CN113775917B - Multi-scale composite structural member material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale composite structural member material and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113775917B CN113775917B CN202111107368.4A CN202111107368A CN113775917B CN 113775917 B CN113775917 B CN 113775917B CN 202111107368 A CN202111107368 A CN 202111107368A CN 113775917 B CN113775917 B CN 113775917B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16S—CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS IN GENERAL; STRUCTURES BUILT-UP FROM SUCH ELEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- F16S5/00—Other constructional members not restricted to an application fully provided for in a single class
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/20—Polyamides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16S—CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS IN GENERAL; STRUCTURES BUILT-UP FROM SUCH ELEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- F16S3/00—Elongated members, e.g. profiled members; Assemblies thereof; Gratings or grilles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-scale composite structural member material and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the composite structural member material consists of an outer shell (1) and a multi-component multi-scale body filled in the shell; the shell (1) is made of one of steel alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, lithium alloy or high polymer material; the multi-component multi-scale body comprises: ceramic particles, a flow aid (4) and a binder (5). The manufacturing method of the composite structural member material mainly comprises the following steps: sieving the ceramic particles, the flow aid and the binder, uniformly mixing a material body consisting of the ceramic particles, the flow aid (4) and the binder (5), adjusting the water content of the material body, filling the material body into a shell (1), drying and compacting the filled material body, and finally performing heat curing. Compared with the conventional material for preparing the precise mechanical structural member, such as steel alloy, the invention obviously improves the key indexes of the material, such as specific strength, specific rigidity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a multi-scale composite structural member material and a manufacturing method thereof.
Technical Field
Materials used for preparing precise mechanical structural parts are generally required to have high mechanical strength and mechanical rigidity, and are often required to have mass density as low as possible on mobile equipment such as vehicles, ships, carrier rockets, aerospace vehicles and the like, and in combination, the specific strength and specific rigidity indexes of the materials are required to be high enough. Although a common mechanical structural material, the specific stiffness and specific rigidity of the steel alloy are not outstanding. In recent years, carbon fiber composite materials have been rapidly developed, the specific strength and specific rigidity of the carbon fiber composite materials have respectively reached more than 10 times and 4 times of that of steel, and the carbon fiber composite materials replace steel alloys in some application scenes. However, it should be noted that the production process of the carbon fiber composite material is still complicated, and the high manufacturing cost thereof limits the scale application thereof. On the other hand, engineering ceramics such as silicon carbide and the like are materials with high specific compressive strength and high specific stiffness, the indexes of the specific compressive strength and the specific stiffness are even better than those of carbon fiber composite materials, but the fracture toughness of the engineering ceramics is poor, and the generation process for preparing a precise structural member is very expensive, so that the precise ceramic structural member product is very rare. In summary, a precise mechanical structural member material which has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, low manufacturing cost and the like at the same time is still lacking in the current market.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-scale composite structural member material and a manufacturing method thereof aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and solves the problem that a precise mechanical structural member material which has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, low manufacturing cost and the like is still lack in the market.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: providing a multi-scale composite structural member material, wherein the composite structural member material consists of an outer shell 1 and a multi-component multi-scale body filled in the shell; the shell 1 is made of one of steel alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, lithium alloy or high polymer material, and the outline and the precise size of the shell 1 are obtained by processing with conventional precise processing equipment; the multi-component multi-scale body comprises: the ceramic body comprises ceramic particles, a flow aid 4 and a binder 5, wherein the volume content of the ceramic particles in the body is 60-99%, the volume content of the flow aid is 0-10% and the volume content of the binder is 1-40%.
Further, the ceramic particles are one or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide.
Furthermore, the ceramic particles of the present invention have a particle size range of 0.01 to 200 μm, and have a particle size distribution of at least two grades, wherein the volume content of the particles 2 having a large particle size grade is 5 to 50%, the volume content of the particles 3 having a small particle size grade is 50 to 95%, and the average particle size of the particles 2 having a large particle size grade is three times or more the average particle size of the particles 3 having a small particle size grade.
Further, the glidant 4 is one or more mixed powder of graphite powder, talcum powder, silica gel powder and sodium stearate powder.
Further, the particle size range of the powder of the glidant 4 is 0.01 to 200 micrometers.
Further, the binder 5 of the present invention is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester resin, benzoxazine resin and aluminum powder.
Furthermore, the powder particle size range of the binder 5 is 0.01-200 microns.
Further, the manufacturing method of the composite structural member material comprises the following steps:
1) screening the ceramic particles, the flow aid 4 and the binder 5 by using a screening device;
2) mixing the ceramic particles, the flow aid 4 and the binder 5 selected after screening by using a mixing device for 1-24 hours;
3) adjusting the water content of the mixed material body in a water content adjusting device, and controlling the volume water content to be in the range of 0-5%;
4) filling the powder into the cavity of the structural part shell 1 until the cavity is filled;
5) placing the structural member of the filler body in a drying device for drying;
6) performing compaction operation on the dried structural part by using a compaction device;
7) carrying out hot curing process operation on the vibrated structural part;
further, the thermosetting process of the method of the invention is divided into at least three sections: the first stage is to heat the temperature from room temperature to 90-100 ℃ and keep the temperature for 10-30 min; in the second stage, the temperature is continuously increased to 110-200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1.0-2.0 h; the third stage is to cool the temperature from 110 to 200 ℃ to 30 to 60 ℃.
Has the advantages that:
1. compared with the conventional material for preparing the precise mechanical structural member, such as steel alloy, the invention obviously improves the key indexes of the material, such as specific strength, specific rigidity and the like.
2. Compared with the carbon fiber composite material for preparing the precise mechanical structural member, the invention obviously reduces the complexity of the production process and greatly reduces the production cost.
3. Compared with engineering ceramic materials, the invention obviously improves fracture toughness, reduces production process complexity, and simultaneously ensures that the prepared mechanical structural part has high-precision overall dimension.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-scale composite structural member material having a profiled shape according to the present invention
Reference numerals: 1-composite structural member material housing; 2-large particle size ceramic particles; 3-small particle size ceramic particles; 4-binder particles; 5-glidant granules;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a multi-scale composite structural member material having a rod-shaped profile according to the present invention
Reference numerals: 1-composite structural member material housing; 2-large-particle-size ceramic particles; 3-small particle size ceramic particles; 4-glidant granules; 5-binder particles;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the fabrication of the multi-scale composite structural member material of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a multi-scale composite structural member material composed of an outer shell 1 and a multi-component multi-scale body filled in the shell; the shell 1 is made of one of steel alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, lithium alloy or high polymer material, and the outline and the precise size of the shell 1 are obtained by processing with conventional precise processing equipment; the multi-component multi-scale body comprises: the ceramic body comprises ceramic particles, a flow aid 4 and a binder 5, wherein the volume content of the ceramic particles in the body is 60-99%, the volume content of the flow aid is 0-10% and the volume content of the binder is 1-40%.
The ceramic particles are one or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide.
The ceramic particles have a particle size range of 0.01-200 microns, and the particle size distribution has at least two grades, wherein the volume content of the particles 2 with large particle size grades is 5-50%, the volume content of the particles 3 with small particle size grades is 50-95%, and the average particle size of the particles 2 with large particle size grades is more than three times that of the particles 3 with small particle size grades.
The glidant 4 is one or more mixed powder of graphite powder, talcum powder, silica gel powder and sodium stearate powder.
The powder particle size range of the glidant 4 is 0.01-200 microns.
The binder 5 is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin, benzoxazine resin and aluminum powder.
The powder particle size range of the binder 5 is 0.01-200 microns.
The manufacturing method of the composite structural member material of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and comprises:
1) screening the ceramic particles, the flow aid 4 and the binder 5 by using a screening device;
2) mixing the ceramic particles, the flow aid 4 and the binder 5 selected after screening by using a mixing device for 1-24 hours;
3) adjusting the water content of the mixed material body in a water content adjusting device, and controlling the volume water content to be in the range of 0-5%;
4) filling the above-mentioned material body into the cavity of the structural member shell 1 until it is filled;
5) placing the structural member of the filler body in a drying device for drying;
6) performing compaction operation on the dried structural part by using a compaction device;
7) and carrying out hot curing process operation on the vibrated structural part.
The thermosetting process of the method is at least divided into three sections: the first stage is to heat the temperature from room temperature to 90-100 ℃ and keep the temperature for 10-30 min; in the second stage, the temperature is continuously increased to 110-200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1.0-2.0 h; the third stage is to cool the temperature from 110 to 200 ℃ to 30 to 60 ℃.
The described embodiments of the invention are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-scale composite structural member material, characterized by: the composite structural part material consists of an outer shell (1) and a multi-component multi-scale body filled in the shell; the multi-component multi-scale body comprises: the ceramic body comprises ceramic particles, a flow aid (4) and a binder (5), wherein the volume content of the ceramic particles in the body is 60-99%, the volume content of the flow aid is 0-10% and the volume content of the binder is 1-40%; the ceramic particles have a particle size range of 0.01-200 microns, and the particle size distribution has at least two grades, wherein the volume content of the particles (2) with large particle size grades is 5-50%, the volume content of the particles (3) with small particle size grades is 50-95%, and the average particle size of the particles (2) with large particle size grades is more than three times that of the particles (3) with small particle size grades;
the powder particle size range of the flow aid (4) is 0.01-200 microns;
the powder particle size range of the binder (5) is 0.01-200 microns.
2. A multi-scale composite structural member material according to claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) is made of one of steel alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, lithium alloy or high polymer material; the outline and the precise size of the shell (1) are obtained by processing with conventional precision processing equipment.
3. A multi-scale composite structural member material according to claim 1, wherein: the ceramic particles are one or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide.
4. A multi-scale composite structural member material according to claim 1, wherein: the glidant (4) is one or more mixed powder of graphite powder, talcum powder, silica gel powder and sodium stearate powder.
5. A multi-scale composite structural member material according to claim 1, wherein: the binder (5) is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin, benzoxazine resin and aluminum powder.
6. A method for manufacturing a multi-scale composite structural member material is characterized in that: the manufacturing method of the composite structural member material comprises the following steps:
step 1: screening the ceramic particles, the flow aid and the binder by using a screening device;
step 2: mixing the ceramic particles, the flow aid and the binder selected after screening by using a mixing device for 1-24 hours;
and step 3: adjusting the water content of the mixed material body in a water content adjusting device, and controlling the volume water content to be in the range of 0-5%;
and 4, step 4: filling the material body into a cavity of a structural member shell (1) until the cavity is filled;
and 5: placing the filled structural member into a drying device for drying;
step 6: performing compaction operation on the dried structural part by using a compaction device;
and 7: carrying out hot curing process operation on the vibrated structural part;
the ceramic particles have a particle size range of 0.01-200 microns, and the particle size distribution has at least two grades, wherein the volume content of the particles (2) with large particle size grades is 5-50%, the volume content of the particles (3) with small particle size grades is 50-95%, and the average particle size of the particles (2) with large particle size grades is more than three times that of the particles (3) with small particle size grades;
the powder particle size range of the flow aid (4) is 0.01-200 microns;
the powder particle size range of the binder (5) is 0.01-200 microns.
7. The method of manufacturing a multi-scale composite structural member material of claim 6, wherein: the thermal curing process of the method is divided into at least three sections: the first stage is to heat the temperature from room temperature to 90-100 ℃ and keep the temperature for 10-30 min; in the second stage, the temperature is continuously increased to 110-200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1.0-2.0 h; the third stage is to cool the temperature from 110 to 200 ℃ to 30 to 60 ℃.
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| ZA974090B (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-12-18 | Henkel Corp | Internal reinforcement for hollow structural elements. |
| US6878434B2 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-04-12 | Kyocera Corporation | Composite construction and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20070141316A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-21 | Mcgrath Ralph D | Tri-extruded WUCS glass fiber reinforced plastic composite articles and methods for making such articles |
| CN107572890B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-08-28 | 湖南国汇新材料有限公司 | Mineral casting material filled with ceramic waste and application and product thereof |
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