CN113762987A - Method and device for tracing agricultural and livestock products - Google Patents
Method and device for tracing agricultural and livestock products Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for tracing agricultural and livestock products. Carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, and instantiating a concept entity to express traceable information in a supply chain; and finally, tracking the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products by utilizing semantic expression and tracing the agricultural and livestock products through a semantic block chain network, thereby realizing the tracking and tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products and providing an effective way for the quality control and the quality tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, in particular to a method and a device for tracing agricultural and livestock products.
Background
The inner Mongolia area is dedicated to creating green agricultural and livestock product production and processing output bases for a long time, and the inner Mongolia area is reputed to be international by relying on high-quality natural features and a solid animal husbandry foundation, and the animal husbandry is the third major post industry after coal and metallurgy in the area. The inner Mongolia is a pyramid signboard of agricultural and livestock products, the quality of the agricultural and livestock products and the food safety level are improved, and the establishment of a whole-course traceable and interconnected sharing agricultural and livestock product quality safety information platform is an important task of the inner Mongolia development strategy. How to track and trace the supply chain of agricultural and livestock products to ensure that the high-quality inner Mongolia agricultural and livestock products can safely reach the dining table of a consumer has become a key concern of all relevant parties including governments, enterprises, consumers and academic circles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for tracing agricultural and livestock products, which can trace and trace the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products.
The invention provides a tracing method of agricultural and livestock products, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, instantiating a concept entity, adding the relation between an entity instance and an event instance, and constructing a semantic block chain network;
processing the data uploaded to the semantic block chain network through an event certification consensus mechanism;
and searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through the instantiated data information, and tracing the agricultural and livestock products.
Further, the processing the data uploaded to the semantic blockchain network through the event proof consensus mechanism includes:
comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard, and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node;
and selecting the network node with the highest event goodness of fit to generate a new block.
Further, the comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard to calculate the event goodness of fit of the network node includes:
comparing the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the current technical standard;
if the numerical value class data is in the preset range, the value assignment parameter x of the numerical value class datai＝1；
If the numerical value class data is not in the preset range, assigning parameters of the numerical value class data
According to the formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the current technical standard;
if the state class data is matched with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, matching the state class data with a parameter yi＝1；
If the state class data is not matched with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, matching the state class data with a parameter yi＝0；
According to the formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
according to the formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodei(ii) a Wherein s represents the total number of sub-events included in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, a, of the network node in the semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
Further, if the state class data of the network node matches the invalid constraint in the current technical standard, the network is establishedState class data goodness of network node SCiThe value is directly assigned to 0.
Further, the semantic description for standardizing data on the blockchain, instantiating a concept entity, adding a relationship between an entity instance and an event instance, and constructing a semantic blockchain network includes:
instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through an ontology idea, and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); wherein Dom represents the domain of ontology application, Con represents the set of concepts in the ontology domain, Rel represents the set of relationships between concept entities, and Att represents the set of concept entity attributes; ins represents a collection of concept instances within the domain; wherein the set of concepts in the ontology domain includes an event in which an ontology participates;
instantiating the Event participated by the ontology, and defining the Event as a four-tuple Event (T, Con) with a relation set of timee，ReleFun); wherein T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresenting a set of events involved in the overall process of a farm animal product supply chain; releRepresenting a set of relationships between events; fun represents the mapping of a specific event, and the relationship between an entity instance and an event instance is obtained;
and constructing the semantic block chain network.
The invention also provides a device for tracing agricultural and livestock products, which comprises:
the semantic blockchain network construction module is used for carrying out standardized semantic description on data on blockchains, instantiating concept entities, adding the relation between entity instances and event instances and constructing a semantic blockchain network;
the data processing module is used for processing the data uploaded to the semantic block chain network through an event certification consensus mechanism;
and the agricultural and livestock product tracing module is used for searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through the instantiated data information to trace agricultural and livestock products.
Further, the data processing module includes:
the event goodness of fit calculation unit is used for comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node;
and the block generating unit is used for selecting the network node with the highest event matching degree to generate a new block.
Further, the event goodness of fit calculation unit includes:
the comparison subunit is configured to compare the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the current technical standard;
a first assignment subunit, configured to assign the parameter x to the numerical data if the numerical data is within the preset rangei＝1；
A second assignment subunit, configured to assign a parameter to the numerical data if the numerical data is not within the preset range
A numerical data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
the matching subunit is used for matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the existing technical standard;
a third assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data matches with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝1；
A fourth assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data does not match with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝0；
A status data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
an overall event coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the overall event coincidence degree according to a formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodei(ii) a Wherein s represents the total number of sub-events included in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, a, of the network node in the semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
Further, the event goodness of fit calculation unit further includes:
a fifth assignment subunit, configured to, if the state class data of the network node matches the invalid constraint condition in the current technical standard, assign the state class data of the network node to the matching degree SCiThe value is directly assigned to 0.
Further, the semantic blockchain network building module includes:
the semantic description unit is used for instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through ontology thought and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); wherein Dom represents the domain of ontology application, Con represents the set of concepts in the ontology domain, Rel represents the set of relationships between concept entities, and Att represents the set of concept entity attributes; ins represents a collection of concept instances within the domain; wherein the set of concepts in the ontology domain includes an event in which an ontology participates;
an Event association unit, configured to instantiate the Event participated in by the ontology, and define the Event as a four-tuple Event ═ with a relationship set of time (T, Con)e，ReleFun); wherein T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresenting a set of events involved in the overall process of the agricultural and animal product supply chainCombining; releRepresenting a set of relationships between events; fun represents the mapping of a specific event, and the relationship between an entity instance and an event instance is obtained;
and the semantic block chain network construction unit is used for constructing the semantic block chain network.
One or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, and instantiating a concept entity to express traceable information in a supply chain; and finally, tracking the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products by utilizing semantic expression and tracing the agricultural and livestock products through a semantic block chain network, thereby realizing the tracking and tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products and providing an effective way for the quality control and the quality tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for traceability of agricultural and livestock products according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general conceptual classification diagram of a method for traceability of agricultural and animal products according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a supply chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a traceability block chain of agricultural and animal products in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a system topology diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a traceability device for agricultural and livestock products according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for tracing agricultural and livestock products, which can trace and trace the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention has the following general idea:
the method comprises the steps of firstly projecting an agricultural and livestock product supply chain body and events on an instance space, realizing instantiation mapping expression of data, instantiating entity concepts, adding the relation between the entity instances and the event instances to form a semantic block chain network, and expressing quality traceability information in the whole supply chain so as to carry out traceability. The semantic expression is to reasonably express the knowledge on the block chain by applying a scientific method according to the data on the block chain.
The ontology concept provides support for semantic representation of the agricultural animal product supply chain in embodiments of the invention. An ontology refers to a "specification of a conceptual model that enables programs and people to share knowledge information". In brief, an "ontology" is a set of concepts that precisely define a certain domain and are understood by a computer and commonly accepted by the domain, and properties (Property) describing the concepts, properties (Attribute) of relationships between concepts, and constraints (Constraint) of properties (Property) and the like. The ontology is the common understanding and description of domain knowledge and is the key to realizing the semantic web technology. The body structure in the embodiment of the present invention may be defined as a quintuple.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions will be provided in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for tracing agricultural and livestock products provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S110: the method comprises the steps of carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, instantiating a concept entity, adding the relation between an entity instance and an event instance, constructing a semantic block chain network, and expressing traceable information in the whole supply chain.
Specifically explaining the step, the embodiment of the invention introduces the idea and the information description form of an ontology, maps the complex traceable information of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain and the relation, the attribute, the axiom and the like between the information and the information contained in the agricultural and livestock product supply chain into a semantic concept system, organizes the management information through the semantic concept system, and establishes the agricultural and livestock product supply chain traceable information ontology so as to realize the sharing and reuse of information resources in the agricultural and livestock product supply chain traceable system and realize the accuracy and the efficiency of information management.
Specifically, the semantic description for standardizing data on the blockchain, the instantiation of a concept entity, the addition of the relationship between an entity instance and an event instance, and the construction of the semantic blockchain network comprise the following steps:
instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through an ontology idea, and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); where Dom represents the Domain of ontology application (Domain), mainly referring to farm and animal products in this example; con denotes a collection of concepts in the ontology domain (Concept), mainly referring in this embodiment to staged products, vendors, events, standards, environments, etc. involved in the farm animal product supply chain; rel represents a collection of relationships (relationships) between conceptual entities, including inheritance, locality, properties, etc.; att represents a set of concept entity attributes (Attribute), which in this embodiment mainly refers to concept entities and attributes related to the traceability information field of the supply chain of agricultural and livestock products; the most basic relationship among concepts in ontology theory is shown in table 1, table 2 lists the specific relationship in the agricultural and livestock product supply chain, and the related concept entities and attributes in the traceability information field of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain are shown in table 3. Ins represents a collection of concept Instances (Instances) within the domain; instantiated entities are shown on the left in FIG. 2. Wherein, the set of concepts in the ontology field comprises the event of the ontology participation;
TABLE 1 relationships between classes (concepts) in ontologies
TABLE 2 Main concept class relationship linkages
Table 3 attribute sets of main concept classes instantiate events that an ontology participates in, defining an Event as a four-tuple Event with a set of relationships with time (T, Con)e，ReleFun); for instantiation of an event, a meaning is assigned to the sub-structure, where T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresents a set of events involved in the whole process of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain, mainly including production events, processing events and the like in the embodiment; releRepresenting a relationship set among the events, including inheritance, local, attribute and the like, wherein Fun represents the mapping of specific events to obtain the relationship between entity instances and event instances;
and constructing a semantic block chain network.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the semantic description for standardizing the data on the blockchain is the first step of constructing the semantic blockchain. The purpose of this step is to express the production process of agricultural and animal products, which have different expression forms in different life cycles, and through the description of the production cycle of agricultural and animal products, the combing of the business process. In mutton as an example, the production cycle is shown in table 4. The agricultural and animal product supply chain body is abstract representation of agricultural and animal product supply chain process, and the concept and the conceptual relationship are obvious, so that the retrospective reasoning is possible. Fig. 3 shows an example of a certain supply chain of agricultural and animal products, and as can be seen from fig. 3a and fig. 3b, the agricultural and animal product supply chain is a projection of an agricultural and animal product supply chain body on an example space, a conceptual entity is instantiated through a data exchange protocol, and the relationship between the examples and an event example is added to form a mesh structure with complex semantic relationship, so that the traceability knowledge of quality in the whole supply chain is clearly expressed.
TABLE 4 agricultural and livestock products production cycle example (mutton for example)
Step S120: processing data uploaded to a semantic block chain network through an Event Proof-of-Event (PoE) common identification mechanism;
specifically describing the step, the processing of the data uploaded to the semantic block chain network by the event certification consensus mechanism includes:
after the data are successfully uploaded according to the format standard, comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard, and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node; in the semantic block chain agricultural and livestock product tracing problem, the Event Coincidence (EC) of the participant node mainly comprises two aspects: the first is the Numerical Consensus (NC) of events uploaded by the participant node, such as the temperature in the test to be slaughtered, the body temperature in the test to be slaughtered, the temperature in the processing plant, the product storage temperature, the lighting, etc. Second, the Status Coincidence (SC) of the participant event, such as whether the device is disinfected, whether slaughter equipment is provided, the post-slaughter head carcass test result, and the like.
And after the event goodness of fit is calculated, selecting the network node with the highest event goodness of fit to generate a new block.
It should be noted that, different weighting parameters are set for events belonging to different network nodes according to different degrees of importance of events (such as production events, processing events, transportation events, sales events, etc.) belonging to each network node in the semantic blockchain network. And setting different weight parameters for different sub-events according to different sub-event importance degrees contained in the events to which the network nodes belong. For example, in the processing event, including the inspection sub-event, the slaughter sub-event, etc., different weighting parameters are given according to the importance of the sub-events to the processing event, so that some irrelevant event information can be suppressed.
The method for calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node by comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard comprises the following steps:
comparing the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the existing technical standard;
if the numerical data is in the preset rangeWithin the enclosure, the value assignment parameter x of the numerical class datai＝1；
If the numerical value class data is not in the preset range, the value assignment parameters of the numerical value class data
According to the formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the current technical standard;
if the state class data matches with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, the state class data matches with the parameter yi＝1；
If the state class data is not matched with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, the state class data is matched with the parameter yi＝0；
According to the formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
according to the formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodesi(ii) a Where s represents the total number of sub-events contained in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, alpha, of a network node in a semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
In this embodiment, corresponding identifiers or identification codes may be respectively set for the numerical data and the status data to identify whether the data uploaded by the network node is the numerical data or the status data, so as to compare the numerical data and match the status data.
Taking the processor in fig. 3 as an example to calculate the event goodness of fit of the processor, it can be known from ontology definition that Dom in the quintuple is the field of farm and livestock products, Con is the set of elements such as the processor, the processing event, the processed product, and the event standard, Rel is the set of relationships between the elements, Att is the set of attributes of the elements, and Ins is the information after instantiation of the elements. According to the event definition, T represents time, ConeIndicating a processing event, etc., ReleRepresenting a set of relationships between the process event and the process sub-events, and Fun representing a specific mapping of the process event.
Suppose that the weight of an event to which a processor node belongs (processing event) is w1The processing event comprises two sub-events, namely a checker event and a slaughter event, which are weighted by alpha1，α2The technical standards of the two sub-events are shown in Table 5 according to the general requirements of livestock and poultry slaughtering and processing equipment (GB/T27519-2011) and the quality inspection regulations of cattle and sheep slaughtering products (GB 18393-2001) issued by the State standards Commission.
TABLE 5 partial criteria for example of processing events
It should be noted that if the state class data of the network node matches with the invalid constraint condition in the current technical standard, it indicates that the state class data is an important state, for example, the farm animal to be slaughtered is a diseased animal, and symptoms such as sepsis, uremia, malignant tumor, systemic tumor exist, and the like, and the state class data of the network node is matched with the degree SCiDirectly assigning a value of 0 and giving an alarm to indicate that the sick livestock and the products thereof are all subjected to non-eating or destroying treatment.
It should be noted that only some criteria in the processing event are illustrated here, and in practical cases, the criteria of the corresponding event may be added or deleted according to the attention point of the current event.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also introduces an evaluation point and grading mechanism to manage the participant nodes, the evaluation point represents the strength, the credibility and the quality of the product of each manufacturer in the industry, and the points are increased or reduced according to the quality of the product. Meanwhile, the control of node authority is realized through a grading mechanism, so that the enthusiasm of each manufacturer for actively participating in management of the alliance chain is fully mobilized, and the safe and stable operation of the system is ensured. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. evaluation point strategy
The evaluation integral is the mark of a downstream manufacturer to an upstream manufacturer in the production chain process of agricultural and animal products, the mark is conducted from bottom to top along the chain according to the weight proportion, and each manufacturer can obtain the mark after the proportion distribution by the downstream manufacturer through marking the quality, the quality of service, the reality of data and the like of the products provided by the upstream manufacturer.
For example, assuming that the production chain is "producer → processor → transporter → seller → consumer", the consumer scores the product for 100 points, and the remaining four vendors are assigned weights of 25%, then the top score for each vendor is 25 points.
2. Hierarchical mechanism policy
The manufacturers are divided into two levels, wherein the first-level organization node can become a verification node on the alliance chain, and the second-level organization node is a common node. The rights possessed by the nodes of the respective levels are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 Authority of nodes at various levels
Firstly, evaluating manufacturers from the aspects of enterprise scale, service quality, economic benefit and the like, calculating specific scores according to a percentage system, mutually scoring the same manufacturers to serve as initial scores of each manufacturer, and ranking all manufacturers according to the scores.
In the initial stage of system network construction, the first 30% of the mechanisms are taken as first-level nodes and are responsible for verifying and broadcasting the blocks by using private key signatures of the mechanisms. The remaining and newly added nodes default to secondary nodes that do not have the right to create blocks and verify blocks.
After the first-level node verifies the uploaded data information, a certain integral is added, and the integral is deducted by the verification information by mistake. When the integral is lower than the set threshold value, the integral is reduced to a secondary node, and the position of the node with the highest integral in the secondary nodes is filled. The data sharing behaviors of the nodes at all levels are not differentiated. Since the identity of each user on the chain is known, active participation in maintaining the operation of the federation chain for each reputation in the industry is provided. All nodes have the right to share data. After a period of operation, ranking again according to the evaluation scores, and then dividing the node grades again.
Step S130: and searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through the instantiated data information, and tracing the agricultural and livestock products.
Specifically explaining the step, searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through instantiated data information, and tracing the agricultural and livestock products, wherein the step comprises the following steps of:
acquiring quintuple data uploaded to a semantic block chain network;
and the quintuple data is retrieved through a preset intelligent contract to obtain product circulation information in the semantic block chain network, so that the agricultural and livestock products are traced.
This step is further illustrated:
(1) hardware part:
1. two-dimensional codes, identity identification cards or RFID (radio frequency identification devices) and the like are used as a primary label library of upstream farm and livestock products and are used as Con (concept set) in a body quintuple, wherein basic information, anti-counterfeiting information and the like of the upstream products, such as identity information of cattle and sheep, are mainly stored. And uploading the primary product electronic tag library and storing the primary product electronic tag library in the block chain.
2. After upstream farm and animal products are processed, a secondary tag library is established for the stage products obtained by processing, the secondary tag library is also used as Con (concept set) in the body quintuple, and the secondary electronic tag library is connected with the primary electronic tag library through Rel (relationship set between concept entities) in the body quintuple so as to obtain source farm and animal product information. The second-level tags are uploaded and stored in a block chain, if a cattle is slaughtered to be a plurality of segmentation blocks, the first-level tag library stores basic information of the cattle, the second-level tag library stores basic information of the meat blocks after being segmented, and one piece of information in the first-level tags corresponds to a plurality of pieces of information in the second-level tag library.
3. In the process of "raising → processing → transporting → selling" of the product, each process that is performed therein and each item of processing that is performed on the product need to upload corresponding information, such as basic information, processing information, anti-counterfeiting information, etc. of the main product (such as the meat after the beef is cut), such as the source, quality, code, etc. of the cut meat. And reading and uploading information by adopting a mobile phone and a handheld two-dimensional code scanning device.
4. When a consumer purchases a product, the product label can be scanned by using equipment such as a mobile phone and the like, the product is traced, meanwhile, after the user purchases (uses) the product, the product is evaluated by using the mobile phone and the radio frequency identification equipment, and evaluation information is uploaded to the block chain system.
(2) A software part:
1. and building a semantic block chain network. The bottom layer adopts an Ether house block chain technology, each manufacturer playing the same role is used as a node of the block chain, the block chain is shared among the nodes, and the self information and the product information flowing through the self are uploaded to the block chain through hardware equipment, so that the synchronization and the sharing of the information among the nodes are realized. Wherein, the information uplink adopts an intelligent contract and PoE common identification mechanism, and a traceability block chain diagram of agricultural and livestock products is shown in FIG. 4.
2. The data transmission format is standardized. The data transmission service mainly regulates the uploaded data. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
and (4) format specification and analysis of data. The data is normalized by way of a semantic ontology quintuple that normalizes the data on the blockchain. And then calling a corresponding data format normalization contract, and uploading the data to the block chain network system in a quintuple format. Meanwhile, when information such as product information, traceability information, manufacturer information and the like is acquired, the data in the standardized format is analyzed. The data transmission service calls an information uploading and inquiring intelligent contract, uploads and inquires the information, and semantically processes the uploaded and inquired information.
3. And uploading and tracing information.
And uploading the basic information of the manufacturer node. A supervisor determines whether to add a vendor to the blockchain network system. The manufacturer submits the basic information of the manufacturer to a supervisor, the supervisor checks the information and submits the information to the data transmission service, and the data transmission service semantically processes the information and then calls an information uploading contract to upload the information to the block chain.
And uploading product circulation information. When the product flows in, the manufacturer node scans the label through the handheld scanning terminal to obtain product circulation information, and the manufacturer node can send evaluation information to the data transmission service through the terminal. When the product flows out, the manufacturer node submits the product processing information to the data transmission service, and the data transmission service semantically processes the information and calls a relevant contract to upload the data.
And (4) tracing product information. The consumer or the manufacturer node scans the product label through the terminal to obtain the relevant information of the product, such as the product number. And then submitting information such as the product number to a data exchange service, performing semantic processing on the data exchange service, calling an intelligent contract, and reading product circulation information and other related information in the block chain through the intelligent contract.
The overall complementary graph of the system network constructed according to the above contents is shown in fig. 5, the manufacturer participants playing the same identity share a semantic block chain, each node information is uploaded and inquired by the data exchange service, and meanwhile, the identity of the consumer and the downstream manufacturer participants evaluate the commodity or the upstream manufacturer product through the evaluation domain. Similarly, the information in the blockchain can also be queried through the query domain. The scoring domain and the query domain provide interfaces for uploading, querying and the like through data transmission service.
Referring to fig. 6, the device for tracing agricultural and livestock products provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the semantic blockchain network building module 100 is configured to perform standardized semantic description on data in a blockchain, instantiate a concept entity, add a relationship between an entity instance and an event instance, build a semantic blockchain network, and express traceable information in the entire supply chain.
Specifically, the semantic blockchain network building module 100 includes:
the semantic description unit is used for instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through ontology thought and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); where Dom represents the Domain of ontology application (Domain), mainly referring to farm and animal products in this example; con denotes a collection of concepts in the ontology domain (Concept), mainly referring in this embodiment to staged products, vendors, events, standards, environments, etc. involved in the farm animal product supply chain; rel represents a set of relationships (relationships) between conceptual entities, including inheritance, locality, properties, etc.; att represents a concept entity Attribute set (Attribute), which mainly refers to concept entities and attributes related to the traceability information field of the supply chain of agricultural and livestock products in the embodiment; ins represents a collection of concept Instances (Instances) within the domain; wherein, the set of concepts in the ontology field comprises the event of the ontology participation;
an Event association unit, configured to instantiate an Event participated by the ontology, and define the Event as a four-tuple Event with a relation set of time (T, Con)e，ReleFun); for instantiation of an event, a meaning is assigned to the sub-structure, where T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresents a set of events involved in the whole process of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain, mainly including production events, processing events and the like in the embodiment; releRepresenting a relationship set among the events, including inheritance, local, attribute and the like, wherein Fun represents the mapping of specific events to obtain the relationship between entity instances and event instances;
and the semantic block chain network construction unit is used for constructing the semantic block chain network.
A data processing module 200, configured to process data uploaded to a semantic block chain network through a Proof-of-Event (PoE) common identification mechanism;
specifically, the data processing module 200 includes:
the event goodness of fit calculation unit is used for comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard after the data are successfully uploaded according to the format standard, and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node; in the semantic block chain agricultural and livestock product tracing problem, the Event Coincidence (EC) of the participant node mainly comprises two aspects: the first is the Numerical Consensus (NC) of events uploaded by the participant node, such as the temperature in the test to be slaughtered, the body temperature in the test to be slaughtered, the temperature in the processing plant, the product storage temperature, the lighting, etc. Second, the Status Coincidence (SC) of the participant event, such as whether the device is disinfected, whether slaughter equipment is provided, the post-slaughter head carcass test result, and the like.
And the block generating unit is used for selecting the network node with the highest event goodness of fit to generate a new block after the event goodness of fit is calculated.
It should be noted that, different weighting parameters are set for events belonging to different network nodes according to different degrees of importance of events (such as production events, processing events, transportation events, sales events, etc.) belonging to each network node in the semantic blockchain network. And setting different weight parameters for different sub-events according to different sub-event importance degrees contained in the events to which the network nodes belong. For example, in the processing event, including the inspection sub-event, the slaughter sub-event, etc., different weighting parameters are given according to the importance of the sub-events to the processing event, so that some irrelevant event information can be suppressed.
Wherein, the event goodness of fit calculation unit includes:
the comparison subunit is used for comparing the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the existing technical standard;
a first assignment subunit, configured to assign the parameter x to the numerical class data if the numerical class data is within the preset rangei＝1；
A second assignment subunit, configured to assign the parameter to the numerical data if the numerical data is not within the preset range
A numerical data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
the matching subunit is used for matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the existing technical standard;
a third assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data matches with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝1；
A fourth assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data does not match with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝0；
A status data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
an overall event coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the overall event coincidence degree according to a formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodesi(ii) a Where s represents the total number of sub-events contained in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, alpha, of a network node in a semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
Specifically, the event goodness of fit calculation unit further includes:
a fifth evaluation subunit, configured to, if the state class data of the network node matches the invalid constraint condition in the existing technical standard, indicate that the state class data is an important state, for example, if the farm animal to be slaughtered is a diseased animal and symptoms such as sepsis, uremia, malignant tumor, systemic tumor exist, and the like, determine an goodness of fit SC for the state class data of the network nodeiDirectly assigning a value of 0 and giving an alarm to indicate that the sick livestock and the products thereof are all subjected to non-eating or destroying treatment.
It should be noted that only some criteria in the processing event are illustrated here, and in practical cases, the criteria of the corresponding event may be added or deleted according to the attention point of the current event.
In this embodiment, corresponding identifiers or identification codes may be respectively set for the numerical data and the status data to identify whether the data uploaded by the network node is the numerical data or the status data, so as to compare the numerical data and match the status data. Accordingly, only the data identification module needs to be arranged.
The farm and animal product tracing module 300 is configured to search an instantiated semantic network where the information is located according to the instantiated data information, and perform tracing on farm and animal products.
Specifically, the agricultural and livestock products tracing module 300 includes:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring quintuple data uploaded to the semantic block chain network;
and the tracing unit is used for retrieving quintuple data through a preset intelligent contract to obtain product circulation information in the semantic block chain network so as to finish the tracing of agricultural and livestock products.
The intelligent contract, the consensus algorithm and the agricultural and livestock product system based on the block chain are developed by adopting an intelligent contract provided by an Ethernet workshop platform, and the functions are realized in the intelligent contract. The intelligent contract can realize the uploading and downloading of data in the system. The essence of the intelligent contract is a piece of code written on a block chain, and the basic process is as follows: constructed, stored and executed. The intelligent contract in the embodiment of the invention is made by the producer, the transporter, the consumer, the processor, the seller and the like in the block chain, is used for standardizing the transaction behavior among all users, and also defines the right obligation of all users. The intelligent contract in the embodiment of the invention is realized based on the solid language. The identity is a static type programming language oriented to smart contracts, the syntax is similar to Javascript, and the identity is code running in the Etherhouse virtual machine. During compilation, its data types are checked, supporting inheritance, classes, and complex user-defined types. And the consistency is used for defining an interface and an implementation class and realizing the automatic uploading of the semantic data. The intelligent contract compiling, debugging and the like in the embodiment of the invention are realized in Remix, and the Remix is an open-source Solidity intelligent contract development environment and provides a full-flow tool from compiling, debugging to deployment. The intelligent contract in the embodiment of the invention is issued by adopting a Truffle framework, wherein Truffle is a set of development framework based on the Solidity language, and the construction and management process of decentralized application is simplified. Truffle provides a lot of project templates, can set up a code skeleton of decentralization application fast, this makes the deployment of newly-issued intelligent contract in the system more swift high-efficient.
Technical effects
1. Carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, and instantiating a concept entity to express traceable information in a supply chain; and finally, tracking the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products by utilizing semantic expression and tracing the agricultural and livestock products through a semantic block chain network, thereby realizing the tracking and tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products and providing an effective way for the quality control and the quality tracing of the supply chain of the agricultural and livestock products.
2. The embodiment of the invention can ensure the matching degree of the agricultural and livestock products with the corresponding technical standard in the whole process based on a Proof-of-Event (PoE) consensus mechanism. The embodiment of the invention adopts the event proof (PoE) consensus algorithm and the intelligent contract to promote the accuracy and the efficiency of information management, and the information in the embodiment of the invention is disclosed and the data can not be tampered. Meanwhile, an evaluation integration and grading mechanism is introduced to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the data.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, different weight parameters are set for events belonging to different network nodes according to different importance degrees of the events belonging to the network nodes in a semantic block chain network. Different weight parameters are set for different sub-events according to different importance degrees of the sub-events contained in the events to which the network nodes belong, so that some irrelevant event information can be restrained.
The embodiment of the invention combines the semantic web technology with the block chain technology, introduces the body to express the data, standardizes the data form of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain, is beneficial to effectively tracing the agricultural and livestock products, and is also beneficial to describing the goodness of fit of the agricultural and livestock products with corresponding technical standards in the supply chain process, thereby being beneficial to consumers to select high-quality agricultural and livestock products. Meanwhile, in the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of agricultural and livestock products, an event certification consensus algorithm is provided, so that the accuracy and the efficiency of information management are promoted, the authenticity and the safety of data and the goodness of fit with related technical standards are ensured, and an effective way is provided for quality control and quality tracing of the agricultural and livestock product supply chain.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method of traceability of agricultural and livestock products, comprising:
carrying out standardized semantic description on data on a block chain, instantiating a concept entity, adding the relation between an entity instance and an event instance, and constructing a semantic block chain network;
processing the data uploaded to the semantic block chain network through an event certification consensus mechanism;
and searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through the instantiated data information, and tracing the agricultural and livestock products.
2. A traceability method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing of the data uploaded into the semantic blockchain network by the event proof consensus mechanism comprises:
comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard, and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node;
and selecting the network node with the highest event goodness of fit to generate a new block.
3. A tracing method according to claim 2, wherein said comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard to calculate the event goodness of fit of the network node comprises:
comparing the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the current technical standard;
if the numerical value class data is in the preset range, the value assignment parameter x of the numerical value class datai＝1；
If the numerical value class data is not in the preset range, assigning parameters of the numerical value class data
According to the formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the current technical standard;
if the state class data is matched with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, matching the state class data with a parameter yi＝1；
If the state class data is not matched with the effective limiting conditions in the current technical standard, matching the state class data with a parameter yi＝0；
According to the formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
according to the formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodei(ii) a Wherein s represents the total number of sub-events included in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, a, of the network node in the semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
4. A traceability method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the degree of agreement SC between the state class data of the network node is determined if the state class data of the network node matches the invalid constraint in the current technical standardiThe value is directly assigned to 0.
5. A traceability method as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the semantic description of normalising data on the blockchain, instantiating a concept entity, adding relationships between entity instances and event instances, and constructing a semantic blockchain network comprises:
instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through an ontology idea, and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); wherein Dom represents the domain of ontology application, Con represents the set of concepts in the ontology domain, Rel represents the set of relationships between concept entities, and Att represents the set of concept entity attributes; ins represents a collection of concept instances within the domain; wherein the set of concepts in the ontology domain includes an event in which an ontology participates;
instantiating the Event participated by the ontology, and defining the Event as a four-tuple Event (T, Con) with a relation set of timee，ReleFun); wherein T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresenting a set of events involved in the overall process of a farm animal product supply chain; releRepresenting a set of relationships between events; fun represents the mapping of a specific event, and the relationship between an entity instance and an event instance is obtained;
and constructing the semantic block chain network.
6. A traceability device for agricultural and livestock products, comprising:
the semantic blockchain network construction module is used for carrying out standardized semantic description on data on blockchains, instantiating concept entities, adding the relation between entity instances and event instances and constructing a semantic blockchain network;
the data processing module is used for processing the data uploaded to the semantic block chain network through an event certification consensus mechanism;
and the agricultural and livestock product tracing module is used for searching the instantiated semantic network where the information is located through the instantiated data information to trace agricultural and livestock products.
7. A traceability device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the data processing module comprises:
the event goodness of fit calculation unit is used for comparing the data uploaded by the network node with the current technical standard and calculating the event goodness of fit of the network node;
and the block generating unit is used for selecting the network node with the highest event matching degree to generate a new block.
8. The traceability apparatus of claim 7, wherein the event goodness-of-fit calculation unit comprises:
the comparison subunit is configured to compare the numerical data uploaded by the network node with a preset range in the current technical standard;
a first assignment subunit, configured to assign the parameter x to the numerical data if the numerical data is within the preset rangei＝1；
A second assignment subunit, configured to assign a parameter to the numerical data if the numerical data is not within the preset range
A numerical data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the goodness of fit NC of numerical datai(ii) a Wherein n represents the total number of numerical class data;
the matching subunit is used for matching the state class data uploaded by the network node with the limiting conditions in the existing technical standard;
a third assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data matches with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝1；
A fourth assignment subunit, configured to match the state class data with the parameter y if the state class data does not match with the effective constraint condition in the current technical standardi＝0；
A status data coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the degree of coincidence according to a formula
Calculating the coincidence degree SC of state class datai(ii) a Wherein m represents the total number of state class data;
an overall event coincidence degree operator unit for calculating the overall event coincidence degree according to a formula
Calculating the integral event goodness of fit EC of the network nodei(ii) a Wherein s represents the total number of sub-events included in the network node, ωiRepresenting a weight parameter, a, of the network node in the semantic blockchain networkiA weight parameter representing each sub-event in the network node.
9. The traceability device of claim 8, wherein the event goodness-of-fit calculation unit further comprises:
a fifth assignment subunit, configured to, if the state class data of the network node matches the invalid constraint condition in the current technical standard, assign the state class data of the network node to the matching degree SCiThe value is directly assigned to 0.
10. A traceability device as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the semantic blockchain network construction module comprises:
the semantic description unit is used for instantiating an entity in the circulation process of the agricultural and livestock products through ontology thought and defining an ontology quintuple data structure: instantiating an entity (Dom, Con, Rel, Att, Ins); wherein Dom represents the domain of ontology application, Con represents the set of concepts in the ontology domain, Rel represents the set of relationships between concept entities, and Att represents the set of concept entity attributes; ins represents a collection of concept instances within the domain; wherein the set of concepts in the ontology domain includes an event in which an ontology participates;
an Event association unit, configured to instantiate the Event participated in by the ontology, and define the Event as a four-tuple Event ═ with a relationship set of time (T, Con)e，ReleFun); wherein T represents the time of occurrence of the event, ConeRepresenting a set of events involved in the overall process of a farm animal product supply chain; releRepresenting an eventA set of relationships between; fun represents the mapping of a specific event, and the relationship between an entity instance and an event instance is obtained;
and the semantic block chain network construction unit is used for constructing the semantic block chain network.
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Application publication date: 20211207 |