CN113759167B - On-line test method for power transfer coefficient of turbine guide vane opening to unit - Google Patents
On-line test method for power transfer coefficient of turbine guide vane opening to unit Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/001—Measuring real or reactive component; Measuring apparent energy
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- G—PHYSICS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
An on-line test method for the power transfer coefficient of a water turbine guide vane opening pair unit is used for judging that the unit is in a non-vibration area and is operated under a non-variable load working condition for a water turbine generator set which is operated in a closed-loop control mode of the opening. And measuring and recording a process variable signal during primary frequency modulation action under the current water head. And calculating the power transfer coefficient of the opening of the guide vane of the unit under the current water head, and commanding the power transfer coefficient of the opening of the guide vane. The confidence of the original values of the coefficients is calculated and optimized. And obtaining an identification data set of the guide vane opening of the working point and the transmission coefficient of the unit power of the tested unit under the current water head. Judging the frequency degree of the primary frequency modulation action, and adjusting and calculating the number of samples. And improving the correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of the guide vane and the active power, and correcting the guide vane opening degree command on line through alpha to finally obtain a correction coefficient array of the full-load working condition of the unit under different water heads. The method can obtain the transfer rule between the opening degree of the guide vane of the unit and the active power under the full working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower plant operation, and particularly relates to an online test method for a power transfer coefficient of a water turbine guide vane opening pair unit.
Background
The grid-connected operation hydroelectric generating set normally works in an opening closed-loop control mode according to requirements, and the primary frequency modulation control mode of the grid-connected operation hydroelectric generating set also takes the opening as a response target. The control target of the primary frequency modulation of the unit is the opening degree of the guide vane, and the opening degree of the guide vane and the unit power are actually controlled in an open loop. Therefore, the real power of the primary frequency modulation of the water turbine is often checked because the real power does not meet the standard requirement under the nonlinear influences of the water purification head of the water turbine, the water level of the pressure regulating well and the power of the water turbine. The method is also a main reason for causing that some power stations with larger reservoir water level amplitude change have the condition that the test adjustment index is finished in a certain season to meet the requirement, but the frequency modulation power amplitude of primary frequency modulation is insufficient in other season operation.
The hydroelectric generating set which runs in a grid-connected mode according to the standard requirement is put into primary frequency modulation operation. The primary frequency modulation function can automatically control the unit to increase and decrease the active power according to the system frequency deviation when the external load changes, and is an important function for maintaining the active power balance and the stability of the system frequency of the power grid.
The general index requirements for primary frequency modulation of the hydroelectric generating set include: (1) artificial dead zone of primary frequency modulation; (2) the slip ratio or permanent slip coefficient of primary frequency modulation; (3) primary frequency modulation power limiting; (4) response rate of primary frequency modulation; (5) settling time of primary frequency modulation. Wherein the requirements of the slip ratio and the permanent slip coefficient are that the slip ratio of the primary frequency modulation is not more than 3% or the permanent slip coefficient is not more than 4%. The limiting requirement on primary frequency modulation is that the frequency modulation load change amplitude of the hydroelectric generating set in the load increasing direction is not less than 10% of rated load, and the frequency modulation load change amplitude in the load reducing direction is basically not limited.
The model of the hydroelectric generating set provided by DL/T1235 of the prime mover of the synchronous generator and the regulation system parameter actual measurement and modeling guide rules is known by the analysis of the steady-state final value theorem. The relationship between the steady-state value of power regulation and the frequency variation of the power grid of the hydroelectric generating set adopting the opening control mode can be expressed as follows:
therefore, in the opening mode, the influence of the opening of the machine set on the torque transmission coefficient ey is generated between the steady-state value of the frequency modulation power regulation and the frequency of the power grid. ey mainly affects the steady-state end value of the primary frequency modulation adjustment process, and the higher the coefficient random set head is, the larger the value is.
Although the transfer coefficient ey of the torque of the water turbine to the opening degree of the guide vane can better reflect the response characteristics of the primary frequency modulation of the water turbine under different operation conditions, the control of the primary frequency modulation is difficult to realize by directly correcting the torque of the water turbine due to inconvenient measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an on-line test method for the power transfer coefficient of the water turbine guide vane opening to the unit, which can solve the problems of insufficient power regulation and primary frequency modulation integral electric quantity of the unit caused by factors such as water head change, pressure regulating chamber water level fluctuation and the like in the current opening mode, and enhance the primary frequency modulation capability of the unit. Through the automatic calculation of a plurality of working points, the transmission rule between the opening degree of the guide vane of the unit and the active power under the full working condition can be obtained.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an online test method for the power transfer coefficient of a set by the opening of a guide vane of a water turbine comprises the following steps;
(1) For the hydroelectric generating set which is operated in a grid-connected mode under the opening closed-loop control mode, automatically judging that the set is operated in a non-vibration area and a non-variable load working condition;
(2) Under the current water head, automatically measuring and recording the frequency deviation Deltaf, the guide vane command Yref, the guide vane opening Y, the active power P and other process variable signals in the primary frequency modulation action process according to the power change rule, and recording the set of data as a working point T1N1 under the current water head;
(3) Calculating a power transmission coefficient A1 of a guide vane opening Y of the unit under the T1 water head, and commanding the power transmission coefficient A2 of the guide vane opening Y;
(4) Automatically calculating and optimizing the confidence coefficient of the original value of the transmission coefficient A of the guide vane opening and the unit power;
(5) Obtaining an identification data set of the guide vane opening of the working point and the transmission coefficient A of the unit power under the current water head of the unit to be tested by adopting automatic fitting calculation;
(6) Judging the frequent degree of primary frequency modulation according to the interval time of 5 continuous effective primary frequency modulation actions, and automatically adjusting and calculating the number of samples;
(7) The confidence of the correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of the guide vane and the active power is improved, and the guide vane fluctuation caused by the change of the correction coefficient alpha is reduced;
(8) Continuously calculating in the running process of the unit to obtain a data set of correction coefficients alpha of T1N1, T1N2, … and T1Nn under the current water head;
(9) The guide vane opening command Yref can be corrected on line through alpha, so that the transmission coefficient A always meets more than 1.33 under the current full-load working condition of the water head;
(10) When the actually measured water head change amplitude is larger than a preset value M meters, the process is automatically repeated, and finally, a correction coefficient array of the full-load working condition of the unit under different water heads is obtained.
The criteria of the unit in the step (1) under the non-variable load working condition comprise:
1) The deviation between the total AGC command and the actual power of the whole plant is not more than 2% of the rated power of the whole plant;
2) The deviation of the single machine AGC command execution value and the single machine actual power is not more than 2% of the single machine rated power.
The power change rule in the step (2) is according to the power change rule of N1% Pe, N2% Pe, … and Nn% Pe.
In the step (3), under the T1 water head, the opening degree of a guide vane of the unit is respectively calculated for the power transmission coefficient A1, the instruction of the opening degree of the guide vane is used for the power transmission coefficient A2, and the validity judgment is carried out on the deviation range of the opening degree and the power transmission coefficient A2, so that the jump of the result value caused by the inertia time and the power delay of the water flow in the process of calculating the transmission coefficient A is reduced.
The calculation formulas of the power transfer coefficient A1 of the unit guide vane opening and the power transfer coefficient A2 of the guide vane opening instruction are as follows:
A1＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔY/100) ①
A2＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔYref/100) ②
the permanent state slip coefficient bp of the hydroelectric generating set is not more than 4%, the slip ratio ep is not more than 3%, and bp/ep=1.33.
And the deviation of A1 and A2 meets the condition that the value of the deviation is within 5% as an effective value, otherwise, discarding the point, and forming an original value data set of the transmission coefficient A of the guide vane opening degree and the unit power by using the effective data value of the point.
And (3) in the step (5), automatically fitting an identification data set of the guide vane opening of a certain working point under the current water head and the transmission coefficient A of the unit power, and automatically smoothing the data to reduce the sharp point in data transition.
And (3) in the step (6), the number of the test samples is automatically adjusted according to the frequency degree of the primary frequency modulation action, so that the reliability of the calculation result of the transfer coefficient A is improved.
In the step (8), calculating a correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of a guide vane of the water turbine machine and the active power according to the principle that A is more than 1.33;
α＝1.33/A。
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for online testing the power transfer coefficient of the unit by the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine fills a blank;
2. the hydraulic moment measuring device and the hydraulic moment measuring method well solve the problems that the hydraulic moment measuring is inconvenient and the direct engineering is difficult to use as the primary frequency modulation response characteristic of the hydraulic turbine under different operation conditions can be reflected well along with the moment transfer coefficient ey of the opening degree of the hydraulic turbine.
3. The invention provides a method for estimating the power transmission coefficient of a unit by using the opening degree of a guide vane of the unit under any water head and verifying the power transmission coefficient of the unit in actual engineering. The invention is effective in improving the integral power of primary frequency modulation in the aperture mode, has simple and convenient field use and practical value.
4. The invention has auxiliary effect on inhibiting the fluctuation of the water level of the pressure regulating chamber. The convergence speed of the water level fluctuation of the pressure regulating chamber of the hydro-generator set running in the power mode can be accelerated.
5. The invention has universality. The device can be applied to mixed flow type units, and also can be applied to axial flow pulp-flowing and cross flow type units.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a logic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the logical relationship between the coefficient A & alpha and the original speed regulator in the scheme of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the transfer coefficients A1 and A2 actually measured by a certain test unit under a characteristic water head.
FIG. 4 is an actual measurement graph showing the open-loop relationship between the opening degree of a guide vane of a unit and active power of the unit corrected by the method of the invention under a characteristic water head of a certain test unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses an online test method for a power transmission coefficient of a unit by the opening degree of a guide vane of a water turbine, which meets the requirements of a primary frequency modulation rotating speed inequality rate and a slip rate of the water turbine in DL/T1870 of the power system network source coordination technical specification. The permanent state slip coefficient bp of the hydroelectric generating set is not more than 4 percent, and the slip adjustment rate ep is not more than 3 percent
bp/ep＝1.33
The energy transfer coefficient between the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine and the power of the unit is required to be not less than 1.33 by primary frequency modulation. The specific test method for the power transfer coefficient of the unit by the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine is as follows:
(1) And (5) testing static characteristics of the water turbine follow-up system in a stop state. The tested unit meets the corresponding index requirements on the electrohydraulic servo system of the water turbine in the test of the speed regulating system of the water turbine GB/T9652.2.
(2) The machine set is in grid-connected operation, and the program automatically judges that the machine set is in a non-vibration area and is in a non-variable load working condition;
(3) And under the current water head, measuring and recording the frequency deviation Deltaf, the guide vane command Yref, the guide vane opening Y, the active power P and other process variable signals in the primary frequency modulation action process according to the power change rules of N1% Pe, N2% Pe, … and Nn% Pe. The group of data is recorded as a working point T1N1 under the current water head;
(4) According to the change rule of the measured active power and the guide vane opening, calculating a guide vane opening vs. power transfer coefficient A1 of the unit under the current water head according to a formula (1) and a formula (2), and commanding the guide vane opening vs. power transfer coefficient A2.
A1＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔY/100) ①
A2＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔYref/100) ②
(5) Comparing the deviation of A1 and A2, wherein the value which satisfies the deviation within 5% is a valid value, otherwise, discarding the point. The effective data value of the point is used for forming an original value data set of the transmission coefficient A of the opening degree of the guide vane and the power of the unit;
(6) Calculating identification parameters by adopting automatic fitting, and calculating to obtain an identification data set of the guide vane opening of the working point and the transmission coefficient A of the unit power of the tested unit under the current water head;
(7) A is more than 1.33, and the correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of the guide vane of the turbine and the active power is considered;
(8) Continuously calculating in the running process of the unit to obtain a data set of correction coefficients alpha of T1N1, T1N2, … and T1Nn under the current water head;
(9) Correcting the guide vane opening command Yref through a correction coefficient alpha, so that the transmission coefficient always meets more than 1.33 under the current full-head load working condition;
(10) And (3) repeating the processes from the 2 nd to the 9 th when the actually measured current water head change amplitude is greater than a preset value M M, and finally obtaining a correction coefficient array of the full-load working condition of the unit under different water heads.
(11) For units with inlet or tail water pressure regulating chambers, the procedure is one that corrects for volute pressure fluctuations.
The invention discloses an online test method for a power transfer coefficient of a unit by the opening degree of a guide vane of a water turbine, which comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
the specific operation method under the stop state comprises the following steps:
and (5) testing static characteristics of the water turbine follow-up system. And adding a 50Hz stabilizing signal and a simulation grid-connected signal to a cabinet terminal, manually stabilizing the stroke of the servomotor to be about 50%, canceling a manual frequency dead zone, wherein bp is set to be 4%, kp=10, ki=10 and Kd=0. The machine frequency is gradually increased from 50Hz to 51.0Hz with a step length of 0.2Hz, and returns to 49.0Hz after being stabilized, and finally returns to 50Hz. And when the frequency dead zone is set to 0, the relationship between the opening degree and the frequency of the guide vane servomotor is measured A, B respectively.
The relation between the opening degree and the frequency of the guide vane servomotor of the tested unit meets the requirement of GB/T9652.2 of the speed regulating system test of the water turbine. The frequency measurement precision is not more than 0.005Hz, the linearity error of the static characteristic curve is not more than 5%, and the dead zone of the rotating speed is less than 0.04%. And if the index is not met, the electrohydraulic servo system is adjusted until the index is met.
Fig. 1 is a logic block diagram of the scheme of the present invention, including 15 operation steps and methods. The specific operation method under the grid-connected state comprises the following steps:
and S1, judging that the unit is in a non-vibration area working condition operation under the unit grid-connected state.
And S2, judging that the unit is in a non-variable load working condition under the unit grid-connected state. The criteria of the unit under the non-variable load working condition include:
1) The deviation between the total AGC command and the actual power of the whole plant is not more than 2% of the rated power of the whole plant;
2) The deviation of the single machine AGC command execution value and the single machine actual power is not more than 2% of the single machine rated power.
And S3, under the T1 water head, measuring and recording the frequency deviation Deltaf, the guide vane instruction Yref, the guide vane opening Y, the active power P and other process variable signals in the primary frequency modulation action process according to the power change rules of N1% Pe, N2% Pe, … and Nn% Pe.
And S4, calculating A1 and A2 transfer coefficients under the T1 water head. Wherein A1 is the guide vane opening degree versus power transfer coefficient of the unit, and A2 is the guide vane opening degree command versus power transfer coefficient.
And S5, automatically eliminating the calculated A1 and A2 values in the event that the duration of the primary frequency modulation action is less than t seconds (the t duration is adjustable and the initial value is 9 seconds). The influence of the dead zone on the calculation result of the transfer coefficient A is reduced.
And S6, judging and calculating, and calculating transfer coefficients A1 and A2 by using 5 continuous and effective primary frequency modulation action events.
Step S7, if 5 effective primary frequency modulation action events have the problem of overlong intervals. If the interval time between the k+n time and the k+n1 time is greater than x seconds (the x time length is adjustable, and the initial value is 1800 seconds), the sample number of the A1 and A2 values calculated in the k+n1 primary frequency modulation action event is automatically increased.
S8, carrying out weight comparison on the A1 group data samples and eliminating the unreliable values;
s9, carrying out weight comparison on the A2 group data samples and eliminating the unreliable values;
in step S10, the deviation between A1 and A2 is not greater than u% (u is adjustable, and the initial value is 5%). Removing unreliable sampling points to obtain the guide vane opening degree with higher reliability and the original value of the transmission coefficient A of the unit power;
step S11, calculating identification parameters by adopting automatic fitting, and calculating to obtain an identification data set of the guide vane opening of the working condition point and the transmission coefficient A of the unit power under the current water head of the unit to be tested;
step S12, as shown in FIG. 2, is a block diagram of the logical relationship between the coefficient A & alpha and the original governor in the scheme of the present invention. Calculating a correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of a guide vane of a water turbine and the active power according to the principle that A is more than 1.33;
α＝1.33/A
step S13, continuously calculating in the running process of the unit to obtain a data set of correction coefficients alpha of N1, N2, … and Nn load points under the T1 water head;
s14, correcting a guide vane opening instruction Yref through a correction coefficient alpha, so that the transmission coefficient always meets more than 1.33 under the T1 water head full load working condition;
and S15, when the actually measured water head change amplitude is larger than a preset value M M (the M value is adjustable and the initial value is 5M), repeating the processes of the steps 1 to 14, and finally obtaining a correction coefficient array of the full-load working condition of the unit under different water heads.
Implementation case: the type of a certain test unit is mixed flow type, the water delivery system adopts a single-machine single-pipe water diversion mode, the rated active power is 600MW, the rated water head is 120m, and the rated flow is 567m < 3 >/s.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing a measured curve of a certain test unit under a water head of 110m, wherein a dotted line is a measured value of a guide vane opening to a unit power transfer coefficient A1, and a solid line is a measured value of a command to a power transfer coefficient A2. From the measured data. At a head of 110m, the random group load increases and the transfer coefficients A1, A2 are nonlinear at full load segments.
Fig. 4 is an actual measurement graph showing an open-loop relationship between the opening degree of a guide vane of a unit and active power of the unit corrected by the method of the invention under the current water head of a certain test unit. The conversion coefficient of the opening and the power corrected by the test result is larger than 1.3 in the full load section, the linearity related coefficient R2 of the full stroke is larger than 0.996, and the linearity of the opening and the power conversion coefficient of the unit is good.
According to the test result, the opening degree of the guide vane of the water turbine in the full-load section has obvious nonlinear relation to the unit power. Compared with the traditional method, the invention has clear physical relationship, is simple and convenient to realize, and improves the adjustment quality of primary frequency modulation of the unit.
Claims (9)
1. The method for online testing the power transfer coefficient of the unit by the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
(1) For the hydroelectric generating set which is operated in a grid-connected mode under the opening closed-loop control mode, automatically judging that the set is operated in a non-vibration area and a non-variable load working condition;
(2) Under the current water head, automatically measuring and recording the frequency deviation Deltaf, the guide vane command Yref, the guide vane opening Y, the active power P and other process variable signals in the primary frequency modulation action process according to the power change rule, and recording the set of data as a working point T1N1 under the current water head;
(3) Calculating a power transmission coefficient A1 of a guide vane opening Y of the unit under the T1 water head, and commanding the power transmission coefficient A2 of the guide vane opening Y;
(4) Automatically calculating and optimizing the confidence coefficient of the original value of the transmission coefficient A of the guide vane opening and the unit power;
(5) Obtaining an identification data set of the guide vane opening of the working point and the transmission coefficient A of the unit power under the current water head of the unit to be tested by adopting automatic fitting calculation;
(6) Judging the frequent degree of primary frequency modulation according to the interval time of 5 continuous effective primary frequency modulation actions, and automatically adjusting and calculating the number of samples;
(7) The confidence of the correction coefficient alpha between the opening degree of the guide vane and the active power is improved, and the guide vane fluctuation caused by the change of the correction coefficient alpha is reduced;
(8) Continuously calculating in the running process of the unit to obtain a data set of correction coefficients alpha of T1N1, T1N2, … and T1Nn under the current water head;
(9) The guide vane opening command Yref can be corrected on line through alpha, so that the transmission coefficient A always meets more than 1.33 under the current full-load working condition of the water head;
(10) When the actually measured water head change amplitude is greater than a preset value M meters, automatically repeating the process to finally obtain a correction coefficient array of the full-load working condition of the unit under different water heads;
the calculation formulas of the power transfer coefficient A1 of the unit guide vane opening and the power transfer coefficient A2 of the guide vane opening instruction are as follows:
A1＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔY/100) ①
A2＝bp/ep＝(ΔP/Pe)/(ΔYref/100) ②。
2. the method for online testing of the opening degree of the guide vanes of the water turbine to the power transfer coefficient of the unit according to claim 1, wherein the criterion of the unit in the step (1) under the non-variable load working condition comprises the following steps:
1) The deviation between the total AGC command and the actual power of the whole plant is not more than 2% of the rated power of the whole plant;
2) The deviation of the single machine AGC command execution value and the single machine actual power is not more than 2% of the single machine rated power.
3. The method for online testing of the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine to the power transfer coefficient of the unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the power change rule of the step (2) is according to the power change rule of N1% Pe, N2% Pe, … and Nn% Pe.
4. The method for online testing of the opening degree of the guide vane of the water turbine to the power transmission coefficient of the unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step (3), the power transmission coefficient A1 is automatically calculated by the opening degree of the guide vane of the unit, the power transmission coefficient A2 is effectively judged by the instruction of the opening degree of the guide vane, and the result value jump caused by the inertia time and the power delay of the water flow in the process of calculating the transmission coefficient A is reduced.
5. The method for online testing of the opening degree of the guide vanes of the water turbine to the power transfer coefficient of the water turbine set according to claim 1 is characterized in that the permanent slip coefficient bp of the water turbine generator set is not more than 4%, the slip ratio ep is not more than 3%, and bp/ep=1.33.
6. The method for online testing of the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine to the power transmission coefficient of the unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the deviation of A1 and A2 meets the condition that the deviation is within 5% and is a valid value, otherwise, the point is discarded, and the valid data value of the point is used for forming an original value data set of the guide vane opening and the power transmission coefficient A of the unit.
7. The method for online testing of the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine to the power transmission coefficient of the unit according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the identification data set of the opening of the guide vane at a certain working condition point under the current water head and the transmission coefficient A of the power of the unit is automatically fitted, the data is automatically smoothed, and the sharp point in the data transition is reduced.
8. The method for online testing of the opening of the guide vane of the water turbine to the power transmission coefficient of the unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step (6), the number of test samples is automatically adjusted according to the frequency of primary frequency modulation action, and the reliability of the calculation result of the transmission coefficient A is improved.
9. The method for online testing of the opening of the guide vanes of the water turbine to the power transmission coefficient of the unit according to claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the correction coefficient alpha between the opening of the guide vanes of the water turbine and the active power is calculated according to the principle that A is more than 1.33;
α＝1.33/A。
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