CN113760075A

CN113760075A - Capacitor switching management method and device, standby power system and solid state disk

Info

Publication number: CN113760075A
Application number: CN202110975280.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方浩俊; 黄运新; 杨亚飞
Original assignee: Shenzhen Dapu Microelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dapu Microelectronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-24
Filing date: 2021-08-24
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-24
Also published as: CN113760075B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power supply management, and discloses a capacitor switching management method, a capacitor switching management device, a standby power system and a solid state disk. The cache corresponding to the business activity is divided into an active area, a regulation area and an inactive area, different areas comprise corresponding capacitor banks, the capacitor banks of the active area and the regulation area are in an on state, and the capacitor banks of the inactive area are in an off state. And when the service exceeds the threshold value, performing power supply adjustment for completing service operation when the expected service is powered off. When the standby power is adjusted, the adjusting area can be used as an active area to receive the service volume, so that the continuous operation of the service is ensured, and the risk of service loss caused by abnormal power failure is reduced. The number of the capacitor banks corresponding to the active area, the adjusting area and the inactive area is adjusted to enable the capacitance of the three subareas to be in the optimal value, so that the requirement of real-time service activity is met, the service efficiency of the standby power is improved, and the service life of the standby power system is prolonged.

Description

Capacitor switching management method and device, standby power system and solid state disk

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of power supply management, in particular to a capacitor switching management method, a capacitor switching management device, a standby power system and a solid state disk.

Background

At present, most of protection methods for dealing with abnormal power failure in many electronic system designs use a standby power system to maintain power supply for a period of time, so as to ensure complete convergence of services, for example, in a solid state disk, data in a cache area is written into a nonvolatile memory. Most of the standby power system uses a super capacitor group consisting of a plurality of capacitors as an energy storage unit, and when the system is powered on, the super capacitor group is charged, and when the system is powered off (such as abnormal power failure), the super capacitor group is discharged and used as a power supply source.

The required capacitance capacity of the standby power system changes along with the change of services, certain time overhead is provided in the process of adjusting the standby power demand, and in the process of switching the states of the capacitance groups, if power failure occurs, the standby power demand cannot meet the service requirements, so that the problem of service loss is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a capacitance switching management method, a capacitance switching management device, a standby power system and a solid state disk, so as to solve the technical problem that services are easy to lose.

In order to solve the above technical problem, one technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is:

in a first aspect, a capacitance switching management method is applied to a standby power system, where the standby power system includes a plurality of capacitance groups, and includes:

dividing a cache corresponding to business activities into an active area, a regulation area and an inactive area according to the plurality of capacitor groups, and determining the capacitor groups corresponding to the active area, the regulation area and the inactive area, wherein the capacitor groups corresponding to the active area and the regulation area are kept in an on state, and the capacitor groups corresponding to the inactive area are kept in an off state;

and monitoring the states of the active area and the inactive area, and adaptively adjusting the capacitance groups corresponding to the active area, the regulating area and the inactive area so as to enable the capacitance provided by the active area to meet the requirements of services.

In a second aspect, a capacitance switching management device is provided, which is applied to a power backup system, where the power backup system includes a plurality of capacitance groups, and includes:

the area division module is used for dividing the cache corresponding to the business activity into an active area, an adjusting area and an inactive area;

a capacitor group dividing module, configured to determine, according to the plurality of capacitor groups, the capacitor groups corresponding to the active region, the adjustment region, and the inactive region, where the capacitor groups corresponding to the active region and the adjustment region are kept in an on state, and the capacitor groups corresponding to the inactive region are kept in an off state;

and the capacitor bank switching module is used for monitoring the states of the active area and the inactive area and adaptively adjusting the number of the capacitor banks corresponding to the active area, the regulating area and the inactive area so as to enable the capacitance provided by the active area to meet the requirements of services.

In a third aspect, a power backup system is provided, including: a standby power management device and a power management device;

the power backup management device includes: the capacitor bank control module is respectively connected with the power supply management equipment, the capacitor bank and the capacitor bank management module;

the capacitor bank management module comprises a capacitor capacity check unit and a controller, wherein the controller comprises:

at least one processor, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the capacitance switching management method as described above based on the capacitance check unit.

In a fourth aspect, a solid state disk is provided, which includes the power backup system as described above.

Different from the related art, embodiments of the present invention provide a capacitor switching management method, a capacitor switching management apparatus, a standby power system, and a solid state disk, in which a cache corresponding to a service activity is divided into an active area, a regulation area, and an inactive area, different areas include corresponding capacitor banks, and the capacitor banks of the active area and the regulation area are in an on state, and even if the capacitor banks are in an enabled state, the capacitor banks of the inactive area are in an off state, that is, an disabled state. When the service changes and the standby power is adjusted, the adjusting area can be used as an active area to receive the service volume, so that the service is ensured to be continuously carried out, and the risk of service loss caused by abnormal power failure is reduced. In addition, when the business activity is updated, the number of the capacitor banks corresponding to the active area, the regulation area and the inactive area can be adjusted according to the real-time business activity, so that the capacitance of the three subareas is in the optimal value, thereby not only meeting the requirement of the real-time business activity, but also improving the service efficiency of the standby power and prolonging the service life of the standby power system.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated in drawings corresponding to, and not limiting to, the embodiments, in which elements having the same reference number designation may be represented as similar elements, unless specifically noted, the drawings in the figures are not to scale.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system of a solid state disk according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive energy storage power supply feature provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power backup system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the power backup management device in fig. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of grouping capacitor banks provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for grouping capacitor banks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a grouping of capacitor banks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another process for grouping capacitor banks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of another grouping of capacitor banks provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a capacitance sensing circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a capacitor bank path selection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of capacitance bank capacitance detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a process for performing capacitance detection on a capacitance group of a non-enabled group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a process for capacitance detection of a capacitance group of an enable group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship among the number of charging and discharging operations, the temperature, and the operating time according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram representation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a representation of a conversion coefficient lookup provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical capacity table provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a representation of a periodic search provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a flowchart of a capacitor management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of partitioning a partition based on volatile memory provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining a capacitance grouping for a partition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic circuit diagram for obtaining charging time according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 24 and 25 are schematic diagrams illustrating relationships between different parameters provided by embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 26 is a flowchart of a capacitor switching management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitance switching management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating the policy table according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the various features of the embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other within the scope of protection of the invention. Additionally, while functional block divisions are performed in the device diagrams, with logical sequences shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the block divisions in the device diagrams, or the flowcharts.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

A typical Solid State Drive (SSD) generally includes a Solid State disk controller (host controller), a Flash memory (NAND Flash) array, a cache unit, a connector, and other peripheral units.

The solid state disk controller is used as a control operation unit for managing an SSD internal system.

Flash memory arrays, as memory cells, for storing data, including user data and system data, typically present a plurality of channels (CH for short), one Channel being independently connected to a set of NAND flashes, e.g. CH0/CH1 … … CHx. Among them, Flash memories (NAND Flash) have a characteristic that erasing is necessary before writing, and the number of times of erasing is limited for each Flash memory.

The cache unit is used for caching the mapping table, and the cache unit is generally a Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

And the connector is used for connecting the solid state disk with the host.

Other peripheral units may include PMIC (integrated power management circuit), sensors, registers, etc. The PMIC is a power supply system including a power management chip.

At present, a protection method for a solid state disk in response to abnormal power failure mostly adopts a power backup system to maintain power supply for a period of time, so as to ensure that data written into a cache of the solid state disk by a host and necessary metadata are written into a nonvolatile memory. Most of the standby power system uses a super capacitor bank (generally composed of a plurality of capacitors) as an energy storage unit, and when the solid state disk is powered on (working), the super capacitor bank is charged, and when the solid state disk is powered off (generally when the solid state disk is abnormally powered off), the super capacitor bank is discharged to be used as a power supply source.

As shown in fig. 1, when the solid state disk is operated, power is supplied from the outside, and at this time, the power control module supplies the external power to the power management module while performing charging control on the capacitor bank. The standby power module mainly comprises an energy storage module, a control circuit and the like. The power supply control module mainly realizes power failure detection, a power supply selection control circuit and capacitor charging and discharging control. The power management module is mainly a series of voltage conversion modules, such as DC/DC, LDO power chips, and mainly performs power conversion according to the requirements of the solid state disk, such as 12v to 5v, 3.3v, 5v to 3.3v, 3.3v to 1.2v, and the like.

The capacitor of the standby power module is charged and then used as a power supply to supply power, a certain relation exists between external power supply energy and the charging and discharging times of the capacitor, as shown in fig. 2, the horizontal axis represents the charging times, the vertical axis represents the capacitance, and in general, the power supply energy is reduced along with the increase of the charging and discharging times if the accuracy and different capacitance characteristics are not considered. Wherein the relative discontinuity, i.e. the inflection point (g) in fig. 2, is most affected by the operating temperature, and the earlier the inflection point appears as the temperature is higher, i.e. the smaller the number of charges. Therefore, the life cycle of the capacitor is influenced by the working temperature and the loss times, and therefore, the effective management of the life cycle of the capacitor is of great significance.

The life cycle management of the capacitor of the existing solid state disk is mainly periodic capacity check, whether the capacity of the capacitor meets the requirement is calculated, and if the current capacity is not enough, an alarm is given. In addition, the capacitor bank is charged and discharged as a whole, that is, the redundant portion is lost together as a whole from the beginning. Due to the fact that the whole charging and discharging are carried out, when the capacitance of the capacitor bank is detected, the standby power circuit needs to be disconnected, discharging detection is carried out, and if abnormal power failure occurs at the moment, business loss is caused due to insufficient power supply.

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a capacitor management method, a capacitor management apparatus, a standby power system, and a solid state disk, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing solid state disk has a high risk of service loss, and improve the integrity of the service of the solid state disk.

The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the drawings in the specification.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a standby power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 3, the power backup system 10 includes a power backup management apparatus 11 and a power supply management apparatus 12. The standby power management device 11 is electrically connected to the power management device 12. The power management device 12 receives an external power supply to realize the requirements of power conversion and the like, and the converted power is supplied to the standby power management device 11 and used for power failure detection, and the charging and discharging of the capacitor of the standby power management device 11 are controlled according to the detection result. The standby power management device 11 is used for controlling the charging and discharging requirements of an energy storage module (such as a capacitor bank) thereof.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3 again, the standby power management apparatus 11 includes a capacitor bank 111, a capacitor bank control module 112, and a capacitor bank management module 113. The capacitor bank control module 112 is respectively connected to the power management device 12, the capacitor bank 111, and the capacitor bank management module 113.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the capacitor bank control module 112 includes a switch unit, a switch control unit and a path interface unit, and the capacitor bank management module 113 includes a capacitor capacity check unit, a temperature sensing unit, a controller and a non-volatile memory. The switch unit is connected to the capacitor bank 111, the path interface unit is respectively connected to the power management device 12 and the capacitor bank management module 113, and specifically, the path interface unit is respectively connected to the power control module 121 and the capacitor capacity check unit. The switching unit is used to implement a separate switch for each capacitive grouping. The switch control unit is used for controlling the state of the switch and can be used for programmable control updating. The path interface unit is used for being connected with the power management device 12 and can be used as a charge and discharge path, and the path interface unit is used for being connected with the capacitor bank management module 113 and can be used as an information control path to achieve the acquisition of the grouping capacity and control the on-off updating of the capacitor grouping.

In this embodiment, the standby power management device 11 is used for standby power management, and based on the capacitor bank 111, the capacitor bank control module 112, and the capacitor bank management module 113, the standby power management device 11 implements grouping selection, standby power detection, and standby power lifecycle management of standby power management. The standby power is grouped, the standby power capacitors are grouped by grouping, the standby power capacitors are grouped by enabling and disabling, and the standby power capacitors are used in turn by grouping, so that the redundancy effective utilization rate is improved, and the service life of the standby power is integrally prolonged. The standby power detection mainly detects the capacitance of the non-enabled group and simultaneously keeps the capacitance of the enabled group in a standby power state, so that the service loss caused by insufficient power supply during the capacity check is prevented. On one hand, the standby power life cycle management is characterized in that on one hand, the working time length factor at the working temperature is mainly considered, the loss caused by the working time length factor is normalized to the charge and discharge times, namely the loss times, and the capacitor groups are subjected to alternate use management according to the loss times and the detected capacitance; on the other hand, the residual working time of the capacitor grouping is calculated according to the working temperature and the loss times, and an early warning mechanism is provided according to the residual working time, so that the risk of service loss caused by insufficient power supply in a period can be effectively prevented.

The group selection of the backup power management, the backup power detection, and the backup power lifecycle management related to the backup power management device 11 will be described in detail below.

In the related art, the super capacitor bank is generally charged and discharged as a whole, that is, the redundant part is lost as a whole at the beginning, and obviously, the effective utilization rate of the redundancy is poor. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a way of grouping the backup capacitors.

Specifically, the standby capacitors are divided into an enable group and a non-enable group, and the working state of the capacitor corresponding to the enable group is an enable state, that is, the capacitors of the group are in a normal charging and discharging state. The working state of the capacitor corresponding to the non-enabling group is a non-enabling state, namely the capacitors of the group are all in a closed state and are not charged or discharged. In the present embodiment, the grouped capacitors are divided into the enabled group and the disabled group, so that only the number of capacitor groups with a desired capacitance value can be selected when the standby power system 10 is in operation, and the remaining capacitor groups are in the off state, that is, the capacitor groups are not charged or discharged when being powered up or powered down, and are not in the operating state, thereby reducing the capacitor loss.

When the backup capacitors are grouped, the total amount of all backup capacitors is equal to the sum of the capacity required for backup operation and the capacity of the redundant capacitor required for expected capacitance decay capacity, so that the redundancy of at least one group can be maintained during the life cycle of the backup system 10 even if the number of capacitor groups that can be grouped is less than or equal to the difference between the number of capacitor groups that cannot be grouped and 1. The number of the divided total capacitor banks may be determined according to the management requirement of the standby power system 10, and the number of the capacitor banks that enable grouping may be determined according to the current capacity of the grouping and the capacity required by the standby power operation.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of grouping capacitor banks according to an embodiment of the present invention. All the backup capacitors can be divided into n groups, and an enabled group and a non-enabled group are determined from the n groups. For example, M groups are selected as the enable groups for the actual charging and discharging operations according to the grouping states, and the M enable groups can be selected by dynamic alternate combination. For example, the total n is 4 groups, the capacity of 2 groups can meet the requirement of the standby power work, 2 groups are used for redundancy of late-stage attenuation, when the early-stage capacitance attenuation is less, M is 2 groups can be selected as the work enabling group, and as the capacitance attenuation increases, M is 3 groups can be selected as the work enabling group in the later stage. When 2 packets are selected as the enabling packets in the previous stage, the packets may be dynamically combined in turn, for example, if the numbers of 4 packets are 01,02,03,04, the numbers of 4 packets may be used in turn in the combination of (01,02), (01,03), (01,04), (02,03), (02,04), (03, 04). During dynamic rotation, M capacitor groups can be dynamically selected from the n capacitor groups as enable groups, the groups in the set are not fixed, and M is not a fixed value, as shown in fig. 5, from the whole life cycle of the standby power system 10, the value of M gradually increases to approach the value of n, and finally equals to the value of n-1.

Wherein, M may be less than or equal to n-1, M is the number of enable groups, and n is the total number of capacitor groups. The n may be determined according to the management requirement of the power backup system 10, and may be an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M may be determined according to the current capacity of the group and the capacity required for the backup power operation, for example, the sum of the capacities of the M capacitor groups is greater than the capacity required for the backup power operation.

Through above-mentioned electric capacity grouping mode, can only select the electric capacity grouping quantity of required capacity value at the during operation, other electric capacity groups can be in off-working state to reduce the electric capacity loss, compared with the correlation technique, this embodiment can improve redundant effective utilization. Then, how is the number of capacitor groupings selected for the desired capacity value? I.e. how to determine the above M.

The embodiment mainly determines the M enabling packets in two ways, namely, an initial selection way and a dynamic selection way.

The initial selection mode is to determine the group members according to a balancing strategy after the standby power system 10 is powered on each time, and the balancing strategy may be to select a group with a smaller loss frequency as a member. The dynamic selection mode refers to updating the grouping state at regular intervals when the system works, and re-determining the grouping members according to the equalization strategy when a set condition is met, wherein the set condition can be that the difference value between the grouping charging times and the average loss times is larger than a set threshold value, and the dynamic selection strategy can be that the selection is performed according to the difference value of the loss times from large to small. It can be understood that, the backup capacitors are divided into n groups and used in turn, and the use in turn causes the problem of unbalanced loss, so that, no matter in the initial selection mode or the dynamic selection mode, both the initial selection mode and the dynamic selection mode are based on the idea of the equalization algorithm, the loss can be uniformized, the loss of the capacitor groups is balanced, and the problem that the individual capacitor groups cannot be used in turn due to excessive loss does not occur.

Referring to fig. 6 and fig. 7, a schematic process diagram and a flowchart for grouping capacitors according to the initial selection mode are provided. As shown in fig. 6, after the power backup system 10 is powered on, the capacitor packets are queued, and queued according to the loss times from small to large or from large to small, in fig. 6, queuing is selected according to the mode from small to large, and sequentially queued from the head of the queue to the tail of the queue, the packet at the head of the queue is taken to enter an enable packet set, and each packet includes two attribute values (W) (each packet includes two attribute values (W)_x，C_x)，W_xRepresenting the present capacitance capacity, C, of the packet_xRepresenting the number of losses of the packet. In this embodiment, a packet with a small number of losses is selected as an enabled packet set, and a specific selection process may refer to fig. 7. Wherein, this flow includes: after the standby power system 10 is powered on, acquiring the total capacitance required by the standby power operation; respectively acquiring the capacity of all capacitor groups and the loss times of all capacitor groups; queuing the capacitor groups from small to large according to the loss times of the capacitor groups; listing the capacitor grouping of the queue head as a selection object, and counting the capacity of the selected capacitor grouping into the total capacity of the enabling grouping; judging whether the total capacity of the current enabling grouping is larger than or equal to the threshold capacity, if so, ending the current grouping, opening a switch of the enabling grouping, otherwise, continuing to select a new group of capacitance grouping from the position of the queue head from the queue, and counting the capacitance grouping into the total capacity of the enabling grouping, wherein the capacity of the newly counted capacitance grouping and the capacity of the previously added capacitance groupingAnd the current total capacity of the enabling group, comparing the newly obtained total capacity with the threshold capacity until the obtained total capacity is greater than or equal to the threshold capacity, otherwise repeating the process, and continuing to select a new capacitance group to the enabling group.

The dynamic selection mode is to update the grouping state at intervals when the standby power system 10 works, check whether a set condition is met, and re-determine the grouping members if the set condition is not met.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a schematic process diagram and a flowchart for grouping capacitors according to the dynamic selection method are respectively provided. The setting condition refers to that the difference value between the packet loss times and the average loss times is larger than a setting threshold value, the setting threshold value is an engineering experience value, and the strategy of the dynamic selection mode is to select according to the difference value between the packet loss times and the average loss times from large to small. As shown in fig. 8, the method mainly includes:

s1: calculating the average loss times of the capacitor groups and the difference value between the loss times of each capacitor group and the average loss times;

s2: and respectively queuing the enabled packets and the non-enabled packets according to the calculated difference value, wherein the enabled packets and the non-enabled packets are arranged according to the absolute value of the difference value. Wherein the enabled packet queue is a positive difference permutation and the non-enabled packet queue is a negative difference permutation;

s3: and selecting a new packet for the arranged queue according to the set condition. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the queue head of the non-enabled packet is added to the enabled packet after dequeuing, and then the queue head of the enabled packet is added to the non-enabled packet after dequeuing.

Referring to fig. 9, in this embodiment, triggering the update check refers to that the standby power system 10 manages the standby power lifecycle, generally, periodically updates the grouping state, and needs to check whether there is a case of alternate grouping due to updating of the grouping state. As shown in fig. 9, the process includes: acquiring the average loss times of all capacitor groups after the updating check is triggered; calculating the difference value of each group of capacitors according to the average loss times; queuing the capacitor packets according to the difference value, wherein the queuing comprises the queuing of enabled packets and the queuing of non-enabled packets; judging whether the absolute value of the difference value corresponding to the capacitor grouping of the grouping-enabled queue head is larger than a threshold value or not; if the capacitance value is larger than the threshold value, the capacitance group of the queue head of the non-enabled group is dequeued and is added into the enabled group as the queue tail of the enabled group queue; calculating the total capacity of other capacitance groups except the queue head in the enabling group; judging whether the total capacity is larger than or equal to the total capacity required by work; if the capacity is larger than the total capacity required by the work, the capacitance packet at the head of the queue of the enable packet is shifted out of the enable packet and serves as the tail of the queue of the non-enable packet; and if the absolute value of the difference value corresponding to the capacitor grouping of the queue head enabling grouping is not larger than or equal to the total capacity required by work, skipping to the step of judging whether the absolute value of the difference value corresponding to the capacitor grouping of the queue head enabling grouping is larger than a threshold value. And if the difference value corresponding to the capacitance grouping of the queue head of the enabling grouping is less than or equal to the threshold value, ending the grouping process.

In the embodiment of the invention, the standby capacitors of the standby power system are grouped into the enabling group and the non-enabling group through the capacitance and the loss times, wherein the capacitance grouping number of the enabling group is determined according to the capacitance and the loss times. Through dividing into groups the spare power capacitor to divide into groups and use in turn, not only can improve redundant effective utilization ratio, prolonged the life of spare power system moreover on the whole.

The loss times are related to factors such as working temperature and working duration, and in this embodiment, the loss times may be compensated by adding the temperature loss times based on the actual charge and discharge times, that is, the loss times is the sum of the actual charge and discharge times and the temperature loss times. The temperature loss number refers to the number of times of causing capacitance loss in relation to the operating temperature and the operating time. Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the charging and discharging times, the temperature and the operating time according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 15, the higher the charging and discharging times is, the higher the temperature is, the faster the capacitor attenuation speed is, or the higher the temperature is, the longer the operating time is, the faster the capacitor attenuation speed is, under a certain charging and discharging times, therefore, the operating time can be converted into the charging and discharging times for unified tracking, and in this process, the temperature loss times can be calculated according to the operating time and the conversion coefficient. The conversion coefficient may be a constant derived from a capacitance manual, and may be regarded as a slope in fig. 15 in a simplified view. The relationship between the temperature loss times and the conversion coefficient can be represented by the following formula:

CT＝f1(S)f2(H_cur)

wherein, CT is the temperature loss times, S is the conversion coefficient, and H _ cur is the working duration. S may be a conversion constant between the number of charge and discharge times and the operating time period under a certain condition (e.g., a certain operating temperature). The above CT ═ f1(S) f2(H _ cur) is expressed as a functional relationship, and the number of temperature losses can be calculated by this function.

The temperature loss times can be obtained in the above manner, the obtained temperature loss times and the actual charge and discharge times can be maintained by using a lookup table as shown in fig. 16, and fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a grouping state table provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The grouping state table maintains the actual charging and discharging times, the temperature loss times, the average difference value, the enabling state or the non-enabling state of the capacitor grouping and the current capacity of the capacitor grouping of each group after the capacitors are grouped.

The actual charging and discharging times and the temperature loss times can be used as state data, maintained through a state table, stored in a nonvolatile storage medium, and maintained and updated for a long time.

After the temperature loss number CT is obtained, the loss number C is CR + CT is CR + f1(S) f2(H _ cur), and CR is an actual charge and discharge number that can be obtained by counting according to the actual charge number, which generally refers to charge and discharge operations performed by charging and discharging the system and detecting the capacitance value. As can be seen from the above formula, the number of losses is associated with the operating time length and the conversion coefficient, and the conversion coefficient may be a conversion constant of the number of charges and discharges of the capacitor and the operating time length at a certain operating temperature, so that the number of losses and the temperature may be divided according to a capacitor manual, and different combinations of the regions correspond to different conversion coefficients, which may be referred to in detail in fig. 17, where fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a conversion coefficient lookup table provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 17, under the same number of losses of the capacitor group, the temperatures of different regions and the temperature of the region each include their corresponding conversion coefficients. The conversion coefficient lookup table can be maintained and updated for a long time, and the corresponding conversion coefficient can be directly searched from the table.

The capacitance is a capacitance capacity, which is used to indicate the amount of charge that the capacitor can store. In the present embodiment, the detection of the capacitance capacity is based on the packet detection, and the capacitance of the non-enabled packet is selected as the detection object packet. Therefore, when the capacity is checked, the standby power service can be kept uninterrupted, and the enabling groups can meet the power supply requirement. And if the detection object is in a charging state, namely in a grouping state, replacing the current detection object group with other non-enabled groups, and performing capacitance detection on the detection object after the detection object is switched to the non-enabled state.

Specifically, referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a capacitance detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the principle of the capacitance capacity detection is to discharge a capacitor group as a power supply of the inspection circuit, and observe a voltage change of the inspection circuit at a timing to calculate the capacitance capacity of the capacitor group. The inspection circuit comprises a divider resistor, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a triode and the like. As shown in fig. 10, the selected capacitor bank discharges, the check circuit receives a discharge signal to obtain a voltage, the voltage is transmitted to the controller through the ADC path, and at the same time, when the capacitor bank is ready to discharge, the capacitor detection function of the capacitor bank is enabled and timing is started, the controller is electrically connected to the capacitor bank through the detection enable path, and finally, the controller calculates and obtains the capacitance capacity of the capacitor bank according to the obtained voltage change information in a period of time.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a path selection of a capacitor bank according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment introduces a capacitive grouping redundancy design, and can separately control the grouping state and newly add an open dangling state, i.e. a non-enabled state. As can be seen from the principle of capacitance detection described above, only when a capacitor group is connected to the open state, the capacitor group is considered as a capacitor detection object group. Based on the circuit design, please refer to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a flowchart of capacitance detection of a capacitor bank according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 12, the method of capacitance detection includes: starting capacitance capacity detection; selecting a capacitor detection object group, recording an initial path, and switching to a detection path; starting timing and enabling a capacitance detection function of the capacitance detection object group at the same time, and acquiring and recording initial voltage of the capacitance detection object group; after timing begins, continuously reading the voltage and judging whether the read voltage is equal to a threshold voltage or not; if the read voltage is not equal to the threshold voltage, keeping to continuously read the voltage; if the read voltage is equal to the threshold voltage, stopping timing, calculating the total timing time, closing the capacitance detection function of the capacitance detection object group, and simultaneously switching the capacitance detection object group to an initial access state; and finally, calculating the capacitance capacity of the capacitance detection object group.

The specific process for calculating the capacitance capacity of the capacitance detection object group comprises the following steps: the capacitance capacity of the capacitance detection object group is calculated by the following formula. The formula is:

W＝t/[R*Ln(Vmax/Vth)]

wherein W is the capacitance; t is the initial value Vmax of the discharge detection Vcap voltage, and the total timing time from the discharge to the threshold voltage value Vth; r is a divider resistor; vmax is an initial value of voltage of the capacitance detection object group; vth is the threshold voltage.

As described above, the detection of the capacitance capacity is based on the packet detection, and the non-enabled packet is selected as the detection object packet. When the capacity is checked, it is necessary to keep the enable packet satisfying the power suppliable demand, and the detection object packet must be in a non-enable state.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of capacitance detection on a capacitor bank of a non-enabled bank according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein step 2 includes a process of detecting capacitance after switching to a detection path, and the process may refer to fig. 12.

If the detection object packet is in a charging state, the detection is performed after the detection object packet is replaced by the non-enabled packet, in detail, please refer to fig. 14, wherein step 2_1 includes a process of detecting the capacitance after switching to the detection path, and the process can refer to fig. 12.

The above flow steps can all realize control circulation through program codes.

The number of losses and the capacitance capacity are calculated based on the grouped capacitance groups.

In this embodiment, a theoretical capacitance table is also updated and maintained for a long time, as shown in fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical capacitance table provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and under the same loss frequency of a capacitor group, different regions and temperatures of the regions each include their corresponding theoretical capacitances. The theoretical capacitance capacity table can be maintained and updated for a long time, and the corresponding theoretical capacity can be directly searched and obtained from the table. The current loss times and the operating temperature are obtained in the above manner, and the theoretical capacity is obtained by looking up the maintained theoretical capacity table of the capacitor, as shown in fig. 18, and the partition and the numerical value are only used as examples.

It is known that the above conversion coefficient is a theoretical approximation, and the problem of excessive deviation occurs with time, so that a certain mechanism for correcting the deviation is required. In this embodiment, the conversion coefficient may be corrected according to the detected capacitance capacity and the theoretical capacity. Specifically, the current capacity of the capacitor group is obtained according to the method for detecting the capacity of the capacitor, the deviation between the current capacity and the theoretical capacity is calculated, and when the deviation is a positive number, the conversion coefficient is increased; when the deviation is negative, the conversion coefficient is decreased. The current capacitance capacity is actually detected, the theoretical capacity is obtained by inquiring under loss times and working temperature, and the theoretical logic is that the temperature loss times have deviation due to deviation of the conversion coefficient, and then the theoretical capacity value obtained by inquiring has deviation. So the temperature loss frequency deviation is corrected by reversely adjusting the conversion coefficient.

In this embodiment, a periodic lookup table is also updated and maintained for a long time, as shown in fig. 19, fig. 19 is a periodic lookup representation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. For the same number of losses of a capacitor bank, different regions and the temperature of the region each contain their corresponding check period. The period lookup table can be maintained and updated for a long time, and the corresponding check period is directly looked up from the table. The current wear count and the operating temperature are obtained in the above manner, and the check period is obtained by a maintained period lookup table, as shown in fig. 19, the section and the numerical value thereof are merely examples.

Based on the grouping state table, the conversion coefficient lookup table, the theoretical capacity table, and the period lookup table respectively shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, and 19, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a capacity management method. The capacitor management method is applicable to the power backup system 10, and is specifically executable by the controller in the capacitor bank management module 113, where the controller includes at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, where the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor performs the method based on the capacitance checking unit. The method comprises the following steps:

s11: acquiring a current first capacitance of the plurality of capacitance groups under the condition that a checking period is triggered;

wherein the first capacitance is a current capacitance of each of the plurality of capacitor banks. The obtaining the current first capacitance of the plurality of capacitor banks comprises: acquiring working states of the plurality of capacitor sets, wherein the working states comprise a non-enabled state; when the capacitor bank is in the non-enabled state, acquiring the voltage of the capacitor bank corresponding to the non-enabled state; and calculating the first capacitance of the capacitor bank according to the voltage. The detailed process of obtaining the first capacitance may refer to the above embodiments.

S12: acquiring the loss times of the plurality of capacitor groups;

the loss times include temperature loss times and actual charge and discharge times, and acquiring the loss times of the plurality of capacitor banks includes: acquiring the temperature loss times corresponding to each capacitor bank in the plurality of capacitor banks; acquiring the actual charging and discharging times of each capacitor bank in the plurality of capacitor banks; and calculating the sum of the temperature loss times and the actual charging and discharging times, wherein the sum is the loss times of each capacitor bank.

The temperature loss times can be obtained based on a table look-up of a grouping state table corresponding to fig. 16. The actual charging and discharging times can be obtained by counting according to the actual charging times, which generally refers to charging and discharging operations performed by powering on and powering off the system and detecting the capacitance value.

S13: calculating the average loss times of the plurality of capacitor groups according to the loss times;

s14: obtaining the loss difference value of each capacitor bank according to the loss times and the average loss times;

s15: and when the loss difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, performing grouping equalization alternate use operation according to the capacitor bank of which the loss difference value is larger than the preset threshold value and the first capacitance of the capacitor bank.

Wherein the operating state further comprises an enable state, the method further comprising:

and in the process of acquiring the first capacitance of the capacitor bank corresponding to the non-enabled state, controlling the capacitor bank corresponding to the enabled state to meet the power supply requirement.

It should be noted that, in addition to the above manner, the capacitor group to be grouped, equalized and used in turn may be obtained according to the average loss number and the loss difference, and the capacitor group to be grouped, equalized and used in turn may also be determined in other manners, for example, a capacitor group whose loss number is smaller than a preset threshold is obtained, and the capacitor group is determined as the capacitor group to be grouped, equalized and used in turn; for another example, the mean square error of the plurality of capacitance groups is calculated according to the loss times, and the capacitance group with the mean square error larger than a preset threshold is determined as the capacitance group to be used in turn for grouping equalization. Wherein the threshold value can be obtained according to an empirical value or can be customized by a system.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

acquiring the working temperature of the capacitor bank; acquiring a second capacitance of the capacitor bank according to the working temperature and the loss times; the second capacitance, i.e. the theoretical capacitance, and the detailed process of obtaining the second capacitance can refer to the above embodiment; calculating a capacity deviation of the first capacity and the second capacity; and adjusting the conversion coefficient corresponding to the capacitor bank according to the capacity deviation.

In some embodiments, before performing the step of obtaining the current first capacitance of the plurality of capacitor banks, the method further comprises: and judging whether the check period is triggered.

Wherein the determining whether the check period is triggered comprises:

acquiring the current working temperature of the plurality of capacitor banks;

acquiring the inspection period of each capacitor bank according to the working temperature and the loss times;

acquiring a minimum period in the check periods;

judging whether the minimum period is less than or equal to a timing duration or not;

if so, determining that the check period is triggered, otherwise, not triggering the check period.

The inspection period is an inspection period for curing each capacitor group, and can be obtained by searching the period lookup table through the working temperature and the loss times.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises: obtaining the conversion coefficient of the capacitor bank according to the working temperature and the loss times; calculating the residual working time of the capacitor bank according to the conversion coefficient and the loss times; judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the residual working time and an early warning threshold value is smaller than a preset threshold value or not; wherein the pre-warning threshold is less than or equal to the inspection period; if so, prompting early warning information to prevent abnormal power failure.

The detailed process of the capacitance management method can refer to the above embodiments.

The capacitor management method provided in this embodiment provides a life cycle management method of the standby power system 10 based on the above grouping design and capacitor capacity detection method, and mainly includes grouping capacitor groups according to the number of losses and capacitor capacity for use in turn, so as to improve the redundancy utilization rate. In addition, the residual working time of the capacitor bank is obtained, whether the current capacity of the capacitor bank is enough or not is judged according to the residual working time, and if the current capacity of the capacitor bank is not enough, early warning is carried out, so that the risk of service loss caused by abnormal power failure is reduced.

The grouping state table is an initialization value of the capacitor grouping and comprises actual charging and discharging times, temperature loss times, average difference values, an enabling state and current capacity. The enable state depends on whether the capacitive grouping is enabled. The packet status table is a table that requires periodic maintenance updates in real time. The initial value of the conversion coefficient difference lookup table can obtain the change conditions of the loss times and the capacitance capacity at various temperatures according to a capacitance manual, and an engineering experience value is given. In the operation process, the actual capacitance value is compared with the theoretical capacitance value, and adjustment and updating are carried out. The theoretical capacity table and the period lookup table are all solidified constant tables, and the initial values of the theoretical capacity table and the period lookup table can be given to engineering experience values according to a capacitance manual and loss times and capacity change conditions at various temperatures. The four tables are endowed with initialization values when used for the first time, if the tables are updated, the tables are stored in the nonvolatile memory, and the tables are read and restored to the operating memory each time the system is powered on.

In the capacitor management process, the control circulation is realized through program codes, corresponding information is maintained and tracked through the grouping state table, the conversion coefficient table, the theoretical capacity table and the checking period table which are maintained by the tables, the loss times and the working temperature are used as query indexes, the loss times and the working temperature are partitioned, and the size of a lookup table is reduced. For example, the degree of capacitance attenuation in the loss frequency region can be referred to in fig. 15, and generally according to the principle that the early region is large and the late region is small, such as [0,80000], [80000,90000], [90000,95000], [90000,100000], and the operating temperature generally corresponds to the conventional operating temperature of 40/50/60/70 ℃.

The capacitor management method may be implemented by a program code, and a polling program is introduced, the temperature read by the polling program is used as a working temperature, the minimum period in the current period of all capacitor groups is used as a threshold, a corresponding flowchart is shown in fig. 20, fig. 20 is a flowchart of a capacitor management method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the method mainly includes two parts: checking whether the cycle is satisfied, and checking for relevant operations within the cycle.

The related operations in the checking period mainly comprise grouping the grouped capacitor groups according to the loss times and the capacitor capacity for alternate use, and determining whether to perform early warning on the capacitor capacity according to the remaining working time.

The early warning mechanism of life cycle management is to judge based on the remaining working time, obtain the remaining working time through the state of the power reserve, the state of the power reserve is updated based on the periodicity, the cycle size is determined by the condition of the number of times of loss and working temperature.

And according to periodic state updating, acquiring current loss times and working temperature, acquiring a conversion coefficient through a maintained conversion coefficient lookup table, and calculating the remaining working time length according to the conversion coefficient and the current loss times, wherein H _ rem is f3(S) f4(C), H _ rem is the remaining working time length, S is the conversion coefficient, and C is the loss times. And judging according to the remaining working time, if the remaining working time is close to the early warning threshold, informing the demand party to stop the service work so as to prevent the abnormal power failure from losing the service. The early warning threshold value <, which is a check period, is generally an engineering experience value, for example, the early warning threshold value is 1/2 check period.

It should be noted that, the above H _ rem ═ f3(S) × f4(C) is expressed as a functional relationship, and the embodiment of the present invention does not disclose a specific expansion of the function, which mainly illustrates that the remaining operation time can be obtained through function calculation.

In the embodiment of the invention, the influence of the working temperature and the working time length is introduced, and the influence is converted into the charging and discharging times (temperature loss times), so that the charging and discharging times are unified to one dimension for tracking and recording. The method has the advantages that the residual working time can be obtained by tracking the loss times and combining the working temperature, so that the early warning is effectively realized, and the abnormal power failure loss service is prevented. Wherein the inspection period under different working conditions enhances the real-time performance of the inspection.

It should be noted that the unit for managing the life cycle of the capacitor according to the embodiment of the present invention is a unit formed by grouping the capacitors after the grouping.

The standby power system 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes grouping of standby power capacitors, and not only can the effective utilization rate of redundancy be improved, but also the service life of the standby power is prolonged in an integral angle through grouping and alternate use; when the standby power is checked, the standby power enabling state is kept, and the object of checking the capacity is a non-enabling group, namely, the situation that when the capacity of the capacitor bank is detected, a standby power path does not need to be disconnected is avoided, so that the service loss caused by insufficient power supply during the capacity checking is prevented; in the process of capacitor management, the working time length factor at the working temperature is considered, the loss brought by the working time length factor is normalized to the charging and discharging times, namely the loss times, and the residual working time length is predicted through the loss times, so that the standby power system has a prediction and early warning function, and the risk of service loss caused by insufficient power supply in the inspection period can be effectively prevented.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a capacitor management device, which can be applied to the above power backup system 10, where the power backup system includes a plurality of capacitor banks, and the capacitor management device includes: the device comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module, a calculation module, a third acquisition module and a processing module. The first acquisition module is used for acquiring the current first capacitance of the plurality of capacitance groups under the condition that a check period is triggered; the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the loss times of the plurality of capacitor banks; the calculation module is used for calculating the average loss times of the plurality of capacitor groups according to the loss times; the third obtaining module is used for obtaining the loss difference value of each capacitor bank according to the loss times and the average loss times; the processing module is used for executing grouping alternate use operation according to the capacitor bank with the loss difference value larger than the preset threshold value and the first capacitance of the capacitor bank when the loss difference value is larger than the preset threshold value.

It should be noted that the capacitance management apparatus can execute the capacitance management method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in the embodiments of the capacitance management device, reference may be made to the capacitance management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the enable packet is to cover the maximum capacitance requirement. In actual service, the demand is not always kept the maximum, so that the capacitor management technology is further optimized, and the standby power demand is dynamically adjusted. In the process of adjusting the standby power demand, certain time overhead is provided, and in the process of switching the states of the capacitor banks, if power failure occurs, the standby power demand cannot meet the service requirement, so that the service loss problem is caused. Or, in the process of switching the states of the capacitor banks, the time overhead may block the service, thereby affecting the continuity of the service, resulting in service loss or performance degradation.

In view of this, the following embodiments provide a capacitance switching management method, which mainly adds a traffic volume adjustment region, where the traffic volume adjustment region is used as a service active region when a service changes to adjust a standby power, so as to ensure that the service is continuously performed, and at this time, a power failure can also ensure that the service is not lost. In addition, the optimal number of the groups of the closeable standby power can be obtained, the service efficiency of the standby power is improved, and the service life of the whole standby power is prolonged.

In this embodiment, when discussing the implementation of the technology, for convenience of description, the standby power and the traffic are abstracted, that is, a certain standby power is used to complete a certain number of services. For example, in a solid state disk, data of 20MB is written into a nonvolatile memory with a capacity of 100 mF. The above is only an example, and in the specific design, there is a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the capacitance and the traffic, and the relationship is calculated or obtained by experiment according to the power consumption and the operation time of the system. The reasonable matching of the standby power and the service volume is realized through the capacitor switching management method.

In the capacitor switching management method, the service time of the whole standby power is prolonged by managing the on or off of the capacitor. The standby power function is to store data in the volatile memory into the nonvolatile memory, and abstract the standby power and the traffic (i.e., the data amount in the volatile memory), as shown in fig. 21, it is equivalent to divide the service area (i.e., the volatile memory) into an active area and an inactive area by tracking the traffic configuration or setting a threshold, where the active area is an area where the traffic frequently reaches, and its corresponding standby power packet 0 remains on, and when the power is abnormally turned off, the standby power packet 0 serves as a power supply to complete the storage of all the traffic in the active area into the nonvolatile memory system, and the inactive area is an area where the traffic does not reach, and its corresponding standby power packet 1 remains off. The standby power redundancy group is used for performing redundancy replacement and supplement on the whole standby power group due to aging, faults and the like. When a preset condition is met (for example, the traffic configuration changes or the traffic reaches a threshold), the active area and the inactive area are triggered to change, and then the corresponding backup capacitors are adjusted to be turned on or off.

The redundancy replacement process of the backup power redundancy group can refer to the process of alternately using the capacitor groups in the above embodiment. The supplement to the backup power redundancy group is to partition the grouped capacitor groups and to alternately replace the backup power capacitor groups based on the partitions, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention.

The partitions comprise an active area, a regulation area and an inactive area, specifically, the cache for carrying the service is correspondingly divided into three partitions, each partition comprises a corresponding capacitor bank, and the capacitor banks are used for writing the service in the corresponding areas into the nonvolatile memory when the power is down. For example, as shown in fig. 22, when there is traffic in Buffer0, if power is lost at this time, the

capacitor bank

0,1 is needed as power supply to complete the traffic. Wherein, when the service range is in Buffer0, the

capacitor group

0,1 is used as the power source when power is off, and at the same time, the

capacitor group

2, 3 is used as the spare area. When the traffic continues to increase and exceeds the traffic handling size of Buffer0, the

capacitive grouping

4, 5 is required to be turned on as a new spare area for ensuring the normal operation of the traffic.

In this embodiment, the determining the capacitance groups corresponding to the active region, the adjustment region and the inactive region specifically includes: acquiring a first number of capacitor groups corresponding to the inactive area; acquiring switching overhead time of the first number of capacitor banks; acquiring a second number of capacitor groups corresponding to the adjusting area according to the switching overhead time; and acquiring a third number of the capacitor groups corresponding to the active area according to the first number and the second number.

The first number is the number of capacitor banks in the inactive area, which can be maximized to obtain the maximum number of standby power that can be turned off as the first number. The switching overhead time of the first number of capacitor banks, i.e. the time required for the capacitor banks of the inactive region to switch from a closed state to an open state, i.e. the charging time described below, may be obtained according to fig. 23. After the overhead time is obtained, calculating the product of the overhead time and the writing speed, wherein the product corresponds to the size of a buffer area, calculating the required electric quantity when the service of the size of the buffer area is written into a nonvolatile memory, and calculating the required capacitance according to the electric quantity, wherein the capacitance is the capacitance of the adjusting area. The capacitance capacity is a total capacitance capacity of the conditioning area, a capacity of a single capacitor bank in the conditioning area is obtained, and the total capacitance capacity is divided by the capacity of the single capacitor bank to obtain a number of capacitor banks of the conditioning area, which is the second number. It is noted that the number of capacitor groups corresponding to the inactive area is a first number, the number of capacitor groups corresponding to the adjustment area is a second number, and the number of capacitor groups of the active area, that is, the third number, can be obtained by subtracting the first number and the second number from the total number of capacitor groups.

Specifically, referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of determining a capacitance grouping for a partition according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the size of a service adjustment area corresponding to the switching overhead is obtained according to the switching overhead time and the traffic rate of the object capacitor packet, and then the size of a service activity area or a switching threshold is calculated; meanwhile, the switching frequency is monitored, the number of object capacitor groups is adjusted, and the size of an active area or a switching threshold value is changed; when the writing amount is smaller than the switching threshold value, for example, when the traffic amount is increased, the opening capacitance grouping can be reduced, otherwise, the opening standby capacitance grouping is increased.

As shown in fig. 22, in addition to the active area and the inactive area, a regulation area is added, and the regulation area is used as a service active area to ensure that the service is continuously performed when the standby power is adjusted due to a change in service, and the power failure can also ensure that the service is not lost. The size of the adjustment region may be determined according to the overhead time and the traffic rate of the capacitor packet corresponding to the open inactive region. And the capacitance group corresponding to the inactive area is the object capacitance group. An active area is an area where traffic often arrives, and its corresponding standby power packet remains on. The inactive area refers to an area where traffic occasionally arrives, and the corresponding standby power remains off.

When the regulation area is increased, the problem of the optimal value of the number of the standby power which can be closed, namely the problem of reasonable division of the area, needs to be solved. The size of the inactive area, i.e. the number of standby power supplies, can be turned off, which affects the size of the switching overhead, i.e. the size of the regulation area, while the overall service area is determined (subject to factors such as the total standby power capacity), which further affects the size of the service active area. That is, the service area and the backup power amount correspond to each other one by one, and the service area is determined, that is, the backup power demand division can be determined, and the backup power groups are managed.

Since the capacitor group needs to be charged and needs a certain time to open, the adjustment region needs to have a larger margin, and the margin condition is that the write time is greater than or equal to the time of the capacitor group corresponding to the inactive region, as shown in fig. 22, i.e. T is T_w>＝T_cThat is, when the write quantity exceeds the threshold value and the write exceeds the bottom position of the protected active area, the capacitor group corresponding to the unprotected inactive area must be opened.

As shown in fig. 22, the maximum writing speed is Vmax, the maximum number of capacitor groups is Y ═ O + P + Q, and O, P, Q correspond to the capacitor groups of the active region, the adjustment region, and the inactive region, respectively. The maximum service area Buffer size is BSmax, the active area Buffer0 size is BS0, the regulation area Buffer1 size is BS1, the inactive area Buffer2 size is BS2, and T_cThe overhead time is switched for Q capacitors in groups, and the maximum service rate is Vmax and T_wWhen the BS1 is full at maximum rate, then BS1 is Vmax T_w>＝Vmax*T_cI.e. the minimum value BS1min Vmax T of BS1_cThe required capacitance is L, P ═ L/W]Wherein W is the capacity of the grouping capacitor]For the rounding calculation, at least P packets are required to protect the regulation zone Buffer 1. Further derived, BS0max BSmax-BS2-BS1min, corresponding to O<Y-Q-P, then, the number of closures Q corresponding to the inactive region<Y-O-P。

By the back-stepping method, assuming the inactive area maximum value, the switching threshold Th is 0, the active area BS is 0, O is 0, and Q is Y-P.

Further, setting the number of switchable capacitor groups to Q, and extrapolating whether an active region greater than 0(Th >0, BS0>0) is true (the system will only work if the active region is greater than 0), if so, then Q is available, otherwise, Q is not available. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

the maximum Buffer value BSmax corresponding to Y packets is obtained, the target number of closed packets is set to Qmax, where Th is 0, BS0 is 0, O is 0, and Q is Y-P.

Calculating the size of BS1max of Q-Y-P condition areas according to the standby power proportion, namely BS 1- ((Y-Q)/Y) -BSmax;

calculating BS1> Vmax Tc from the amount of writing, Vmax being the maximum writing speed, Tc being the time required for Q packets to be turned on; (Y-Q)/Y) BSmax > Vmax Tc; assuming that Q is 0, BSmax > Vmax Tc, the basic conditions for obtaining a capacitance that can be closed are: the maximum area corresponding to a service must be greater than the product of the maximum service rate and at least one packet switching overhead;

BS0>0, i.e. BS0 ═ BSmax-BS2-Vmax Tc ═ BSmax- (1-P/Y) BSmax-Vmax Tc ═ (P/Y) BSmax-Vmax Tc >0, BSmax > (Y/P) Vmax Tc, then the basic conditions under which the closing of the capacitor can be carried out are further: the maximum area corresponding to the service is larger than Y/P times of the product of the maximum service rate and Q packet switching overhead;

at this time, Th ═ P/Y ═ BSmax-Vmax · Tc;

after the above conditions are met, the flag can close Q capacitor groups; otherwise the flag may not turn off Q capacitive packets.

It will be appreciated that the Q value (i.e. the number of switchable capacitor banks set) is inversely related to the switching threshold Th, as shown in figures 24 and 25, with a larger Q, a larger regulation zone, resulting in a smaller activity zone. Th is again related to the variation of the writing amount, the larger Th, the larger the active area, the higher the traffic performance, and the lower the switching frequency. Obviously, the larger Q, the higher the backup power utilization. Therefore, it is significant that the number of the standby capacitor groups is in an optimal proportion, namely the number of the standby capacitor groups can be closed to be in an optimal value.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 26, the capacitance switching management method includes:

s21: initializing, namely evaluating the number of closeable areas from 1, obtaining the maximum number of closeable areas as Qmax, obtaining the size of an inactive area, the size of a regulation area and the size of an active area (namely the size of a switching threshold Th 1) corresponding to each Q value;

s22, configuring the standby power groups according to the input Q value and setting the size of the active area;

s23, controlling the state of the closable capacitor group according to the size of the active area to obtain the output switching frequency;

s24, circulating operation, comparing the switching frequency with a frequency threshold Th2, inquiring a policy table to judge whether to adjust the Q value, if so, repeating S23 after the step S22; otherwise S23 is repeated directly.

Wherein Q > 0. The policy table may refer to a policy table as shown in fig. 26.

The capacitor switching management method solves the problem of area division, and obtains the optimal number of the switchable backup capacitors.

When the region is divided, an initial optimal configuration can be determined, and then the optimal configuration can be adjusted in real time.

Wherein the determining an initial optimal configuration comprises: the amount of shut-down standby power for the inactive area is maximized. The maximizing the number of the standby power which can be closed in the inactive area comprises the following steps: sequentially increasing the capacitance of the standby power capacitor from the minimum value until the active area is not more than 0, and calculating to obtain the number of the standby power which can be closed; according to the switching cost of the number of the standby power which can be closed, the number of the standby power which is correspondingly opened in the adjusting area is calculated; and subtracting the number of the standby power which can be closed and the number of the standby power which is correspondingly opened in the adjusting area from the number of the standby power which corresponds to the maximum area, thereby obtaining the number of the standby power which is correspondingly opened in the active area.

The adjusting the optimal configuration in real time comprises: and after the optimal configuration is obtained, continuously monitoring the real-time service, if the non-active area is closed all the time, determining that the active area is too large, the non-active area is too small, the number of the standby power for closing is too small, and at the moment, reconfiguring and monitoring can be carried out by continuously increasing the non-active area until the closing and opening frequency of the non-active area meets the target, and determining that the area division is reasonable and meets the service requirement. If the non-active area is opened all the time or is frequently switched on and off, the situation that the active area is too small to meet the service requirement is judged, at the moment, the non-active area can be continuously reduced, and the area is determined to be reasonably divided until the frequency of the switch of the non-active area meets the target, so that the service requirement is met.

The capacitor switching management method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the standby power system 10. The detailed process of grouping the backup capacitors and the detailed process of capacitance detection can refer to the above embodiments.

In this embodiment, the method further includes obtaining a charging time, where the charging time is a charging time of the capacitor by the capacitor group. As shown in fig. 23, the charging time is obtained by monitoring the voltage change of the capacitor bank, so as to calculate the charging time of the capacitor bank. The process of monitoring the voltage change of the capacitor bank can refer to the capacitor detection process.

According to the capacitor switching management method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the size of a service regulation area corresponding to switching overhead is obtained according to the switching overhead time and the traffic rate of object capacitor grouping, and then the size of a service activity area or a switching threshold value is calculated; the number of object capacitor groups is adjusted by monitoring the switching frequency, so that the size of an active area or a switching threshold value is changed; and when the writing amount is smaller than the switching threshold value, namely the traffic amount is increased, reducing the opening capacitance grouping, otherwise, increasing the opening capacitance grouping. Different from the prior art, on one hand, under different service conditions, the optimal number of the standby power which can be turned off can be obtained, so that the effective use of the standby power is improved, and the service life of the standby power is prolonged in the whole angle; on the other hand, in the process of adjusting the quantity of the standby power, the service is supported to be continuously carried out or the risk of service loss caused by abnormal power failure in the process can be prevented.

As shown in fig. 27, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a capacitance switching management device, and fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the capacitance switching management device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 27, the method specifically includes: the device comprises an area dividing module, a capacitance group dividing module and a capacitance group switching module.

The area division module is used for dividing the cache corresponding to the business activity into an active area, a regulation area and an inactive area. The capacitance group dividing module is configured to determine, according to the plurality of capacitance groups, capacitance groups corresponding to the active region, the adjustment region, and the inactive region, where the capacitance groups corresponding to the active region and the adjustment region are kept in an on state, and the capacitance groups corresponding to the inactive region are kept in an off state. The capacitance group switching module is used for monitoring the states of the active area and the inactive area and adaptively adjusting the number of capacitance groups corresponding to the active area, the regulation area and the inactive area so as to enable the capacitance provided by the active area to meet the requirements of services.

Specifically, the capacitance group division module includes an evaluation unit and a configuration unit.

Wherein the evaluation unit is configured to: calculating the switching overhead time of the input number of capacitor groups, calculating the corresponding inactive area, and adjusting the area size and the active area size (namely the switching threshold); and judging whether the input quantity is feasible or not according to whether the size of the active area meets the condition or not. I.e. the concrete implementation unit of the above proposed back-stepping method.

The configuration unit is configured to: the number of the closable capacitor sets is set, and the size of the active area is configured.

The capacitance group switching module comprises a monitoring unit and an adjusting unit.

Wherein the monitoring unit is configured to: the traffic writing amount and the inactive area switching state are monitored, and the inactive area switching frequency Feq is counted, where Feq is set to 0 as the inactive area is always turned on, and Fmax (for example, equal to 0xFFFFFFFF) is set to the inactive area is always turned off.

The adjusting unit is used for: and when the set condition is met, performing the capacitor bank state control operation. For example, acquiring real-time traffic of a service; comparing the real-time traffic with a first threshold, and starting a capacitor bank corresponding to the inactive area when the real-time traffic is greater than the first threshold; and when the real-time traffic is less than or equal to the first threshold, closing the capacitor bank corresponding to the inactive area. The first threshold value may be set based on an empirical value.

The capacitor switching management device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the capacitor switching management method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For details of the capacitor switching management apparatus, reference may be made to the capacitor switching management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a solid state disk which comprises the power backup system, and the capacitor management method and the capacitor switching management method can be executed based on the power backup system. The solid state disk provided by the embodiment of the invention not only can be used for grouping the grouped capacitor banks in turn, thereby improving the redundancy utilization rate, reducing the risk of service loss caused by insufficient power supply and improving the integrity of the service of the solid state disk; and the service life of the solid state disk can be prolonged.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A capacitance switching management method is applied to a standby power system, the standby power system comprises a plurality of capacitance groups, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the capacitance groups corresponding to the active region, the conditioning region, and the inactive region comprises:

acquiring a first number of capacitor groups corresponding to the inactive area;

acquiring switching overhead time of the first number of capacitor banks;

acquiring a second number of capacitor groups corresponding to the adjusting area according to the switching overhead time;

and acquiring a third number of the capacitor groups corresponding to the active area according to the first number and the second number.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the second number of capacitor banks corresponding to the adjustment zone according to the switching overhead time comprises:

acquiring the maximum operation speed of the service;

calculating the capacitance capacity required by the adjusting area according to the switching overhead time and the maximum operation speed;

and calculating a second number of capacitor groups corresponding to the regulating area according to the capacitance capacity.

4. The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the monitoring the status of the active area and the inactive area, and adaptively adjusting the capacitance groups corresponding to the active area, the conditioning area, and the inactive area comprises:

acquiring real-time service volume of a service;

comparing the real-time traffic with a first threshold, and starting a capacitor bank corresponding to the inactive area when the real-time traffic is greater than the first threshold; and when the real-time traffic is less than or equal to the first threshold, closing the capacitor bank corresponding to the inactive area.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

detecting a switch state of the inactive region;

inquiring a policy table according to the switch state of the inactive area;

and adjusting the number of the capacitor sets corresponding to the inactive area according to the policy table.

6. A capacitance switching management device is applied to a standby power system, the standby power system comprises a plurality of capacitance groups, and the capacitance switching management device is characterized by comprising:

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the capacitance group partitioning module is specifically configured to:

acquiring switching overhead time of the first number of capacitor banks;

8. The apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the capacitance group switching module is specifically configured to:

acquiring real-time service volume of a service;

9. A power backup system, comprising: a standby power management device and a power management device;

at least one processor, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the capacitance switching management method of any of claims 1 to 5.

10. A solid state disk, comprising: the power backup system of claim 9.