CN113770505A - Device and method for preparing micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by integration of rotary cutting and stirring - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by integration of rotary cutting and stirring Download PDFInfo
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- CN113770505A CN113770505A CN202111104630.XA CN202111104630A CN113770505A CN 113770505 A CN113770505 A CN 113770505A CN 202111104630 A CN202111104630 A CN 202111104630A CN 113770505 A CN113770505 A CN 113770505A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy through integration of rotary cutting and stirring, and belongs to the technical field of micro-nano preparation of difficultly-deformable alloy. The device includes that the base metal is fixed with supporting module subassembly, and the base metal top is equipped with the compound stirring instrument of split type rotary-cut, and the compound stirring instrument head of split type rotary-cut is equipped with circular cavity including the milling cutter main part inside the milling cutter main part, is equipped with in the circular cavity and can dismantle the stirring needle. By adopting the self-designed split rotary-cut composite stirring head tool, the full-slip system is started to dynamically recrystallize according to the crystallography characteristics of the alloy difficult to deform through a special matching processing angle during preparation, so that the crystal grains in the processing area of the alloy difficult to deform can reach the uniform micro-nano level quickly, and the comprehensive performance of the alloy difficult to deform is improved. The method greatly improves the grain refinement degree and uniformity of the alloy difficult to deform, simplifies the process flow, reduces the processing time and cost, and lays a foundation for the modification application of the alloy difficult to deform.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of micro-nano preparation of difficult-to-deform alloys, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing micro-nano difficult-to-deform alloys through integration of rotary cutting and stirring.
Background art:
a metal material having a hexagonal close-packed structure (hcp) is called an alloy which is difficult to deform, such as a titanium alloy, a magnesium alloy, and a zinc alloy, which are applied to biomedicine, because it has a small number of slip systems, is difficult to operate in the entire system, and has poor plasticity. In the aspect of biomedicine, the mechanical properties of the traditional cast alloy are difficult to meet the requirements of clinical application due to coarse grains, component segregation and the like. The superfine crystal material has excellent mechanical property and can meet the performance requirements of most clinical application materials. Among them, the ultra-fine grained titanium alloy has been confirmed to satisfy bone repair and accelerate the progress of bone repair by inducing bone tissue regeneration. The zinc alloy has excellent degradation performance, and the ultra-fine grain zinc alloy has good application prospect in soft tissue implantation instruments, but the poor mechanical property hinders the clinical application of the ultra-fine grain zinc alloy. At present, methods of Strong Plastic Deformation (SPD) and equal-diameter bending channel deformation (ECAP) are generally adopted for preparing ultrafine grained materials, the two methods are suitable for materials with excellent processability such as aluminum alloy, and the like, and are relatively difficult for materials with difficult deformation and poor ductility.
Aiming at the micro-nano preparation of the alloy difficult to deform, the Chinese patent publication No. CN101463454B and the invention name of the patent of 'a method for preparing the bulk nano/ultra-fine grain magnesium alloy by using twin deformation' carry out multi-pass and multi-shaft compression twin crystal deformation on the bulk magnesium alloy at room temperature, and control the true strain capacity and the strain rate of each pass to realize grain refinement. The one-way large deformation processing mode has a certain fine crystal effect, but because the processing direction is single and the strain is large, grains are easy to grow too fast in a certain orientation, so that anisotropy is caused, and adverse effects are generated on the performance. The Chinese patent publication No. CN102234752B, entitled "method for preparing titanium alloy micro/nano block by torsional shearing combined extrusion", combines torsional extrusion and shearing extrusion plastic forming process, and implements grain refinement by multi-pass extrusion processing. The Chinese patent publication No. CN1704485A entitled "a device suitable for preparing bulk nanocrystalline material by equal channel angular extrusion method" designs an equal channel angular extrusion device for preparing bulk nanocrystalline material, realizes temperature regulation and control, and reduces axial stress. The processing mode of twisting and angle-changing extrusion can improve the texture problem of unidirectional extrusion processing to a certain extent, but the severe shear deformation easily causes that the micro-defects generated in the deformation process of the material can not be repaired in time, thereby leading to the reduction of mechanical property.
The friction stir processing utilizes violent plastic deformation, mixing, crushing and heat exposure of materials in a processing area caused by a stirring head to realize densification, homogenization and refinement of a microstructure. Currently, FSP has made different degrees of research progress in the aspects of metal microstructure refinement, superplastic material preparation, and the like. Chinese patent publication No. CN112481533A, entitled "a biomedical magnesium alloy and its preparation method", the invention prepares magnesium alloy sheet material by smelting and homogenizing, and the sheet material is processed by multiple times of friction stir processing with 40-60% of lap joint rate, thus realizing the preparation of bulk fine crystal material. The grain orientation can be changed by the processing mode of stirring and friction processing and multidirectional force. However, the grain structure formed has the problem of uneven size, and multiple passes are required, and 4-6 passes are often used to reduce the average grain size to about 2.6 μm. The Chinese patent publication No. CN102373320A, entitled "technique for preparing high-performance micro/nano block by friction stir welding combined extrusion", is characterized in that on the basis of positive pressure applied by rotation of a stirring head, the welding seam is twisted and extruded in the welding direction to be violently formed plastically, the welding seam and the welding head are perpendicular to each other, and metal flow deformation is utilized to refine crystal grains, so that a micro-nano polycrystalline block is prepared. The method combines torsion and friction stir processing, improves the traditional friction stir processing, but still does not solve the problem that hard oriented grains are difficult to be processed into ultrafine grains with the grain size of less than 1 micron, has complicated process and is difficult to be applied in practical application and production.
In conclusion, the method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by the existing deformation processing technology improves the grain refining effect in a mode of improving the strain rate and increasing the deformation, and does not provide a solution from the aspect of the material deformation essence. The difficult deformation alloy (such as zinc, magnesium, titanium) under the casting state has the problem of poor mechanical property of the material generally because of the close-packed hexagonal lattice type and less slip system. Although the processing mode invented at the present stage can refine grains, the deformation of the grains in hard orientation is difficult to start in the plastic processing process, so that the grain size of the alloy is uneven, and the mechanical property of the material is influenced. However, the Zn-0.8Mg alloy obtained by the invention has uniform grain size, the average grain size is 600nm, and the average tensile strength can reach 487 MPa.
In order to fundamentally solve the problem of hard orientation in the deformation processing process, obtain the micro-nano alloy with uniform crystal grains and further improve the alloy performance, the invention designs a stirring-rotary cutting mixed processing method by utilizing matching steering to realize the preparation of the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform. The design is based on the crystallography characteristics (close-packed hexagonal structure) of the hard-to-deform alloy, a material reducing/processing system is modularized by utilizing a split type rotary-cut stirring tool and a stepless rotary angle tool, after single stirring friction processing, the processing angle is changed according to the crystallography characteristics of different materials, and secondary processing is carried out after rotary cutting. The design can start the full-slip system by utilizing the relation between the processing direction and the grain orientation during secondary processing, and solve the problem that hard oriented grains are difficult to deform. The uniform micro-nano alloy difficult to deform can be obtained only by two-pass processing, the efficiency is greatly improved, the energy consumption is reduced, the mechanical property of the alloy difficult to deform can be improved, and a technical foundation is laid for the clinical application of the zinc and magnesium degradable biological alloy.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a device and a method for preparing micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy through rotary cutting-stirring integrated processing, aims at solving the problems of high production cost, complex process flow, long processing period and the like in the existing micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy preparation through plastic deformation processing, takes completely degradable biological zinc-magnesium alloy as a main object, and provides a method for preparing micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy through stirring-rotary cutting integrated processing based on the crystallography characteristics of the difficultly-deformable alloy. The full-slip system is started by utilizing the matching steering processing, so that the effect of plastic deformation processing on uniformly refined crystal grains is exerted to the maximum extent, the process flow is simplified, the processing period is shortened, and the quality and the efficiency of the prepared micro-nano alloy difficult to deform are obviously improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
rotary-cut-stirring integration preparation micro-nano difficult deformation alloy device, including the fixed module subassembly that supports of using of mother metal, the mother metal top is equipped with split type rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1, wherein:
the head of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1 comprises a milling cutter main body, a circular cavity is arranged in the milling cutter main body, and a detachable stirring needle 16 is arranged in the circular cavity.
The full-automatic pressing module 17 is a magnetic remote-controllable miniature hydraulic device.
The split rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1 can simultaneously realize friction stir processing and material reduction manufacturing.
The supporting module component for fixing the base material comprises a front end supporting module 13 and a tail end supporting module 2, the tail end supporting module 2 is attached to the tail end of the front end supporting module 13, a middle section supporting module 18 and the tail end supporting module 2 are sequentially tiled and attached to the tail end supporting module, and two sides of the front end supporting module 13 comprise a fixed side top 14 and a movable side top block 10.
A base material 15 is placed above the front end support module 13, and the base material 15 is placed between the fixed side top 14 and the movable side top block 10.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano hard-deformation alloy preparation device is characterized in that guide rails 5 are arranged on two sides of the device in parallel, self-locking sliding blocks 6 are connected and arranged at two ends of the tail end supporting module 2, and the self-locking sliding blocks 6 are correspondingly arranged on the guide rails 5 at two ends of the device. The self-locking slider 6 is capable of sliding freely on the guide rail 5 in accordance with the rotation of the base material fixing support module assembly.
And a pressing strip 11 is arranged above the front end supporting module 13 and used for longitudinally fixing the base material 15.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano hard-deformation alloy preparation device is provided with a support module penetrating fixing strip 3, and the support module penetrating fixing strip 3 penetrates through a front end support module 13 and a tail end support module 2 to realize fixation of the front end support module and the tail end support module.
The bottom of the front end supporting module 13 is provided with a jack 12.
The tail end supporting module 2 is provided with a base material back fixing bolt 4 in a matching mode.
The top of the movable side top block 10 is provided with a movable side top block top bolt 9 for fixing the movable side top block 10 with the front end support module 13, and the side wall is provided with a movable side top block side wall bolt 8 for fixing the movable side top block 10 with the base material 15 and the fixed side top 14.
And a self-locking sliding block bolt 7-1 is arranged on the self-locking sliding block and used for realizing fixation of the self-locking sliding block.
And two ends of the pressing strip are provided with pressing strip bolts 7-2 for fixing the pressing strip 11.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult to deform device is arranged in an adjusting mode according to the size of a base material, when the size of the base material is larger, a middle section supporting module 18 is arranged, the middle section supporting module 18 is arranged between a front end supporting module 13 and a tail end supporting module 2, and the three are sequentially laid and attached; the pressing strips are correspondingly arranged at two or more positions, and the self-locking sliding block 6 is arranged on the tail end supporting module 2.
The method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by integration of rotary cutting and stirring adopts the device, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, clamping and fixing base material:
taking an alloy plate difficult to deform, placing the alloy plate on a micro-nano alloy device for rotary cutting and stirring integrated preparation, and transversely and longitudinally clamping and fixing a base material;
adopting split type rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1, carrying out friction stir processing along the side position of the upper surface of the difficultly-deformed alloy plate 15 at a position 2mm away from the edge of the difficultly-deformed alloy plate 15, wherein the friction stir processing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 800-3000 rpm, the processing speed is 50-300 mm/min, the pressing amount of a shaft shoulder is 0.2mm, and the first friction stir processing is completed;
(1) taking a longitudinal section vertical to the first-pass stirring friction processing direction as a rotation center, rotating the alloy plate 15 difficult to deform by 180 degrees, and fixing;
(2) lifting the alloy plate 15 difficult to deform to a position forming an angle of 43-61 degrees with the horizontal plane by using a jack 12, and fixing the angle;
step 4, switching machining tools:
retracting the full-automatic pressing module 17 to separate the full-automatic pressing module 17 from the detachable stirring pin 16, and completely extracting the detachable stirring pin 16 from the inner cavity of the milling cutter body;
and 5, reducing the material:
performing rotary cutting and material reduction on the edge angles of the side edges of the alloy plate 15 difficult to deform until a second-pass friction stir processing plane is processed; in the step 5, the material reduction process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1700-3000 rpm, and the feeding speed is 50-150 mm/min;
the detachable stirring head 16 is placed in an inner cavity of a milling cutter main body of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1, the full-automatic pressing module 17 is used for pressing and fixing, second-pass friction stir machining is conducted, the rotating speed and the machining speed of the second-pass friction stir machining are the same as those of the first-pass friction stir machining, the pressing position and the pressing depth of the shaft shoulder are based on the principle that the geometric centers of the stirring pins machined twice are coincident, second-pass friction stir machining is completed, and the micro-nano difficultly-deformed alloy is prepared.
In the step 1, the alloy difficult to deform comprises a zinc alloy, a magnesium alloy or a titanium alloy.
Step 1, the clamping and fixing process of the base material is as follows:
(1) adopt the support module to run through the fixed strip 3, fix front end support module 13 and tail end support module 2:
(2) the alloy plate 15 difficult to deform is placed on the front end supporting module 13 and is clamped and fixed by the fixed side top 14, the movable side top block side wall bolt 8, the pressing strip 11, the pressing strip bolt 7-1 and the base metal back fixing bolt 4.
In the step 3(1), the plate rotating process is as follows:
and (3) taking down the pressing strip 11, rotating the difficult-to-deform alloy plate 15 by 180 degrees by taking the mother material surface fixed by the movable side top block side wall bolt 8 as a rotation center, and fixing the difficult-to-deform alloy plate 15 on a modular support platform formed by the front end support module 13 and the tail end support module 2 by using the pressing strip bolt 7-2 and the pressing strip 11.
In the step 3(2), the self-locking slide block 6 is fixed on the guide rail 5 by the self-locking slide block bolt 7-1, so that the difficult-to-deform alloy plate 15 and the horizontal plane are kept at an included angle of 43-61 degrees.
In the step 6, compared with the micro-nano alloy which is difficult to deform before processing, the average grain size is thinned to 440-600nm from 6-35 μm, and the average tensile strength is improved by 17.5-40%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device provided by the invention combines the milling cutter main body and the detachable stirring needle through the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool, can realize stirring friction processing and material reduction manufacturing on the same equipment, simplifies the process flow, reduces the processing time, saves the processing cost, can randomly adjust the rotation angle of the base metal according to the requirement, and selectively assembles the stepless rotary-angle tool modular material reduction/processing system of the modular supporting platform according to the size of the base metal. The processing technology is different from the traditional plastic deformation mode, the stirring friction processing is adopted to carry out large plastic deformation on the material, meanwhile, the lattice matching variable-angle stirring friction processing is carried out by combining the crystallography characteristics of the alloy difficult to deform, the full-slip system is started to refine crystal grains, and the uniform micro-nano alloy difficult to deform can be obtained only by two-pass processing. The self-designed split rotary-cut composite stirring tool can realize friction stir processing and material reduction manufacturing on the same equipment. The process flow is greatly simplified, the processing time is reduced, and the processing cost is saved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a close-packed hexagonal crystal structure of a difficult-to-deform alloy processed according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary-cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult to deform preparation device of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the 45 ° rotary cutting and material reducing process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a 45 second friction stir process of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a split rotary-cut composite stirring tool-stirring friction machining state of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a detachable stirring pin pressing structure of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of a split rotary cutting composite stirring tool-rotary cutting material reducing processing state of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a clamping, fixing, rotary cutting and stirring integrated hybrid processing structure for a long plate according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a microstructure diagram of a zinc alloy obtained during processing in example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) the microstructure of the zinc alloy is in a single-pass processing region, and (b) the microstructure of the zinc alloy is in a 45 ° turn second-pass processing region; wherein:
1. a split rotary cutting composite stirring tool; 2. a tail end support module; 3. the supporting module penetrates through the fixing strip; 4. fixing a bolt at the back of the base material; 5. a guide rail; 6. a self-locking slide block; 7-1, self-locking sliding block bolts; 7-2, pressing a bolt; 8. a movable side top block side wall bolt; 9. a movable side top block top bolt; 10. a movable side top block; 11. layering; 12. a jack; 13. a front end support module; 14. fixing the side top; 15. a base material; 16 a detachable stirring pin; 17. a full-automatic compression module; 18. the middle section supports the module.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The close-packed hexagonal crystal structure of the alloy difficult to deform processed in the following examples is schematically shown in FIG. 1; adopt rotary-cut-stirring integration preparation micro-nano difficult alloy device that warp, the schematic structure is shown in fig. 2, including the fixed module subassembly that supports of using of parent metal, parent metal top is equipped with split type rotary-cut composite stirring instrument 1, wherein:
the head of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1 comprises a milling cutter main body, a circular cavity is arranged in the milling cutter main body, a detachable stirring pin 16 is arranged in the circular cavity, the structural schematic diagram of the friction stir processing state of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool is shown in fig. 5, and the structural schematic diagram of the detachable stirring pin is shown in fig. 6; the schematic structural view of rotary cutting and material reducing processing states is shown in fig. 7;
The full-automatic pressing module 17 is a magnetic remote-controllable miniature hydraulic device.
The split rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1 can simultaneously realize friction stir processing and material reduction manufacturing.
The supporting module component for fixing the base material comprises a front end supporting module 13 and a tail end supporting module 2, the tail end supporting module 2 is attached to the tail end of the front end supporting module 13, a middle section supporting module 18 and the tail end supporting module 2 are sequentially tiled and attached to the tail end supporting module, and two sides of the front end supporting module 13 comprise a fixed side top 14 and a movable side top block 10.
A base material 15 is placed above the front end support module 13, and the base material 15 is placed between the fixed side top 14 and the movable side top block 10.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano hard-deformation alloy preparation device is characterized in that guide rails 5 are arranged on two sides of the device in parallel, self-locking sliding blocks 6 are connected and arranged at two ends of the tail end supporting module 2, and the self-locking sliding blocks 6 are correspondingly arranged on the guide rails 5 at two ends of the device. The self-locking slider 6 is capable of sliding freely on the guide rail 5 in accordance with the rotation of the base material fixing support module assembly.
And a pressing strip 11 is arranged above the front end supporting module 13 and used for longitudinally fixing the base material 15.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano hard-deformation alloy preparation device is provided with a support module penetrating fixing strip 3, and the support module penetrating fixing strip 3 penetrates through a front end support module 13 and a tail end support module 2 to realize fixation of the front end support module and the tail end support module.
The bottom of the front end supporting module 13 is provided with a jack 12.
The tail end supporting module 2 is provided with a base material back fixing bolt 4 in a matching mode.
The top of the movable side top block 10 is provided with a movable side top block top bolt 9 for fixing the movable side top block 10 with the front end support module 13, and the side wall is provided with a movable side top block side wall bolt 8 for fixing the movable side top block 10 with the base material 15 and the fixed side top 14.
And a self-locking sliding block bolt 7-1 is arranged on the self-locking sliding block and used for realizing fixation of the self-locking sliding block.
And two ends of the pressing strip are provided with pressing strip bolts 7-2 for fixing the pressing strip 11.
The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult to deform device is arranged in an adjusting mode according to the size of a base material, when the size of the base material is larger, a middle section supporting module 18 is arranged, the middle section supporting module 18 is arranged between a front end supporting module 13 and a tail end supporting module 2, and the three are sequentially laid and attached; the pressing strips are correspondingly arranged at two or more positions, and the self-locking sliding block 6 is arranged on the tail end supporting module 2.
Example 1
The specific implementation process of the invention relates to clamping and fixing of a zinc-magnesium alloy plate, first-pass friction stir processing, lattice matching variable-angle plate rotation, processing tool switching, material reduction processing and lattice matching variable-angle second-pass friction stir processing. The modularized material reducing/processing system of the stepless spiral angle tool can be flexibly adjusted according to the size characteristics of a base material to be processed. The stirring pin of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool can be replaced according to the base metal thickness and the production requirement, and the stirring pins with different lengths can be matched under the condition that the diameters of the stirring pins are the same.
The method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by integration of rotary cutting and stirring adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping and fixing base materials:
a Zn-0.8Mg alloy plate blank with the size of 100 multiplied by 50 multiplied by 20mm is taken, and the average grain size of the plate blank is 6.2 mu m and the average tensile strength is 353MPa through detection. On the basis of the structural connection mode of the rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano hard-deformation alloy preparation device shown in fig. 2, transverse and longitudinal clamping and fixing of a base material are carried out, specifically:
(1) adopt the support module to run through the fixed strip 3, fix front end support module 13 and tail end support module 2:
(2) a Zn-0.8Mg alloy plate blank 15 is placed on a front end supporting module 13 and is clamped and fixed by a fixed side top 14, a movable side top block side wall bolt 8, a pressing strip 11, a pressing strip bolt 7-1 and a base metal back fixing bolt 4.
Step two, first-time friction stir processing:
adopting a split type rotary-cut composite stirring tool 1, and carrying out stirring friction processing along the side edge position of the upper surface of a Zn-0.8Mg alloy plate at a distance of 2mm from the 15 edge of the plate, wherein the processing technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 800-3000 rpm, the processing speed is 50-300 mm/min, and the pressing amount of the shaft shoulder is 0.2mm, so that the first friction stir processing is completed;
step three, rotating the lattice matching variable-angle plate:
(1) taking down the pressing strip 11, rotating the plate 15 by 180 degrees by taking the mother material surface fixed by the movable side top block side wall bolt 8 as a rotation center, and fixing the plate 15 on a modular support platform consisting of the front end support module 13 and the tail end support module 2 by using the pressing strip bolt 7-2 and the pressing strip 11;
(2) lifting the plate 15 to a position forming an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane by using a jack 12, and fixing a self-locking slide block 6 on a guide rail 5 by using a self-locking slide block bolt 7-1 so as to keep the zinc-magnesium alloy plate at an included angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane;
step four, switching the machining tools:
retracting the full-automatic pressing module 17 to separate the full-automatic pressing module 17 from the detachable stirring pin 16, and completely extracting the detachable stirring pin 16 from the inner cavity of the milling cutter body;
step five, material reduction:
the schematic drawing of the 45-degree rotary cutting and material reducing processing is shown in figure 3, and the material reducing process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1700-3000 rpm, and the feeding speed is 50-150 mm/min; performing rotary cutting and material reduction on the edge angles of the side edges of the plate until a second-pass friction stir processing plane is processed;
step six, carrying out lattice matching angle change for the second pass of friction stir processing:
a schematic diagram of 45-degree second friction stir processing is shown in fig. 4, the detachable stirring head 16 is placed in an inner cavity of a milling cutter body of the split rotary cutting composite stirring tool 1, and is pressed and fixed by a full-automatic pressing module 17 to perform second-pass friction stir processing, and technological parameters of the second-pass friction stir processing are the same as those of the first-pass friction stir processing. The pressing position and the depth of the shaft shoulder are based on the principle that the geometric centers of the stirring needles processed twice are coincident, second-pass friction stir processing is completed, and the micro-nano Zn-0.8Mg alloy which is difficult to deform is prepared, wherein a microstructure diagram of the zinc alloy is shown in fig. 9, wherein (a) is a zinc alloy structure of a single-pass processing area, and (b) is a zinc alloy structure which is turned to the second-pass processing area by 45 degrees; the detection shows that the average grain size is 600nm, the average tensile strength is 487MPa, and the average grain size is improved by 40% compared with that before processing.
Example 2
The device and the method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform through integration of rotary cutting and stirring are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are different in that in the step one, the plate to be processed is a titanium alloy plate, the type of the titanium alloy plate is TA5 titanium alloy, the average grain size is 35 microns, and the average tensile strength is 726 MPa; in the second step, the plate 15 is lifted to a position forming an angle of 61 degrees with the horizontal plane by the jack 12. And fixing the self-locking slide block 6 on the guide rail 5 by using a self-locking slide block bolt 7-1 so that the titanium alloy plate forms an included angle of 61 degrees with the horizontal plane. The micro-nano alloy difficult to deform is prepared, and the detection shows that the average grain size of the alloy is 440nm, the average tensile strength is 853MPa, and the improvement is 17.5% compared with that before processing.
Example 3
The device and the method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform through integration of rotary cutting and stirring are the same as those in example 2, except that the plate to be processed is a magnesium alloy plate, the model of the magnesium alloy plate is Mg-10Gd-6Y-0.4Zr, the average grain size is 17 microns, and the average tensile strength is 509 MPa.
The plate 15 is lifted to a position which forms an angle of 43 degrees with the horizontal plane by a jack 12 to prepare the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform, and the average grain size of the alloy is 530nm and the average tensile strength is 613MPa through detection, which is improved by 20.4 percent compared with that before processing.
Example 4
The device and the method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform through integration of rotary cutting and stirring are the same as those in example 1, except that in the step one, the zinc-magnesium alloy plate is 100 multiplied by 20 mm. A rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy device difficult to deform is adopted, a middle section supporting module is added in the device compared with the device in the embodiment 1, and a schematic diagram of a clamping, fixing, rotary cutting-stirring integrated mixed processing structure is shown in figure 8. The front end supporting module 13, the middle section supporting module 18 and the tail end supporting module 2 are assembled and fixed by adopting the supporting module to penetrate through the fixing strip 3.
The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, which may be modified and varied by one skilled in the art in various process parameters and rotation angles. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Rotary-cut-stirring integration preparation micro-nano difficult deformation alloy device, its characterized in that, including the fixed module subassembly that supports of using of mother metal, is equipped with split type rotary-cut compound stirring instrument above the mother metal, wherein:
the head of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool comprises a milling cutter main body, wherein a circular cavity is arranged in the milling cutter main body, and a detachable stirring needle is arranged in the circular cavity.
2. The rotary cutting-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy device difficult to deform according to claim 1, wherein the detachable stirring pin is made of metal, a full-automatic pressing module is arranged in the inner cavity of the milling cutter body corresponding to the position of the detachable stirring pin, and the detachable stirring pin is magnetically attracted, pressed and fixed; the full-automatic pressing module is a magnetic remote-control miniature hydraulic device.
3. The rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult to deform device according to claim 1, wherein the base material fixing support module assembly comprises a front end support module and a tail end support module, the tail end support module is arranged at the tail end of the front end support module in a joint manner, the middle section support module and the tail end support module are arranged in a joint manner in a tiled manner in sequence, and two sides of the front end support module comprise a fixed side top and a movable side top block.
4. The rotary-cut and stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult-to-deform preparation device according to claim 3, wherein guide rails are arranged in parallel on two sides of the rotary-cut and stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult-to-deform preparation device, self-locking sliders are connected to two ends of the tail end support module, and the self-locking sliders are correspondingly arranged on the guide rails on two ends of the device; the self-locking sliding block can freely slide on the guide rail along with the rotation of the support module component for fixing the base material; and a pressing strip is arranged above the front end supporting module and used for realizing the longitudinal fixation of the base metal.
5. The rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy preparation device according to claim 3, wherein the rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy preparation device is provided with a support module penetrating through a fixing strip, and the support module penetrating through the fixing strip penetrates through the front end support module and the tail end support module and is used for fixing the front end support module and the tail end support module; the bottom of the front end supporting module is provided with a jack, and the tail end supporting module is provided with a base material back fixing bolt in a matching manner.
6. The rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano alloy difficult to deform device according to claim 1, wherein the top of the movable side top block is provided with a movable side top block top bolt for fixing the movable side top block with the front end support module, and the side wall of the movable side top block is provided with a movable side top block side wall bolt for fixing the movable side top block with the base material and the fixed side top; the self-locking sliding block is provided with a self-locking sliding block bolt for realizing the fixation of the self-locking sliding block; and pressing strip bolts are arranged at two ends of the pressing strip and used for fixing the pressing strip.
7. The rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy preparation device according to claim 3, wherein the rotary-cut-stirring integrated micro-nano difficultly-deformable alloy preparation device is arranged adjustably according to the size of a parent metal, a middle section supporting module is arranged for the large-size parent metal, the middle section supporting module is arranged between the front end supporting module and the tail end supporting module, and the three are sequentially laid and attached; the layering corresponds and sets up two and more, and the auto-lock slider sets up on tail end support module.
8. The method for preparing the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform by integration of rotary cutting and stirring is characterized by being carried out by adopting the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, clamping and fixing base material:
taking an alloy plate difficult to deform, placing the alloy plate on a micro-nano alloy device for rotary cutting and stirring integrated preparation, and transversely and longitudinally clamping and fixing a base material;
step 2, first friction stir processing:
adopt split type rotary-cut composite stirring instrument, at distance difficult deformation alloy plate edge 2mm department, carry out friction stir processing along difficult deformation alloy plate upper surface side position, friction stir processing technology parameter be: the rotating speed is 800-3000 rpm, the processing speed is 50-300 mm/min, the pressing amount of a shaft shoulder is 0.2mm, and the first friction stir processing is completed;
step 3, rotating the lattice matching variable-angle plate:
(1) taking a longitudinal section vertical to the first-pass stirring friction processing direction as a rotation center, rotating the longitudinal section by 180 degrees and fixing the alloy plate;
(2) lifting the alloy plate difficult to deform to a position forming an angle of 43-61 degrees with the horizontal plane, and fixing the angle;
step 4, switching machining tools:
retracting the full-automatic pressing module to separate the full-automatic pressing module from the detachable stirring pin, and completely drawing out the detachable stirring pin from the inner cavity of the milling cutter main body;
and 5, reducing the material:
performing rotary cutting and material reduction on the edge angles of the side edges of the alloy plate difficult to deform until a second-pass friction stir processing plane is processed; in the step 5, the material reduction process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 1700-3000 rpm, and the feeding speed is 50-150 mm/min;
step 6, carrying out lattice matching angle change for the second pass of friction stir processing:
and putting the detachable stirring head into an inner cavity of a milling cutter main body of the split rotary-cut composite stirring tool, compressing and fixing the detachable stirring head by using a full-automatic compression module, and performing second-pass friction stir processing, wherein the rotation speed and the processing speed of the second-pass friction stir processing are the same as those of the first-pass friction stir processing, and the pressing position and the pressing depth of the shaft shoulder are based on the principle of ensuring the geometrical center of the stirring needle to be coincided twice, so that the second-pass friction stir processing is completed, and the micro-nano hard-deformation alloy is prepared.
9. The rotary-cutting-stirring integrated method for preparing micro-nano hard-to-deform alloy according to claim 8, wherein in the step 1, the hard-to-deform alloy comprises zinc alloy, magnesium alloy or titanium alloy.
10. The rotary-cut-stirring integrated method for preparing micro-nano alloy difficult to deform as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step 6, compared with the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform before processing, the average grain size of the micro-nano alloy difficult to deform is refined from 6-35 μm to 440-600nm, and the average tensile strength is improved by 17.5-40%.
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