CN113776712A - Method and device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of half shaft of wheel loader - Google Patents
Method and device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of half shaft of wheel loader Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776712A CN113776712A CN202111027794.7A CN202111027794A CN113776712A CN 113776712 A CN113776712 A CN 113776712A CN 202111027794 A CN202111027794 A CN 202111027794A CN 113776712 A CN113776712 A CN 113776712A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for a half shaft of a wheel loader, which comprises a drive axle main transmission system, a drive axle housing, a half shaft, a wheel edge support, a wheel hub and a wheel edge planetary reduction system, wherein the half shaft is respectively connected with the drive axle main transmission system and the wheel edge planetary reduction system; the key technical problems of accurate measurement, sensor packaging, wire and signal transmission, bridge oil sealing and the like of load signals of the half shaft of the rotating part under complex working conditions are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a torque load testing mode, in particular to a dynamic torque load spectrum testing method and device for a half shaft of a wheel loader.
Background
The half shaft is used as a key component of a loader transmission system, the load data of the half shaft is one of important supports for matching of a power transmission system and optimizing of related transmission components, and the reliability of the half shaft is also an important factor for limiting the service life of the whole transmission system. However, because the axle housing is sealed in the drive axle housing, the space is small, and the dynamic torque load data of the half axle is very difficult to measure.
At present, the case that the dynamic torque of the wheel-side half shaft of the loader is successfully measured and obtained in the domestic engineering machinery industry is not disclosed, the case that the wheel-side six-component sensor is used for measuring the wheel-side torque load in the automobile industry is provided, but the large-torque six-component sensor is high in price and needs to be specially customized because the wheel-side torque of the loader is large, and domestic related engineering machinery enterprises do not have use cases.
Most half shafts are immersed in drive axle oil when working, the distance between the half shafts and an axle housing is very small, the problem of signal transmission between a rotating part and a static part is involved when half shaft load data under the actual working condition is measured, a research team tries to adopt a mode of adhering strain gauges before, but the problem of leakage of axle oil when wires are transmitted and led out from the drive axle is not solved, so that related enterprises in China at present do not successfully measure and obtain the dynamic torque load of the half shafts of the loader, and the mode of adopting static load simulation during design cannot truly reflect the dynamic load of the half shafts when the loader works.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a dynamic torque load spectrum test method and device for a half shaft of a wheel loader are provided.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for a half shaft of a wheel loader comprises a drive axle main transmission system, a drive axle housing, a half shaft, a wheel edge support, a wheel hub and a wheel edge planetary reduction system, wherein the half shaft is respectively connected with the drive axle main transmission system and the wheel edge planetary reduction system;
the specific test method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a spline at one end of a half shaft is cut off to form a tooth socket, a strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the half shaft close to the spline end to form a strain bridge, a lead of the strain bridge is led out from holes of a hollow half shaft connecting flange and a slip ring connecting flange through the tooth socket with teeth cut off and is connected to a wiring terminal at the rotating end of the slip ring, the fixed end of the slip ring is fixed on a frame, the wiring terminal at the fixed end of the slip ring is connected with a data acquisition instrument through a lead to carry out signal acquisition and storage, and dynamic strain data are obtained through the data acquisition instrument;
and step two, setting a half-shaft strain-torque calibration system, obtaining a linear relation between strain and torque by loading standard torque step by step, and converting the dynamic strain data measured in the step one into half-shaft torque data.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the strain bridge is symmetrically arranged, four strain foils of the strain bridge are connected with adjacent strain foils through resistors, the four strain foils are respectively set as a bridge circuit A, a bridge circuit B, a bridge circuit C and a bridge circuit D, the bridge circuit A and the bridge circuit B on the strain bridge are respectively connected with the signal end of the digital sampling cable, and the bridge circuit C and the bridge circuit D on the strain bridge are respectively connected with the power supply end of the digital sampling cable.
The method comprises the specific steps that a strain signal of a strain electric bridge is led out from holes of a hollow half shaft connecting flange and a slip ring connecting flange through a lead and a tooth groove of a cut spline tooth and is connected to a wiring terminal of a slip ring rotating end, a hole is drilled in the middle of a hub end cover, a half shaft connecting flange hole column penetrates out of the hole of the hub end cover to be in threaded connection with the slip ring connecting flange, a framework oil seal is used for sealing the hole position of the hub end cover to prevent bridge oil leakage when the half shaft connecting flange pin column and the hub end cover hole move relatively, an oil seal end cover is used for limiting axial movement of the framework oil seal, the fixed end of the slip ring is fixed on a vehicle frame, and the wiring terminal of the fixed end of the slip ring is connected with a data acquisition instrument through the lead to acquire and store signals.
The half-shaft strain-torque calibration system comprises a calibrated flange, a half shaft, a standard force arm, a standard weight and a calibration pedestal, wherein during calibration, the two ends of the half shaft are respectively connected with the flange, the flange connected with one end of the half shaft is fixed, the flange connected with the other end of the half shaft is connected with the standard force arm, the standard weight is loaded on the standard force arm to enable the half shaft to generate a standard torque load, and the linear relation between strain and torque is obtained in a mode of loading the standard weight step by step.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method and the device for testing the dynamic torque load spectrum of the half shaft of the wheel loader have the following beneficial effects:
the test method disclosed by the invention relates to the auxiliary tool, and has the advantages of simple structure, ingenious design, extremely low manufacturing cost, low price of the strain gauge and stable performance. The invention skillfully solves the key technical problems of accurate measurement, sensor packaging, wire and signal transmission, bridge oil sealing and the like of the load signal of the rotary part half shaft under the complex working condition through the strain bridge, completes the accurate test of the dynamic torque load spectrum of the loader half shaft at lower cost, has strong operability and universality, and can also be suitable for the test of other wheeled vehicles. The design and effective application of the strain bridge and the slip ring in the method avoid the purchase of expensive equipment such as a wheel-side large-torque six-component sensor, a remote measuring system and the like, accurately complete the measurement and the acquisition of the dynamic torque of the half shaft of the loader at lower cost, and also provide effective reference for the tests of other product lines.
The technical features of a method and a device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of a wheel loader axle shaft according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a structural schematic diagram of a dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for a wheel loader half shaft is provided.
FIG. 2: the structure of the testing device is schematically shown (the enlarged state of 7 in fig. 1).
FIG. 3: the structure of the strain bridge is schematically shown in the figure.
FIG. 4: the structure of the strain bridge is shown schematically.
FIG. 5: the structural schematic diagram of the half-shaft strain-torque calibration system.
FIG. 6: a torque-strain calibration curve diagram for a half-shaft strain-torque calibration system.
In the above drawings, the respective reference numerals are explained as follows:
1-a drive axle main transmission system, 2-a drive axle housing, 3-a half shaft, 4-a wheel edge support, 5-a wheel hub, 6-a wheel edge planetary reduction system, 7-a testing device, 8-a strain bridge, 9-a half shaft connecting flange, 10-a wheel hub end cover, 11-a strain bridge conducting wire, 12-a framework oil seal, 13-an oil seal end cover, 14-a slip ring connecting flange, 15-a slip ring, 16-a vehicle frame, 20-a calibration flange, 21-a standard force arm, 22-a standard weight and 23-a calibration pedestal.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a dynamic torque load spectrum testing arrangement of wheeled loader semi-axis, includes transaxle main drive system 1, transaxle case 2, semi-axis 3, wheel limit support 4, wheel hub 5 and wheel limit planet deceleration system 6, and semi-axis 3 is connected with transaxle main drive system 1 and wheel limit planet deceleration system 6 respectively, and wheel limit support 4 overlaps on semi-axis 3 its characterized in that: the half shaft 3 is provided with a testing device 7, the testing device 7 comprises a strain bridge 8 and a strain bridge lead 11, the strain bridge 8 is arranged on the half shaft 3, one end of the strain bridge lead 11 is connected with the strain bridge 8, the other end of the strain bridge lead 11 is led out from the hollow holes of the half shaft connecting flange 9 and the slip ring connecting flange 14 through the tooth grooves of the cut spline teeth and is connected to a wiring terminal at the rotating end of the slip ring 15, and the wiring terminal at the fixed end of the slip ring 15 is connected with a data acquisition instrument through a lead. The middle of the hub end cover 10 is provided with a through hole, a half shaft connecting flange 9 hole column penetrates out of a hub end cover hole to be connected with a sliding ring connecting flange 14 through threads, a framework oil seal 12 and an oil seal end cover 13 are arranged on the through hole of the hub end cover 10, the through hole of the hub end cover 10 is sealed through the framework oil seal 12, the framework oil seal 12 is used for sealing the hole position of the hub end cover 10, bridge oil leakage when the half shaft connecting flange pin column and the hub end cover hole move relatively is prevented, and the oil seal end cover 13 is used for limiting axial movement of the framework oil seal 12.
Because the half shaft is sealed in the axle oil of the driving axle housing, the problems of cable guide and axle oil leakage need to be considered when the lead of the strain bridge is led out of the axle housing. The half shaft connecting flange 9, the hub end cover 10 and the slip ring connecting flange 14 are provided with a lead guiding and sealing device, the specific tool comprises a half shaft connecting flange and a slip ring connecting flange, the middle of the half shaft connecting flange and the middle of the slip ring connecting flange are perforated, and a strain bridge lead is connected to a rotor wiring terminal of a slip ring through a spline tooth groove by two hollow flange guiding devices. Wherein half hub connection flange wears out from the wheel hub end cover of trompil, because the inconsistent two of drive ratio can produce relative rotation when the vehicle gos forward, contains a skeleton oil blanket in consequently the device, solves the bridge oil and reveals the problem.
A method for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of a half shaft of a wheel loader comprises the steps of adhering strain gauges to the surface of the half shaft close to a spline end to form a symmetrical strain full bridge and packaging, measuring a strain signal of a measuring point of the half shaft, transmitting a bridge-circuit strain signal from a rotating end of the half shaft to a fixed end where a strain acquisition system is located through a slip ring, acquiring and storing the strain signal of the measuring point of the half shaft in real time through a data acquisition system in the testing process, calibrating through strain and torque of the half shaft to obtain the linear relation between the torque signal of the half shaft and the strain signal of the measuring point of the half shaft, and converting the acquired strain signal into the torque spectrum of the half shaft.
The specific test method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a spline at one end of a half shaft 3 is cut off to form a tooth socket, a strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the half shaft close to a spline end, namely the surface of the half shaft, which is at least 30mm away from the root of the spline, is adhered to the surface of the spline end to form a strain bridge 8, a strain bridge lead 11 is led out from holes of a hollow half shaft connecting flange 9 and a slip ring connecting flange 14 through the tooth socket of the cut spline tooth and is connected to a wiring terminal at the rotating end of a slip ring 15, a hole is drilled in the middle of a hub end cover 10, a hole column of the half shaft connecting flange 9 penetrates out from the hole of the hub end cover to be in threaded connection with the slip ring connecting flange 14, a framework oil seal 12 is used for sealing the hole position of the hub end cover 10 to prevent leakage of bridge oil when a pin column of the half shaft connecting flange and the hole of the hub end cover move relatively, an oil seal end cover 13 is used for limiting axial movement of the framework oil seal 12, the fixed end of the slip ring 15 is fixed on a vehicle frame 6, and the wiring terminal at the fixed end of the slip ring 15 is connected with a data acquisition instrument through a lead to acquire and store signals, and obtaining dynamic strain data through a data acquisition instrument.
And step two, completing half-shaft strain-torque calibration, specifically designing a half-shaft strain-torque calibration system, obtaining a linear relation between strain and torque in a mode of loading standard torque step by step, and converting the dynamic strain data measured in the step one into half-shaft torque data. According to experiments, the half-axle strain-torque calibration system obtains a torque-strain calibration curve of y =5.4122x +10.952, R2And (3) setting the dynamic strain data measured in the step one into a linear relation between the strain and the torque to obtain half-axle torque data, wherein y is the torque (N.m) and x is the strain value (mum).
In the first step, aiming at the temperature rise of bridge oil and the influence of bending load possibly borne by a half shaft in the test process, a strain bridge circuit of a strain bridge 8 is designed into a strain full bridge, and strain gauges are symmetrically arranged to automatically eliminate the temperature drift influence and the strain signal generated by the bending load. The strain bridge 8 is provided with four strain gauges which are respectively connected with adjacent strain gauges through resistors, the four strain gauges are respectively provided with a bridge circuit A, a bridge circuit B, a bridge circuit C and a bridge circuit D, the bridge circuit A and the bridge circuit B on the strain bridge 8 are respectively connected with the signal end of the digital sampling cable, and the bridge circuit C and the bridge circuit D on the strain bridge 8 are respectively connected with the power supply end of the digital sampling cable. The strain gauge, the strain glue and the protective glue are oil-resistant and 100 ℃ high-temperature-resistant products, and the strain bridge and the lead are covered by the high-temperature-resistant protective glue.
In the second step, the half-shaft strain-torque calibration system comprises a calibration flange 20, a half shaft 3, a standard force arm 21, a standard weight 22 and a calibration pedestal 23, wherein during calibration, the two ends of the half shaft 3 are respectively connected with the flange 20, the flange 20 connected with one end of the half shaft 3 is fixed, the flange 20 connected with the other end of the half shaft 3 is connected with the standard force arm 21, the standard weight 22 is loaded on the standard force arm 21, the half shaft 3 generates a standard torque load, and the linear relation between strain and torque is obtained by loading the standard weight 22 step by step. Since the strain bridge outputs a strain signal, the strain signal is converted into a torque signal through a strain-torque calibration process of the half shaft. A standard group of standard torques can be generated through a group of standard weights with different specifications and a standard force arm in the calibration process, and the linear relation between strain and torque is obtained in a step-by-step loading mode.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a dynamic torque load spectrum testing arrangement of wheeled loader semi-axis, includes transaxle main drive system, transaxle case, semi-axis, wheel limit supporting, wheel hub and wheel limit planet deceleration system, and the semi-axis is connected with transaxle main drive system and wheel limit planet deceleration system respectively, and the wheel limit supporting overlaps on the semi-axis its characterized in that: the half shaft is provided with a testing device, the testing device comprises a strain bridge and a strain bridge lead, the strain bridge is arranged on the half shaft, one end of the strain bridge lead is connected with the strain bridge, the other end of the strain bridge lead is led out from holes of the hollow half shaft connecting flange and the slip ring connecting flange through a tooth groove of cut spline teeth and is connected to a wiring terminal at the rotating end of the slip ring, and the wiring terminal at the fixed end of the slip ring is connected with a data acquisition instrument through a lead;
the specific test method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a spline at one end of a half shaft is cut off to form a tooth socket, a strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the half shaft close to the spline end to form a strain bridge, a lead of the strain bridge is led out from holes of a hollow half shaft connecting flange and a slip ring connecting flange through the tooth socket with teeth cut off and is connected to a wiring terminal at the rotating end of the slip ring, the fixed end of the slip ring is fixed on a frame, the wiring terminal at the fixed end of the slip ring is connected with a data acquisition instrument through a lead to carry out signal acquisition and storage, and dynamic strain data are obtained through the data acquisition instrument;
and step two, setting a half-shaft strain-torque calibration system, obtaining a linear relation between strain and torque by loading standard torque step by step, and converting the dynamic strain data measured in the step one into half-shaft torque data.
2. The dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for the half shafts of the wheel loaders as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the strain bridge is symmetrically arranged, four strain foils of the strain bridge are connected with adjacent strain foils through resistors, the four strain foils are respectively set as a bridge circuit A, a bridge circuit B, a bridge circuit C and a bridge circuit D, the bridge circuit A and the bridge circuit B on the strain bridge are respectively connected with the signal end of the digital sampling cable, and the bridge circuit C and the bridge circuit D on the strain bridge are respectively connected with the power supply end of the digital sampling cable.
3. The dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for the half shafts of the wheel loaders as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the specific steps that a strain signal of a strain electric bridge is led out from holes of a hollow half shaft connecting flange and a slip ring connecting flange through a lead and a tooth groove of a cut spline tooth and is connected to a wiring terminal of a slip ring rotating end, a hole is drilled in the middle of a hub end cover, a half shaft connecting flange hole column penetrates out of the hole of the hub end cover to be in threaded connection with the slip ring connecting flange, a framework oil seal is used for sealing the hole position of the hub end cover to prevent bridge oil leakage when the half shaft connecting flange pin column and the hub end cover hole move relatively, an oil seal end cover is used for limiting axial movement of the framework oil seal, the fixed end of the slip ring is fixed on a vehicle frame, and the wiring terminal of the fixed end of the slip ring is connected with a data acquisition instrument through the lead to acquire and store signals.
4. The dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for the half shafts of the wheel loaders as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the half-shaft strain-torque calibration system comprises a calibration flange, a half shaft, a standard force arm, a standard weight and a calibration pedestal, wherein during calibration, two ends of the half shaft are respectively connected with the flange, the flange connected with one end of the half shaft is fixed, the flange connected with the other end of the half shaft is connected with the standard force arm, the standard weight is loaded on the standard force arm to enable the half shaft to generate a standard torque load, and the linear relation between strain and torque is obtained in a mode of loading the standard weight step by step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111027794.7A CN113776712A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method and device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of half shaft of wheel loader |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111027794.7A CN113776712A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method and device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of half shaft of wheel loader |
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| CN113776712A true CN113776712A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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| CN202111027794.7A Pending CN113776712A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method and device for testing dynamic torque load spectrum of half shaft of wheel loader |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115855532A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 山东明宇重工机械有限公司 | Wheel loader semi-axis dynamic torque load spectrum testing device |
| CN116558699A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-08-08 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Helicopter rotor wing brake starting torque measurement method and system |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 CN CN202111027794.7A patent/CN113776712A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115855532A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 山东明宇重工机械有限公司 | Wheel loader semi-axis dynamic torque load spectrum testing device |
| CN115855532B (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-05 | 山东明宇重工机械有限公司 | Dynamic torque load spectrum testing device for wheel loader half shaft |
| CN116558699A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-08-08 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Helicopter rotor wing brake starting torque measurement method and system |
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