CN113759492A - Side supporting structure and side supporting device of large-diameter reflector - Google Patents
Side supporting structure and side supporting device of large-diameter reflector Download PDFInfo
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- CN113759492A CN113759492A CN202111088703.0A CN202111088703A CN113759492A CN 113759492 A CN113759492 A CN 113759492A CN 202111088703 A CN202111088703 A CN 202111088703A CN 113759492 A CN113759492 A CN 113759492A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a side support structure of a large-caliber reflector, which comprises at least one stage of beam for forming a Whiffletree structure, and a lever, a support rod and a connecting rod which are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the first stage of beam; the middle of the last-stage cross beam is rotatably connected with a rack below the reflector, two ends of the first-stage cross beam are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding connecting rod through a ball pin pair, the other end of each connecting rod is connected with one end of the corresponding lever through a ball pin pair, the other end of each lever is connected with one end of the corresponding supporting rod through a ball surface pair, the other end of each supporting rod is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector through a ball pin pair, and the middle of each lever is rotatably connected with the rack. The invention also discloses a side supporting device comprising the side supporting structure. By using the side supporting structure and the side supporting device of the large-caliber reflecting mirror, the Whiffletree structure can be placed on the inner side below the reflecting mirror, the side external space is not occupied, and the structural size is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space and space flight, in particular to a side support structure of a large-caliber reflector.
Background
The reflector of the large-aperture telescope is the most critical element, the supporting structure of the reflector is divided into a bottom support part and a side support part, the two parts bear the gravity components of the reflector in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively, and only 3 degrees of freedom are restrained respectively, so that the reflector can meet the requirements of kinematic positioning but not be restrained.
The support is generally divided into an active support and a passive support, the active support is that the support force is actively controlled by a force actuator, the passive support is not provided with an active element, the support force is a restraint support reaction force, and support points are required to be increased in order to reduce the mirror surface deformation of the reflector under the action of gravity. The active support system is complex and is usually used for mirrors with a caliber of more than 4 m.
At present, a passive side supporting structure of a primary mirror of a large-caliber telescope is generally push-pull type supporting and is generally realized by a balance weight or hydraulic pressure, but the push-pull type side supporting needs to be correspondingly provided with a positioning mechanism. The Whiffletree structure is passively supported, the Whiffletree can expand the number of supporting points under the condition of meeting 3-point constraint, and the supporting effect is good. However, the Whiffletree structure can only be applied to the bottom support because the space of the side support is very limited, and the Whiffletree structure is not applied to the side support.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problem that the whisfletree structure is difficult to be applied to the side support of the large-aperture reflector due to space limitation is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide a side support structure of a large diameter mirror, which is configured to effectively solve the problem that the whitefletree structure is difficult to be applied to a side support of the large diameter mirror due to space limitation, and a second object of the present invention is to provide a side support apparatus of a large diameter mirror including the side support structure.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a side support structure of a large-caliber reflector comprises at least one stage of beam for forming a Whiffletree structure, and a lever, a support rod and a connecting rod which are respectively arranged at two ends of the first stage of beam correspondingly; the middle of the beam of the last stage is rotatably connected with a rack below the reflector, two ends of the beam of the first stage are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding connecting rod through a ball pin pair, the other end of each connecting rod is connected with one end of the corresponding lever through a ball pin pair, the other end of each lever is connected with one end of the corresponding supporting rod through a spherical pair, the other end of each supporting rod is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector through a ball pin pair, and the middle of each lever is rotatably connected with the rack.
Preferably, in the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector, the middle of the beam at the last stage is connected to the frame through a flexible bearing or a ball bearing.
Preferably, in the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector, the middle of the lever is connected to the frame through a flexible bearing or a ball bearing.
Preferably, in the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector, the frame includes a mirror chamber and a support fixedly connected to the mirror chamber, the middle of the first-stage cross beam is rotatably connected to the mirror chamber, and the middle of the lever is rotatably connected to the support.
Preferably, in the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector, the first-stage beam and the connecting rod are connected by a ball-pin pair through a flexible hinge.
Preferably, in the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector, two ends of the lever are respectively connected with the support rod and the spherical pair or the spherical pin pair of the connection rod through flexible hinges.
Preferably, in the side supporting structure of the large-aperture reflector, the side supporting structure includes a first-stage beam, two ends of the beam are respectively and correspondingly provided with the lever, the supporting rod and the connecting rod, and the middle of the beam is rotatably connected with the frame.
Preferably, the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector comprises at least two stages of the beams, and two ends of the beam of the next stage are respectively rotatably connected with the middle of the corresponding beam of the previous stage.
The side support structure of the large-caliber reflector provided by the invention comprises a lever, a support rod, a connecting rod and at least one stage of cross beam. Wherein, the crossbeams at all levels are connected in sequence to form a Whiffletree structure, and the middle of the crossbeam at the last level is rotationally connected with the frame below the reflector. The two ends of the first-stage cross beam are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding connecting rod through a ball pin pair, the other end of each connecting rod is connected with one end of the corresponding lever through a ball pin pair, the other end of each lever is connected with one end of the corresponding supporting rod through a spherical pair, the other end of each supporting rod is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector through a ball pin pair, and the middle of each lever is rotatably connected with the rack.
Compared with the traditional Whiffletree structure, the side support structure of the large-caliber reflector provided by the invention has the advantages that the lever is additionally arranged between the first-stage beam and the reflector to change a force transmission path, so that the Whiffletree structure can be placed on the back of the reflector, and the side space occupation is reduced. And through the setting of the respective connection structures at the two ends of the supporting rod, the two ends of the lever and the two ends of the connecting rod, the side support structure still meets the kinematics principle, the multipoint support effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the side support structure has the advantage of kinematics positioning without an additional positioning mechanism. In conclusion, by adopting the side support structure, the limitation of the limited side space of the large-caliber reflector is overcome, and the Whiffletree-type multipoint support can be applied to the side support of the large-caliber reflector.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention further provides a side support apparatus for a large-caliber reflector, which includes three sets of side support structures of any one of the large-caliber reflectors. Since the side support structure of the large-caliber reflecting mirror has the technical effects, the side support device of the large-caliber reflecting mirror with the side support structure of the large-caliber reflecting mirror also has the corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a side support structure of a large aperture mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the components of the side support structure.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the device comprises a first-stage beam 1, a second-stage beam 2, a flexible bearing 3, a mirror chamber 4, a reflector 5, a support rod 6, a lever 7, a support 8, a connecting rod 9, a spherical pair 10, a spherical pin pair 11 and a side support structure A.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a side support structure and a side support device of a large-caliber reflector, which aim to reduce the occupation of the external space of the side surface.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a side support structure of a large aperture reflector according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 1.
In one embodiment, the side support structure of the large-aperture reflector provided by the invention comprises a lever 7, a support rod 6, a connecting rod 9 and at least one stage of beam.
Wherein, the crossbeams at different levels are connected in sequence to form a Whiffletree structure, the two ends of the first-level crossbeam 1 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a lever 7, a support rod 6 and a connecting rod 9, and the middle of the last-level crossbeam is rotatably connected with a rack positioned below the reflector 5. It should be noted that, the crossbeams at all levels are connected in sequence to form a whisfletree structure, and when only one level of crossbeam is provided, the first level of crossbeam 1 and the last level of crossbeam are the same crossbeam, that is, two ends of the crossbeam are respectively and correspondingly provided with a lever 7, a support rod 6 and a connecting rod 9, and the middle of the crossbeam is rotatably connected with the rack. Meanwhile, the condition that at least two stages of beams are provided is also included, the first-stage beam 1 and the last-stage beam are different beams, and two ends of the next-stage beam are respectively and rotatably connected with the middle of the corresponding previous-stage beam, so that a multi-stage Whiffletree structure is formed. It should be noted that the middle of the beam refers to the center of the beam.
In fig. 4, a two-stage whifflette structure formed by two-stage beams is illustrated as an example. The two-stage beam comprises two first-stage beams 1, wherein two ends of each first-stage beam 1 are correspondingly provided with a lever 7, a support rod 6 and a connecting rod 9 respectively, and two ends of each second-stage beam 2 are rotatably connected with the middle of the corresponding first-stage beam 1 respectively. The number of stages of the cross beam can be specifically set according to the requirements of supporting force and the like. If the three-stage cross beam needs to be expanded, the three-stage cross beam correspondingly comprises a third-stage cross beam, two second-stage cross beams 2 and four first-stage cross beams 1. Wherein, the both ends of third level crossbeam are connected with the centre rotation of the second level crossbeam 2 that corresponds respectively, and the respective both ends of two second level crossbeams 2 then are connected with the centre rotation of the first level crossbeam 1 that corresponds respectively.
Two ends of the first-stage beam 1 are respectively connected with one end of a corresponding connecting rod 9 through a ball pin pair 11, the other end of each connecting rod 9 is connected with one end of a corresponding lever 7 through a ball pin pair 11, the other end of each lever 7 is connected with one end of a corresponding supporting rod 6 through a spherical pair 10, the other end of each supporting rod 6 is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector 5 through a ball pin pair 11, and the middle of each lever 7 is rotatably connected with the frame. Namely, two ends of the first-stage cross beam 1 are respectively connected with the corresponding connecting rods 9 in a ball pin pair 11. One end of each connecting rod 9 is respectively connected with the first-stage cross beam 1, the other end of each connecting rod is respectively connected with the corresponding lever 7, and the connecting mode of the connecting rods 9 and the levers 7 is a ball pin pair 11. One end of each lever 7 is respectively connected with a connecting rod 9, the other end of each lever is respectively connected with a corresponding supporting rod 6, and the connecting mode is a spherical pair 10. One end of each support rod 6 is respectively connected with a lever 7, the other end of each support rod is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector 5 in a ball pin pair 11 mode, and the middle of each lever 7 is rotatably connected with the rack.
The left end and the right end of the first-stage beam 1 are respectively used for explaining, the left end of the first-stage beam 1 is connected with one end of a connecting rod 9 through a ball pin pair 11, the other end of the connecting rod 9 is connected with one end of a lever 7 through the ball pin pair 11, the other end of the lever 7 is connected with one end of a supporting rod 6 through a spherical pair 10, the other end of the supporting rod 6 is connected with the side surface of the reflector 5 through the ball pin pair 11, and the middle of the lever 7 is rotatably connected with the rack. The right end and the left end of the first-stage cross beam 1 are arranged in the same manner. It should be noted that the middle of the lever 7 refers to the center of the lever 7, and since it is rotatably connected to the frame, a fulcrum is formed about which the lever 7 can rotate. And based on the mechanics principle of Whiffletree, the support bars 6 of each group of Whiffletree provide the same support force and are parallel to each other. This achieves both an increase in the number of support points, a weight dispersion of the mirror 5 and a reduction in the deformation of the mirror 5. By providing three sets of such side support structures on the side of the mirror 5, effective constraint of three degrees of freedom of the mirror 5 can be achieved. The other three degrees of freedom of the mirror 5 can be constrained by axial support.
Specifically, the support rod 6 and the connecting rod 9 are transversely arranged, and the lever 7 is longitudinally connected in front of the support rod and the connecting rod, so that the cross beams at all levels are arranged below the reflector 5.
Compared with the traditional Whiffletree structure, the side support structure of the large-caliber reflector provided by the invention has the advantages that the lever 7 is additionally arranged between the first-stage beam 1 and the reflector 5, the force transmission path is changed, the Whiffletree structure can be placed on the back of the reflector 5, and the side space occupation is reduced. And through the arrangement of respective connecting structures at the two ends of the supporting rod 6, the two ends of the lever 7 and the two ends of the connecting rod 9, the side supporting structure still meets the kinematics principle, the multipoint supporting effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the side supporting structure has the advantage of kinematics positioning without an additional positioning mechanism. In conclusion, by adopting the side support structure, the limitation of the limited side space of the large-caliber reflector is overcome, and the Whiffletree-type multipoint support can be applied to the side support of the large-caliber reflector.
Specifically, the middle of the last-stage cross beam is connected with the frame through a flexible bearing 3. The flexible bearing 3 can be regarded as a rotary pair, and the bearing size of the flexible bearing can be selected according to requirements. Or, according to the requirement, the last-stage cross beam and the frame can be connected through a traditional ball bearing.
For the rotary connection between the crossbeams at different levels, namely, the two ends of the crossbeam at the next level are respectively connected with the middle of the corresponding crossbeam at the previous level in a rotary manner, the crossbeams at the next level can also be connected through flexible bearings, the flexible bearings can also be regarded as revolute pairs, the form of the revolute pairs is the same as that of the flexible bearings 3 connected with the crossbeam at the last level and the rack, and the specific bearing size can be distinguished according to requirements.
For the rotational connection of the lever 7 to the frame, the middle of the lever 7 may be connected to the frame in particular by means of a flexible bearing. The flexible bearing 3 here can also be regarded as a revolute pair, which has the same form as the flexible bearing 3 of the last-stage beam-frame connection.
In order to facilitate the connection of the lever 7 and the rack, the rack comprises a mirror chamber 4 and a bracket 8 fixedly connected with the mirror chamber 4, the middle of the first-stage beam 1 is rotatably connected with the mirror chamber 4, and the middle of the lever 7 is rotatably connected with the bracket 8. I.e. by providing a bracket 8 fixedly connected to the mirror housing 4 for mounting the lever 7. The specific shapes of the mirror chamber 4 and the support 8 can be set according to the needs, and are not limited herein. In the case of mirror housing 4 that is suitable for direct mounting of lever 7, it is also possible to connect lever 7 directly in a rotatable manner to mirror housing 4 without a support 8.
The connection relationship between the first-stage beam 1 and the connecting rod 9 is a ball-and-pin pair 11, which can be realized by a flexible hinge, that is, the ball-and-pin pair 11, that is, a universal joint connection, is realized by a flexible hinge at the end of the connecting rod 9.
One end of the lever 7 is connected with the connecting rod 9, the other end is connected with the supporting rod 6, and the connection relationship between the lever 7 and the supporting rod 6 is a spherical pair 10. The connection relationship between the lever 7 and the support rod 6 is a spherical pair 10, and the spherical pair 10 can be realized by a flexible hinge. The other end of the support rod 6 is connected with the side surface of the reflector 5, the connection relationship is a ball pin pair 11, and particularly, the ball pin pair 11 on the side surface of the reflector 5 is realized between the tail end of the support rod 6 and the side surface of the reflector 5 in a flexible hinge mode.
The ball pin pair 11 and the spherical pair 10 may be implemented by other conventional structures in the prior art, not limited to the flexible hinge and the like described above, as required.
Based on the side support structure of the large-caliber reflecting mirror provided in the above embodiment, the invention also provides a side support device of the large-caliber reflecting mirror, which comprises three groups of side support structures of any one of the large-caliber reflecting mirrors in the above embodiments. Since the side supporting device of the large-caliber reflecting mirror adopts the side supporting structure of the large-caliber reflecting mirror in the above embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment for the beneficial effect of the side supporting device of the large-caliber reflecting mirror.
The side supports primarily serve to take the weight of the mirror 5 in the condition that the mirror 5 is leveled. Through setting up three group's side bearing structure, cooperate jointly from the speculum 5 not equidirectional side to effectively support it, every group side supports all adopts the structure in any embodiment above. The support effect of multi-point support is guaranteed, and the advantage of kinematic positioning is achieved. Simultaneously, through reasonable increase lever mechanism, will pass power the route and effectively conduct whitefletree structure to, whitefletree structure can be placed at speculum 5 below inboard, does not occupy the side exterior space, has reduced the structure size.
In addition, the side support provided by the invention can be effectively used for a large-caliber reflector, and specifically can refer to the reflector 5 with the caliber of more than 1 m.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A side support structure of a large-caliber reflector is characterized by comprising at least one stage of beam for forming a Whiffletree structure, and a lever (7), a support rod (6) and a connecting rod (9) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the beam of the first stage in a corresponding way; the middle of the beam of the last stage is rotatably connected with a rack below the reflector (5), two ends of the beam of the first stage are respectively connected with one corresponding ends of the connecting rods (9) through ball pin pairs (11), the other end of each connecting rod (9) is connected with one corresponding end of the lever (7) through the ball pin pair (11), the other end of each lever (7) is connected with one corresponding end of the supporting rod (6) through a ball surface pair (10), the other end of each supporting rod (6) is respectively connected with the side surface of the reflector (5) through the ball pin pair (11), and the middle of the lever (7) is rotatably connected with the rack.
2. The side support structure of a large aperture mirror according to claim 1, wherein the middle of the beam of the last stage is connected to the frame through a flexible bearing (3) or a ball bearing.
3. Side support structure of a large aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle of the lever (7) is connected with the frame by a flexible bearing (3) or a ball bearing.
4. The side support structure of a large-aperture reflector according to claim 1, wherein the frame comprises a reflector chamber (4) and a bracket (8) fixedly connected with the reflector chamber (4), the middle of the beam of the first stage is rotatably connected with the reflector chamber (4), and the middle of the lever (7) is rotatably connected with the bracket (8).
5. Side support structure of a large aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stage of the beam and the connecting rod (9) are connected by a flexible hinge to realize a ball-and-pin pair (11).
6. Side support structure of a mirror with a large aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that the two ends of the lever (7) are connected with the support rod (6) and the spherical pair (10) or the spherical pin pair (11) of the connecting rod (9) respectively by means of flexible hinges.
7. The side supporting structure of a large-caliber reflecting mirror according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a first-stage beam, wherein the lever (7), the supporting rod (6) and the connecting rod (9) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the beam, and the middle of the beam is rotatably connected with the frame.
8. The side support structure of a large aperture mirror according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising at least two stages of said beams, wherein both ends of said beam of a next stage are rotatably connected to the middle of said beam of a corresponding previous stage, respectively.
9. A side support arrangement for a large aperture mirror, comprising three sets of side support structures as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202111088703.0A CN113759492A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Side supporting structure and side supporting device of large-diameter reflector |
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| CN202111088703.0A CN113759492A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Side supporting structure and side supporting device of large-diameter reflector |
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Application publication date: 20211207 |