action of the noise-proof earplugs and the earmuffs in the workplace as claimed in claim 7, wherein the noise of the operation of each unit under the power generation condition and the water pumping condition of a certain pumped storage power station site is measured respectively.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the total sound pressure level calculated as the difference between the noise-protected earplugs and the earmuffs is calculated by the formula:
wherein: l isAThe equivalent continuous A sound level of a corresponding detection place after the hearing protector is worn is' shown in the specification; f (k) -octave center frequency; l isf(k)-difference of noise of different octave bands; n-the number of octave bands;
alternatively, the wearing scheme preferably entails that the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously.
10. A workplace noise protection earplug and earmuff joint action assessment system, comprising:
a field noise spectrum acquisition module configured to: detecting the noise condition generated by a specific working place to obtain the noise frequency spectrum of the equipment in the place under various working conditions;
an insertion loss determination module configured to: respectively measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band of the noise-proof earplugs and the noise-proof earmuffs;
measuring the insertion loss of each frequency band when the noise-proof earmuffs and the earplugs are worn simultaneously;
a wear protocol evaluation module configured to: selecting the noise spectrum of the point with the greatest harm in the noise spectra under various working conditions under each working condition, subtracting the insertion loss under different frequency bands, and calculating the total sound pressure level of the difference between the noise spectrum and the insertion loss;
different wearing schemes of earmuffs and earplugs are evaluated based on the sound pressure level.
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| CN114295200A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Vibration noise simulation, propagation, separation and protection integrated evaluation system |
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| CN108896665A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-27 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | The applicability appraisal procedure of workplace noiseproof earplug |
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| CN108896665A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-27 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | The applicability appraisal procedure of workplace noiseproof earplug |
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| 姚守拙: "《现代实验室安全与劳动保护手册 上》", 化学工业出版社, pages: 77 - 78 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114295200A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Vibration noise simulation, propagation, separation and protection integrated evaluation system |
| CN114295200B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-08-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Vibration noise simulation, propagation, separation and protection integrated evaluation system |
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