CN113775096A - Rigid roof, building and construction method of rigid roof - Google Patents

Rigid roof, building and construction method of rigid roof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113775096A
CN113775096A CN202111013730.1A CN202111013730A CN113775096A CN 113775096 A CN113775096 A CN 113775096A CN 202111013730 A CN202111013730 A CN 202111013730A CN 113775096 A CN113775096 A CN 113775096A
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China
Prior art keywords
rigid
radial
support
roof
assembly
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CN202111013730.1A
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Inventor
冯咏钢
傅学怡
王启文
黄伟
刘纪斌
曾锦轩
刘镒忠
王宝婧
高原
吴上坤
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Shenzhen General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co Ltd
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Shenzhen General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111013730.1A priority Critical patent/CN113775096A/en
Publication of CN113775096A publication Critical patent/CN113775096A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rigid roof, a building and a construction method of the rigid roof, wherein the rigid roof comprises the following components: rigidity clamping ring, rigidity pull ring and a plurality of radial connection subassembly, rigidity pull ring are used for connecting in the top of building, and the rigidity pull ring is located the periphery of rigidity clamping ring and sets up a plurality of with rigidity clamping ring interval radial connection subassembly is the rigidity subassembly, and is a plurality of radial connection subassembly becomes radial setting along the center of rigidity clamping ring, and radial connection subassembly includes relative first end and second end, and first end rigid connection is in the rigidity clamping ring, and second end rigid connection is in the rigidity pull ring. The rigid roof, the building and the construction method of the rigid roof have the characteristics of reasonable stress, simple and convenient construction, material saving and high stability.

Description

Rigid roof, building and construction method of rigid roof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of large-span space structures of buildings, in particular to a rigid roof, a building and a construction method of the rigid roof.
Background
At present, in large-span buildings at home and abroad, annular tension cable truss structures, spoke type beam string structures and some novel cable truss structures are widely applied to roof design of the large-span buildings. In the design of the cable truss structure, the stress analysis process is complex, no general program is available, the structure can be completely analyzed, and the design of the cable truss structure can be realized only by the need of a designer to have higher professional background and special skills. When the cable truss structure is constructed, the stay cable is a flexible member and needs to be tensioned during construction, so that construction forming analysis is closely related to the actual tensioning process of the structure, the requirement on construction teams is high, and the popularization of the cable truss structure cannot be realized. In addition, in the cable truss structure, when the cable truss structure encounters strong wind or strong wind, the structure is greatly deformed, and simultaneously, large noise is generated, which affects the service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a rigid roof, a building and a construction method of the rigid roof, which have the characteristics of reasonable stress, simplicity and convenience in construction, material saving and high stability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a rigid roof, a building, and a construction method of the rigid roof, the rigid roof being applied to the building, the rigid roof including:
a rigid compression ring;
the rigid pull ring is used for being connected to the top of the building, is positioned on the periphery of the rigid press ring and is arranged at intervals with the rigid press ring; and
a plurality of radial connection subassembly, it is a plurality of radial connection subassembly is the rigidity subassembly, and is a plurality of radial connection subassembly follows the center of rigidity clamping ring becomes radial setting, radial connection subassembly includes relative first end and second end, first end rigid connection in the rigidity clamping ring, second end rigid connection in the rigidity pull ring.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the rigid compression ring comprises at least one of a solid web steel beam, a planar truss or a space truss;
the rigid pull ring comprises at least one of a solid-web steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss;
the radial connection assembly includes at least one of a steel beam, a planar truss, or a space truss.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the rigid roof further comprises at least one ring of hoop assemblies, the hoop assemblies are disposed between the rigid press ring and the rigid pull ring, and the hoop assemblies are connected to the radial connecting assemblies.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, when the circumferential assembly has a plurality of turns, the plurality of turns of the circumferential assembly are equally spaced between the rigid pressing ring and the rigid pulling ring.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the hoop assemblies are plane trusses or space trusses.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the rigid roof further comprises a circumferential support assembly located between and rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring and the circumferential assembly adjacent to the rigid pull ring.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a first support space is formed between the rigid pull ring and the circumferential component adjacent to the rigid pull ring, and the plurality of radial connecting components divide the first support space into a plurality of first support units, and each of the first support units has the circumferential support component connected therein.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the circumferential support assembly includes a first diagonal rod and a second diagonal rod connected to the first diagonal rod in a crossing manner, and both ends of the first diagonal rod and the second diagonal rod are respectively and rigidly connected to the first support unit.
As an alternative, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the rigid roof further comprises a first radial support assembly located between the rigid compression ring and the rigid pull ring, the first radial support assembly being rigidly connected to two adjacent radial connection assemblies.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a second supporting space is formed between the rigid compression ring and the circumferential component adjacent to the rigid compression ring, the plurality of radial connecting components divide the second supporting space into a plurality of second supporting units, and the first radial supporting component is connected to at least two of the second supporting units.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the first radial support assembly includes a third diagonal rod and a fourth diagonal rod cross-connected to the third diagonal rod, and both ends of the third diagonal rod and the fourth diagonal rod are respectively and rigidly connected to the second support unit.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the rigid roof further includes a second radial support assembly, a third support space is formed between two adjacent circumferential assemblies, a plurality of radial connection assemblies divide the third support space into a plurality of third support units, and the second radial support assembly is connected to at least two of the third support units.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second radial support assembly includes a fifth diagonal rod and a sixth diagonal rod connected to the fifth diagonal rod in a crossing manner, and two crossing ends of the fifth diagonal rod and the sixth diagonal rod are respectively and rigidly connected to the third support unit.
In order to achieve the above object, in a second aspect, the present invention discloses a building comprising a rigid roof as described in the first aspect above, said rigid roof being attached to the top of said building.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the building further comprises a movable hinge support comprising a fixed end fixedly connected to the building roof and a connecting end rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing a rigid roof according to the first aspect, the method comprising:
mounting the rigid tab to a building roof;
installing a temporary support inside the rigid pull ring;
installing the radial link assembly, rigidly connecting the radial link assembly to the rigid pull ring and supporting the temporary support to the radial link assembly;
mounting the rigid press ring, enabling the rigid press ring to be located inside the rigid pull ring, and enabling the rigid press ring to be connected to the radial connecting assembly;
and removing the temporary support.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a rigidity roof, the construction method of building and rigidity roof, rigidity roof includes the rigidity clamping ring, rigidity pull ring and a plurality of radial connection subassembly, the rigidity pull ring is used for connecting rigidity roof in the top of building, and the rigidity pull ring be located the periphery of rigidity clamping ring and set up with rigidity clamping ring interval, the rigidity pull ring, connect through a plurality of radial connection subassemblies between the rigidity clamping ring, a plurality of radial connection subassemblies become radial arrangement along the center of rigidity clamping ring simultaneously, each radial connection subassembly's both ends difference rigid connection in rigidity clamping ring and rigidity pull ring. This rigidity roof passes through radial coupling assembling transmission gravity, and rigidity pull ring bears pulling force simultaneously, and rigidity clamping ring bears pressure to realize the atress self-balancing system of whole rigidity roof. And because the rigid roof of this application is guaranteeing under the stable circumstances of atress, the rational simplification structural design for the atress analysis of this rigid roof is more simple and convenient, reduces designer's technical requirement, and the facilitate promotion, and the simplification of structure makes the construction of rigid roof more simple and convenient, can save material simultaneously, reduce cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid roof according to a first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the rigid roof provided in the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a stress analysis of the rigid roof under an external load according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the radial connecting members of the rigid roof according to the first aspect of the present embodiment in a linear form;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a radial connecting assembly of the rigid roof according to the first aspect of the present embodiment in a curved shape;
fig. 6 is a vertical displacement curve of the rigid compression ring at different rise-to-span ratios when the radial connecting assembly of the rigid roof provided in the first aspect of the present embodiment is a linear type;
fig. 7 is a vertical displacement curve of the rigid compression ring at different rise-to-span ratios when the radial connecting assembly of the rigid roof provided in the first aspect of the present embodiment is curved;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the rigid roof with a ring of hoop assemblies provided in accordance with the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid roof with a multi-turn hoop assembly according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid roof with a multi-turn hoop assembly according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a top view of the rigid roof with a multi-turn hoop assembly according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid roof with a plurality of turns of circumferential members, a circumferential support member, and first and second radial support members according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a top view of a rigid roof having a plurality of turns of a circumferential member, a circumferential support member, and first and second radial support members according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of portion D of FIG. 15;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 15;
FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid roof with a plurality of circumferential members, a circumferential support member, a first radial support member, and a second radial support member according to the first aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of portion F of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a building structure according to a second aspect of the present embodiment;
fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of a movable hinge support of a building according to the second aspect of the present embodiment;
FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a construction method of the rigid roof according to the third aspect of the present embodiment;
fig. 24 is a diagram showing arrangement of temporary supports in the construction method of the rigid roof according to the third aspect of the present embodiment.
Icon: 10. a rigid compression ring; 20. a rigid pull ring; 30. a radial connection assembly; 31. a first end; 32. a second end; 40. a hoop assembly; 41; a first circumferential component; 42. a second annular component; 43. a third circumferential component; 50. a circumferential support assembly; 51. a first diagonal member; 52. a second diagonal member; 61. a first supporting unit; 611. a first node; 612. a second node; 613. a third node; 614. a fourth node; 62. a second supporting unit; 621. a fifth node; 622. a sixth node; 623. a seventh node; 624. an eighth node; 63. a third supporting unit; 631. a ninth node; 632. a tenth node; 633. an eleventh node; 634. a twelfth node; 70. a first radial support assembly; 71. a third diagonal member; 72. a fourth diagonal member; 80. a second radial support assembly; 81. a fifth diagonal member; 82. a sixth diagonal member; 100. a rigid roof; 101. a temporary support; 200. building; 210. a building roof; 220. a movable hinged support; 221. a fixed end; 222. and a connecting end.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the specific nature and configuration may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of the indicated devices, elements, or components. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
With the diversification of functional requirements of people on building venues, the functional requirements of sports venues, exhibition venues and the like are more and more diversified. Taking a gymnasium as an example, as a landmark building for representing the sports culture spirit of a city, the gymnasium building not only needs to meet the activity requirement of accommodating a plurality of sports, but also needs to accommodate tens of thousands of audiences to watch sports. Therefore, the gymnasium building has the characteristics of high practicability and strong compatibility when being used as a landmark building. In order to accommodate tens of thousands of audiences, gymnasium buildings usually occupy a large area and are mostly of large-span structures, in addition, in order to meet the landmark type building requirements of the gymnasium buildings, the building appearance of the gymnasium buildings usually needs to be specially designed, the traditional gymnasium buildings mostly adopt rigid roof structure systems such as net racks, net shells, cantilever pipe trusses, arch supports and the like so as to form unique structural shapes, and meanwhile, the traditional structural systems and construction methods are mature and are familiar and mastered by vast designers, namely, the roof of the gymnasium buildings is designed into a steel structure, which has become a trend.
With the successive appearance of the cable dome structure and the cable membrane structure, the gym mostly adopts the flexible space cable truss structure, so that the unique appearance design is achieved, and meanwhile, the lighting and the audience visual field of the gymnasium building are improved by the building roof with the large opening in the middle.
However, compared with the common structural system, the annular tension cable truss structure has the main difference that the vertical rigidity of the structure is a source, and the vertical rigidity of the annular tension cable truss structure is basically contributed by prestress, namely, the inner annular cable is pulled by tensioning the radial cables, and the outer annular beam is compressed to form a stable initial balance state of the structure, and the rigidity can be obtained as required by adjusting the prestress. The initial balance state of the structure is realized by applying prestress on flexible members such as guys and the like after the construction is finished, so that the stress analysis difficulty of the whole structure is increased in the design process of the annular tension cable truss structure, meanwhile, because the flexible members are greatly influenced by external loads, the three stages of initial form, form and load state of the whole construction are required in the design process, the three stages comprise traditional internal force calculation and more importantly, the geometric and topological analysis of a system, the analysis method and the analysis means are obviously different from the thinking habit of the traditional structure, no general program can be used for completely analyzing the structure, and the technology can be mastered and applied only by high professional background and special skills. In addition, the annular tension cable truss structure is not controlled in the shape of the flexible member in the construction process, so that the annular tension cable truss structure needs to be installed according to the topological relation in the construction process, and the working difficulty of constructors is greatly increased. In addition, the flexible structure has a large influence under the action of external load, i.e. is easy to deform or generates great noise, which may affect the user experience.
And to ordinary structural system, for example the latticed shell, rack or structure of encorbelmenting, its structural style mainly is full overlay type roof structure, do not have the big trompil structure in middle part of building promptly, if in order to realize the requirement of the big trompil in middle part, need support roof structural system or add the girder steel and encorbelment, nevertheless because this kind of building requires highlyer to the atress of the girder steel of encorbelmenting, make the intensity requirement to the steel column that is used for fixed girder steel of encorbelmenting extremely high, and life is lower, especially to the transformation work of current gymnasium building, the bearing system among the current structure can't realize bearing to the structure of encorbelmenting, lead to the life of gymnasium building to reduce greatly.
Based on this, this application discloses rigidity roof, this rigidity roof adopts the steel construction design, including rigidity clamping ring, rigidity pull ring and a plurality of radial connection subassembly, through set up the rigidity pull ring in the periphery of rigidity clamping ring and with rigidity clamping ring interval setting, a plurality of radial connection subassemblies simultaneously arrange become radial distribution in the center of rigidity clamping ring between rigidity clamping ring and the rigidity pull ring and along the rigidity clamping ring, and the both ends difference rigid connection of every radial connection subassembly in rigidity clamping ring and rigidity pull ring. Therefore, a self-balancing system of the structure is formed by utilizing the self weight of each structure (such as the rigid compression ring, the rigid pull ring and the radial connecting assembly), additional tension is not required to be applied, and the overall rigidity and the strength of the structure for bearing external load are greatly improved.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a rigid roof 100, the rigid roof 100 is applied to a building to be installed on the top of the building, the rigid roof 100 includes a rigid compression ring 10, a rigid pull ring 20, and a plurality of radial connecting assemblies 30; the rigid pull ring 20 is used for being connected to the top of a building, and the rigid pull ring 20 is arranged on the periphery of the rigid press ring 10 and is arranged at a distance from the rigid press ring 10; a plurality of radial connecting members 30 are arranged between the rigid pressure ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, the plurality of radial connecting members 30 being radially distributed along the centre of the rigid pressure ring 10, and each radial connecting member 30 comprising opposite first and second ends 31, 32, the first end 31 of the radial connecting member 30 being rigidly connected to the rigid pressure ring 10 and the second end 32 of the radial connecting member 30 being rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring 20.
It will be appreciated that the rigid roof 100 is an inner and outer ring structure, the rigid pressure ring 10 acting as an inner ring of the rigid roof 100, the inner ring being under compression when the rigid roof 100 is built to form the rigid pressure ring 10, and the rigid pull ring 20 acting as an outer ring of the rigid roof 100, the outer ring being under tension when the rigid roof 100 is built to form the rigid pull ring 20.
I.e. the rigid connection between the structures in the rigid roof 100 is adopted to form a structural whole, it can be seen that the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20 and the plurality of radial connecting assemblies 30 form a complete rigid roof 100 by rigid connection. In actual construction, the rigid tab 20 may be rigidly connected to the top of the building to form the connection foundation of the rigid roof 100; then, building a temporary support, wherein the temporary support is used for supporting the radial connecting assembly 30 in the construction process of the rigid roof 100; rigidly connecting the second end 32 of the radial connecting assembly 30 to the rigid tab 20, while overlapping a portion of the radial connecting assembly 30 to a temporary support, and supporting the radial connecting assembly 30 by the temporary support, so that the radial connecting assembly 30 can be suspended on the side of the temporary support facing away from the rigid tab 20 after the second end 32 of the radial connecting assembly 30 is connected to the rigid tab 20, that is, suspending the first end 31 of the radial connecting assembly 30 in the air to reach the height at which the rigid tab 10 needs to be installed; after all the second ends 32 of the radial link assemblies 30 are rigidly connected to the rigid tabs 20 while overlapping the temporary supports, the first ends 31 of the radial link assemblies 30 may form a mounting space for the rigid compression rings 10; finally, the rigid compression ring 10 is rigidly connected to the first end 31 of the radial connecting assembly 30 and the temporary support is removed.
Because the temporary support is used for supporting the radial connecting assembly 30 in the construction process of the rigid roof 100, the temporary support bears the gravity from the radial connecting assembly 30, and simultaneously bears part of the gravity from the rigid compression ring 10 when the rigid compression ring 10 is connected to the radial connecting assembly 30; when the temporary support is removed, the rigid press ring 10 and the radial connecting assembly 30 will produce certain displacement in the horizontal and vertical directions because the gravity of the rigid press ring 10 and the radial connecting assembly 30 is released. This displacement can be controlled within a controlled range by analytical calculations of the forces and deformations of the rigid roof 100 during the design process, while being constrained by the rigid connection of the various components of the rigid roof 100. Furthermore, in the rigid roof 100, the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 via the rigid connection provide a complete path for the force transmission of the whole rigid roof 100.
It can be seen that the rigid roof 100 of the present application forms a self-balancing structure by means of the self-weights of the above structures (e.g. the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20, and the radial connecting assembly 30), and no additional tension is applied, so that the overall rigidity and strength of the structure for bearing external loads are greatly improved.
To facilitate understanding of the structural self-balancing system formed by rigid roof 100, the stress applied to rigid roof 100 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Specifically, under the action of the self-weight, the internal force is transmitted as shown by the arrow in fig. 1, since the middle part of the rigid roof 100 is a hollow structure, the radial connecting assembly 30 cannot transmit the internal force through direct connection, and at this time, since the rigid compression ring 10 rigidly connects the radial connecting assembly 30 to the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid compression ring 10 can bear the pressure F generated by the influence of the gravity from all the radial connecting assemblies 301And due to the rigid connection of the rigid pressure ring 10 to the radial connection assembly 30, the radial connection assembly 30 can couple the rigid pressure ring 10 and its own weight F2Is transmitted to the rigid tab 20 such that the rigid tab 20 is subjected to a pulling force F3Further, the rigid roof 100 forms a stress structure of a tension ring and a compression ring, and the rigid compression ring 10 forms a radial connectionThe bearing structure of the assembly 30 forms the gravity bearing structure of the rigid press ring 10 and the radial connecting assembly 30 through the rigid pull ring 20, and further converts respective gravity into the structural internal force of the rigid roof 100 to form a gravity self-balancing system. After the rigid roof 100 forms a self-balancing system under the action of self weight, the rigid roof 100 can improve the rigidity and strength of the rigid roof 100 under the influence of the internal force of the rigid roof 100, so that the rigid roof 100 is more stable, and meanwhile, the spanning capability of the rigid roof 100 can be increased, and the rigid roof can be suitable for a large-span spatial structure.
Further, when the rigid roof 100 is under external load, by cutting out the connection points of the group of radial connecting assemblies 30 of the rigid roof 100 and the rigid press ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 to perform stress analysis, the stress analysis diagram is shown in fig. 3, since the rigid press ring 10 can displace horizontally and vertically after the temporary support is removed, therefore, the connection point of the radial connecting assembly 30 and the rigid compression ring 10 can be simplified into an elastic support stress model according to the stress characteristics of the connection point, and when the rigid roof 100 is connected with the top of a building by using a movable hinged support, since the movable hinge support can be shifted in the horizontal direction, but is fixed in the vertical direction, according to the stress characteristics of the connection point of the rigid pull ring 20 of the rigid roof 100 and the top of the building, the connection point can be simplified into a horizontal elastic support model and a vertical fixed support model.
Specifically, when the rigid roof 100 is subjected to an external load q as shown in fig. 3, under the condition that the self weight of the rigid roof 100 is not considered, assuming that the rigid connection point of the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 is a connection point a, the rigid connection point of the rigid pull ring 10 and the radial connecting assembly 30 is a connection point C, taking the horizontal distance between the connection point a and the connection point C as x, and the vertical distance between the connection point C and the connection point a as y, the connection point a will be subjected to a vertical acting force R from the movable hinge support under the action of the external load q1While the connection point a is subjected to a horizontal force R from the movable hinge support2The connection point C is subjected to R in the horizontal direction3The acting force of (c);
when the external load isWhen q is present, R is known1＝qx，
Figure BDA0003239839220000081
According to the equilibrium equation: sigma Fx＝0，MA＝0；
The following can be obtained:
Figure BDA0003239839220000082
wherein, Sigma FxThe sum of the external forces in the x direction borne by the rigid roof 100 structure;
MAthe sum of the moment borne by the rigid roof 100 structure at point a;
that is, when the movable hinged support is provided on the top of the building, when the horizontal and vertical thrusts that the movable hinged support can bear satisfy the above relation, the rigid roof 100 can realize the structural stability under the action of external load, i.e. form a structural self-balancing system.
It will be appreciated that the external loads may include wind loads, snow loads, and other forces from the external environment.
It can be known from the above stress analysis process that when the roof structure is of a pure rigid structure, the stress analysis process of the formed rigid roof 100 can be simpler and clearer, the design work of the roof structure can be effectively simplified, the stress analysis difficulty of the rigid roof 100 is reduced, and the design popularity of the rigid roof 100 is realized.
Because the vertical rigidity of the building roof has a great influence on the stability of the roof structure, compared with the annular tension cable truss structure with a large opening in the middle, the rigid roof 100 is made of a full-rigid material (i.e., a steel structure) and full-rigid connection, and replaces a flexible member in the annular tension cable truss structure, and the vertical rigidity of the pure-rigid structure is derived from the member material, namely, the self rigidity can enable the rigid roof to keep a stable initial form (such as a beam, a column and other members, which are a geometric stability system), namely, in the stress analysis, the rigid roof 100 can form a self-balancing system to form a stable structure. Meanwhile, the shape of the rigid structure is slightly changed by the action of the external load, and the rigid roof 100 can realize slight deformation under the action of the external load so as to ensure the stability of the whole structure.
Compare in current reticulated shell or the structure of encorbelmenting, rigidity roof 100 passes through rigidity clamping ring 10, can form stable structure through rigid connection between rigidity pull ring 20 and the radial coupling assembling 30, and no longer need plus bearing structure or the structure of encorbelmenting, carry out external force to whole roof and support, the stability of the roof structure with the big trompil in middle part, because need not plus encorbelmenting structure etc. and consolidate the roof, this rigidity roof 100 can not lead to the fact the influence to the bearing capacity of building, can also guarantee the life of building simultaneously.
In order to form a self-balancing system of the rigid roof 100, it is known through a large number of calculation and analysis in the design of the rigid roof 100 that, in addition to the limitation of the material and connection of the rigid roof 100, the rise of the rigid roof 100, the cross-sectional form of the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 need to be designed in order to realize the stability of the structural system of the rigid roof 100, and an optimized design mode is also provided for the connection mode of the rigid roof 100 and the building roof in order to reduce the bearing capacity requirement of the rigid roof 100 on the building.
First, in order to be able to better control the stability of the rigid roof 100, the deformation of the rigid roof 100 may also be controlled by adjusting the rise of the rigid roof 100 during the design process.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, in the rigid roof 100, the relative height difference between the top end of the rigid compression ring 10 and the center of the rigid pull ring 20 in the vertical direction is the rise H of the rigid roof 100; the horizontal distance between the radial connecting assembly 30 and two connecting points of the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 is the span B of the rigid roof 100; the saggital ratio of the rigid roof 100 is H/B.
In order to ensure that the rigid roof 100 deforms less after the temporary supports are removed, and at the same time, the requirement for supporting the top of the building can be low, so as to achieve stability of the rigid roof 100, the relationship between the rise and the building span can be limited during the design process, for example, the ratio of the rise to the building span can be gradually increased to analyze, so as to obtain a stable rigid roof 100.
When the rigid roof 100 needs to adapt to buildings with different spans, the internal force of the structure can be adjusted by adjusting the rise of the rigid roof 100 and further obtaining a proper rise-to-span ratio, so that the rigid roof 100 can adapt to the buildings with different spans.
Further, considering the different shapes of the rigid roof 100 required in different construction scenarios, the radial connecting assembly 30 may be as shown in fig. 4, that is, the radial connecting assembly 30 may be connected in a straight line when connected between the rigid pressing ring 10 and the rigid pulling ring 20, or the radial connecting assembly 30 may be as shown in fig. 5, that is, the radial connecting assembly 30 may be connected in a curved line when connected between the rigid pressing ring 10 and the rigid pulling ring 20.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the radial connecting elements 30 are connected in a straight line, the vector-span ratio of the rigid roof 100 is taken as
Figure BDA0003239839220000091
Figure BDA0003239839220000092
During the process, the rigid roof 100 is subjected to computational analysis, so that a curve shown in fig. 6 can be obtained, and it can be seen from the graph that when the radial connecting assembly 30 is connected in a linear manner, no matter the rigid roof 100 is influenced by self gravity or under the influence of external load, when the rise-span ratio of the rigid roof 100 is larger, the structural deformation of the rigid roof 100 is smaller, and the structural rigidity is better, so that an appropriate rise-span ratio can be selected in the design process of the rigid roof 100 to ensure the structural stability of the rigid roof 100.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the radial connecting elements 30 are connected in a curved manner, the vector-span ratio of the rigid roof 100 is taken as
Figure BDA0003239839220000093
Figure BDA0003239839220000094
During the process, the rigid roof 100 is subjected to computational analysis, so that a curve shown in fig. 7 can be obtained, and it can be seen from the figure that when the radial connecting assembly 30 is connected in a curve shape, no matter the rigid roof 100 is influenced by self gravity or under the influence of external load, when the rise-span ratio of the rigid roof 100 is larger, the structural deformation of the rigid roof 100 is smaller, and the structural rigidity is better, so that an appropriate rise-span ratio can be selected in the design process of the rigid roof 100 to ensure the structural stability of the rigid roof 100.
In addition, as can be seen by comparing the curves in fig. 6 and fig. 7, under the same action force, the vertical displacement of the rigid compression ring 10 of the rigid roof 100 of the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a straight line is smaller, and the vertical displacement of the rigid compression ring 10 of the rigid roof 100 of the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a curved line is greater than that of the rigid roof 100 of the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a straight line, i.e. the rigidity of the rigid roof 100 of the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a straight line is better than that of the rigid roof 100 of the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a curved line, i.e. when the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 are connected in a straight line, the rigidity of the rigid roof 100 is better, and the structural deformation of the rigid roof 100 is smaller, so that in the case that the shape of the rigid roof 100 is not specifically required by the building, the radial roof connecting assemblies 30 connected in a straight line can be preferred, while also reducing the design difficulty of the rigid roof 100.
It is understood that the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pulling ring 20 of the rigid roof 100 may be designed to be circular, oval, and ring-shaped structures that are approximately circular or oval, and the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pulling ring 20 may be concentrically arranged or eccentrically arranged, and the specific shape and arrangement thereof may be selected according to specific design and stress analysis, and are not particularly limited in this embodiment.
Specifically, the rigid pressing ring 10 may be formed by welding a plurality of rigid sub-rods, and similarly, the rigid pulling ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 may also be formed by welding a plurality of rigid sub-rods, and then the rigid pressing ring 10, the rigid pulling ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 are rigidly connected to form the rigid roof 100.
Further, the structure of the rigid compression ring 10 may be at least one of a solid web steel girder, a planar truss, or a space truss.
In one example, when the rigid roof 100 is located in an environment where environmental loads such as wind loads have a small influence on the rigid roof 100, for example, the elevation position where the rigid roof 100 is located is low, and the wind loads in the environment are small or regular, and it is not easy to have strong wind, severe rainy and snowy weather, or the like in the environment, or the span of the building is suitable, the solid-web steel beam may be preferentially selected to form the rigid compression ring 10, so as to ensure that the stress analysis and the construction process in the design process can be simplified in the case that the structural stability of the rigid roof 100 is sufficient.
In another example, when the rigid roof 100 is located in an environment in which the load from the environment is too large, for example, the altitude position where the rigid roof 100 is located is high, the wind load in the environment is large, and strong wind, severe rainy and snowy weather, etc. are likely to occur in the environment, or when the span of the building is too large, the deformation amount of the rigid roof 100 cannot be controlled within a desired range by adjusting the vector-span ratio of the rigid roof 100, it may be considered that the solid-web steel beam is replaced by a planar truss structure, so as to improve the force transmission effect and the force receiving stability of the rigid compression ring 10.
In another example, when the rigid roof 100 is located in an environment where external loads from the environment are complex, for example, the rigid roof 100 is located at a high altitude, the wind load in the environment is large and the direction of the wind load is unstable, and severe rainy and snowy weather and conditions with large temperature difference change easily occur in the environment, a three-dimensional truss may be selected to form the rigid pressure ring 10, and since the three-dimensional truss is in a spatial structure form, the three-dimensional truss can better bear forces from various directions, so that the rigid pressure ring 10 can better bear and transmit the external loads from the environment, and thus the external loads borne by the rigid pressure ring 10 can be transmitted to the radial connecting assemblies 30 through multiple force transmission paths, and then transmitted to the rigid pull ring 20 and the building system, so as to better share the pressure of the rigid pressure ring 10, and thus the external load acting force borne by the rigid roof 100 can be better released, to achieve structural stability of the rigid roof 100 structure under complex external loads.
Similarly, the rigid compression ring 10 may be constructed as one of a solid steel web, a planar truss, or a space truss. When the rigid roof 100 is in an environment where the rigid roof 100 is located, the influence of environmental loads such as wind load on the rigid roof 100 is small, for example, the altitude position where the rigid roof 100 is located is low, and the wind load in the environment is small or regular, and it is not easy to have strong wind, severe rainy and snowy weather, etc. in the environment, or under the condition that the span of the building is suitable, the solid-web steel beam can be preferentially selected to form the rigid pull ring 20, so that under the condition that the structural stability of the rigid roof 100 is sufficient, the stress analysis and the construction process in the design process can be simplified.
When the rigid roof 100 is located in an environment where the load from the environment is too large, for example, the altitude position where the rigid roof 100 is located is high, and the wind load in the environment is large, and strong wind, severe rain and snow weather and the like are likely to occur in the environment, or when the span of the building is too large, the deformation amount of the rigid roof 100 cannot be controlled within an ideal range by adjusting the vector-span ratio of the rigid roof 100, it may be considered that the solid-web steel beam is changed into the planar truss structure, so as to improve the force transmission effect and the force receiving stability of the rigid pull ring 20.
When the external load from the environment is complex in the environment where the rigid roof 100 is located, for example, the elevation position where the rigid roof 100 is located is high, the wind load in the environment is large and the wind load direction is unstable, and severe weather such as rain, snow and the like and large temperature difference change easily occur in the environment, the rigid pull ring 20 may be formed by a three-dimensional truss, since the three-dimensional truss is in a spatial structure form, the three-dimensional truss can better bear the force from each direction, so that the rigid pull ring 20 can better bear and absorb the acting force of the external load in the environment on the rigid pull ring 10 and the radial connecting assembly 30, the external load acting force borne by the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 can be transmitted to the building main body through multiple force transmission paths to better share the pressure of the rigid pull ring 10, and further the external load acting force borne by the rigid roof 100 can be better released, to achieve structural stability of the rigid roof 100 structure under complex external loads.
In addition, the radial connecting members 30 may be solid-web steel beams, box-type steel beams, planar trusses, and three-dimensional truss structures. Since the radial connecting assembly 30 mainly plays a role of transmitting the dead weight of the rigid roof 100 in the rigid roof 100, when the rigid roof 100 adopts the above-mentioned structure, the effect of effectively transmitting the dead weight can be achieved. The selection of the structural form of the radial connecting assembly 30 can be made by referring to the selection principle of the rigid press ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20. Meanwhile, when the structures of the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 are complex, that is, when the number of structural rods of the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 is relatively large, the dead weight of the rigid roof 100 is increased, and at this time, the structural form of the radial connecting assembly 30 can be selected to be a planar truss structure or a three-dimensional truss structure, so that the radial connecting assembly 30 can effectively transmit the self gravity of the rigid roof 100, and the structural stability of the rigid roof 100 is realized.
As can be seen from the foregoing, when the rigid roof 100 is designed, the structural forms of the rigid compression ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20, and the radial connecting assembly 30 can be selected as required, and when the rigid compression ring 10 is a solid-web steel beam, the rigid pull ring 20 can be a solid-web steel beam, a planar truss, or a three-dimensional truss, and the radial connecting assembly 30 can be a solid-web steel beam, a box-type steel beam, a planar truss, or a three-dimensional truss; when the rigid compression ring 10 is a planar truss structure, the rigid pull ring 20 may be a solid-web steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss, and the radial connecting assembly 30 may be in the structural form of a solid-web steel beam, a box-type steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss; similarly, when the rigid compression ring 10 is a three-dimensional truss structure, the rigid pull ring 20 may be a solid-web steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss, and the radial connecting assembly 30 may be in the form of a solid-web steel beam, a box-type steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss. That is, the rigid press ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 may be selected after performing stress analysis according to the environmental characteristics and the architectural form of the rigid roof 100, and in this embodiment, the rigid press ring 10, the rigid pull ring 20 and the radial connecting assembly 30 are not limited.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, in order to improve the force stability of the rigid roof 100, the rigid roof 100 may further include at least one ring of hoop assemblies 40, the hoop assemblies 40 are disposed between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, and the hoop assemblies 40 are connected to the radial connecting assemblies 30. When the hoop component 40 is a circle, the hoop component 40 can be arranged in the middle position of the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 and rigidly connected with the radial connecting component 30, so that the radial connecting component 30 can be supported, the deformation of the radial connecting component 30 can be effectively prevented, meanwhile, the failure of the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 can be prevented, and the overall structural rigidity of the rigid roof 100 can be improved. It is understood that the circumferential component 40 and the radial connecting component 30 may be rigidly connected or hinged, and the specific connection mode may be selected after the stress analysis according to the actual situation, so as to ensure the structural rigidity and the structural strength of the rigid roof 100, and the connection between the circumferential component 40 and the radial connecting component 30 is not particularly limited in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, when the environmental load condition of the rigid roof 100 is complex, for example, the elevation position of the rigid roof 100 is high, the wind load in the environment is large and the wind load direction is unstable, and severe weather such as rain and snow and large temperature difference change easily occur in the environment, it may be considered to provide a plurality of rings of circumferential assemblies 40, and at this time, the plurality of rings of circumferential assemblies 40 may be disposed between the rigid ring 10 and the rigid ring 20 at equal intervals and connected to the radial connecting assembly 30, so as to ensure that the supporting effect of the circumferential assemblies 40 on the radial connecting assembly 30 is more uniform, i.e., the effect of the radial assemblies for transmitting gravity can be better shared. In addition, when designing the rigid roof 100, the structure of the hoop assembly 40 may be selected to be a plane truss or a space truss structure in consideration of environmental factors and influence factors of the building span, so as to improve the structural stability of the rigid roof 100.
It will be appreciated that when the hoop assembly 40 is disposed between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, the hoop assembly 40 may be disposed concentrically with the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, or, of course, may be disposed eccentrically with respect to the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20.
For example, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the rigid roof 100 shown in fig. 9, the rigid compression rings 10 and the rigid pull rings 20 are both solid-web steel beams, the radial connecting assemblies 30 are three-dimensional trusses, and the circumferential assemblies 40 are planar trusses. When the span of the rigid roof 100 is large, the required size of the rigid roof 100 is large, and the structural self-weight of the rigid roof 100 is increased, so that the self-gravity of the rigid roof 100 can be better transmitted, the stability of the internal force of the rigid roof 100 is ensured, and the stability of the overall structure of the rigid roof 100 is realized, and the structure of the radial connecting assembly 30 can be selected as a three-dimensional truss structure. Meanwhile, in order to effectively prevent the structural instability of the radial connecting assembly 30, the radial connecting assembly 30 can be supported by arranging a plurality of circles of circumferential assemblies 40, and the structure of the circumferential assemblies 40 can be selected to be a planar truss structure, so that the radial connecting assembly 30 is better assisted to transmit internal force, and a structural self-balancing system of the rigid roof 100 is realized. In addition, the space truss structure of the radial connecting members 30 and the planar truss structure of the circumferential members 40 can help the rigid roof 100 better resist the action of external loads to ensure structural stability.
It is understood that, in the three-dimensional truss structure of the radial connection component 30 and the planar truss structure of the circumferential component 40, the structural shapes of the three-dimensional truss and the planar truss and the arrangement and connection positions of the upper chord, the lower chord, the diagonal web members and the vertical rods in the truss structure may be designed and arranged through stress analysis, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment, but all the rods are rigid rods, and the connections between the rigid rods are rigid connections, so as to ensure the rigidity of the structure.
For example, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, in the structure of the rigid roof 100 shown in fig. 11, the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 are both solid-web steel beams, the radial connecting assembly 30 is a three-dimensional truss, and the circumferential assembly 40 is a three-dimensional truss. When the span of the rigid roof 100 is large, the required size of the rigid roof 100 is large, and the structural self-weight of the rigid roof 100 is increased, so that the self-gravity of the rigid roof 100 can be better transmitted, the stability of the internal force of the rigid roof 100 is ensured, and the stability of the overall structure of the rigid roof 100 is realized, and the structure of the radial connecting assembly 30 can be selected as a three-dimensional truss structure. Meanwhile, in order to effectively prevent the structural instability of the radial connecting assembly 30, the radial connecting assembly 30 can be supported by arranging a plurality of circles of the circumferential assemblies 40, and the structure of the circumferential assemblies 40 can be selected to be a three-dimensional truss structure, so that the radial connecting assembly 30 can be better assisted to transmit internal force, and a self-balancing system of the rigid roof 100 can be realized. In addition, the space-truss structure of the radial connecting members 30 and the space-truss structure of the circumferential members 40 can help the rigid roof 100 better resist the action of external loads to ensure structural stability.
It is understood that, in the three-dimensional truss structure of the radial connecting component 30 and the three-dimensional truss structure of the circumferential component 40, the shape of the three-dimensional truss and the arrangement and connection positions of the upper chord, the lower chord, the diagonal web members and the vertical rods in the truss structure may be designed and arranged through stress analysis, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment, but all the rods are rigid rods, and the connections between the rigid rods are rigid connections, so as to ensure the rigidity of the structure.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 13 to 15, in order to improve the structural rigidity of the rigid roof 100 and the effect of transferring the load in the horizontal direction, the rigid roof 100 further comprises a circumferential support member 50 located between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, and the circumferential support member 50 is rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring 20 and the circumferential member 40 adjacent to the rigid pull ring 20.
As can be seen from the foregoing, one or more circumferential assemblies 40 may be provided, and when a plurality of circumferential assemblies 40 are provided, taking the example that the plurality of circumferential assemblies 40 are concentric with the rigid pressing ring 10 and the rigid pulling ring 20, in the plurality of circumferential assemblies 40, the circumferential assembly 40 adjacent to the rigid pulling ring 20 is defined as a first circumferential assembly 41, so that a first support space may be formed between the rigid pulling ring 20 and the first circumferential assembly 41 adjacent to the rigid pulling ring 20, and the first support space is the circumferential space formed between the rigid pulling ring 20 and the first circumferential assembly 41. Since the rigid tab 20 and the first circumferential assembly 41 are connected to the radial connecting assembly 30, and there are a plurality of radial connecting assemblies 30 between the rigid tab 10 and the rigid tab 20, the radial connecting assemblies 30 can divide the first supporting space into a plurality of first supporting units 61, and the circumferential supporting assembly 50 is provided in each of the first supporting units 61. The number of the first supporting units 61 is multiple, that is, the circumferential supporting assemblies 50 may be arranged in the multiple first supporting units 61, and the multiple circumferential supporting assemblies 50 may equally divide the internal force from the rigid pull ring 20, the first circumferential assemblies 41 and the adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30, so that the internal force borne by each group of the circumferential supporting assemblies 50 is reduced, and the structural stability of the circumferential supporting assemblies 50 is further improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 16, the circumferential support assembly 50 includes a first diagonal rod 51 and a second diagonal rod 52, the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52 are cross-connected to the first support units 61, and both ends of the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52 are rigidly connected to each of the first support units 61. Illustratively, taking the first support unit 61 as an approximate fan-shaped annular unit, the fan-shaped annular unit includes four nodes, i.e., a first node 611, a second node 612, a third node 613, and a fourth node 614, the first node 611 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 with the first annular member 41, the second node 612 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 with the first annular member 41, the third node 613 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 with the rigid pull ring 20, and the fourth node 614 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 with the rigid pull ring 20. Both ends of the first tilting lever 51 are connected to the first node 611 and the fourth node 614, respectively, and both ends of the second tilting lever 52 are connected to the second node 612 and the third node 613, respectively.
The annular support component 50 is arranged in the first support unit 61 through the intersection of the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52, so that the structural stability of the first support unit 61 can be improved, meanwhile, the annular support component 50 can better bear loads from the horizontal direction, and the radial connecting components 30 can be effectively prevented from deforming under the action of the horizontal loads, namely, the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52 can play a role in pushing and pulling two adjacent radial connecting components 30, and when the horizontal loads enable the two adjacent radial connecting components 30 to generate acting forces in opposite directions. Without the support of the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52, two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 are deformed to be close to each other, and the distance between the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 is reduced, and the distance between the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 is increased. When the first inclined rod 51 and the second inclined rod 52 are arranged between two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30, the first inclined rod 51 and the second inclined rod 52 can generate acting force resisting deformation of the radial connecting assemblies 30, when each first supporting unit 61 is provided with the annular supporting assembly 50, the first inclined rod 51 and the second inclined rod 52 between two adjacent first supporting units 61 can realize continuity of force transmission paths through the radial connecting assemblies 30, namely, external horizontal load can be transmitted to other first supporting units 61 connected with the first supporting units to weaken the influence of the horizontal load on one first supporting unit 61, and the local stress is weakened through stress of the whole structure, so that the situation that local deformation is caused by overlarge local stress, and further the stability of the whole structure is influenced is prevented.
Meanwhile, since the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52 are connected to the nodes of the radial connection assembly 30, the rigid pull ring 20 and the first circumferential assembly 41, at this time, the first diagonal rod 51 and the second diagonal rod 52 can also support the rigid pull ring 20 and the first circumferential assembly 41 adjacent thereto, and the generated support effect and support effect can refer to the above analysis of the adjacent radial connection assembly 30, which is not described herein again.
In some embodiments, to improve the structural rigidity of the rigid roof 100 and the effect of transferring loads in the horizontal direction, the rigid roof 100 further comprises a first radial support assembly 70 located between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 and rigidly connected to the rigid compression ring 10 and the circumferential assembly 40 adjacent to the rigid compression ring 10.
In the plurality of circumferential assemblies 40, the circumferential assembly 40 adjacent to the rigid compression ring 10 is defined as a second circumferential assembly 42, and a second supporting space can be formed between the rigid compression ring 10 and the second circumferential assembly 42, where the second supporting space is a circumferential space formed between the rigid compression ring 10 and the second circumferential assembly 42.
A second support space can be formed between the rigid compression ring 10 and the second circumferential component 42 adjacent thereto, and since the rigid compression ring 10 and the second circumferential component 42 are connected to the radial connecting component 30, and there are a plurality of radial connecting components 30 between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20, the radial connecting component 30 can divide the second support space into a plurality of second support units 62. Since the second support unit 62 is multiple, that is, the first radial support assemblies 70 may be arranged in multiple second support units 62, the multiple first radial support assemblies 70 may equally divide the internal forces from the rigid compression ring 10, the second radial assembly 42 and the adjacent radial connection assemblies 30, so that the internal force borne by each group of first radial support assemblies 70 is reduced, and the structural stability of the first radial support assemblies 70 is further improved.
The first radial support assemblies 70 are arranged in at least two second support units 62, that is, several of the plurality of second support units 62 can be selected to be provided with the first radial support assemblies 70, but the second support units 62 should be selected in a manner of being centered and symmetrical with the center of the rigid press ring 10, so as to ensure the uniformity of the support effect of the first radial support assemblies 70 on the rigid roof 100, without causing a local rigidity to be larger, and the rest positions to be smaller, so as to prevent the first radial support assemblies 70 from affecting the stability of the overall structure of the rigid roof 100. Of course, if the building form is special, that is, the building structure is an asymmetric structure, or the load borne by the rigid roof 100 is special, for example, when the load borne by the environment often appears in weather such as strong wind, rain, snow, etc., it is known that structural reinforcement needs to be performed on a certain part of the second support unit 62 of the rigid roof 100 through force analysis, then the selection of the second support unit 62 on which the first radial support assembly 70 needs to be disposed may be determined according to the force analysis. In summary, the selection of the second support unit 62 provided with the first radial support assembly 70 is selected based on the stress analysis of the overall structure, so as to ensure that the first radial support assembly 70 can achieve the effect of improving the overall rigidity of the rigid roof 100.
Specifically, referring to fig. 17, the first radial support assembly 70 includes a third diagonal rod 71 and a fourth diagonal rod 72, the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 are crosswise connected to the second support units 62, and each second support unit 62 is rigidly connected to a set of crosswise third diagonal rods 71 and fourth diagonal rods 72. Illustratively, the second support unit 62 is an approximately fan-shaped annular unit, which includes four nodes, namely a fifth node 621, a sixth node 622, a seventh node 623 and an eighth node 624, the fifth node 621 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the second annular assembly 42, the sixth node 622 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the second annular assembly 42, the seventh node 623 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the rigid compression ring 10, and the eighth node 624 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the rigid compression ring 10. Both ends of the third tilting lever 71 are connected to the fifth node 621 and the eighth node 624, respectively, and both ends of the fourth tilting lever 72 are connected to the sixth node 622 and the seventh node 623, respectively.
The first radial support assembly 70 is arranged on the second support unit 62 through the intersection of the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72, so that the structural stability of the second support unit 62 can be improved, meanwhile, the first radial support assembly 70 can better bear a load from the horizontal direction, and the radial connection assemblies 30 can be effectively prevented from deforming under the action of the horizontal load, that is, the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 can push and pull two adjacent radial connection assemblies 30, when the horizontal load causes two adjacent radial connection assemblies 30 to generate acting forces in opposite directions, when the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 are not supported, two adjacent radial connection assemblies 30 are caused to approach each other and deform, and meanwhile, the distance between the two adjacent radial connection assemblies 30 is reduced, and the distance between the two adjacent radial connection assemblies 30 and other radial connection assemblies 30 is increased. When the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 are arranged between two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30, the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 can generate acting force resisting deformation of the radial connecting assemblies 30, and meanwhile, external horizontal load can be transmitted to other second supporting units 62 connected with the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72, so that the influence of the horizontal load on one second supporting unit 62 is weakened, local stress is weakened through stress of the whole structure, and the situation that local deformation is caused due to overlarge local stress and the stability of the whole structure is further influenced is prevented.
Meanwhile, since the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 are connected to the nodes of the radial connecting assembly 30, the rigid press ring 10 and the annular assembly 40, at this time, the third diagonal rod 71 and the fourth diagonal rod 72 can also support the rigid press ring 10 and the second annular assembly 42 adjacent thereto, and the generated supporting effect and supporting function can refer to the above analysis of the adjacent radial connecting assembly 30, which is not described herein again.
It will be appreciated that when the hoop assembly 40 has only one turn, the hoop assembly 40 adjacent to the rigid pressure ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 is the same hoop assembly 40, i.e. the hoop assembly 40 divides the space between the rigid pressure ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 into a first support space and a second support space for arranging the hoop support assembly 50 and the first radial support assembly 70, respectively.
In some embodiments, in order to improve the structural rigidity of the rigid roof 100 and the effect of transferring loads in the horizontal direction, the rigid roof 100 further comprises a second radial support assembly 80 located between the rigid compression ring 10 and the rigid pull ring 20 and rigidly connected to two adjacent circumferential assemblies 40.
Among the plurality of circumferential assemblies 40, the circumferential assembly 40 that is not adjacent to the rigid pressing ring 10 nor the rigid pulling ring 20 is defined as a third circumferential assembly 43, and a third supporting space can be formed between two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43, where the third supporting space is a circumferential space formed between two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43.
And because two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43 are connected to the radial connection assembly 30, and there are a plurality of radial connection assemblies 30 between two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43, at this time, the radial connection assembly 30 can partition the third support space into a plurality of third support units 63, because there are a plurality of third support units 63, that is, the second radial support assemblies 80 can be arranged in the plurality of third support units 63, and the plurality of second radial support assemblies 80 can equally divide the internal force from the adjacent circumferential assemblies 40 and the adjacent radial connection assemblies 30, so that the internal force borne by each group of second radial support assemblies 80 is reduced, and further the structural stability of the second radial support assemblies 80 is improved.
The second radial support assemblies 80 are arranged in at least two third support units 63, that is, several of the plurality of third support units 63 can be selected to be provided with the second radial support assemblies 80, but the third support units 63 should be selected in a manner of being centered and symmetrical with the center of the rigid press ring 10, so as to ensure the uniformity of the support effect of the second radial support assemblies 80 on the rigid roof 100, and not to cause a local rigidity to be larger, and the rest positions to be smaller, so as to prevent the second radial support assemblies 80 from affecting the stability of the overall structure of the rigid roof 100. If the building form is special, for example, the building structure is an asymmetric structure, the load borne by the rigid roof 100 is special, and it is known that structural reinforcement needs to be performed at a certain part of the third support unit 63 of the rigid roof 100 through force analysis, then the selection of the third support unit 63 where the second radial support assembly 80 needs to be disposed can be determined according to the force analysis. In summary, the selection of the third supporting unit 63 provided with the second radial supporting assembly 80 is selected according to the stress analysis requirement of the integral structure, so as to ensure that the second radial supporting assembly 80 can achieve the effect of improving the integral rigidity of the rigid roof 100.
Specifically, referring to fig. 18, the second radial support assembly 80 includes a fifth diagonal rod 81 and a sixth diagonal rod 82, the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 are crosswise connected to the third support units 63, and each third support unit 63 is rigidly connected to a set of crosswise fifth diagonal rods 81 and sixth diagonal rods 82. Illustratively, taking the third support unit 63 as a fan-shaped annular unit, the fan-shaped annular unit includes four nodes, i.e., a ninth node 631, a tenth node 632, an eleventh node 633, and a twelfth node 634, the ninth node 631 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and one of the two third annular assemblies 43, the tenth node 632 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and one of the two third annular assemblies 43, the eleventh node 633 is formed by connecting one of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the other of the two third annular assemblies 43, and the twelfth node 634 is formed by connecting the other of the two adjacent radial connecting assemblies 30 and the other of the two third annular assemblies 43. Both ends of the fifth tilting lever 81 are connected to the ninth node 631 and the twelfth node 634, respectively, and both ends of the sixth tilting lever 82 are connected to the tenth node 632 and the eleventh node 633, respectively.
Arranging the second radial support assembly 80 at the third support unit 63 by the intersection of the fifth and sixth diagonal rods 81 and 82 may improve the structural stability of the third support unit 63, meanwhile, the second radial support component 80 can better bear the load from the horizontal direction, can effectively prevent the adjacent two third annular components 43 from deforming under the action of the horizontal load, namely, the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 can push and pull the adjacent two third circumferential assemblies 43, when the horizontal load causes two adjacent third hoop assemblies 43 to generate opposite forces, without the support of the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82, the adjacent two third circumferential assemblies 43 are caused to deform close to each other, while at the same time making the spacing between the adjacent two third hoop assemblies 43 smaller and the distance from the other hoop assemblies 40 larger. When the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 are arranged between two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43, the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 can generate acting force resisting deformation of the third circumferential assemblies 43, and meanwhile, external horizontal load can be transmitted to other third supporting units 63 connected with the third diagonal rods, so that the influence of the horizontal load on one third supporting unit 63 is weakened, local stress is weakened through stress of the whole structure, local deformation caused by overlarge local stress is prevented, and the stability of the whole structure is further influenced.
Meanwhile, since the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 are connected to the connecting node between the radial connecting assembly 30 and the two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43, at this time, the fifth diagonal rod 81 and the sixth diagonal rod 82 can also support the adjacent radial connecting assembly 30, and the generated supporting effect and supporting function can refer to the above analysis of the adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43, which is not described herein again.
It is understood that, in the rigid roof 100, the rigid connection manner mentioned above, such as the rigid connection of the rigid pull ring 20 to the building roof, the rigid connection of the rigid pull ring 20 to the second end 32 of the radial connecting assembly 30, can be welding, and the specific welding form and welding method can be selected according to the stress analysis and the construction conditions, and are not limited in this embodiment.
For example, as shown in fig. 18 and 19, in the structure of the rigid roof 100 in fig. 18, the rigid compression rings 10 and the rigid pull rings 20 are both solid-web steel beams, the radial connecting assemblies 30 are planar trusses, and the circumferential assemblies 40 are planar trusses.
When the environmental load such as wind load in the environment where the rigid roof 100 is located is complex, a first diagonal rod 61 and a second diagonal rod 62 may be disposed between the first circumferential assembly 41 and the rigid pull ring 20 of the rigid roof 100 to improve the horizontal load resistance of the rigid roof 100, a third diagonal rod 71 and a fourth diagonal rod 72 may be disposed between the second circumferential assembly 42 and the rigid pull ring 10 of the rigid roof 100 to improve the horizontal load resistance of the rigid roof 100, and a fifth diagonal rod 81 and a sixth diagonal rod 82 may be disposed between two adjacent third circumferential assemblies 43 of the rigid roof 100 to further improve the horizontal load resistance of the rigid roof 100.
When the span of the rigid roof 100 is large, the required size of the rigid roof 100 is large, and the structural dead weight of the rigid roof 100 is increased, so that the self-gravity of the rigid roof 100 can be better transmitted, the stability of the internal force of the rigid roof 100 is ensured, and the stability of the overall structure of the rigid roof 100 is realized, and the structure of the radial connecting assembly 30 can be selected as a plane truss structure. Meanwhile, in order to effectively prevent the structural instability of the radial connecting assembly 30, the first circumferential assembly 41, the second circumferential assembly 42 and the plurality of third circumferential assemblies 43 may be provided to support the radial connecting assembly 30, and the structure of the first circumferential assembly 41, the second circumferential assembly 42 and the plurality of third circumferential assemblies 43 may be selected as a planar truss structure to better help the radial connecting assembly 30 to transmit internal force, so as to realize a self-balancing system of the rigid roof 100. In addition, the planar truss structure of the radial connection assembly 30 and the planar truss structures of the first, second and third hoop assemblies 41, 42, 43 can help the rigid roof 100 better resist the effects of external loads to ensure structural stability.
It is understood that the shape of the planar truss in the planar truss structures of the radial connection assembly 30 and the planar truss structures of the first, second and third circumferential assemblies 41, 42 and 43 and the arrangement and connection positions of the upper chords, the lower chords, the diagonal web members and the vertical rods in the truss structures can be designed and arranged through stress analysis, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment, but all the rods are rigid rods, and the connections between the rigid rods are rigid connections to ensure the rigidity of the structure.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 20, an embodiment of the present invention provides a building 200, where the building 200 includes the rigid roof 100 as described in the first aspect, and the rigid roof 100 is disposed on the top of the building 200 to shield the internal structure of the building 200, and at the same time, the rigid roof 100 can also achieve lighting of the building 200. The building 200 may be a stadium, activity center, or the like that requires an open-topped design.
Further, referring to fig. 21, the rigid roof 100 may be connected to the top 210 of the building 200 through a movable hinge support 220, the movable hinge support 220 includes a fixed end 221 and a connecting end 222, the relative position of the fixed end 221 and the connecting end 222 in the horizontal direction is movable, the fixed end 221 is connected to the building 200, and the connecting end 222 is rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring 20 of the rigid roof 100, as can be seen from the force analysis of the first aspect, when the rigid roof 100 is connected to the top 210 of the building 200 through the movable hinge support 220, since the movable hinge support 220 can restrain the displacement of the rigid roof 100 in the vertical direction, and can release the displacement of the rigid roof 100 in the horizontal direction, so as to reduce the horizontal direction force applied to the top 210 of the building 200 from the rigid roof 100, the boundary condition of the top 210 of the building 200 can be effectively reduced. It is proved by calculation that when the top 210 of the building 200 is connected with the rigid roof 100 by the movable hinged support 220, the vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement of the rigid roof 100 only need to be increased by about 10mm, and the whole building 200 body completely belongs to a small deformation, so that the structural stability of the rigid roof 100 can be ensured, the pressure of the top 210 of the building 200 can be reduced, and the requirement on the construction of the building 200 can be further reduced.
Referring to fig. 22, a third aspect of the present embodiment provides a method for constructing a rigid roof as described in the first aspect, including the following steps:
s1, mounting the rigid pull ring to the top of the building;
s2, installing a temporary support inside the rigid pull ring;
s3, mounting a radial connecting assembly, rigidly connecting the radial connecting assembly to the rigid pull ring and enabling the temporary support to be supported on the radial connecting assembly;
s4, mounting the rigid pressing ring, enabling the rigid pressing ring to be located inside the rigid pull ring, and enabling the rigid pressing ring to be connected to the radial connecting assembly;
and S5, removing the temporary support.
It can be understood that, in the construction process, the rigid pull ring 20 is firstly installed on the building roof 201, the rigid pull ring 20 can be formed by welding a plurality of rigid rods one by one on the building roof, or can be formed by forming a part or an entirety of the rigid pull ring 20 in a factory, and then is hung on the building roof 201 through a large-sized hoisting device for installation, and what form the rigid pull ring 20 is specifically formed depends on the hoisting capability of the hoisting device on the construction site, so that the installation is convenient. The same is true for the radial connection assembly 30 and the process of forming the rigid compression ring 10, which will not be described in detail here.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 23, the mounting position of the temporary stand 101 may be mounted at a position where the distance between the temporary stand 101 and the connection point of the radial link assembly 30 and the rigid push ring 10 is half the distance between the connection point of the radial link assembly 30 and the rigid pull ring 20,i.e. the distance of the temporary holder 101 from the point of connection of the radial attachment assembly 30 and the rigid press ring 10 is the distance of the point of connection of the radial attachment assembly 30 and the rigid press ring 10 from the point of connection of the radial attachment assembly 30 and the rigid pull ring 20
Figure BDA0003239839220000191
The fixing of the temporary support 101 near this position ensures that the radial connection assembly 30 is better supported, so that the subsequent mounting of the rigid compression ring 10 is more stable. While at the same time achieving structural stability of the rigid roof 100 when the temporary support 101 is removed.
The rigid roof, the building and the construction method of the rigid roof disclosed by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail, the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping understanding the rigid roof, the building and the construction method of the rigid roof and the core idea of the rigid roof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A rigid roof adapted for use in construction, said rigid roof comprising:
a rigid compression ring;
the rigid pull ring is used for being connected to the top of the building, is positioned on the periphery of the rigid press ring and is arranged at intervals with the rigid press ring; and
a plurality of radial connection subassembly, it is a plurality of radial connection subassembly is the rigidity subassembly, and is a plurality of radial connection subassembly follows the center of rigidity clamping ring becomes radial setting, radial connection subassembly includes relative first end and second end, first end rigid connection in the rigidity clamping ring, second end rigid connection in the rigidity pull ring.
2. A rigid roof according to claim 1, wherein the rigid compression ring comprises at least one of a solid web steel girder, a planar truss or a space truss;
the rigid pull ring comprises at least one of a solid-web steel beam, a planar truss or a three-dimensional truss;
the radial connection assembly includes at least one of a steel beam, a planar truss, or a space truss.
3. A rigid roof according to claim 1, further comprising at least one ring of hoop assemblies, said hoop assemblies being disposed between said rigid compression ring and said rigid pull ring, and said hoop assemblies being connected to said radial connection assembly.
4. A rigid roof according to claim 3, wherein when the circumferential assembly is a plurality of turns, the plurality of turns of the circumferential assembly are equally spaced between the rigid compression ring and the rigid pull ring.
5. A rigid roof according to claim 3, wherein the hoop assembly is a planar truss or a space truss.
6. A rigid roof according to claim 3, further comprising a circumferential support assembly located between and connected to said rigid pull ring and said circumferential assembly adjacent to said rigid pull ring.
7. A rigid roof according to claim 6, wherein a first support space is formed between said rigid tab and said circumferential assembly adjacent to said rigid tab, and wherein a plurality of said radial connecting assemblies divide said first support space into a plurality of first support cells, each of said first support cells having said circumferential support assembly connected thereto.
8. The rigid roof according to claim 7, wherein said circumferential support assembly comprises a first diagonal rod and a second diagonal rod crossed with said first diagonal rod, and both ends of said first diagonal rod and said second diagonal rod are rigidly connected to said first support unit, respectively.
9. A rigid roof according to any one of claims 3 to 8, further comprising a first radial support assembly located between said rigid compression ring and said rigid pull ring, said first radial support assembly being rigidly connected to two adjacent said radial connection assemblies.
10. The rigid roof according to claim 9 wherein a second support space is formed between said rigid collar and said circumferential members adjacent to said rigid collar, said plurality of radial connecting members dividing said second support space into a plurality of second support units, at least two of said second support units each having said first radial support member connected thereto.
11. The rigid roof according to claim 10, wherein said first radial support assembly comprises a third diagonal member and a fourth diagonal member cross-connected to said third diagonal member, and both ends of said third diagonal member and said fourth diagonal member are rigidly connected to said second support unit, respectively.
12. A rigid roof according to any of claims 4 to 8, further comprising a second radial support assembly, a third support space being formed between two adjacent said circumferential assemblies, a plurality of said radial connection assemblies dividing said third support space into a plurality of third support units, said second radial support assembly being connected to at least two of said third support units.
13. The rigid roof according to claim 12, wherein said second radial support assembly comprises a fifth diagonal member and a sixth diagonal member connected to said fifth diagonal member in a crossing manner, and both ends of said fifth diagonal member and said sixth diagonal member in a crossing manner are rigidly connected to said third support unit, respectively.
14. A building characterised in that it includes a rigid roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 attached to the roof of the building.
15. The building of claim 14 further comprising a movable hinge support, the movable hinge support comprising a fixed end fixedly connected to the building roof and a connecting end rigidly connected to the rigid pull ring.
16. A method of constructing a rigid roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said method of constructing a rigid roof comprises:
mounting the rigid tab to a building roof;
installing a temporary support inside the rigid pull ring;
installing the radial link assembly, rigidly connecting the radial link assembly to the rigid pull ring and supporting the temporary support to the radial link assembly;
mounting the rigid press ring, enabling the rigid press ring to be located inside the rigid pull ring, and enabling the rigid press ring to be connected to the radial connecting assembly;
and removing the temporary support.
CN202111013730.1A 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Rigid roof, building and construction method of rigid roof Pending CN113775096A (en)

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