CN113762275A - Method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomaly based on moon mean background field - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting seismic microwave radiation abnormity based on a moon mean background field, which comprises the following steps: determining satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data, a research time range and a research area space range according to the occurrence time and the occurrence position of the earthquake case; carrying out data preprocessing on the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data; constructing a dynamic moon mean background field of a research area; and calculating the abnormal result of the seismic microwave radiation in the research area. According to the method, cloud pixels in the microwave radiation observation value are processed through data preprocessing, pure and cloud-free microwave radiation data are obtained, and the reliability of a calculation result can be improved; according to the method, the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in the same date range in different years are used for constructing a stable dynamic rather than uniform lunar mean background field in a research area, so that microwave radiation abnormal values are extracted according to the time and the position of actual earthquake occurrence, and the reasonability and the accuracy of extraction results are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave remote sensing, and particularly relates to a method for extracting seismic microwave radiation abnormity based on a moon mean background field.
Background
The intensity of microwave radiation received by a satellite microwave radiometer from the earth's surface depends on the surface temperature and emissivity, which in turn depends primarily on its dielectric constant and roughness. The microwave radiation of the ground surface is affected by many factors, especially the terrain, vegetation, water content of the ground surface, cloud cover and the like, and furthermore, the microwave radiation of the ground surface is changed due to the existence of geological disasters (such as earthquake and volcanic activity). The terrain, vegetation and water content of the earth surface have certain stability in a short time, and the cloud layer has larger uncertainty, which can cause certain uncertainty of the effective area of a certain area observed by a satellite. The experimental result shows that by using the mean value of microwave radiation observation values of the same area for about 28 days, cloud information in the observation values can be removed, stable microwave radiation information of the area can be better reflected, and then a ground surface microwave radiation moon mean value background field of a target area can be obtained, which is beneficial to researching the stable change trend and characteristics of a specific area of the ground surface in a long time period.
In seismic thermal anomaly studies, the deviation of the observed values of a study area from its stable background over a period of time before and after the occurrence of an earthquake is generally considered as potential anomaly information. In the prior art, microwave radiation observation values of different years and the same date are generally used as an arithmetic mean value or weighted mean value processing is carried out according to the distance from the earthquake-occurring year, and the obtained result is taken as a background field for extracting earthquake microwave radiation abnormality. On one hand, the operation period of the same satellite sensor is often only a few years, and the number of observed values in different years on the same date is limited, so that the representativeness and the robustness of the result obtained after the mean value processing are greatly reduced; on the other hand, in principle, although the upward microwave signals on the earth surface can penetrate through the cloud layer, the signals received by the satellite microwave radiometer are not all from the earth surface, but should come from the earth surface and the common contribution of various radiation sources in the atmospheric transmission path, so in order to ensure the purity of the observed value in the research area, the cloud layer is necessary to be removed as the most important influence factor in the microwave radiation transmission path. However, the existing technologies and methods have not processed the cloud pixels in the microwave radiation observation value, so that reliable and accurate seismic microwave radiation abnormal information cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomaly based on a lunar mean background field, which utilizes multi-temporal satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and cloud layer data to automatically generate a dynamic terrestrial microwave radiation lunar mean background field of a target area, and extracts and researches heat radiation anomaly information related to seismic activities based on the dynamic background field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for extracting seismic microwave radiation abnormity based on a moon mean background field, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in the area of the selected seismic case according to the occurrence time and position of the selected seismic case, and determining a research time range and a research area space range;
s2, performing data preprocessing on the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data, wherein the data preprocessing comprises cutting, unifying resolution and eliminating cloud pixels on the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data;
s3, constructing a dynamic moon mean background field of a research area by utilizing the preprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data;
and S4, calculating the abnormal result of the seismic microwave radiation in the research area according to the constructed dynamic moon mean background field.
Further, the year of occurrence of the earthquake case is Y, the date is T, the initial year of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is at least 3 years earlier than the year Y of occurrence of the selected earthquake case, and the research time range is a time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of occurrence of the selected earthquake case.
Further, in step S1, the specific method for determining the spatial range of the research area is as follows:
s1.1, according to the moment magnitude of the selected earthquake case
Determining a radius of a spatial extent of the investigation region
The expression is as follows:
s1.2, taking the epicenter position of the selected earthquake case as a center position, and
the circular area formed by the radii is determined as the spatial extent of the investigation region.
Further, in step S2, the cloud pixel culling specifically includes: obtaining a mask matrix of a research area cloud layer according to satellite cloud total data
(ii) a Cloud pixels are removed from selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data to obtain a pure and cloud-free microwave radiation value matrix in a research area
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t1 are the year and year product date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data,
the matrix is a matrix of unprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in a research area.
Further, a mask matrix of the cloud layer of the research area is obtained
The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, reading satellite cloud total data which are cut into a specified research area, and then gradually readingReading a cloud total value by a pixel; regarding the pixel with the satellite cloud total data more than or equal to 0.3 as the cloud, and setting the corresponding matrix position value as a null value; regarding the pixel with the satellite cloud total data less than 0.3 as no cloud, setting the position value of the corresponding matrix to be 1, and obtaining the mask matrix of the cloud layer of the research area
(ii) a Wherein y and t1 are the year and year date, respectively, of the total satellite cloud data used.
Further, the step S3 is specifically:
s3.1, acquiring a dynamic microwave radiation background field with the date t2 in the designated research time range of the historical years of the research area according to the historical year satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t2 are the year and year date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data,
calculating the number of microwave radiation data matrixes participating in calculation;
s3.2, repeating the operation of the step S3.1, obtaining the microwave radiation background fields of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data from the initial year to the final year one by one, and calculating the dynamic lunar mean value microwave radiation background field of the appointed date t2 of the research area according to the obtained microwave radiation background fields of different years
The expression is as follows:
wherein p and q are respectively the initial year and the final year of the microwave radiation remote sensing image data of the used satellite, and T2 is the annual accumulation day corresponding to a certain specified research date in the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of the occurrence of the selected seismic case;
s3.3, repeating the operation of the step S3.2, and obtaining the dynamic lunar mean value microwave radiation background field of all the days in the interval from 60 days before to 30 days after the date T of the selected earthquake case
,
Further, the step S4 is specifically:
s4.1, acquiring a microwave radiation value residual error matrix with Y year and t3 date in the research area according to the dynamic moon mean background field constructed in the step S3
T3 is also a date within the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T on which the selected seismic case occurred, and is expressed as follows:
s4.2, calculating the mean value of the residual value matrix according to the obtained microwave radiation residual value matrix
And standard deviation of
According to the above-mentioned method the threshold value of abnormal value of seismic microwave radiation can be defined
The expression is as follows:
s4.3, according to the acquired abnormal threshold value
Judging whether the pixel value of the microwave radiation residual error value matrix is an abnormal value pixel by pixel, wherein the expression is as follows:
wherein
For the row and column numbers of the pixels of the respective matrix involved in the calculation,
setting a null value for the pixel value;
s4.4, repeating the operation of the step S4.3 until all pixels of the microwave radiation residual value matrix are traversed, and finally obtaining the seismic microwave radiation abnormal result of the research area
。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for extracting the seismic microwave radiation anomaly based on the moon mean background field, cloud pixels in the microwave radiation observation value are processed through data preprocessing, so that the interference of the cloud pixels on the microwave radiation remote sensing image is eliminated, pure cloud-free microwave radiation data are obtained, and the reliability of a calculation result can be improved; according to the method, the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in the same date range in different years are used for constructing a stable dynamic rather than uniform lunar mean background field in a research area, and then microwave radiation abnormal values are extracted according to the time and the position of the actual earthquake, so that the reasonability and the accuracy of extraction results are improved, and the method is beneficial to researching heat radiation abnormal information related to earthquake activities.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a background field of lunar mean microwave radiation constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating residual microwave radiation values obtained in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the abnormal result of microwave radiation obtained in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on a lunar mean background field is provided, which is to automatically construct a microwave radiation lunar mean background field of a specified research area by using satellite microwave radiation data and extract radiation anomalies related to seismic activities, and the method includes the following steps:
s1, determining satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data, a research time range and a research area space range according to the occurrence time and the occurrence position of the selected seismic case;
if the year of the occurrence of the earthquake case is Y, the initial year of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is at least 3 years earlier than the year Y of the occurrence of the selected earthquake case, and the research time range is the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of the occurrence of the selected earthquake case. The earthquake case selected by the embodiment of the invention is an earthquake which occurs once in Maduo county in Qinghai province within 5 months and 21 days (141 days in year) in 2021, and then:
1) the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data can be microwave radiation data provided by an AMSR-2 sensor, the initial year of the data is 2012, and the final year is 2021;
2) the study time range is determined to be 3 months and 22 days to 6 months and 20 days in 2021, and the annual cumulative days are 81 to 171.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a specific method for determining the spatial range of a study area is as follows:
1) determining the radius of the spatial extent of the investigation region from the magnitude of the selected earthquake
The expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
moment magnitude for the selected seismic case;
2) the epicenter position of the selected seismic case is taken as the center position and the radius is taken as the radius
The circular area formed is determined as the spatial extent of the investigation region.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the magnitude of the moment of the seismic case
And Mw7.3, the geographic coordinates of the epicenter are 34.59 degrees in north latitude, 98.24 degrees in east longitude, and then: the spatial range of the study area is determined as a circular area with the central position of 34.59 degrees of north latitude and 98.24 degrees of east longitude and the radius of 700 kilometers.
S2, preprocessing the acquired satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data; in a specific embodiment of the invention, in order to reduce the amount of operation data and simultaneously reduce the difference in time and space between the AMSR-2 microwave radiation data and the satellite cloud total data of different dates used in the embodiment, the following preprocessing operations are performed on the data:
(1) and cutting the data: cutting the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data to the research area space range determined in the step S1; the satellite cloud total data represents a normalized numerical value of the cloud layer thickness in a certain pixel, the range is 0-1, and the data is obtained by inversion based on a satellite multichannel infrared sensor. The satellite cloud total data of the embodiment is derived from a wind cloud meteorological geostationary satellite.
(2) Unifying the resolution of the data: due to the fact that the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data are inconsistent in spatial resolution, inconvenience is brought to subsequent operation. Therefore, the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data need to be uniformly interpolated into a spatial resolution of 5 kilometers by using a bilinear interpolation method.
(3) And carrying out cloud pixel elimination on the data: the existence of the cloud pixel can interfere the accuracy and the purity of the operation result, so that before the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is processed, the position of the cloud pixel needs to be judged by utilizing the satellite cloud total data, and the pixel of the corresponding position in the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is removed.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cloud pixel elimination includes the following steps:
a. obtaining a mask matrix of a research area cloud layer according to satellite cloud total data
；
Firstly, reading satellite cloud total data cut to a specified research area, and reading a cloud total value pixel by pixel; then, regarding the pixel with the satellite cloud total data more than or equal to 0.3 as the cloud, and setting the corresponding matrix position value as a null value; then, regarding the pixel with the satellite cloud total data less than 0.3 as no cloud, and corresponding to the matrixSetting the position value to be 1, and obtaining a mask matrix of the cloud layer of the research area
(ii) a Wherein y and t1 are the year and year date of the total satellite cloud data.
b. Cloud pixels are removed from selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data to obtain a pure and cloud-free microwave radiation value matrix in a research area
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t1 are the year and year product date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data,
the method is a matrix of unprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in a research area.
S3, constructing a dynamic moon mean background field of a research area by utilizing the preprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data;
s3.1, acquiring dynamic microwave radiation background field with date t2 in designated study time range of historical years of study region according to historical year satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t2 are the year and year date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data,
the number of the microwave radiation data matrix participating in the calculation is calculated.
S3.2, repeating the operation of the step S3.1, obtaining the microwave radiation background fields of the AMSR-2 satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data from the initial year to the final year, and calculating the monthly mean microwave radiation background field of the appointed date t2 of the research area according to the obtained microwave radiation background fields of different years
The expression is as follows:
wherein, p and q are respectively the initial year 2012 and the deadline year 2021 of the microwave radiation remote sensing image data of the satellite, and T2 is the annual accumulation date corresponding to a certain specified research date in the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of earthquake occurrence. The constructed dynamic moon mean microwave radiation background field is shown in fig. 2.
S3.3, repeating the step S3.2, and obtaining the dynamic lunar mean value microwave radiation background field of all the days in the interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of the selected earthquake case
,
S4, calculating the abnormal result of the seismic microwave radiation in the research area according to the constructed dynamic moon mean background field;
in the embodiment of the invention, the time range of the established dynamic moon mean background field is 2021, 3 months and 22 days to 6 months and 20 days, and the annual cumulative date is 81 to 171; the time t3 at which microwave radiation abnormality in the investigation region can be obtained likewise ranges from 81 to 171. In the embodiment of the invention, the specific date of the extracted microwave radiation abnormity of the research area is selected from 2021 year 4, month 19 and year accumulation 109, and then:
s4.1, acquiring a microwave radiation value residual matrix with the year 2021 and the year integration date 109 in the research area according to the dynamic moon mean background field constructed in the step S3
The expression is as follows:
wherein
The microwave radiation data after cloud pixels are removed in a research area with the year 2021 and the year accumulation day 109,
is a dynamic moon mean microwave radiation background field with the annual cumulative date of 109. The obtained microwave radiation value residual results are shown in fig. 3.
S4.2, calculating the mean value of the residual value matrix according to the obtained microwave radiation residual value matrix
And standard deviation of
According to the above-mentioned method the threshold value of abnormal value of seismic microwave radiation can be defined
The expression is as follows:
s4.3, judging whether the pixel value of the microwave radiation residual error value matrix is an abnormal value pixel by pixel according to the obtained abnormal threshold value K, wherein the pixel value is as follows:
wherein
For the row and column numbers of the pixels of the respective matrix involved in the calculation,
a null value is set for the pixel value.
S4.4, repeating the operation of the step S4.3 until all pixels of the microwave radiation residual value matrix are traversed, and obtaining a final earthquake microwave radiation abnormal result of the research area
. The obtained microwave radiation abnormal result is shown in fig. 4.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme can be used as long as the condition that the initial year of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is at least three years earlier than the year of the selected seismic case is met according to the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data selected by the seismic case, and the method is not limited to the AMSR-2 data set used in the embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomaly based on a moon mean background field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in the area of the selected seismic case according to the occurrence time and position of the selected seismic case, and determining a research time range and a research area space range;
s2, performing data preprocessing on the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data, wherein the data preprocessing comprises cutting, unifying resolution and eliminating cloud pixels on the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data;
s3, constructing a dynamic moon mean background field of a research area by utilizing the preprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data;
and S4, calculating the abnormal result of the seismic microwave radiation in the research area according to the constructed dynamic moon mean background field.
2. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on the moon mean background field according to claim 1, wherein the year of occurrence of the seismic case is Y and the date is T, the initial year of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data is at least 3 years earlier than the year Y of occurrence of the selected seismic case, and the research time range is a time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of occurrence of the selected seismic case.
3. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomaly based on the moon mean background field as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the specific method for determining the spatial range of the study region is as follows:
s1.1, according to the moment magnitude of the selected earthquake case
Determining a radius of a spatial extent of the investigation region
The expression is as follows:
s1.2, taking the epicenter position of the selected earthquake case as a center position, and
circular area formed by radiusDefining the spatial extent of the study region.
4. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on the moon mean background field as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the cloud pixel culling specifically includes: obtaining a mask matrix of a research area cloud layer according to satellite cloud total data
(ii) a Cloud pixels are removed from selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data to obtain a pure and cloud-free microwave radiation value matrix in a research area
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t1 are the year and year product date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data and the satellite cloud total data,
the matrix is a matrix of unprocessed satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data in a research area.
5. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on the moon mean background field according to claim 4, characterized in that a mask matrix of the cloud cover of the study area is obtained
The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, reading satellite cloud total data cut to a specified research area, and then reading the cloud total value pixel by pixel; regarding the pixel with the satellite cloud total data more than or equal to 0.3 as the cloud, and setting the corresponding matrix position value as a null value; looking at pixels with satellite cloud total data less than 0.3Setting the position value of the corresponding matrix to be 1 for no cloud, and obtaining a mask matrix of a cloud layer of a research area
(ii) a Wherein y and t1 are the year and year date, respectively, of the total satellite cloud data used.
6. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on the moon mean background field as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S3 specifically includes:
s3.1, acquiring a dynamic microwave radiation background field with the date t2 in the designated research time range of the historical years of the research area according to the historical year satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data
The expression is as follows:
wherein y and t2 are the year and year date of the satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data,
calculating the number of microwave radiation data matrixes participating in calculation;
s3.2, repeating the operation of the step S3.1, obtaining the microwave radiation background fields of the selected satellite microwave radiation remote sensing image data from the initial year to the final year one by one, and calculating the dynamic lunar mean value microwave radiation background field of the appointed date t2 of the research area according to the obtained microwave radiation background fields of different years
The expression is as follows:
wherein p and q are respectively the initial year and the final year of the microwave radiation remote sensing image data of the used satellite, and T2 is the annual accumulation day corresponding to a certain specified research date in the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T of the occurrence of the selected seismic case;
s3.3, repeating the operation of the step S3.2, and obtaining the dynamic lunar mean value microwave radiation background field of all the days in the interval from 60 days before to 30 days after the date T of the selected earthquake case
,
7. The method for extracting seismic microwave radiation anomalies based on the moon mean background field as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S4 specifically includes:
s4.1, acquiring a microwave radiation value residual error matrix with Y year and t3 date in the research area according to the dynamic moon mean background field constructed in the step S3
T3 is also a date within the time interval from the first 60 days to the last 30 days of the date T on which the selected seismic case occurred, and is expressed as follows:
s4.2, calculating the mean value of the residual value matrix according to the obtained microwave radiation residual value matrix
And standard deviation of
According to the above-mentioned method the threshold value of abnormal value of seismic microwave radiation can be defined
The expression is as follows:
s4.3, according to the acquired abnormal threshold value
Judging whether the pixel value of the microwave radiation residual error value matrix is an abnormal value pixel by pixel, wherein the expression is as follows:
wherein
For the row and column numbers of the pixels of the respective matrix involved in the calculation,
setting a null value for the pixel value;
s4.4, repeating the operation of the step S4.3 until all pixels of the microwave radiation residual value matrix are traversed, and finally obtaining the seismic microwave radiation abnormal result of the research area
。
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