CN113765643B - Channel estimation method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a channel estimation method and a system, which relate to the technical field of wireless communication and are used for solving the problem of overlong time when channel estimation is carried out on a 5G system. The channel estimation method firstly acquires a received signal and a second channel response according to signal transmission configuration. And then, according to a dimension reduction criterion, the dimension reduction is carried out on the received signal and the second channel response, then a channel estimation model is utilized to obtain a third channel response based on a third dimension, and finally, the third channel response is converted into a first channel response based on a first dimension. The method provided by the invention can rapidly and accurately calculate the first channel response corresponding to the received signal by utilizing the dimension reduction criterion, obviously improve the channel estimation speed of the 5G system, reduce the time delay of signal processing and achieve the purpose of rapidly carrying out channel estimation and signal processing. The channel estimation method and the system provided by the invention are used for carrying out quick and accurate channel estimation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel estimation method and system.
Background
In the existing mobile communication system, the base station and the communication terminal generally perform channel estimation by means of minimum mean square error (Minimum Mean Squared Error, MMSE), and the method generally performs preliminary estimation through demodulation reference signals, and then performs MMSE estimation based on the preliminary estimation result to obtain channel frequency domain response. However, the bandwidth of the 5G system is larger, so that the number of antennas on the two sides of the transceiver is larger, which results in the problem that the complexity of the MMSE estimation method is higher and the time for channel estimation is longer.
Based on this, a channel estimation method and system capable of improving the channel estimation speed of the 5G system are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a channel estimation method and a system, which are used for improving the channel estimation speed of a 5G system and reducing the time delay of signal processing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method of channel estimation, the method comprising:
according to the signal transmission configuration, acquiring a received signal, and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the received signal and the second channel response, the received signal after dimension reduction and the second channel response after dimension reduction are obtained, and a third dimension is determined;
obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
the third channel response is converted into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion.
Compared with the prior art, in the channel estimation method provided by the invention, the received signal and the second channel response are acquired according to the signal transmission configuration. And then, according to the dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the received signal and the second channel response, the received signal after dimension reduction and the second channel response after dimension reduction are obtained, and a third dimension is determined. And obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the received signal after dimension reduction and the second channel response after dimension reduction. And finally, converting the third channel response into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion. The method provided by the invention can rapidly and accurately calculate the first channel response corresponding to the received signal by utilizing the dimension reduction criterion, obviously improve the channel estimation speed of the 5G system, reduce the time delay of signal processing and achieve the purpose of rapidly carrying out channel estimation and signal processing.
The invention also provides a channel estimation system, which comprises:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a received signal according to the signal transmission configuration and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
the dimension reduction module is used for reducing the dimension of the received signal and the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion to obtain a dimension reduced received signal and a dimension reduced second channel response, and determining a third dimension;
the estimation module is used for obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by utilizing a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
and the conversion module is used for converting the third channel response into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the channel estimation system provided by the invention are the same as those of the channel estimation method described in the technical scheme, and the description is omitted here.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a channel estimation method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a dimension reduction method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the training method of the initial CNN-LSTM model according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the channel estimation method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a system block diagram of a channel estimation system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a base station; 2-a communication terminal; 3-uplink; 4-downlink; 11-an antenna module; 12-a radio frequency transceiver module; 13-a processing module; 14-a channel estimation module; 15-a memory module.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely for distinguishing between different thresholds, and are not limited in order. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.
In the present invention, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
Example 1:
the present embodiment is used to provide a channel estimation method, as shown in fig. 1, where the method includes:
s1: according to the signal transmission configuration, acquiring a received signal, and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
specifically, the signal transmission configuration includes the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, the number of first time domain OFDM symbols of the received signal, the number of first frequency domain subcarriers of the received signal, the resource allocation type, the number of second time domain OFDM symbols of the demodulation reference signal, the number of second frequency domain subcarriers of the demodulation reference signal, the port number of the demodulation reference signal, and the port number of the demodulation reference signal, so that the required information can be quickly obtained according to the signal transmission configuration.
The first channel response is frequency domain channel response in time-frequency resource occupied by the received signal, which is unknown quantity, and the purpose of channel estimation is to determine the first channel response, but the first dimension of the first channel response is known quantity. Preferably, the first dimension includes the number N of transmit antennas T Number N of receiving antennas R Number of OFDM symbols in first time domain N symb And a first frequency domain subcarrier number N RE And further, the first channel response can be better displayed based on the first dimension. Based on the first dimension, the first channel response may be expressed asThe receiving dimension of the received signal comprises the number N of the receiving antennas R Number of OFDM symbols in first time domain N symb And a first frequency domain subcarrier number N RE Based on the receive dimension, the received signal may be represented as Y (N R ，N symb ，N RE )。
S2: acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
specifically, a demodulation reference signal is acquired according to a signal transmission configuration. And then according to the demodulation reference signal and the transmission signal, obtaining a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal, wherein the second channel response can be the ratio of the demodulation reference signal to the transmission signal, and the second channel response is the frequency domain channel response on all port numbers in the time-frequency resource occupied by the demodulation reference signal, so that the second channel response can be obtained by simple and quick calculation according to the signal transmission configuration. Second channel response of the first channelThe two-dimension includes the number N of transmitting antennas T Number N of receiving antennas R Second time-domain OFDM symbol numberAnd the second frequency domain subcarrier number +.>Based on the second dimension, the second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal can be expressed as
S3: according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the received signal and the second channel response, the received signal after dimension reduction and the second channel response after dimension reduction are obtained, and a third dimension is determined;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, S3 may include:
s31: according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the receiving dimension of the received signal and the second dimension of the second channel response, and the dimension reduced receiving dimension and the dimension reduced second dimension are obtained;
the dimension reduction criterion comprises a space domain dimension reduction function, a time domain dimension reduction function and a frequency domain dimension reduction function, and the dimension of the data is reduced by using the dimension reduction criterion. The space domain dimension reduction function is a function between space domain correlation and the number of antennas, the time domain dimension reduction function is a function between time domain OFDM inter-symbol correlation and the number of time domain OFDM symbols, and the frequency domain dimension reduction function is a function between frequency domain sub-carrier correlation and the number of frequency domain sub-carriers, so that dimension reduction can be carried out on data from multiple angles, and the calculated amount and the calculated complexity are reduced.
Based on the above dimension reduction criteria, S31 may include:
the number of the transmitting antennas and the number of the receiving antennas are reduced by using a space domain dimension reduction function, so that the number of the transmitting antennas and the number of the receiving antennas after dimension reduction are obtained;
respectively carrying out dimension reduction on the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols by using a time domain dimension reduction function to obtain the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction;
and respectively carrying out dimension reduction on the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers by using a frequency domain dimension reduction function to obtain the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction.
The number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the OFDM symbols of the first time domain after the dimension reduction and the number of the subcarriers of the first frequency domain after the dimension reduction form a receiving dimension after the dimension reduction, and the number of the transmitting antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the OFDM symbols of the second time domain after the dimension reduction and the number of the subcarriers of the second frequency domain after the dimension reduction form a second dimension after the dimension reduction. The method provided by the embodiment can fully mine the correlation among the space domain, the time domain and the frequency domain of the signal, reduce the dimension of the data input into the channel estimation model, and remarkably improve the channel estimation speed of the 5G system.
Further, the space domain dimension-reducing function G S () Is related to spatial correlation beta S And the number of antennas. Specifically, when the space domain dimension-reducing function is used for determining the number N of the transmitting antennas T When the dimension is reduced, beta S Expressed as the correlation between the transmitting antennas, takes on the values of [0,1]N is obtained through a space domain dimension reduction function T The dimension of each transmitting antenna is reduced to G S (β S ，N T ) The number of the transmitting antennas is 1 to or less than G S (β S ，N T )≤N T . When the space domain dimension-reducing function is utilized to reduce the number N of the receiving antennas R When the dimension is reduced, beta S Expressed as the correlation between the receiving antennas, takes on a value of [0,1]N is obtained through a space domain dimension reduction function R The dimension of each receiving antenna is reduced to G S (β S ，N R ) The number of the receiving antennas is 1 to or less than G S (β S ，N R )≤N R . The spatial dimension reduction function can be expressed as:
in the formula (1), N 1 The number of antennas. When usingSpace domain dimension-reducing function is used for reducing the number N of transmitting antennas T N when dimension reduction is performed 1 ＝N T . When the space domain dimension-reducing function is utilized to reduce the number N of the receiving antennas R N when dimension reduction is performed 1 ＝N R 。
Time domain dimension reduction function G T () Related to time domain OFDM inter-symbol correlation beta T And a function of the number of time domain OFDM symbols. Specifically, when the first time domain OFDM symbol number N is compared with the time domain dimension reduction function symb When the dimension is reduced, beta T For the number of symbols with the correlation degree exceeding 0.9 between the continuous OFDM symbols in the first time domain, beta T Not less than 1, N is enabled to be equal to or greater than 1 through a time domain dimension reduction function symb Dimension reduction of each symbol to G T (β T ，N symb ) Each symbol is 1 to or less than G T (β T ，N symb )≤N symb . When the second time domain OFDM symbol number is compared with the time domain dimension reduction functionWhen the dimension is reduced, beta T For the number of symbols with the correlation degree exceeding 0.9 between the second time domain continuous OFDM symbols, beta T Not less than 1, by means of a time-domain dimension-reducing function>The dimension of each symbol is reduced to->Symbol->Time domain dimension reduction function G T () Can be expressed as:
in the formula (2), N 2 The number of the OFDM symbols in the time domain;symbols for upward valueNumber (x). When the first time domain OFDM symbol number N is compared with the time domain dimension reduction function symb N when dimension reduction is performed 2 ＝N symb . When using the time domain dimension reduction function for the second time domain OFDM symbol number +.>During the time of reducing the blood-level, the patient is treated with->
Frequency domain dimension reduction function G F () Related to correlation beta between frequency domain sub-carriers F And the number of frequency domain subcarriers. Specifically, when the frequency domain dimension-reduction function is utilized to reduce the number N of the first frequency domain sub-carriers RE When the dimension is reduced, beta F For the number of subcarriers with the correlation degree exceeding 0.9 between the continuous subcarriers of the first frequency domain, beta F Not less than 1, N is enabled to be equal to or greater than 1 through a frequency domain dimension reduction function RE The subcarrier reduces the dimension to G F (β F ，N RE ) Sub-carrier, 1 is less than or equal to G F (β F ，N RE )≤N RE . When the frequency domain dimension-reducing function is utilized to count the second frequency domain sub-carriersWhen the dimension is reduced, beta F For the number of subcarriers with the correlation degree exceeding 0.9 between the continuous subcarriers of the second frequency domain, beta F Not less than 1, by means of a frequency domain dimension-reducing function>The subcarrier reduces the dimension to +.>Subcarrier, & gt>Frequency domain dimension reduction function G F () Can be expressed as:
in the formula (3), N 3 The number of frequency domain subcarriers;is a sign of an upward value. When the frequency domain dimension-reducing function is utilized to reduce the number N of the first frequency domain sub-carriers RE N when dimension reduction is performed 3 ＝N RE . When the frequency domain dimension-reducing function is utilized to count the second frequency domain sub-carriersDuring the time of reducing the blood-level, the patient is treated with->
S32: and determining a third dimension according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension, and carrying out dimension reduction on the received signal and the second channel response according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension to obtain a post-dimension reduction received signal and a post-dimension reduction second channel response.
The third dimension comprises the number G of the transmitting antennas after dimension reduction S (β S ，N T ) Number G of receiving antennas after dimension reduction S (β S ，N R ) Number G of OFDM symbols in first time domain after dimension reduction T (β T ，N symb ) And the number G of the subcarriers of the first frequency domain after the dimension reduction F (β F ，N RE ) Further, a third dimension after dimension reduction can be obtained, subsequent calculation is performed according to the third dimension, and the channel estimation speed can be remarkably improved.
Based on the post-dimensionality reduction received dimensions, the post-dimensionality reduction received signals may be represented asG T (β T ，N symb )，G F (β F ，N RE ))。
Based on the second dimension after dimension reduction, the second channel response after dimension reduction can be expressed asG S (β S ，N R )，/>
S4: obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
the channel estimation model may employ a CNN-LSTM model, and based on a third dimension, the resulting third channel response may be expressed as:
before S4, the channel estimation method of the embodiment further includes training the initial CNN-LSTM model by using a plurality of sets of history samples to obtain a channel estimation model, where the history samples include a received signal after the history dimension reduction, a second channel response after the history dimension reduction, a first dimension, a third dimension and a third channel response, so that the third channel response can be quickly and accurately calculated by using the channel estimation model.
As shown in fig. 3, the training method used in training the initial CNN-LSTM model may include:
1) Initializing a CNN-LSTM network, wherein the CNN-LSTM network comprises initializing the states of all gates and feeding back weights;
2) And judging whether the iteration is ended or not. If not, entering step 3); if so, entering step 7);
3) Calculating the values of an input door, a forgetting door and an input door;
4) Calculating a predicted third channel response;
5) And judging whether the utility function value exceeds a threshold according to the third channel response. If not, entering step 6); if yes, go to step 7);
6) Updating the feedback weight, and returning to the step 2);
7) And (5) ending the iteration and outputting a channel estimation model.
S5: the third channel response is converted into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion.
The embodiment provides a channel estimation method based on CNN-LSTM (convolutional neural network-long-short-term memory network), which fully exploits the correlation of the space domain, the frequency domain and the time domain of signals, reduces the dimension of data input into a channel estimation model, can accurately predict the frequency domain response coefficient of a channel, and achieves the purposes of rapidly carrying out channel estimation and signal processing.
The application scenario of the method provided in this embodiment is described herein: the method of the present embodiment can be applied to a wireless communication network including a base station and a communication terminal, and the base station and the communication terminal are communicatively connected. In the signal transmission process between the base station and the communication terminal, the signal receiving node is used as the signal receiving node to perform the channel estimation method described in the present embodiment. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the wireless communication network is an OFDM/OFDMA based system, and includes a base station 1 and a communication terminal 2. Data transmission between the base station 1 and the communication terminal 2 is performed through the uplink 3 and the downlink 4. In the signal transmission process, the party receiving the signal performs the channel estimation method as a signal receiving node, which may be the base station 1 or the communication terminal 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of the base station 1 is given. The base station 1 comprises an antenna module 11 for receiving and transmitting signals. The antenna module 11 is connected to a radio frequency transceiver module 12, and the radio frequency transceiver module 12 is connected to a processing module 13. The radio frequency transceiver module 12 is configured to obtain a signal from the antenna module 11, convert the signal into a baseband signal, and transmit the baseband signal to the processing module 13; or the radio frequency transceiver module 12 converts the baseband signal from the processing module 13 into a radio frequency signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna module 11. The processing module 13 is used for executing program instructions. The base station 1 further comprises a channel estimation module 14, the channel estimation module 14 being connected to the processing module 13, the channel estimation module 14 being adapted to perform the channel estimation method described above. The base station 1 may further comprise a memory module 15, the memory module 15 being connected to the processing module 13, the memory module 15 being adapted to store data.
The configuration of the communication terminal 2 is exactly the same as that of the base station 1, and channel estimation can be performed on the signal received by the communication terminal 2. Specifically, the communication terminal 2 includes an antenna module for receiving and transmitting signals. The antenna module is connected with a radio frequency transceiver module, and the radio frequency transceiver module is connected with a processing module. The radio frequency transceiver module is used for acquiring signals from the antenna module, converting the signals into baseband signals and transmitting the baseband signals to the processing module; or the radio frequency receiving and transmitting module converts the baseband signal from the processing module into a radio frequency signal and transmits the radio frequency signal through the antenna module. The processing module is used for executing program instructions. The communication terminal 2 further comprises a channel estimation module, which is connected to the processing module and is configured to perform the above-mentioned channel estimation method. The communication terminal 2 may further comprise a memory module, which is connected to the processing module, the memory module being adapted to store data.
Example 2:
the present embodiment may perform division of functional modules according to the above-described method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated in one processing module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the division of the modules is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in actual implementation.
Fig. 6 shows a system block diagram of a channel estimation system provided in the present embodiment in the case where respective functional blocks are divided with corresponding respective functions. As shown in fig. 6, the system includes:
the first acquisition module M1 is used for acquiring a received signal according to a signal transmission configuration and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
specifically, the signal transmission configuration includes the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, the number of first time domain OFDM symbols of the received signal, the number of first frequency domain subcarriers of the received signal, the resource allocation type, the number of second time domain OFDM symbols of the demodulation reference signal, the number of second frequency domain subcarriers of the demodulation reference signal, the port number of the demodulation reference signal, and the port number of the demodulation reference signal;
a second obtaining module M2, configured to obtain a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
the dimension reduction module M3 is used for reducing the dimension of the received signal and the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion to obtain a dimension reduced received signal and a dimension reduced second channel response, and determining a third dimension;
the estimation module M4 is configured to obtain a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal, and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
and the conversion module M5 is configured to convert the third channel response into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion.
All relevant contents of each step related to the above method embodiment may be cited to the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, which are not described herein.
The embodiment provides a channel estimation system based on CNN-LSTM aiming at the channel estimation of a 5G communication system, and improves the signal processing speed.
Although the invention is described herein in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
Although the invention has been described in connection with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present invention as defined in the appended claims and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method of channel estimation, the method comprising:
according to the signal transmission configuration, acquiring a received signal, and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the received signal and the second channel response, the received signal after dimension reduction and the second channel response after dimension reduction are obtained, and a third dimension is determined;
obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
converting the third channel response into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension and the dimension reduction criterion;
the step of performing dimension reduction on the received signal and the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion to obtain a dimension reduced received signal and a dimension reduced second channel response, and the step of determining a third dimension specifically includes:
according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the receiving dimension of the received signal and the second dimension of the second channel response, and the dimension reduced receiving dimension and the dimension reduced second dimension are obtained; the receiving dimension comprises the number of receiving antennas, the number of OFDM symbols in a first time domain of a received signal and the number of subcarriers in the first frequency domain of the received signal; the second dimension comprises the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, the number of second time domain OFDM symbols of demodulation reference signals and the number of second frequency domain subcarriers of demodulation reference signals;
determining a third dimension according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension, and reducing the dimension of the received signal and the second channel response according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension to obtain a post-dimension reduction received signal and a post-dimension reduction second channel response;
the dimension reduction criterion comprises a space domain dimension reduction function, a time domain dimension reduction function and a frequency domain dimension reduction function; the airspace dimension reduction function is a function between airspace correlation and the number of antennas; the time domain dimension reduction function is a function between the correlation between time domain OFDM symbols and the number of the time domain OFDM symbols; the frequency domain dimension reduction function is a function between the correlation among frequency domain subcarriers and the number of the frequency domain subcarriers;
the step of performing dimension reduction on the receiving dimension of the received signal and the second dimension of the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion, and the step of obtaining the dimension reduced receiving dimension and the dimension reduced second dimension specifically comprises the following steps:
the space domain dimension reduction function is utilized to respectively reduce the number of the transmitting antennas and the number of the receiving antennas, and the number of the transmitting antennas after dimension reduction and the number of the receiving antennas after dimension reduction are obtained;
respectively carrying out dimension reduction on the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols by using the time domain dimension reduction function to obtain the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction;
the frequency domain dimension reduction function is utilized to respectively reduce the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers, so as to obtain the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction; the number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the OFDM symbols of the first time domain after the dimension reduction and the number of the subcarriers of the first frequency domain after the dimension reduction form a receiving dimension after the dimension reduction; the number of the transmission antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols after the dimension reduction and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers after the dimension reduction form a second dimension after the dimension reduction;
the channel estimation model is a CNN-LSTM model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first dimension comprises a number of transmit antennas, a number of receive antennas, a first time domain OFDM symbol number of a received signal, and a first frequency domain subcarrier number of a received signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining, according to the signaling configuration, a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal specifically includes:
according to the signal transmission configuration, obtaining a demodulation reference signal;
acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the demodulation reference signal and the transmission signal; the second channel response is the frequency domain channel response on all port numbers in the time-frequency resource occupied by the demodulation reference signal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the third dimension comprises the number of post-dimension-reduction transmit antennas, the number of post-dimension-reduction receive antennas, the number of post-dimension-reduction first time domain OFDM symbols, and the number of post-dimension-reduction first frequency domain subcarriers.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
before obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by using a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response, training an initial CNN-LSTM model by using a plurality of groups of historical samples to obtain the channel estimation model; the historical samples comprise a received signal after historical dimension reduction, a second channel response after historical dimension reduction, a first dimension, a third dimension and a third channel response.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein training the initial CNN-LSTM model using the plurality of sets of historical samples comprises:
initializing an initial CNN-LSTM model, and initializing the states and feedback weights of all doors;
judging whether iteration is finished or not to obtain a first judgment result;
if the first judgment result is negative, calculating values of an input gate, a forget gate and an input gate, and calculating a third channel response;
judging whether the utility function value exceeds a threshold according to the third channel response to obtain a second judging result;
if the second judgment result is negative, updating the feedback weight, and returning to the step of judging whether iteration is ended;
and if the first judgment result is yes or the second judgment result is yes, ending iteration and outputting a channel estimation model.
7. A channel estimation system, the system comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a received signal according to the signal transmission configuration and determining a first dimension of a first channel response corresponding to the received signal; the signal transmission configuration comprises the number of antennas, the number of time domain OFDM symbols and the number of frequency domain subcarriers;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second channel response corresponding to the demodulation reference signal according to the signal transmission configuration;
the dimension reduction module is used for reducing the dimension of the received signal and the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion to obtain a dimension reduced received signal and a dimension reduced second channel response, and determining a third dimension;
the estimation module is used for obtaining a third channel response based on the third dimension by utilizing a channel estimation model according to the first dimension, the third dimension, the reduced-dimension received signal and the reduced-dimension second channel response;
a conversion module configured to convert the third channel response into a first channel response based on the first dimension according to the first dimension, the third dimension, and the dimension reduction criterion;
the step of performing dimension reduction on the received signal and the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion to obtain a dimension reduced received signal and a dimension reduced second channel response, and the step of determining a third dimension specifically includes:
according to a dimension reduction criterion, dimension reduction is carried out on the receiving dimension of the received signal and the second dimension of the second channel response, and the dimension reduced receiving dimension and the dimension reduced second dimension are obtained; the receiving dimension comprises the number of receiving antennas, the number of OFDM symbols in a first time domain of a received signal and the number of subcarriers in the first frequency domain of the received signal; the second dimension comprises the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, the number of second time domain OFDM symbols of demodulation reference signals and the number of second frequency domain subcarriers of demodulation reference signals;
determining a third dimension according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension, and reducing the dimension of the received signal and the second channel response according to the post-dimension reduction receiving dimension and the post-dimension reduction second dimension to obtain a post-dimension reduction received signal and a post-dimension reduction second channel response;
the dimension reduction criterion comprises a space domain dimension reduction function, a time domain dimension reduction function and a frequency domain dimension reduction function; the airspace dimension reduction function is a function between airspace correlation and the number of antennas; the time domain dimension reduction function is a function between the correlation between time domain OFDM symbols and the number of the time domain OFDM symbols; the frequency domain dimension reduction function is a function between the correlation among frequency domain subcarriers and the number of the frequency domain subcarriers;
the step of performing dimension reduction on the receiving dimension of the received signal and the second dimension of the second channel response according to a dimension reduction criterion, and the step of obtaining the dimension reduced receiving dimension and the dimension reduced second dimension specifically comprises the following steps:
the space domain dimension reduction function is utilized to respectively reduce the number of the transmitting antennas and the number of the receiving antennas, and the number of the transmitting antennas after dimension reduction and the number of the receiving antennas after dimension reduction are obtained;
respectively carrying out dimension reduction on the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols by using the time domain dimension reduction function to obtain the number of the first time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction and the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols after dimension reduction;
the frequency domain dimension reduction function is utilized to respectively reduce the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers, so as to obtain the number of the first frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers after dimension reduction; the number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the OFDM symbols of the first time domain after the dimension reduction and the number of the subcarriers of the first frequency domain after the dimension reduction form a receiving dimension after the dimension reduction; the number of the transmission antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the receiving antennas after the dimension reduction, the number of the second time domain OFDM symbols after the dimension reduction and the number of the second frequency domain subcarriers after the dimension reduction form a second dimension after the dimension reduction;
the channel estimation model is a CNN-LSTM model.
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