CN113774292A - U-based amorphous alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
U-based amorphous alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113774292A CN113774292A CN202111061775.6A CN202111061775A CN113774292A CN 113774292 A CN113774292 A CN 113774292A CN 202111061775 A CN202111061775 A CN 202111061775A CN 113774292 A CN113774292 A CN 113774292A
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- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear material amorphous alloys, in particular to a U-based amorphous alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises 55-65% of U, 5-15% of Al and the balance of VIII family metal elements in atomic percentage; the group VIII metal element includes Fe or Co. The U-based amorphous alloy has high amorphous forming capability and stronger thermal stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear material amorphous alloys, in particular to a U-based amorphous alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Uranium alloys have been reported as early as 50 s in the last century, and U-Si system amorphous was first obtained by irradiation in the journal of the American Institute of Mining and metallic Engineers, volume 212, by Bleeberg et al. In the last 80 century, this amorphous alloy research reached a high trend, wherein representative work was Giessen et al published U-M (M ═ Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, V, Si, Os, Ir, Pd) series binary amorphous alloys at Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids at volume 30 and "Proceedings of the 3rd international Conference on Rapid nucleation" international Conference, and Drehman et al systematically studied U-Fe, U-Ni and U-Co series amorphous alloys at volume 76. By 1996, Gambino et al published U-L (L ═ N, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, Te, Po) series amorphous materials in US patent 5534360. The amorphous alloy materials are reported by foreign research institutions, but the amorphous forming capability is not high, so that the application is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a U-based amorphous alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the U-based amorphous alloy has high amorphous forming capability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises 55-65% of U, 5-15% of Al and the balance of VIII family metal elements in atomic percentage; the group VIII metal element includes Fe or Co.
Preferably, the group VIII metal element further includes Ir or Os.
Preferably, the U-based amorphous alloy is U57.1Co28.6Al14.3、U64.3Co28.6Al7.1、U57.1Fe28.6Al14.3、U64.3Fe28.6Al7.1、U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15、U57.1Co28.6Al7.15Ir7.15、U57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Or U57.1Fe28.6Al7.15Os7.15。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises the following steps:
mixing U, Al and VIII family metal according to the proportion of each metal element in the U-based amorphous alloy, and carrying out arc melting to obtain a uranium alloy mother ingot;
and after the uranium alloy mother ingot is subjected to induction heating and melting, carrying out melt spinning on the obtained alloy melt to obtain the U-based amorphous alloy.
Preferably, the arc melting adopts argon arc melting, and the gas adopted by argon arc melting is argon gas.
Preferably, the current of the arc melting is 200-700A, and the time is 1-4 min.
Preferably, the induction heating melting is performed in an argon atmosphere;
the current for induction heating melting is 16-20A, and the time is 10-20 s.
Preferably, the process of the melt spinning is as follows: and spraying the alloy melt onto a rotating water-cooled copper roller by adopting argon.
Preferably, the pressure of the argon gas is 0.5 to 1 atmosphere relative to the pressure difference of the argon gas atmosphere in the induction heating melting;
the rotating speed of the water-cooling copper roller is 50-75 m/s.
The invention also provides the application of the U-based amorphous alloy in the technical scheme or the U-based amorphous alloy prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in nuclear materials.
The invention provides a U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises 55-65% of U, 5-15% of Al and the balance of VIII family metal elements in atomic percentage; the group VIII metal element includes Fe or Co. The Fe or Co has the function of constructing a U-Fe or U-Co binary basic atom cluster by forming a deep eutectic alloy phase with the U element so as to provide a basic cluster framework for the U-based amorphous alloy; the Al has the functions of increasing the number of the components of the alloy and constructing connecting atoms among clusters on one hand, and improving the atom mismatching degree of the local atom cluster structure of the alloy as a medium-sized atom element on the other hand, thereby improving the amorphous forming capability of the alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows U of example 157.1Co28.6Al14.3An X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the amorphous alloy;
FIG. 2 shows U in example 157.1Co28.6Al14.3A crystallization curve of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the amorphous alloy;
FIG. 3 shows U in example 157.1Co28.6Al14.3DSC melting curve of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 4 shows U in example 257.1Fe28.6Al14.3XRD pattern of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 5 shows U in example 257.1Fe28.6Al14.3DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy;
FIG. 6 shows U in example 257.1Fe28.6Al14.3DSC melting curve of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 7 shows U in example 357.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15XRD pattern of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 8 shows U in example 357.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy;
FIG. 9 shows U in example 357.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15DSC melting curve of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 10 shows U in example 457.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15XRD pattern of amorphous alloy;
FIG. 11 shows U in example 457.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy;
FIG. 12 shows U in example 457.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15DSC melting curve of amorphous alloy.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises 55-65% of U, 5-15% of Al and the balance of VIII family metal elements in atomic percentage; the group VIII metal element includes Fe or Co.
The U-based amorphous alloy provided by the invention comprises 55-65% of U by atomic percentage, and preferably 58-62%.
According to the atomic percentage, the U-based amorphous alloy provided by the invention comprises 5-15% of Al, preferably 6-13%, and more preferably 8-11%.
In the invention, the Al has the functions of increasing the number of the components of the alloy and constructing connecting atoms among clusters on one hand, and improving the atom mismatching degree of the local atomic cluster structure of the alloy as a medium-size atomic element on the other hand, thereby improving the amorphous forming capability of the alloy.
According to atomic percentage, the U-based amorphous alloy provided by the invention comprises the balance of metal elements in the VIII family; the group VIII metal element comprises Fe or Co, and preferably comprises Ir or Os. When the group VIII metal element comprises both Fe or Co and Ir or Os, the atomic percentage content of the Ir or Os in the U-based amorphous alloy is preferably 5 to 10 percent, and more preferably 6 to 8 percent.
In the invention, the Fe or Co has the function of forming a deep eutectic alloy phase with the U element, and then constructing a U-Fe or U-Co binary basic atom cluster from the deep eutectic alloy phase, thereby providing a basic cluster framework for the U-based amorphous alloy. In the invention, the Os or Ir has the functions of partially replacing Fe or Co, improving the stability of a U-Fe or U-Co basic atom cluster, further improving the amorphous forming capability, or partially replacing Al atoms, and changing the composition of connecting atoms; on the other hand, the advantage of higher melting point is utilized to improve the thermal stability of the amorphous structure.
In the present invention, the U-based amorphous alloy is preferably U57.1Co28.6Al14.3、U64.3Co28.6Al7.1、U57.1Fe28.6Al14.3、U64.3Fe28.6Al7.1、U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15、U57.1Co28.6Al7.15Ir7.15、U57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Or U57.1Fe28.6Al7.15Os7.15。
In the present invention, said U is57.1Co28.6Al14.3GlassGlass transition temperature (T)g) 621K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 636K, solidus temperature (T)m) 1052K, liquidus temperature (T)L) At 1080K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) Is 0.575; the U is57.1Co28.6Al14.3In the deep eutectic phase U6Co is used as a parent phase, a Co atom is used as a center, and a first shell contains a basic cluster of 8U atoms and 2 Co atoms [ Co-U8Co2]Then, with (Al)2Co) as a linking atom, establishing a cluster formula [ Co-U ]8Co2](Al2Co) which has a chemical composition corresponding to the electron concentration e/U of U57.1Co28.6Al14.3And 23.12.
The U is64.3Co28.6Al7.1No glass transition phenomenon, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 585K, solidus temperature (T)m) At 1002K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1090K;
the U is57.1Fe28.6Al14.3Glass transition temperature (T)g) 648K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 713K, solidus temperature (T)m) 1043K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1198K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) Is 0.621; the U is57.1Fe28.6Al14.3In the deep eutectic phase U6Fe is used as a parent phase, Fe atoms are used as centers, and the first shell contains a basic cluster [ Fe-U ] of 8U atoms and 2 Fe atoms8Fe2]Then, with (Al)2Fe) as a connecting atom to establish a cluster formula [ Fe-U ]8Fe2](Al2Fe) which corresponds to a chemical composition and an electron concentration e/U of U respectively57.1Fe28.6Al14.3And 23.68.
The U is64.3Fe28.6Al7.1Glass transition temperature (T)g) At 610K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 625K, solidus temperature (T)m) 1024K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1109K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL)0.550；
The U is57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15Glass transition temperature (T)g) 729K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 745K, solidus temperature (T)m) 1010K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1081K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) Is 0.674; the U is57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15Cluster of [ Co-U ]8Co2]Based on that, 1 Co atom of the first shell is replaced by 1 Ir atom, and then (Al)2Co) as a linking atom, establishing a cluster formula [ Co-U ]8CoIr](Al2Co) which has a chemical composition corresponding to the electron concentration e/U of U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15And 23.15.
The U is57.1Co28.6Al7.15Ir7.15Glass transition temperature (T)g) 600K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 621K, solidus temperature (T)m) At 995K, liquidus temperature (T)L) At 1036K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) 0.579;
the U is57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Glass transition temperature (T)g) 744K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 788K, solidus temperature (T)m) 1047K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1076K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) Is 0.710; the U is57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Cluster of [ Fe-U ]8Fe2]Based on that, 1 Fe atom of the first shell is replaced by 1 Os atom, and then (Al)2Fe) as a connecting atom to establish a cluster formula [ Fe-U ]8FeOs](Al2Fe) which corresponds to a chemical composition and an electron concentration e/U of U respectively57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15And 23.66.
The U is57.1Fe28.6Al7.15Os7.15Exhibits a double amorphous phase characteristic, a first amorphous phase having no glass transition phenomenon, and an initial crystallization temperature (T)x) Is 576K; second amorphousGlass transition temperature (T) of phaseg) 798K, initial crystallization temperature (T)x) 835K, solidus temperature (T)m) At 1002K, liquidus temperature (T)L) 1051K, reduced glass transition temperature (T)g/TL) Is 0.759.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the U-based amorphous alloy, which comprises the following steps:
mixing U, Al and VIII family metal according to the proportion of each metal element in the U-based amorphous alloy, and carrying out arc melting to obtain a uranium alloy mother ingot;
and after the uranium alloy mother ingot is subjected to induction heating and melting, carrying out melt spinning on the obtained alloy melt to obtain the U-based amorphous alloy.
In the present invention, all the starting materials for the preparation are commercially available products known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
According to the invention, U, Al and VIII family metals are mixed according to the proportion of each metal element in the U-based amorphous alloy, and arc melting is carried out to obtain a uranium alloy mother ingot.
In the present invention, the purity of U is preferably 99.5 wt% or more, and the purity of Al or group VIII metal is independently preferably 99.95 wt% or more.
In the present invention, when the mixing is performed, the mass deviation of each metal is preferably not more than 0.5 mg; the deviation of less than or equal to 0.5mg is preferably relative to the dosage of 5-100 g.
The present invention does not limit the mixing in any particular way, and the mixing may be carried out by a process known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the electric arc melting is preferably performed by argon arc melting; the gas used for argon arc is preferably argon. The purity of the argon gas is preferably 99.99% or more. The pressure of the argon is preferably 0.6-0.8 atmospheric pressure.
In the invention, the current of the arc melting is preferably 200-700A, more preferably 250-500A, and most preferably 300-400A; the time is preferably 1-4 min, and more preferably 3 min.
In the present invention, the arc meltingThe specific process of (2) is preferably: putting the mixed material obtained by mixing into a copper crucible of an electric arc melting furnace, and then vacuumizing the chamber of the melting furnace to less than or equal to 9 multiplied by 10-3And Pa, filling argon into the smelting chamber, and carrying out arc smelting, wherein in the process of arc smelting, the copper crucible is cooled by water with the pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa and the flow rate of 100-150 mL/s.
After the electric arc melting is finished, the method also preferably comprises the step of cooling the alloy primary ingot; the cooling process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be performed by a process known to those skilled in the art.
After the initial ingot is obtained by cooling, the invention also preferably comprises the step of repeating the arc melting process, wherein the repetition frequency is preferably more than or equal to 3 times. In the present invention, the repetition is aimed at obtaining a uranium alloy master ingot with a more uniform composition.
After the uranium alloy mother ingot is obtained, the uranium alloy mother ingot is subjected to induction heating and melting, and the obtained alloy melt is subjected to melt spinning to obtain the U-based amorphous alloy.
In the present invention, the induction heating melting is preferably performed in an argon atmosphere; the pressure of the argon atmosphere is preferably 0.5-0.8 atmospheric pressure; the purity of argon in the argon atmosphere is preferably more than 99.99 percent; the current for induction heating melting is preferably 16-20A, and more preferably 18-19A; the time is preferably 10 to 20s, and more preferably 13 to 16 s.
In the present invention, the specific process of the induction heating melting is preferably: the method comprises the following steps of putting a uranium alloy mother ingot into a silica glass tube with the diameter of 10mm, wherein a round hole with the diameter of 0.5-1 mm is formed in the bottom of the silica glass tube. Installing a glass tube filled with a uranium alloy mother ingot in an induction heating copper coil, and vacuumizing a cavity of a furnace body to less than or equal to 9 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling high-purity argon, and carrying out induction melting.
In the present invention, the alloy strip throwing process is preferably as follows: and spraying the alloy melt onto a rotating water-cooled copper roller by adopting argon. The pressure of the argon is preferably 0.5-1 atmospheric pressure relative to the pressure difference of the argon atmosphere in the induction heating melting; the rotating speed of the water-cooling copper roller is preferably 50-75 m/s, more preferably 55-70 m/s, and most preferably 60-65 m/s.
In the invention, the U-based amorphous alloy is preferably an amorphous alloy strip sample with the diameter of 1-2 mm.
The invention also provides the application of the U-based amorphous alloy in the technical scheme or the U-based amorphous alloy prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in nuclear materials. The method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the method may be performed by a method known to those skilled in the art.
The following will describe the U-based amorphous alloy and the preparation method and application thereof in detail with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
U57.1Co28.6Al14.3Amorphous alloy:
mixing 5.2560g U (purity is more than or equal to 99.5%), 0.6520gCo (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) and 0.1492gAl (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) according to the mass ratio of 86.78:10.76:2.46, wherein in the mixing process, the mass deviation is less than or equal to 0.5mg, and obtaining a mixture;
putting the mixture into a copper crucible of an arc melting furnace, and vacuumizing to 6 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling 0.8 high-purity argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent under atmospheric pressure into the smelting chamber, and carrying out arc smelting, wherein in the process of arc smelting, the copper crucible is cooled by water with the pressure of 0.3MPa and the flow rate of 120mL/s, the current of arc smelting is 300A, and the time is 3 min. Waiting for 10min after the smelting is finished to cool the alloy to room temperature to obtain an initial blank, and repeating the arc smelting process for 3 times to obtain U with all components57.1Co28.6Al14.3A master alloy ingot;
will be the U57.1Co28.6Al14.3Putting the master alloy ingot into a silica glass tube with the diameter of 10mm, arranging a round hole with the diameter of 0.6mm at the bottom of the glass tube, and putting the U in the round hole57.1Co28.6Al14.3The glass tube of the master alloy ingot is installedInside the copper coil heated by induction, and then the chamber of the furnace body is vacuumized to 6 multiplied by 10-3Pa. And introducing high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with 0.5 atmospheric pressure for induction melting, wherein the induction current of the induction melting is 18A, and the time is 13 s. Then, spraying the melt onto a water-cooled copper roller with the rotating speed of 50m/s by using high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with the atmospheric pressure of 1.4 to obtain an amorphous alloy strip with the diameter of 1.4 mm;
performing XRD test and DSC test on the amorphous alloy strip, wherein figure 1 is an XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy strip, figure 2 is a DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy strip at a heating rate of 20K/min, and figure 3 is a DSC melting curve of the amorphous alloy strip at the heating rate of 20K/min; as can be seen from FIG. 1, no sharp diffraction peak is observed in the XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy strip, indicating that an amorphous phase is formed, and the main diffuse peak is located at the position of 2Theta ≈ 36 °; from FIG. 2, it can be seen that the glass transition process and the single-peak crystallization behavior are evident, and the glass transition temperature is 621K, and the initial crystallization temperature is 636K; from FIG. 3, it can be seen that a distinct unimodal melting behavior is obtained with a solidus temperature of 1052K and a liquidus temperature of 1080K, whereby an approximate glass transition temperature of 0.575 is obtained.
Example 2
U57.1Fe28.6Al14.3Amorphous alloy:
mixing 6.2664g U (purity is more than or equal to 99.5%), 0.7362gFe (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) and 0.1785gAl (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) according to the mass ratio of 87.27:10.25:2.48, wherein in the mixing process, the mass deviation is less than or equal to 0.5mg, and obtaining a mixture;
putting the mixture into a copper crucible of an electric arc melting furnace, and vacuumizing to 8 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling 0.8 high-purity argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent under atmospheric pressure into the smelting chamber, and carrying out arc smelting, wherein in the process of arc smelting, the copper crucible is cooled by water with the pressure of 0.3MPa and the flow rate of 120mL/s, the current of arc smelting is 300A, and the time is 3 min. Waiting for 10min after the smelting is finished to cool the alloy to room temperature to obtain an initial blank, and repeating the arc smelting process for 3 times to obtain U with all components57.1Fe28.6Al14.3A master alloy ingot;
will be the U57.1Fe28.6Al14.3Putting the master alloy ingot into a silica glass tube with the diameter of 10mm, arranging a round hole with the diameter of 0.9mm at the bottom of the glass tube, and putting the U in the round hole57.1Co28.6Al14.3The glass tube of the master alloy ingot is installed inside the induction heating copper coil, and then the chamber of the furnace body is vacuumized to 8 x 10-3Pa. And introducing high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with 0.6 atmospheric pressure for induction melting, wherein the induction current of the induction melting is 18A, and the time is 13 s. Then, spraying the melt onto a water-cooled copper roller with the rotating speed of 50m/s by using high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with the atmospheric pressure of 1.4 to obtain an amorphous alloy strip with the diameter of 1.5 mm;
performing XRD test and DSC test on the amorphous alloy strip, wherein figure 4 is an XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy strip, figure 5 is a DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy strip at a heating rate of 20K/min, and figure 6 is a DSC melting curve of the amorphous alloy strip at the heating rate of 20K/min; as can be seen from FIG. 4, no sharp diffraction peak is observed in the XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy ribbon, indicating that an amorphous phase is formed, and the main diffuse peak is located at the position of 2Theta ≈ 37 ℃; from fig. 5, it can be seen that the glass transition process and the single-peak crystallization behavior are obvious, the glass transition temperature is 648K, the initial crystallization temperature is 713K, and the supercooling liquid phase zone Δ T (T ═ T)x-Tg) Reaching 65K; from FIG. 6, it can be seen that the melting behavior of the main peak plus shoulder is evident, wherein the solidus temperature is 1043K and the liquidus temperature is 1198K, whereby an approximate glass transition temperature of 0.621 can be obtained.
Example 3
U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15Amorphous alloy:
8.1061g U (with the purity being more than or equal to 99.5%), 0.7545g of Co (with the purity being more than or equal to 99.95%), 0.2296g of Al (with the purity being more than or equal to 99.95%) and 0.8192g of Ir (with the purity being more than or equal to 99.95%) are mixed according to the mass ratio of 81.80:7.61:2.32:8.27, wherein in the mixing process, the mass deviation is less than or equal to 0.5mg, and a mixture is obtained;
putting the mixture into a copper crucible of an arc melting furnace, and vacuumizing to 7 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling 0.8 high-purity argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent under atmospheric pressure into the smelting chamber, and carrying out arc smelting, wherein in the process of arc smelting, the copper crucible is cooled by water with the pressure of 0.3MPa and the flow rate of 120mL/s, the current of arc smelting is 450A, and the time is 3 min. Waiting for 10min after the smelting is finished to cool the alloy to room temperature to obtain an initial blank, and repeating the arc smelting process for 3 times to obtain U with all components57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15A master alloy ingot;
will be the U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15Putting the master alloy ingot into a silica glass tube with the diameter of 10mm, arranging a round hole with the diameter of 0.8mm at the bottom of the glass tube, and putting the U in the round hole57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15The glass tube of the master alloy ingot is installed inside the induction heating copper coil, and then the chamber of the furnace body is vacuumized to 7 x 10-3Pa. And introducing high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with 0.7 atmospheric pressure for induction melting, wherein the induction current of the induction melting is 20A, and the time is 15 s. Then, spraying the melt onto a water-cooled copper roller with the rotating speed of 50m/s by using high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with the atmospheric pressure of 1.4 to obtain an amorphous alloy strip with the diameter of 1.6 mm;
performing XRD test and DSC test on the amorphous alloy strip, wherein figure 7 is an XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy strip, figure 8 is a DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy strip at a heating rate of 20K/min, and figure 9 is a DSC melting curve of the amorphous alloy strip at the heating rate of 20K/min; as can be seen from FIG. 7, no sharp diffraction peak is observed in the XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy ribbon, indicating that an amorphous phase is formed, and the main dispersion peak thereof is located at a position of 2Theta ≈ 36 °; from FIG. 8, it can be seen that the sample has two crystallization peaks, the initial crystallization temperature of the first crystallization peak is 577K, the second crystallization peak is accompanied by an obvious glass transition process, the glass transition temperature is 729K, and the initial crystallization temperature is 745K, which reflects that the alloy is composed of two amorphous phases; from FIG. 9, it is apparent that the melting line is multimodalWherein the solidus temperature is 1010K and the liquidus temperature is 1081K. When the amorphous phase of the second stage was observed, the glass transition temperature was about 0.674, and U was observed57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15An amorphous phase of the alloy has significantly better amorphous forming ability and thermal stability than U of example 157.1Co28.6Al14.3。
Example 4
U57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Amorphous alloy:
mixing 7.5200g U (purity is more than or equal to 99.5%), 0.6625g of Fe (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%), 0.2133g of Al (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) and 0.7532g of Os (purity is more than or equal to 99.95%) according to the mass ratio of 82.20:7.24:2.33:8.23, wherein in the mixing process, the mass deviation is less than or equal to 0.5mg, and obtaining a mixture;
putting the mixture into a copper crucible of an arc melting furnace, and vacuumizing to 7 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling 0.8 high-purity argon with the purity of more than 99.999 percent under atmospheric pressure into the smelting chamber, and carrying out arc smelting, wherein in the process of arc smelting, the copper crucible is cooled by water with the pressure of 0.3MPa and the flow rate of 120mL/s, the current of arc smelting is 500A, and the time is 3 min. Waiting for 10min after the smelting is finished to cool the alloy to room temperature to obtain an initial blank, and repeating the arc smelting process for 3 times to obtain U with all components57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15A master alloy ingot;
will be the U57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Putting the master alloy ingot into a silica glass tube with the diameter of 10mm, arranging a round hole with the diameter of 0.9mm at the bottom of the glass tube, and putting the U in the round hole57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15The glass tube of the master alloy ingot is installed inside the induction heating copper coil, and then the chamber of the furnace body is vacuumized to 7 x 10-3Pa. And introducing high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999%) with 0.7 atmospheric pressure for induction melting, wherein the induction current of the induction melting is 20A, and the time is 15 s. Then the melt is sprayed to the rotating speed of 1.4 atmospheric high-purity argon (the purity is more than or equal to 99.999 percent)Obtaining an amorphous alloy strip with the diameter of 1.6mm on a water-cooled copper roller with the diameter of 50 m/s;
performing XRD test and DSC test on the amorphous alloy strip, wherein figure 10 is an XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy strip, figure 11 is a DSC crystallization curve of the amorphous alloy strip at a heating rate of 20K/min, and figure 12 is a DSC melting curve of the amorphous alloy strip at the heating rate of 20K/min; as can be seen from FIG. 10, no sharp diffraction peak is observed in the XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy ribbon, indicating that an amorphous phase is formed, with a main scattering peak at a position of 2Theta ≈ 37 °; from fig. 11, it can be seen that the glass transition process and the unimodal crystallization behavior are evident, the glass transition temperature is 744K, and the initial crystallization temperature is 788K; from fig. 12, it can be seen that the melting behavior of the main peak plus shoulder is evident, wherein the solidus temperature is 1047K and the liquidus temperature is 1076K, whereby an approximate glass transition temperature of 0.710 can be obtained.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A U-based amorphous alloy is characterized by comprising 55-65% of U, 5-15% of Al and the balance of metal elements in a VIII group by atomic percentage; the group VIII metal element includes Fe or Co.
2. The U-based amorphous alloy according to claim 1, wherein the group viii metal element further comprises Ir or Os.
3. The U-based amorphous alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the U-based amorphous alloy is U57.1Co28.6Al14.3、U64.3Co28.6Al7.1、U57.1Fe28.6Al14.3、U64.3Fe28.6Al7.1、U57.1Co21.45Al14.3Ir7.15、U57.1Co28.6Al7.15Ir7.15、U57.1Fe21.45Al14.3Os7.15Or U57.1Fe28.6Al7.15Os7.15。
4. The method for preparing U-based amorphous alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
mixing U, Al and VIII family metal according to the proportion of each metal element in the U-based amorphous alloy, and carrying out arc melting to obtain a uranium alloy mother ingot;
and after the uranium alloy mother ingot is subjected to induction heating and melting, carrying out melt spinning on the obtained alloy melt to obtain the U-based amorphous alloy.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the arc melting is performed using argon arc, and argon gas is used as a gas for the argon arc.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the electric arc melting is carried out at a current of 200-700A for 1-4 min.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the induction heating melting is performed in an argon atmosphere;
the current for induction heating melting is 16-20A, and the time is 10-20 s.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the melt spinning process comprises: and spraying the alloy melt onto a rotating water-cooled copper roller by adopting argon.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pressure of the argon gas is 0.5 to 1 atm relative to a pressure difference of an argon gas atmosphere in the induction heating melting;
the rotating speed of the water-cooling copper roller is 50-75 m/s.
10. Use of the U-based amorphous alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the U-based amorphous alloy prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in nuclear materials.
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