CN113773591A - Fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for subway and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for subway and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
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- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and provides a fire-resistant and damp-proof subway cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cable comprises a cable core, a waterproof layer and a flame-retardant protective sleeve which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following components in parts by weight: 130-180 parts of PVC resin, 2-9 parts of flame retardant, 35-60 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2-3 parts of coupling agent, 6-15 parts of stabilizer, 5-10 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of plasticizer and 15-21 parts of antioxidant. The flame-retardant protective sleeve can obviously improve the flame-retardant property and the mechanical property of the cable, so that the cable has excellent fireproof capacity and mechanical property, does not produce toxic gas during combustion, and has high safety. In addition, the waterproof tape and the waterproof coating are adopted for double-layer waterproof protection, so that the moisture-proof capacity of the cable can be effectively ensured, the finally prepared cable has good fireproof and moisture-proof capacities, the mechanical property is excellent, and the service life of the cable is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for a subway and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable is an electric energy or signal transmission device, and the modern society has very high demand for electric power, and the cable can not be separated at present to transmit and transmit signal information. With the high-speed and continuous development of economy in China, urban rail transit construction is also rapidly developed, and a large number of power cables are needed for the construction of subway section tunnels, subway stations, equipment installation, fire fighting and the like. The subway generally runs under the ground, is dark and wet, and is easy to influence the signal transmission of the cable due to the fact that the cable is affected by damp; and the subway operation space is relatively closed, if a fire disaster happens, a large amount of dense smoke is diffused, and the damage is large, so that the subway cable has high moisture resistance and flame retardant property. Patent application CN111653393A discloses a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, it includes a plurality of cable cores, the cable core outside has set gradually the insulating layer, the shielding layer, inoxidizing coating and flame retardant coating, the cable core sets up in separating the fire support, separate the fire support and fix on the water blocking layer, the outer cladding has the dampproof course in proper order of water blocking layer, fire-retardant layer, elasticity isolation layer and wearing layer, separate the fire support and separate each cable core in independent cavity, through the dampproof course, the setting on fire-retardant layer, the poor problem of subway cable fire prevention moisture barrier propterty has been solved. However, the patent only focuses on the fire and moisture resistance of the cable, neglecting its mechanical properties, resulting in a shorter cable life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for a subway, which has good fire-proof and moisture-proof performances and is improved in mechanical performance to a certain extent.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 130-180 parts of PVC resin, 2-9 parts of flame retardant, 35-60 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2-3 parts of coupling agent, 6-15 parts of stabilizer, 5-10 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of plasticizer and 15-21 parts of antioxidant.
Further, the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/double metal oxide composite.
Further, the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite with hydrochloric acid;
(2) preparing a mixed suspension aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide;
(3) and adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and heating to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound.
Further, the montmorillonite in the step (1) is added with 0.5 to 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for suspension, and reflux heating is carried out for 30 to 50min at the temperature of 80 to 100 ℃.
Furthermore, the material-liquid ratio of the montmorillonite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1:10-15 (m: v).
Further, after the montmorillonite is acidified in the step (1), the montmorillonite is washed for 2 to 3 times
Further, the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the magnesium hydroxide in the step (2) is 1: 2-3.
Further, the feed-liquid ratio of the total amount of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide to the water in the step (2) is 1:8-12 (m: v).
Further, the addition amount of the acidified montmorillonite in the step (3) is 3-5 times of the total amount of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide.
Further, the heating temperature in the step (3) is 90-110 ℃, and the heating time is 1-3 h.
Further, the coupling agent is selected from one or more of silane coupling agents KH570, A171, KH-A172 and A151.
Further, the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer.
Further, the filler is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, carbon black, asbestos powder, mica powder, quartz powder and carbon fiber.
Further, the filler is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1-4 calcium carbonate and carbon fibers.
Further, the plasticizer is one or two selected from diisodecyl phthalate and diisononyl cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylate.
Further, the antioxidant is selected from one or more of bisphenol A, antioxidant CA and triphenyl phosphite.
Further, the antioxidant is a mixture of bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite in a mass ratio of 0.5-2: 1.
Further, the preparation method of the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a stabilizer, a filler, a plasticizer and an antioxidant, and cooling to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a coupling agent and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
Further, the temperature in the step (1) is heated to 160-180 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to 60-80 ℃.
Further, the cable waterproof layer comprises a waterproof belt and waterproof paint, the waterproof belt is wound outside the cable core, and then the waterproof paint is sprayed.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable, which comprises the following steps:
(1) winding a waterproof layer outside the cable core, and then spraying a waterproof material;
(2) and a flame-retardant protective sleeve is extruded on the surface of the waterproof coating.
The technical effect of the invention can be realized by selecting any one or combination of commercially available waterproof coatings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the flame retardant is added into the protective sleeve on the outermost layer of the cable, so that the flame retardant property of the cable is effectively improved, the smoke generation amount is small during combustion, no harmful gas is generated, and the cable is suitable for subway and the like in relatively closed underground environment.
2. The flame retardant added into the flame-retardant protective sleeve is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, montmorillonite has larger interlayer spacing by modifying montmorillonite acid, and metal oxide can be loaded on the surface of the montmorillonite and can also penetrate into gaps of montmorillonite layers to form a multilayer three-dimensional metal hydroxide-loaded montmorillonite compound with higher flame-retardant property. In addition, in order to further improve the flame retardant property of the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, the proportion of montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide is strictly controlled, and in the research process, the montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide have good flame retardant capability, but the flame retardant effect is better if the montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are not more, and when the montmorillonite or magnesium hydroxide is excessive, the flame retardant capability of the final cable is reduced, which may be the formed montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the valence bond ratio of the compound is not appropriate due to the change of the proportion, so that the compound is stably reduced, and the flame retardant property is reduced.
3. When the flame-retardant protective sleeve of the cable is prepared, the mass ratio of the flame-retardant protective sleeve to the flame-retardant protective sleeve is 1: 1-4 parts of calcium carbonate and carbon fiber are used as filling agents, 0.5-2:1 part of bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite are used as antioxidants, and continuous tests prove that the filling agents and the antioxidants in the proportion can obviously improve the mechanical property of the cable, and the cable is more suitable for being applied to subway cables.
4. The invention adopts a double-layer waterproof measure of the waterproof tape and the waterproof coating, obviously increases the moisture-proof capacity of the cable, enables the cable to be still kept dry for a long time in a relatively humid environment underground, and avoids accidents such as short circuit, burning and the like caused by humidity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 8 parts of bisphenol A and 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1L 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g montmorillonite for suspension, heating at 90 deg.C under reflux for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 3 times, and retaining precipitate to obtain acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 250mL of water into 7g of aluminum hydroxide and 17.5g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, calcium carbonate, carbon fiber, diisodecyl phthalate, bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite to 170 ℃, reacting for 30min, and cooling to 70 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a silane coupling agent KH570 and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
The preparation method of the cable comprises the following steps:
(1) winding a waterproof layer outside the cable core, and then spraying a waterproof material;
(2) the flame-retardant protective sleeve is extruded on the surface of the waterproof coating.
Example 2
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 130 parts of PVC resin, 9 parts of flame retardant, 60 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent A171, 6 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of carbon fiber, 20 parts of cyclohexane 1, 2-diisononyl phthalate, 5 parts of bisphenol A and 10 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1.5L0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g of montmorillonite for suspension, heating at 80 ℃ under reflux for 60min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 2 times, and retaining the precipitate to obtain the acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 265mL of water into 11g of aluminum hydroxide and 22g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 90 ℃ for 3h to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, calcium carbonate, carbon fiber, cyclohexane 1, 2-diisononyl phthalate, bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite to 160 ℃, reacting for 30min, and cooling to 60 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a silane coupling agent A171 and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
The preparation method of the cable comprises the following steps:
(1) winding a waterproof layer outside the cable core, and then spraying a waterproof material;
(2) the flame-retardant protective sleeve is extruded on the surface of the waterproof coating.
Example 3
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 180 parts of PVC resin, 2 parts of flame retardant, 35 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 3 parts of silane coupling agent KH-A172, 15 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of carbon fiber, 30 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 14 parts of bisphenol A and 7 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1.2L 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g montmorillonite, suspending, refluxing and heating at 100 deg.C for 30min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 3 times, and retaining precipitate to obtain acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 240mL of water into 5g of aluminum hydroxide and 15g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 110 deg.C for 1h to obtain montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, calcium carbonate, carbon fiber, diisodecyl phthalate, bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite to 180 ℃, reacting for 30min, and cooling to 80 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a silane coupling agent KH570 and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
The preparation method of the cable comprises the following steps:
(1) winding a waterproof layer outside the cable core, and then spraying a waterproof material;
(2) the flame-retardant protective sleeve is extruded on the surface of the waterproof coating.
Example 4
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 2 parts of carbon black, 4 parts of mica powder, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 8 parts of bisphenol A and 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the specific preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PVC resin, calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, carbon black, mica powder, diisodecyl phthalate, bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite, heating to 170 ℃, reacting for 30min, and cooling to 70 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a silane coupling agent KH570 and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
The preparation method of the cable is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate and 16 parts of antioxidant CA.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the specific preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, calcium carbonate, carbon fiber, diisodecyl phthalate and an antioxidant CA to 170 ℃, reacting for 30min, and cooling to 70 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a silane coupling agent KH570 and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
The preparation method of the cable is the same as that of example 1.
Example 6
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 12 parts of bisphenol A and 4 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the specific preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the cable is the same as that of example 1.
Example 7
The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 4 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 8 parts of bisphenol A and 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is a montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound, and the specific preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protective sleeve is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the cable is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1:
when the flame retardant is prepared, the non-acidified montmorillonite is directly used, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 250mL of water into 7g of aluminum hydroxide and 17.5g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(2) montmorillonite is added into the mixed suspension, and the mixture reacts for 2 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The flame retardant used was a mixture of montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, as in example 1, with the following details:
the utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and the fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, and wherein fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 150 parts of PVC resin, 6 parts of flame retardant, 45 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 12 parts of calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 4 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 8 parts of bisphenol A and 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite.
Wherein the flame retardant is prepared by mixing 100g of montmorillonite, 7.5g of aluminum hydroxide and 17.5g of magnesium hydroxide.
Comparative example 3
In the preparation of the flame retardant, the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the magnesium hydroxide is 1:1, and the rest is the same as in example 1, specifically as follows:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1L 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g montmorillonite for suspension, heating at 90 deg.C under reflux for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 3 times, and retaining precipitate to obtain acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 250mL of water into 12.5g of aluminum hydroxide and 12.5g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
Comparative example 4
When preparing the flame retardant, the mass of the magnesium hydroxide is increased, the mass ratio of the final aluminum hydroxide to the final magnesium hydroxide is 1:4, and the rest is the same as the example 1, specifically as follows:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1L 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g montmorillonite for suspension, heating at 90 deg.C under reflux for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 3 times, and retaining precipitate to obtain acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 250mL of water into 7g of aluminum hydroxide and 28g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
Comparative example 5
When the flame retardant is prepared, the mass of montmorillonite is increased, which is 10 times of the total amount of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and the rest is the same as that of the example 1, specifically as follows:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite: adding 1L 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into 100g montmorillonite for suspension, heating at 90 deg.C under reflux for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing with clear water for 3 times, and retaining precipitate to obtain acidified montmorillonite.
(2) Adding 100mL of water into 2.8g of aluminum hydroxide and 7.1g of magnesium hydroxide, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixed suspension aqueous solution of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide;
(3) adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
Experimental example 1 mechanical properties of each cable
Mechanical property tests are carried out on the flame-retardant protective sleeves prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5, and the mechanical property tests refer to GB T2951.11-2008 section 11 of Universal test method for insulation and sheath materials for cables and optical cables: general test methods mechanical property tests for thickness and profile dimension measurements, and GBT 2406.2-2009 "determination of combustion behaviour by oxygen index method for plastics", the results are given in table 1.
In addition, the flame retardant protective sleeve was placed in an environment of 200 ℃ and the time during which the flame retardant protective sleeve was softened and deformed was observed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical properties of flame-retardant protective sleeves for different cables
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the outermost flame-retardant protective sleeve of the cable prepared in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention has good mechanical properties and flame retardant ability.
Examples 4 and 5 change the types of the filler and the antioxidant in the flame retardant protective sheath, respectively, and it can be seen that the tensile strength and the elongation at break of examples 4 and 5 are less than those of examples 1 to 3; examples 6 and 7, in which the ratio of antioxidant to filler was changed, respectively, the mechanical properties were also reduced, indicating that the present invention uses a mixture of 1: 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and carbon fiber are used as filling agents, and 0.5-2:1 parts of bisphenol A and triphenyl phosphite are used as antioxidants, so that the mechanical property of the cable can be further improved, and the cable is more suitable for being applied to subway cables.
Compared with the example 1, the oxygen index of the protective sleeve is reduced by 34.2 percent compared with the oxygen index of the protective sleeve prepared by the example 1, the stable time is kept for 130min under the environment of 200 ℃, and the time is shortened by at least 90min compared with the example 1, which shows that the acidification of the montmorillonite has great influence on the flame retardant property of the flame retardant, the acidified montmorillonite has larger interlayer spacing, the intercalation of metal oxide can be realized among the layers, and the flame retardant property of the flame retardant is obviously improved. The comparative example 2 adopts the mixture of montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide as the flame retardant, the oxygen index and the thermal stability are also obviously reduced, even lower than that of the comparative example 1, on one hand, because the diatomite is not acidified, on the other hand, because the mixture obtained by direct mixing does not form a three-dimensional interpenetration structure of montmorillonite/bimetal composite oxide, the flame retardant capability is more deficient, the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant protective sleeve of the cable is finally obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the mechanical property is possibly influenced to a certain extent due to the problem of compatibility. The comparative examples 3 to 5 respectively adjust the proportion among the montmorillonite, the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide, the flame retardant property of the protective sleeve is greatly influenced, and the more and better the components of any one of the montmorillonite, the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide are, the proper proportion is shown, so that a stable compound is formed among the montmorillonite, the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide, and the flame retardant effect of the cable protective sleeve can be better improved.
Experimental example 2 moisture resistance of Cable
The results of measuring the retention of the volume resistance retention rates of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were shown in Table 2, after 200 days under conditions of humidity 100% and temperature 60 ℃.
TABLE 2 moisture protection capabilities of different cables
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the cable prepared by the invention has good moisture resistance, the moisture resistance of the cable is obviously improved by double-layer waterproof measures of the waterproof tape and the waterproof coating, the cable can still keep dry for a long time in a humid underground environment, accidents such as short circuit and burning caused by humidity are avoided, and the cable is more suitable for being applied to subways. The greater reduction in moisture resistance of the cables of examples 4 and 5 may be due to changes in the filler or antioxidant which affect the compactness or stability of the outermost protective jacket, reducing its moisture resistance. Examples 6 and 7 also resulted in a decrease in the moisture barrier capability of the cable after varying the proportion of filler or antioxidant. Comparative examples 1-7 change the composition or proportion of the flame retardant, although the flame retardant property of the cable is mainly influenced, the change of the flame retardant also can cause the matching effect with other components, and the structure of the protective sleeve is changed to a certain extent, and finally the moisture resistance of the cable is influenced. It is thus demonstrated that the moisture-proof property of the cable according to the present invention is mainly provided by the water-proof tape and the water-proof coating, but the outermost protective jacket also has a moisture-proof property, which can assist the water-proof tape and the water-proof coating to improve the moisture-proof property of the cable.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a fire-resistant damp-proofing cable for subway, includes cable core, waterproof layer and fire-retardant protective sheath that sets gradually from inside to outside, its characterized in that, fire-retardant protective sheath includes following parts by weight component: 130-180 parts of PVC resin, 2-9 parts of flame retardant, 35-60 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2-3 parts of coupling agent, 6-15 parts of stabilizer, 5-10 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of plasticizer and 15-21 parts of antioxidant.
2. A fire and moisture resistant subway cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fire retardant is montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite.
3. The fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein said montmorillonite/bimetal oxide composite comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite with hydrochloric acid;
(2) preparing a mixed suspension aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide;
(3) and adding acidified montmorillonite into the mixed suspension, and heating to obtain the montmorillonite/bimetal oxide compound.
4. The fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide to magnesium hydroxide in said step (2) is 1: 2-3.
5. The fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in claim 3, wherein said acidified montmorillonite is added in step (3) in an amount of 3-5 times the total amount of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
6. The fire-resistant moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said coupling agent is selected from one or more of silane coupling agents KH570, A171, KH-A172, A151;
the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc PVC heat stabilizer;
the filler is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, carbon black, asbestos powder, mica powder, quartz powder and carbon fiber;
the plasticizer is selected from one or two of diisodecyl phthalate and diisononyl cyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylate;
the antioxidant is selected from one or more of bisphenol A, antioxidant CA and triphenyl phosphite.
7. The fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said cable flame-retardant protective sheath is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating PVC resin, a stabilizer, a filler, a plasticizer and an antioxidant, and cooling to obtain a mixture 1;
(2) adding ethylene propylene rubber, a coupling agent and a flame retardant into the mixture 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
(3) and adding the mixture 2 into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the cable flame-retardant protective sleeve.
8. The fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cable waterproof layer comprises a waterproof tape and a waterproof paint, the waterproof tape is wound around the cable core, and the waterproof paint is sprayed.
9. A method for preparing a fire-resistant and moisture-proof subway cable as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
(1) winding a waterproof layer outside the cable core, and then spraying a waterproof material;
(2) and a flame-retardant protective sleeve is extruded on the surface of the waterproof coating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111105828.XA CN113773591A (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for subway and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111105828.XA CN113773591A (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Fire-resistant and moisture-proof cable for subway and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113773591A true CN113773591A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116003889A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-04-25 | 趵突泉电缆集团有限公司 | Heat-resistant oil-resistant elastic cable |
-
2021
- 2021-09-22 CN CN202111105828.XA patent/CN113773591A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116003889A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-04-25 | 趵突泉电缆集团有限公司 | Heat-resistant oil-resistant elastic cable |
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