CN113775030A - Drainage grid and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Drainage grid and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113775030A CN113775030A CN202111199889.7A CN202111199889A CN113775030A CN 113775030 A CN113775030 A CN 113775030A CN 202111199889 A CN202111199889 A CN 202111199889A CN 113775030 A CN113775030 A CN 113775030A
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- fiber
- drainage grid
- geotextile
- treatment
- drainage
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012749 thinning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
- D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/022—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage grille, which comprises a drainage grille body and a geotextile, wherein the geotextile is compounded by a double layer or a single layer and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal; the geotextile is one of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile. The drainage grid is compounded by adopting the drainage grid body and the geotextile, the geotextile is used for preventing silt from blocking, the drainage grid body is prepared by adopting the effect of taking the longitudinal fibers as the reinforcing ribs and warp knitting with the transverse fibers to form the drainage grid body, water is infiltrated and drained through a capillary pore structure in the fibers, and meanwhile, the special-shaped fibers are adopted to enhance the water guiding and draining effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drainage grids, in particular to a drainage grid and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Geotextiles, also known as geotextiles, are water permeable geosynthetic materials made of synthetic fibers by needling or weaving. The geotextile is one of new material geosynthetic materials, and the finished product is in a cloth shape, generally has a width of 4-6 meters and a length of 50-100 meters. The geotextile is divided into woven geotextile and non-woven filament geotextile.
Water is an important factor influencing the strength and stability of a pavement structure and a road subgrade, and is mainly surface water and underground water, and the harm of the surface water is mainly reflected in that the water scours the subgrade and permeates into a subgrade soil body to be retained, so that the bearing capacity of the subgrade is damaged, and a drainage grid is needed to dredge and drain the subgrade.
The drainage of the existing drainage grid is soaked in a water environment for a long time, the water environment contains acid-base media, the drainage grid is used for a long time, a fiber structure is easy to damage, the service life of the drainage grid is influenced, and meanwhile, the drainage effect of the drainage grid is also considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a drain grid and a method for manufacturing the same, which solve the problems set forth in the background art described above.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a drainage grille, which is formed by compounding a drainage grille body and geotextile, wherein the geotextile is in double-layer compounding or single-layer compounding and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal;
the geotextile is one of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile;
one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber and basalt fiber are longitudinally adopted by the drainage grid body and used for enhancing the function of the reinforcing rib; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, and the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine; the mesh of the drainage grid body is one of 12.5 mm, 25.4 mm, 50.6 mm and 76 mm.
Preferably, the method for optimizing the profile body of the transverse fiber is as follows: one of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
Preferably, the specific operation steps of the hydrophilic modification treatment of the nylon, the polypropylene fiber and the polyester fiber are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of a hydrophilic agent:
s1, mixing an aluminum chloride solution with the mass fraction of 20-50% and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the weight ratio of 5:1, and then adjusting the pH of the solution to 10.0-11.0 to obtain a pore-thinning agent;
s2, feeding bentonite into a calcining furnace for calcining at the calcining temperature of 500-1000 ℃ for 10-20min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, feeding the bentonite into deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion treatment at the ultrasonic power of 100-200W for 10-20min, and finishing the ultrasonic treatment to obtain modified bentonite;
s3, feeding the modified bentonite into a pore-thinning agent, stirring at a rotation speed of 100-200r/min for 20-30min, finishing stirring, drying at 55-65 ℃ for 40-50min, and finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 10-20 min;
step two: and (3) improvement treatment: mixing the hydrophilic agent with nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber at the mixing speed of 100-200r/min for 40-50min, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%;
step three: and carrying out mixed melting treatment on the improved fiber and the modified graphene according to the weight ratio of 5:1, wherein the mixed melting temperature is 190-.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified graphene comprises the following steps: sending graphene into concentrated sulfuric acid for oxidation treatment, peeling and cleaning with boiling water, finishing cleaning, and irradiating with ultraviolet waves, wherein the wavelength of the radiation is 150-200nm, the power is 50-60W, and the radiation intensity is 0.6-0.7 muW/cm, so that the modified graphene is obtained.
Preferably, the modified polyurethane water guide treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
and (2) delivering polyurethane into the nano sol according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to prepare polyurethane sol, spraying the polyurethane sol onto the improved fibers by adopting a spraying method, wherein the spraying pressure of the spraying method is 10-20MPa, carrying out hot pressing treatment after spraying is finished, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 100-120 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 1-3min, and cooling to the room temperature naturally after hot pressing is finished.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nanosol comprises the following steps: carbonizing rice hull ash at 600 ℃, adding the rice hull ash into dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.4% for reaction to obtain sol, and mixing the sol with nano-silica according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain nano-sol.
A method of manufacturing a drain grid comprising the steps of:
compounding the drainage grid body and the geotextile to prepare a drainage grid; then the drainage grid body adopts one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber or basalt fiber longitudinally; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, a drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine, and finally the special-shaped body is optimized;
one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is/are sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the drainage grid is compounded by adopting a drainage grid body and geotextile, the geotextile is used for preventing silt from blocking, longitudinal fibers are adopted in the preparation of the drainage grid body to be used as reinforcing ribs, the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting with transverse fibers, water is subjected to permeation drainage by virtue of capillary pore structures in the fibers, and meanwhile, a fiber structure of a special-shaped body is adopted, wherein the fiber structure of the special-shaped body comprises 4DG nylon fibers, cross polypropylene fibers, cross polyester fibers, rice-shaped nylon fibers, rice-shaped polypropylene fibers, rice-shaped polyester fibers and the like; the water diversion and drainage effects are enhanced;
in the drainage process, the strong suction force of the fibers can absorb the water on the soil foundation, and the two ends discharge the water through evaporation, so that the drainage efficiency is improved;
in optimizing the fiber structure of the profile body:
in the preparation of the hydrophilic agent, a pore-dredging agent prepared from an aluminum chloride solution and alkylphenol ethoxylates is used in combination with modified bentonite, so that the improvement effect of the bentonite is improved, the bentonite is dispersed after calcination, the lamella is expanded and the dispersity is improved, then the bentonite is matched with the pore-dredging agent for calcination, the alkylphenol ethoxylates is used as a template, the template is removed after calcination, fine channels are formed among the bentonite lamellae, the bentonite lamellae have water absorption performance and ion exchange performance, the water of the roadbed is guided and sent into a capillary pore structure of fibers through the fine channels of the lamellae, and meanwhile, the fine channels adsorb acid and alkali corrosive liquid, so that the corrosion of acid and alkali liquor on the drainage grid is reduced, and the service life of the drainage grid is prolonged;
the modified graphene is subjected to mixed melting treatment, and after the graphene is oxidized and irradiated, the graphene is high in activity, and is beneficial to arrangement of a lamellar layer of the graphene, and the contact area of the graphene and water is increased, so that the efficiency of a special-shaped body is improved, and the absorption and drainage efficiency of a drainage grid is improved;
the modified polyurethane is prepared from polyurethane and nano sol, and the polyester ester has excellent hydrophilic long chain and is arranged on the fiber, so that water can be dispersed and distributed, and then permeation and dredging are carried out, subsequent evaporation and dispersion are facilitated, and the drainage efficiency of the grating is greatly improved; the nanometer sol is prepared from rice hull ash, has high specific surface area and extremely strong hydrophilicity, can be matched with polyurethane, and can obviously enhance the water permeation and water seepage efficiency.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1.
The drainage grille comprises a drainage grille body and geotextile, wherein the geotextile is compounded in a double-layer mode or a single-layer mode and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal;
the geotextile is one or more of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile;
one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber and basalt fiber are longitudinally adopted by the drainage grid body and used for enhancing the function of the reinforcing rib; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, and the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine; the mesh of the drainage grid body is one of 12.5 mm, 25.4 mm, 50.6 mm and 76 mm.
The method for optimizing the profile body of the transverse fiber of the present embodiment is: one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
The specific operation steps of the nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber of the embodiment for hydrophilic modification treatment are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of a hydrophilic agent:
s1, mixing an aluminum chloride solution with the mass fraction of 20% and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the weight ratio of 5:1, and then adjusting the pH of the solution to 10.0 to obtain a pore-dredging agent;
s2, feeding bentonite into a calcining furnace for calcining at 500 ℃ for 10min, cooling to 80 ℃, feeding the bentonite into deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion treatment at 100W for 10min, and finishing the ultrasonic treatment to obtain modified bentonite;
s3, feeding the modified bentonite into the pore-dredging agent, stirring at a rotating speed of 100r/min for 20min, drying for 40min at a drying temperature of 55 ℃, and finally calcining at a calcining temperature of 500 ℃ for 10 min;
step two: and (3) improvement treatment: mixing a hydrophilic agent with nylon, polypropylene fibers and polyester fibers at the mixing speed of 100r/min for 40min, and then conveying the mixture into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%;
step three: and carrying out mixed melting treatment on the improved fibers and the modified graphene according to the weight ratio of 5:1, wherein the mixed melting temperature is 190 ℃, the mixed melting time is 10min, the mixed melting speed is 100r/min, and the mixed melting is finished.
The preparation method of the modified graphene of the embodiment comprises the following steps: sending graphene into concentrated sulfuric acid for oxidation treatment, peeling by using boiling water, cleaning, and after cleaning, irradiating by using ultraviolet waves, wherein the wave radiation length is 150nm, the power is 50W, and the radiation intensity is 0.6 muW/cm to obtain the modified graphene.
The concrete steps of the modified polyurethane water guide treatment of the embodiment are as follows:
and (2) feeding polyurethane into the nano sol according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to prepare polyurethane sol, spraying the polyurethane sol onto the improved fibers by adopting a spraying method, wherein the spraying pressure of the spraying method is 10MPa, carrying out hot pressing treatment after spraying is finished, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 100 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 1min, cooling to room temperature naturally after hot pressing is finished.
The preparation method of the nano sol comprises the following steps: carbonizing rice hull ash at 600 ℃, adding dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 0.2% for reaction to obtain sol, and mixing the sol with nano silicon dioxide according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain nano sol.
The manufacturing method of the drainage grid of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
compounding the drainage grid body and the geotextile to prepare a drainage grid; then the drainage grid body adopts one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber or basalt fiber longitudinally; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, a drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine, and finally the special-shaped body is optimized;
one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is/are sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
Example 2.
The drainage grille comprises a drainage grille body and geotextile, wherein the geotextile is compounded in a double-layer mode or a single-layer mode and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal;
the geotextile is one of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile;
one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber and basalt fiber are longitudinally adopted by the drainage grid body and used for enhancing the function of the reinforcing rib; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, and the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine; the mesh of the drainage grid body is one of 12.5 mm, 25.4 mm, 50.6 mm and 76 mm.
The method for optimizing the profile body of the transverse fiber of the present embodiment is: one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
The specific operation steps of the nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber of the embodiment for hydrophilic modification treatment are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of a hydrophilic agent:
s1, mixing an aluminum chloride solution with the mass fraction of 50% and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the weight ratio of 5:1, and then adjusting the pH of the solution to 11.0 to obtain a pore-dredging agent;
s2, feeding bentonite into a calcining furnace for calcining at 1000 ℃ for 20min, cooling to 100 ℃, feeding the bentonite into deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion treatment at 200W for 20min, and finishing the ultrasonic treatment to obtain modified bentonite;
s3, feeding the modified bentonite into the pore-dredging agent, stirring at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 30min, drying for 50min at a drying temperature of 65 ℃, and finally calcining at a calcining temperature of 700 ℃ for 20 min;
step two: and (3) improvement treatment: mixing a hydrophilic agent with nylon, polypropylene fibers and polyester fibers at a mixing speed of 200r/min for 50min, and then drying in a drying oven at a drying temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%;
step three: and carrying out mixed melting treatment on the improved fibers and the modified graphene according to the weight ratio of 5:1, wherein the mixed melting temperature is 240 ℃, the mixed melting time is 20min, the mixed melting speed is 500r/min, and the mixed melting is finished.
The preparation method of the modified graphene of the embodiment comprises the following steps: sending graphene into concentrated sulfuric acid for oxidation treatment, peeling by using boiling water, cleaning, and after cleaning, irradiating by using ultraviolet waves, wherein the wavelength of the wave radiation is 200nm, the power is 60W, and the radiation intensity is 0.7 muW/cm to obtain the modified graphene.
The concrete steps of the modified polyurethane water guide treatment of the embodiment are as follows:
and (2) feeding polyurethane into the nano sol according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to prepare polyurethane sol, spraying the polyurethane sol onto the improved fibers by adopting a spraying method, wherein the spraying pressure of the spraying method is 20MPa, carrying out hot pressing treatment after spraying is finished, the hot pressing temperature is 120 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 3min, cooling to the room temperature naturally after hot pressing is finished.
The preparation method of the nano sol comprises the following steps: carbonizing rice hull ash at 600 ℃, adding dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 0.4% for reaction to obtain sol, and mixing the sol with nano silicon dioxide according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain nano sol.
The manufacturing method of the drainage grid of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
compounding the drainage grid body and the geotextile to prepare a drainage grid; then the drainage grid body adopts one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber or basalt fiber longitudinally; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, a drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine, and finally the special-shaped body is optimized;
one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is/are sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
Example 3.
The drainage grille comprises a drainage grille body and geotextile, wherein the geotextile is compounded in a double-layer mode or a single-layer mode and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal;
the geotextile is one of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile;
one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber and basalt fiber are longitudinally adopted by the drainage grid body and used for enhancing the function of the reinforcing rib; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, and the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine; the mesh of the drainage grid body is one of 12.5 mm, 25.4 mm, 50.6 mm and 76 mm.
The method for optimizing the profile body of the transverse fiber of the present embodiment is: one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
The specific operation steps of the nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber of the embodiment for hydrophilic modification treatment are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of a hydrophilic agent:
s1, mixing 35 wt% of aluminum chloride solution and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the weight ratio of 5:1, and then adjusting the pH of the solution to 10.5 to obtain a pore-dredging agent;
s2, feeding bentonite into a calcining furnace for calcining at 750 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 90 ℃, feeding the bentonite into deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion treatment at 150W for 15min, and finishing the ultrasonic treatment to obtain modified bentonite;
s3, feeding the modified bentonite into a pore-thinning agent, stirring at a rotation speed of 100-200r/min for 20-30min, finishing stirring, drying for 45min at a drying temperature of 60 ℃, and finally calcining at a calcining temperature of 600 ℃ for 15 min;
step two: and (3) improvement treatment: mixing a hydrophilic agent with nylon, polypropylene fibers and polyester fibers at the mixing speed of 150r/min for 45min, and then conveying the mixture into a drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%;
step three: and carrying out mixed melting treatment on the improved fibers and the modified graphene according to the weight ratio of 5:1, wherein the mixed melting temperature is 210 ℃, the mixed melting time is 15min, the mixed melting speed is 300r/min, and the mixed melting is finished.
The preparation method of the modified graphene of the embodiment comprises the following steps: sending graphene into concentrated sulfuric acid for oxidation treatment, peeling by using boiling water, cleaning, and after cleaning, irradiating by using ultraviolet waves, wherein the wave radiation length is 170nm, the power is 55W, and the radiation intensity is 0.65 muW/cm, so that the modified graphene is obtained.
The concrete steps of the modified polyurethane water guide treatment of the embodiment are as follows:
and (2) feeding polyurethane into the nano sol according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to prepare polyurethane sol, spraying the polyurethane sol onto the improved fibers by adopting a spraying method, wherein the spraying pressure of the spraying method is 15MPa, carrying out hot pressing treatment after spraying is finished, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 110 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 2min, cooling to room temperature naturally after hot pressing is finished.
The preparation method of the nano sol comprises the following steps: carbonizing rice hull ash at 600 ℃, adding dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 0.3% for reaction to obtain sol, and mixing the sol with nano silicon dioxide according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain nano sol.
The manufacturing method of the drainage grid of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
compounding the drainage grid body and the geotextile to prepare a drainage grid; then the drainage grid body adopts one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber or basalt fiber longitudinally; the horizontal direction is nylon, polyester and polypropylene fibers, a drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine, and finally the special-shaped body is subjected to optimization treatment;
one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is/are sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
Comparative example 1
The same material as in example 3, except that the hydrophilicity-improving treatment was not performed.
Comparative example 2
The material was the same as that of example 3, except that the modified polyurethane water guide treatment was not performed.
The products of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for performance and the results of the tests according to the GB/T17633-1998 standard were as follows:
as can be seen from the performances of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, the hydrophilic modification treatment and the modified polyurethane water guide treatment can improve the water guide efficiency of the grid product.
The invention further tests the modified polyurethane to explore the water conductivity performance:
experimental example 1:
in the modified polyurethane composite modification, polyurethane is not added.
Experimental example 2:
in the composite modification of the modified polyurethane, no nano sol is added.
From the experimental examples 1-2, it can be seen that the polyurethane and the nano sol in the polyurethane composite modification have certain optimization on the drainage performance of the drainage grid.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A drainage grid is characterized by comprising a drainage grid body and geotextile, wherein the geotextile is compounded by double layers or single layers and is used for preventing silt from blocking; the compounding adopts the modes of adhesion, sewing and heat seal;
the geotextile is one of polypropylene filament geotextile, polyester filament and short fiber geotextile;
one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber and basalt fiber are longitudinally adopted by the drainage grid body and used for enhancing the function of the reinforcing rib; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, and the drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine; the mesh of the drainage grid body is one of 12.5 mm, 25.4 mm, 50.6 mm and 76 mm.
2. A drainage grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of optimizing the profile body of the transverse fibres is: one of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
3. The drainage grid according to claim 2, wherein the specific operation steps of the hydrophilicity-improving treatment of the nylon, the polypropylene fiber and the polyester fiber are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of a hydrophilic agent:
s1, mixing an aluminum chloride solution with the mass fraction of 20-50% and alkylphenol ethoxylates according to the weight ratio of 5:1, and then adjusting the pH of the solution to 10.0-11.0 to obtain a pore-thinning agent;
s2, feeding bentonite into a calcining furnace for calcining at the calcining temperature of 500-1000 ℃ for 10-20min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, feeding the bentonite into deionized water for ultrasonic dispersion treatment at the ultrasonic power of 100-200W for 10-20min, and finishing the ultrasonic treatment to obtain modified bentonite;
s3, feeding the modified bentonite into a pore-thinning agent, stirring at a rotation speed of 100-200r/min for 20-30min, finishing stirring, drying at 55-65 ℃ for 40-50min, and finally calcining at 700 ℃ for 10-20 min;
step two: and (3) improvement treatment: mixing the hydrophilic agent with nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber at the mixing speed of 100-200r/min for 40-50min, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10;
step three: and carrying out mixed melting treatment on the improved fiber and the modified graphene according to the weight ratio of 5:1, wherein the mixed melting temperature is 190-.
4. The drainage grid according to claim 3, wherein the modified graphene is prepared by the following steps: sending graphene into concentrated sulfuric acid for oxidation treatment, peeling and cleaning with boiling water, finishing cleaning, and irradiating with ultraviolet waves, wherein the wavelength of the radiation is 150-200nm, the power is 50-60W, and the radiation intensity is 0.6-0.7 muW/cm, so that the modified graphene is obtained.
5. The drainage grid according to claim 2, wherein the modified polyurethane water guide treatment comprises the following specific steps:
and (2) delivering polyurethane into the nano sol according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to prepare polyurethane sol, spraying the polyurethane sol onto the improved fibers by adopting a spraying method, wherein the spraying pressure of the spraying method is 10-20MPa, carrying out hot pressing treatment after spraying is finished, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 100-120 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 1-3min, and cooling to the room temperature naturally after hot pressing is finished.
6. A drainage grid according to claim 5, characterized in that the preparation method of the nanosol is: carbonizing rice hull ash at 600 ℃, adding the rice hull ash into dilute sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.4% for reaction to obtain sol, and mixing the sol with nano-silica according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain nano-sol.
7. A method of manufacturing a drain grid according to claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
compounding the drainage grid body and the geotextile to prepare a drainage grid; then the drainage grid body adopts one or more of carbon fiber, polyester fiber or basalt fiber longitudinally; the horizontal direction is nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, a drainage grid body is formed by warp knitting through a warp knitting machine, and finally the special-shaped body is optimized;
one or more of nylon, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber is/are sent into a hydrophilic agent for hydrophilic improvement treatment; and then carrying out modified polyurethane water guide treatment.
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