CN113773636B - Polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material and cable preparation method - Google Patents
Polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material and cable preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113773636B CN113773636B CN202110849727.7A CN202110849727A CN113773636B CN 113773636 B CN113773636 B CN 113773636B CN 202110849727 A CN202110849727 A CN 202110849727A CN 113773636 B CN113773636 B CN 113773636B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- BZQKBFHEWDPQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-[2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)ethyl]benzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1CCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br BZQKBFHEWDPQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001377 aluminum hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaluminum Chemical compound CC[Al]CC CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/56—Screws having grooves or cavities other than the thread or the channel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/62—Screws characterised by the shape of the thread channel, e.g. U-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/65—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads or channels having different configurations, e.g. one thread being lower than its neighbouring thread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/655—Screws with two or more threads having three or more threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/302—Polyurethanes or polythiourethanes; Polyurea or polythiourea
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92885—Screw or gear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material and a cable preparation method, wherein the polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 45-75 parts of polyether polyurethane elastomer; 5-10 parts of EVA resin; 30-45 parts of a flame retardant; 2-10 parts of a compatilizer; 0.01-3 parts of antioxidant; 0-3 parts of a lubricant. Meanwhile, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is blended and modified in terms of formula and process, the rubber material oxygen index of the high-flame-retardant high-tear-resistance polyurethane elastomer Cable sheath material provided by the invention is greater than 30, a Cable using the sheath material as a sheath layer passes a Cable flame-retardant test, and meanwhile, the tear-resistance strength of the Cable is more than 50N/mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric wires and cables, in particular to a polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material and a cable preparation method.
Background
The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has excellent mechanical properties such as wear resistance, oil resistance and low temperature resistance, and is widely applied in the field of electric wires and cables, but the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has some defects as a cable sheath material, such as: the oxygen index is low, the flame retardance is relatively poor, most polyurethane wires, especially insulation core wires, in the industry are composite cables without flame retardant materials, the flame retardant grade of the composite cables is greatly limited, and many wires are difficult to reach the combustion standards of VW-1 and Cable lame; some polyurethanes are easily hydrolyzed and are not suitable for use in high humidity or water environments; meanwhile, the tear strength of the polyurethane wire is not high, high risk exists when the cable is used in a bending mode, and the polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material is difficult to extrude and process, so that the performance of the cable is obviously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material with high flame retardance and high tear resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a cable preparation method using the polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 45-75 parts of polyether polyurethane elastomer; 5-10 parts of EVA resin; 30-45 parts of a flame retardant; 2-10 parts of a compatilizer; 0.01-3 parts of an antioxidant; 0-3 parts of a lubricant.
Further, the polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-55 parts of a polyether polyurethane elastomer; 5-8 parts of EVA resin; 40-45 parts of a flame retardant; 2-5 parts of a compatilizer; 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant; 0-3 parts of a lubricant.
Further, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant of antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane and magnesium hydroxide.
Further, the mass ratio of the antimony trioxide, the decabromodiphenylethane and the magnesium hydroxide is (2-3): (2-3): (1-2).
Further, the antioxidant is at least one of phosphite antioxidant and thioester antioxidant.
Further, the lubricant is at least one of N, N' -Ethylene Bis Stearamide (EBS), silicone master batch and organic silicon.
Further, the compatilizer is PS-g-MAH.
A cable preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: firstly, drying 45-75 parts of polyether type polyurethane elastomer, and then uniformly mixing with 5-10 parts of EVA resin, 30-45 parts of flame retardant, 2-10 parts of compatilizer, 0.01-3 parts of antioxidant and 0-3 parts of lubricant to obtain a sheath raw material mixture;
s2: putting the sheath raw material mixture into a feeder, and performing double-screw granulation operation, wherein the double-screw feeding speed is 10-40 r/min, the screw speed is 10-40 r/min, the temperature of a conveying section and a compression section is 100-150 ℃, the temperature of a metering section is 140-160 ℃, and a sheath rubber material is obtained by water cooling and grain cutting after extrusion;
s3: and drying the sheath raw material particles, putting the dried sheath raw material particles into an electric wire extruder, and extruding to form a sheath layer outside the semi-finished cable product under the conditions that the extrusion linear speed is 25-40 m/min, the screw speed is 20-40 r/min, the temperature of a conveying section is 155-165 ℃, the temperature of a compression section is 170-185 ℃ and the temperature of a metering section is 175-185 ℃ to obtain the finished cable.
Further, the wire diameter of the finished cable is 4.4-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the sheath layer is 0.5-1.05 mm.
Further, the outer diameter of the extrusion screw used in S3
65mm, the length-diameter ratio of 1-24 and the compression ratio of 2.85-2.9, so that large dynamic extrusion pressure and shearing force are provided in the extrusion process to ensure good plasticizing performance and processing stability of the sheath rubber material.
Further, the length of the conveying section of the extrusion screw is 550-600 mm, conveying threads are arranged on the conveying section, and a thread groove is formed by two adjacent conveying threads, wherein the groove depth of the conveying thread groove is 8-9 mm, and the width of the conveying thread is 6.0-7 mm, so that smooth conveying of the sheath rubber can be guaranteed.
Further, the length of a compression section of the extrusion screw is 550-650 mm; the compression section is provided with compression main threads and compression auxiliary threads at intervals, wherein each compression auxiliary thread and two adjacent compression main threads form a compression main thread groove and a compression auxiliary thread groove respectively from the fixed end to the metering end, the diameter of the groove bottom of the compression main thread groove is gradually increased, the diameter of the groove bottom of the compression auxiliary thread groove is unchanged, and thus the uniform plasticization and sufficient pressure of the sheath rubber can be ensured.
Furthermore, the width of the compression main thread is 4.75-5 mm, and the width of the compression auxiliary thread is 3.5-3.75 mm.
Furthermore, the length of the metering section of the extrusion screw is 400-450 mm, the metering section is provided with metering threads, a metering thread groove is formed between every two adjacent metering threads, the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 2.5-3 mm, and the width of the metering thread groove is 6.0-6.5 mm.
Furthermore, the metering section is provided with an inclined mixing groove along the length direction, the length of the inclined mixing groove is 100-130 mm, the inclined milling is performed for 30 degrees and 12 equal divisions, so that the uniform mixing of the sheath rubber material can be effectively ensured, and the phenomena of bright lines and the like can not be generated.
Furthermore, an inner mold pipe of an extrusion mold in the wire extruder adopts an inner mold with a nozzle length of 4mm, so that the gap between the inner mold and the outer mold is conveniently adjusted, and the condition of eye mask residue accumulation is improved.
Further, the extrusion screw is manufactured by adopting a DC53 die steel material in a finish machining mode; the extrusion screw is subjected to quenching, tempering and nitriding treatment, the surface hardness of the extrusion screw is HV 1000-HV 1200, and the surface of the extrusion screw is subjected to polishing and hard coating treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
according to the polyurethane elastomer Cable sheath material provided by the invention, polyether polyurethane elastomer, EVA resin, a flame retardant, a compatilizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant and other materials are adopted in a specific proportion to carry out blending modification on the polyether polyurethane elastomer, and a screw specially designed for a formula is adopted to extrude the polyether polyurethane elastomer to serve as the sheath material of the Cable, so that the finally prepared Cable has the characteristics of good flame retardant property and strong tear resistance, wherein the oxygen index of the rubber material of the polyurethane elastomer Cable sheath material provided by the invention is greater than 30, the prepared Cable passes a Cable flame retardant test, and meanwhile, the tear resistance of the Cable is more than 50N/mm.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an extrusion screw used in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable prepared by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. All the raw materials and reagents used in the present invention are commercially available raw materials and reagents, unless otherwise specified. The amount of each component in the examples is g and mL in parts by mass.
Referring to fig. 1, an extrusion screw 10 used in the present invention is provided with a conveying section 100, a compression section 200 and a metering section 300, wherein the conveying section 100 is provided with conveying threads 110, and a conveying thread groove 120 is formed between two adjacent conveying threads 110; the compression section 200 is provided with compression main threads 210 and compression auxiliary threads 220 at intervals, wherein each compression auxiliary thread 220 and two adjacent compression main threads 210 form a compression main thread groove 230 and a compression auxiliary thread groove 240 respectively, the diameter of the groove bottom of the compression auxiliary thread groove 240 is unchanged, and the diameter of the groove bottom of the compression main thread groove 230 is gradually changed; the metering section 300 is provided with metering screw threads 310, a metering screw thread groove 320 is formed between two adjacent metering screw threads 310, and the metering section 300 is provided with an inclined mixing groove 330 along the length direction.
In particular, the outer diameter of the extrusion screw 10
65mm, length-diameter ratio of 1-25, compression ratio of 2.85-2.9;
The length of the metering section 300 is 400-450 mm, and the groove depth of the metering thread groove 320 is 2.5-3 mm; metering the width W of the thread 310 4 6.0-6.5 mm, and the length L of the inclined mixing groove 4 Is 100-130 mm, is obliquely milled for 30 degrees and is divided into 12 equal parts.
Referring to fig. 2, the cable 20 prepared by the present invention includes a plurality of core wires 400, pp insulating layers 410 are coated outside the core wires 400, paper tape layers 500 are disposed outside the core wires 400, the core wires 400 are filled with cotton yarns 600, and a sheath layer 700 is disposed outside the paper tape layers.
The wire diameter of the cable 20 is 4.4 to 5.5mm, and the thickness of the sheath layer 700 is 0.5 to 1.05mm. The cable 20 provided by the invention has a small wire diameter, and the core wire 400, the paper tape layer 500 and the cotton yarn 600 have no flame retardant effect, so that the requirement on the flame retardant effect of the sheath layer 700 is particularly high, and the sheath material provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 45-75 parts of a polyether polyurethane elastomer; 5-10 parts of EVA resin; 30-45 parts of a flame retardant; 2-10 parts of a compatilizer; 0.01-3 parts of antioxidant; 0-3 parts of lubricant, wherein the jacket material provided by the invention is used as the jacket layer 700 of the Cable 20, so that the Cable 20 can pass a Cable flame retardant test.
Example 1: preparation of polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material
S1: drying 50 parts of polyether polyurethane elastomer at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, and then uniformly mixing the polyether polyurethane elastomer with 5 parts of EVA resin, 15 parts of antimony trioxide, 15 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 5 parts of PS-g-MAH, 0.5 part of antioxidant 1010 and 1 part of silicone master batch in a stirrer to obtain a sheath raw material mixture;
s2: putting the sheath raw material mixture obtained in the step S1 into a feeder, and carrying out twin-screw granulation operation, wherein the specific twin-screw granulation process parameters are as follows: the feeding speed of the twin-screw is 20r/min, the screw speed is 23r/min, the zone of the machine barrel 1 is 130 +/-5 ℃, the zone of the machine barrel 2 is 140 +/-5 ℃, the zone of the machine barrel 3 is 150 +/-5 ℃, the zone of the machine barrel 4 is 160 +/-5 ℃, the head and the die are 155 +/-5 ℃, water cooling and then granulating by a high-speed granulator, wherein the granulating speed is 330rpm, so as to obtain a sheath rubber material;
s3: spreading and drying the sheath raw material particles at 90 ℃ multiplied by 4H in an oven, putting the dried sheath raw material particles into an electric wire extruder, and extruding by using an extrusion screw to form a sheath layer on the outer part of the semi-finished cable product under the conditions that the extrusion linear speed is 40m/min, the screw speed is 36r/min, the temperature of the extruder is 160 +/-5 ℃ in a first area, 175 +/-5 ℃ in a second area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a third area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a fourth area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a neck, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a head and 175 +/-5 ℃ in an eye die to obtain the high-flame-retardant high-tear-resistance cable 20 with the wire diameter of 5.0mm and the sheath layer thickness of 0.8 mm.
The cable 20 prepared by the invention comprises 9 core wires 400, pp insulating layers 410 are coated outside the core wires 400, paper tape layers 500 are arranged outside the core wires 400, cotton yarns 600 are filled among the core wires 400, and a sheath layer 700 is arranged outside the paper tape layers.
Wherein the extrusion screw adopted in the step S3 has an outer diameter of 65mm, a length-diameter ratio of 1 to 25 and a compression ratio of 2.9; the length of the conveying section is 585mm, the depth of the conveying thread groove is 8mm, and the width of the conveying section thread is 6.5mm; the length of the compression section is 590mm, and the diameter of the bottom of the compression main thread groove
Gradually change to
The diameter of the bottom of the compression auxiliary thread groove is 61.5mm; the length of the metering section is 450mm, the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 2.5mm, the metering thread width is 6.5mm, the length of the inclined mixing groove is 100mm, the inclined milling is 30 degrees, and the metering section is divided into 12 equal parts.
Example 2: preparation of polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the S1 step is: drying 55 parts of polyether type polyurethane elastomer at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, and then uniformly mixing the polyether type polyurethane elastomer with 8 parts of EVA resin, 15 parts of antimony trioxide, 10 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, 5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7 parts of PS-g-MAH, 0.2 part of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5 part of N, N' -ethylene bis stearamide in a stirrer to obtain a sheath raw material mixture;
wherein the steps of S2 and S3 are the same as in example 1.
Example 3: preparation of polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material
The difference from the example 1 is that the S1 step is: drying 45 parts of polyether polyurethane elastomer at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, and then uniformly mixing the polyether polyurethane elastomer with 7 parts of EVA resin, 18 parts of antimony trioxide, 18 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, 9 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 3 parts of PS-g-MAH, 0.5 part of antioxidant DLTP and 1 part of organic silicon in a stirrer to obtain a sheath raw material mixture;
wherein the steps of S2 and S3 are the same as in example 1.
Example 4: preparation of polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material
The difference between example 4 and example 1 is that the step S3 is: spreading the sheath raw material particles in an oven, drying at 90 ℃ multiplied by 4H, putting the dried sheath raw material particles into a wire extruder, and extruding by using an extrusion screw to form a sheath layer on the outer part of the semi-finished cable product under the conditions that the extrusion linear speed is 35m/min, the screw speed is 30r/min, the temperature of the extruder is 160 +/-5 ℃ in a first area, 175 +/-5 ℃ in a second area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a third area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a fourth area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a neck, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a head and 175 +/-5 ℃ in an eye die to obtain the high-flame-retardant high-tear-resistance cable finished product with the wire diameter of 5.0mm and the sheath layer thickness of 0.8 mm.
Wherein the external diameter of the extrusion screw is 65mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1; the length of the conveying section is 550mm, the groove depth of the conveying thread groove is 9mm, and the width of the conveying section thread is 6.5mm; the length of the compression section is 580mm, and the diameter of the bottom of the compression main thread groove
Gradually change to
The diameter of the bottom of the compression auxiliary thread groove is 61.25mm; the length of the metering section is 400mm, the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 3mm, the metering thread width is 6mm, the length of the inclined mixing groove is 130mm, the inclined milling is 30 degrees, and the metering thread groove is divided into 12 equal parts.
Example 5: preparation of polyurethane elastomer cable sheath material
The difference between example 4 and example 1 is that the step S3 is: spreading and drying the sheath raw material particles at 90 ℃ multiplied by 4H in an oven, putting the dried sheath raw material particles into an electric wire extruder, and extruding by using an extrusion screw to form a sheath layer on the outer part of the semi-finished cable product under the conditions that the extrusion linear speed is 40m/min, the screw speed is 40r/min, the temperature of the extruder is 160 +/-5 ℃ in a first area, 175 +/-5 ℃ in a second area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a third area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a fourth area, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a neck, 180 +/-5 ℃ in a head and 175 +/-5 ℃ in an eye die to obtain the high-flame-retardant high-tear-resistance cable product with the wire diameter of 5.0mm and the sheath layer thickness of 0.8 mm.
Wherein the external diameter of the extrusion screw is 65mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1; the length of the conveying section is 570mm, the groove depth of the conveying thread groove is 8mm, and the thread width of the conveying section is 6.5mm; the length of the compression section is 630mm, and the diameter of the bottom of the compression main thread groove
Gradually change to
The diameter of the bottom of the compression auxiliary thread groove is 61.5mm; the length of the metering section is 425mm, the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 2.5mm, the metering thread width is 6.5mm, the length of the inclined mixing groove is 120mm, and the inclined milling is performed at 30 degrees and 12 equal divisions.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the EVA resin is not added when the sheath raw material mixture is prepared in the step S1; the extrusion linear speed in the step S3 is 25m/min, and the screw speed is 22r/min.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the flame retardant used in the preparation of the sheath raw material mixture in the step S1 is 15 parts of antimony trioxide, 15 parts of melamine cyanurate (MAC) and 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide; the extrusion linear speed in the step S3 is 25m/min, and the screw speed is 22r/min.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the flame retardant used in the step S1 for preparing the sheath raw material mixture is 25 parts of diethyl aluminum hypophosphite ADP and 15 parts of melamine cyanurate MAC; the extrusion linear speed in the step S3 is 20m/min, and the screw speed is 18r/min.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: the external diameter of the extrusion screw adopted in the step S3 is 65mm, the compression ratio is 2.7, the length-diameter ratio is 1:25, the length of the conveying section is 455mm, and the groove depth of the conveying thread groove is 7.75mm; the length of the compression section is 790mm; the length of the metering section is 390mm, and the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 4mm; meanwhile, the extrusion linear speed is 30m/min, and the screw rotating speed is 22r/min.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that: the outer diameter of the extrusion screw adopted in the step S3 is 90mm, the compression ratio is 2.7, the length-diameter ratio is 1; the length of the compression section is 790mm, and the diameter of the bottom of the compression main thread groove
Gradually change to
The diameter of the bottom of the compression pair thread groove is
The length of the metering section is 390mm, and the groove depth of the metering thread groove is 4mm; meanwhile, the linear extrusion speed is 40m/min, and the screw rotating speed is 22r/min.
Comparative example 6
Compared with example 1, the flame retardant used was 10 parts of antimony trioxide, 10 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, and 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide.
The appearance of the cables prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 6 was observed and tested for physical properties, and the specific results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3.
Table 1 cable appearance and physical property test results for different embodiments
Table 2 appearance and physical property test results of cables of different comparative examples
Table 3 appearance and physical property test results of cables of different comparative examples
As can be seen from the data of tables 1, 2 and 3, the extrusion line speed and the screw rotation speed in the step S3 have a significant influence on the appearance of the wire rod, and when exceeding the numerical ranges of the extrusion speed limit and the screw rotation speed of the present invention, the appearance of the wire rod appears rough.
Compared with the example 1, when the EVA resin is not added when the sheath raw material mixture is used, although the physical performance of the cable is relatively high, the processing performance is obviously reduced, and the dripping phenomenon exists in the flame retardant test, and obviously, the combined use of the polyether polyurethane elastomer and the EVA elastomer can improve the processing performance, the appearance and the flame retardance of the sheath material on the cable.
Comparative example 2 compared to example 1, melamine cyanurate was used in place of decabromodiphenylethane on the flame retardant; compared with the example 1, the adopted flame retardant is the composite flame retardant of aluminum diethylphosphinate and melamine cyanurate, and in a flame retardant test, the wire rods of the comparative examples 2 and 3 can not pass through Cable lame, so that the synergistic effect of antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane and magnesium hydroxide adopted in the formula can ensure that the formula has excellent flame retardant effect, and the flame retardant property of the formula can be obviously reduced by replacing the flame retardant components.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the compression ratio, the conveying section length and the groove depth, the compression section length, the metering section length and the groove depth of the adopted extrusion screw exceed the data range of the extrusion screw, the tear strength value of the finally prepared cable is 42N/mm, and is reduced by 18% compared with the tear strength value of 51N/mm in the embodiment 1, so that the specific parameters of the extrusion screw obviously influence the tear strength of the cable.
Comparative example 5 compared with example 1, the outer diameter of the extrusion screw used was 90mm, and the compression ratio, the length-diameter ratio, and the specific parameters of the conveying section, the compression section, and the metering section were all different from example 1, and the tear strength value of the finally prepared cable was only 34N/mm, and it was found that the more the parameters of the extrusion screw deviated from the extrusion screw of example 1, the lower the tear strength of the cable.
Compared with the example 1, the proportion of magnesium hydroxide in the adopted flame retardant to the total mass of the flame retardant exceeds the data range of the invention, finally the oxygen index of the Cable of the comparative example 6 is lower than 30, and the Cable flame test cannot be passed, and the dosage proportion of different components in the composite flame retardant also obviously influences the flame-retardant effect of the composite flame retardant in the formula system of the polyether polyurethane elastomer and the EVA elastomer.
Furthermore, under the action of the special extrusion screw rod adopted by the invention, all components in the sheath material formula can be uniformly plasticized and mixed, and the use amount of auxiliary materials such as flame retardants, antioxidants, compatilizers and lubricants can be reduced without influencing the physical properties of the final sheath material.
The above embodiments are the best mode for carrying out the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent substitutions and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A cable preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: firstly, drying 45-75 parts of polyether polyurethane elastomer, and then uniformly mixing with 5-10 parts of EVA resin, 30-45 parts of flame retardant, 2-10 parts of compatilizer, 0.01-3 parts of antioxidant and 0-3 parts of lubricant to obtain a sheath raw material mixture;
s2: putting the sheath raw material mixture into a feeding machine, and carrying out double-screw granulation operation, wherein the double-screw feeding speed is 10 to 40r/min, the screw speed is 10 to 40r/min, the temperatures of a conveying section and a compression section are 100 to 150 ℃, the temperature of a metering section is 140 to 160 ℃, and after extrusion, water cooling and granulation are carried out to obtain a sheath rubber material;
s3: drying the sheath raw material particles, putting the dried sheath raw material particles into a wire extruder, and extruding the sheath raw material particles to form a sheath layer outside a semi-finished cable under the conditions that the extrusion line speed is 25 to 40m/min, the screw speed is 20 to 40r/min, the conveying section temperature is 155 to 165 ℃, the compression section temperature is 170 to 185 ℃, and the metering section temperature is 175 to 185 ℃ to obtain a finished cable;
the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant of antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane and magnesium hydroxide, and the mass ratio of the antimony trioxide to the decabromodiphenylethane to the magnesium hydroxide is (2~3): (2~3): (1~2);
the external diameter phi of an extrusion screw adopted in the S3 is 65mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1 to 25.5, and the compression ratio is 2.85 to 2.9;
the conveying length of the extrusion screw is 550 to 600mm, and the groove depth is 8 to 9mm;
the length of a compression section of the extrusion screw is 550 to 650mm, compression main threads and compression auxiliary threads are arranged on the compression section at intervals, each compression auxiliary thread and two adjacent compression main threads form a compression main thread groove and a compression auxiliary thread groove respectively, and the diameter of the bottom of the compression main thread groove is gradually increased from a fixed end to a metering end;
the length of the metering section of the extrusion screw is 400-450mm, and the groove depth is 2.5-3mm; an inclined mixing groove with the length of 100 to 130mm is arranged on the metering section.
2. The method for preparing a cable according to claim 1, wherein: the wire diameter of the finished cable is 4.4-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the sheath layer is 0.5-1.05mm.
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Effective date of registration: 20240111 Address after: No.6, Qingli Second Road, Shuikou Street, Huicheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, 516000 Patentee after: LTK Electric Wire (Huizhou) Ltd. Patentee after: HUIZHOU LTK ELECTRONIC CABLE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SHENZHEN WOER SPECIAL CABLE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: LTK ELECTRIC WIRE (CHANGZHOU) Ltd. Address before: 516006 Desai third industrial zone, Zhongkai Avenue, Chenjiang, Huizhou, Guangdong Patentee before: LTK ELECTRIC WIRE (HUIZHOU) Ltd. Patentee before: HUIZHOU LTK ELECTRONIC CABLE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: LTK ELECTRIC WIRE (CHANGZHOU) Ltd. |