CN113758673A

CN113758673A - Experimental device for wave water impact bank building

Info

Publication number: CN113758673A
Application number: CN202011173946.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢行; 刘新玉; 刘方; 平燕娜; 陈祥; 丁一洋
Original assignee: Huanghuai University
Current assignee: Huanghuai University
Priority date: 2020-10-28
Filing date: 2020-10-28
Publication date: 2021-12-07

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydromechanics, in particular to an experimental device for impacting a shore building by wave water flow, which comprises a water tank with an adjustable gradient, wherein the water tank comprises a water flow development area and a backflow area, the water flow development area is separated by a water baffle to form a water storage area and a test area, the test area is provided with a wave baffle, the rear end of the wave baffle is provided with a structure, the rear end of the structure is provided with a tail baffle inside the water tank, a high-speed camera is arranged at the corresponding position of the water flow development area, the front end of the structure is provided with a wave height instrument, and a water mark is arranged in the water storage area. The invention has strong stability and easy operation, not only strictly controls the water flow, but also increases the regulation of the water flow impact speed, further considers the terrain gradient of the actual water flow impact, simultaneously the wave blocking plate can generate different wave forms, the tail baffle plate realizes one-time impact and multiple-time impact types, and provides a solution for the experimental research of the water flow impact related engineering problems of the river bank, the coast and the like.

Description

Experimental device for wave water impact bank building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hydrodynamics, in particular to an experimental device for impacting a shore building by wave water flow.

Background

The wave water flow impact shoreside buildings are widely in the engineering field, and the natural phenomenon that water flow impacts structures is commonly existed on the river banks and the seashore. The large impact force during the water flow impact process can cause serious damage to the structure. River bank water flow can incline and collapse the bank buildings such as houses and villages; coastal water flow can directly destroy facilities such as bank highways and breakwaters. Therefore, the water flow impact problem seriously threatens the building safety of Chinese river banks and coasts, and has important engineering value for deeply researching the water flow impact problem. At present, two factors need to be considered for the impact of shallow water waves on river banks and seacoasts, namely wave impact and the coupling effect of water flow and structures. When the wave impact is considered, the wet surface is changed violently along with the time, the free liquid surface is deformed and even broken by strong nonlinear curling, and the phenomena of bubble inclusion and void generation are possibly involved; considering the interaction between water flow and structure, the impact of the structure is influenced by the impact force of waves, which in turn is influenced by the properties of the structure itself (elasticity, erosion, penetration, etc.), which are coupled processes. Each element can pose significant difficulties and challenges to current theoretical and numerical simulations. Experimental studies are therefore still a necessary means to study such complex problems.

The technical scheme of the invention relates to an experimental device for impact of wave water flow on a shore building, aiming at the problems that in the process of impact of wave water flow on the shore building, various factors such as wave form, terrain gradient, water flow speed, water flow, impact type and the like are involved, and the impact experimental device is difficult to simultaneously and accurately control the factors, so that the experimental conditions are limited. The invention can simultaneously consider the factors and effectively enrich experimental conditions. The design mode enriches the experimental conditions of the problem that the wave water flow of the river bank, the coast and the like impacts the shore buildings, and the comprehensive consideration of multiple factors provides guarantee for the scientificity of the experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an experimental device for impacting a shore building by wave water flow, which meets the requirements of accurate control of terrain gradient, water flow speed and water flow in water flow impact.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an experimental device for impacting a shore building by wave water flow comprises an angle-adjustable inclined base, wherein a water tank with the top not sealed is mounted on the inclined base, an upper water flow development area and a lower backflow area are formed in the water tank in a separated mode through a bottom partition plate, the water flow development area is separated through a water baffle plate capable of moving up and down to form a water storage area and a test area, the test area comprises a wave baffle plate which is mounted at the bottom of the bottom partition plate and can adjust the angle in the width direction, a sliding groove is fixedly formed in the length direction of the bottom partition plate at the rear end of the wave baffle plate, a structure is fixedly arranged on the sliding groove, and a tail baffle plate is mounted at the rear end of the structure in the water tank; still including setting up the support frame in water tank one side, the upper portion of support frame is equipped with the guiding gutter with adjustable inclination, and the jack-up support that is used for the jack-up breakwater is still erect at the top of support frame, install the hoist on the jack-up support, the rivers development area outside the water tank corresponds the position and installs high-speed camera, the wave height appearance is installed to the front end of structure, install the water mark in the water storage district.

Furthermore, a horizontal clamping groove for installing the bottom baffle is formed in the water tank close to the lower end in the length direction, a rear vertical clamping groove for installing the tail baffle is formed in the water tank close to the tail end, and a front vertical clamping groove for installing the water baffle is formed in the water tank close to the front end and the upper portion of the corresponding bottom baffle.

Further, the guiding gutter comprises U type groove, the upper portion bottom mounting in U type groove is on horizontal bracing piece, the both ends of horizontal bracing piece are passed through the bolt fastening on the support frame.

Further, install two slide rails that are parallel to each other on the subaerial of water tank both sides, support frame slidable installs on the slide rail, the slide rail is the bar draw-in groove, install a plurality of guide arms that agree with mutually with the draw-in groove is inside in the bar draw-in groove, the copper sheathing has set firmly on the guide arm, copper sheathing and support frame fixed connection.

Furthermore, the breakwater comprises a front movable plate and a rear fixed plate, the front ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are hinged through hinges, the rear ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are connected through telescopic pillars, and the rear fixed plate is fixedly installed on the bottom partition plate.

Further, the tilting base is a wedge-shaped base, the wedge-shaped base comprises a bottom plate and an upper movable plate, the bottom plate is installed on the ground, the upper movable plate is connected with the bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected with one end of the upper movable plate through a telescopic stand column, a movable ring used for installing an angle instrument is installed at the other end of the bottom plate, and a blocking strip used for fixing the water tank is installed at the position of a tilting low point of the upper movable plate along the width direction.

Furthermore, a plurality of positioning holes for fixing the structure are preset on the sliding chute, and a horizontal scale parallel to the sliding chute is further arranged on one side of the sliding chute.

Furthermore, the support frame comprises the frame construction of horizontal pole, vertical pole and pole setting, and horizontal pole, vertical pole and pole setting pass through flange and rivet.

Advantageous effects

One side of an inclined base of the experimental device adjusts the gradient of a wedge-shaped body through a telescopic support column and is used for accurately simulating different terrain gradients, a water baffle is connected with a water tank through a vertical clamping groove to move up and down, a bottom baffle is carried in the water tank through a horizontal clamping groove, a water storage area is formed among the water baffle, the water tank and the bottom baffle, when the water baffle is lifted upwards, water flow is released, waves are formed through a wave-blocking plate to wash out a structure, a water flow development area is formed at the upper part of the bottom baffle, and a backflow area is formed at the bottom; the water level of the water storage area is controlled by a water mark in the water storage area, water flow is adjusted, the bottom partition plate is provided with a wave-blocking plate with an adjustable angle, different wave forms are convenient to generate, a structure is fixed on a sliding groove of the bottom partition plate, and the impact speed of the model encountering water flow is adjusted by moving the structure. If the tail baffle plate is lifted, the washed water flows to a backflow area isolated by the bottom baffle plate, and the process that the wave water flow impacts the building at one time is simulated; if the tail baffle falls down, the washed water flows back to simulate the process that waves impact the structure repeatedly, the wave height meter records the wave height, and the external camera records the water flow evolution characteristics of the washing at the transparent glass.

The diversion trench is arranged on the support frame and used for water injection, the angle of the diversion trench can be adjusted, and if the water baffle is cancelled, water flow directly flows into a test area of the water tank through the diversion trench, so that the impact effect of high-speed wave water flow can be simulated. The crane bracket on the supporting seat is provided with an electric hoist which can be connected with the water baffle or the tail baffle through a steel wire rope to drive the water baffle or the tail baffle to move upwards.

The invention has simple structure and strong operability, and the water storage area, the flow area and the backflow area are formed in the water tank, thereby realizing the storage, the flow and the recovery of water flow, and a series of operations are not influenced mutually. The structure can bear larger external impact force, has good stability and ensures the validity of experimental data under severe working conditions. According to the technical scheme, multiple factors of terrain gradient, water flow speed, wave form and water flow in water flow impact are accurately controlled, experimental conditions of water flow impact problems of river banks, seacoasts and the like are enriched, and comprehensive consideration of the multiple factors provides guarantee for the scientificity of experiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inside of the water tank of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the guide channel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the slide rail of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a breakwater according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wedge base of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the flange connection in the support bracket of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a water tank, 2-a water baffle, 3-a tail baffle, 4-a support frame, 5-a diversion trench, 6-a bottom clapboard, 7-a wedge-shaped base, 8-a slide rail, 9-a high-speed camera, 10-a rib, 11-a water mark, 12-a wave baffle, 13-a slide groove, 14-a wave height instrument, 15-a structure, 16-a horizontal scale, 17-an angle instrument, 18-a crane support and 19-a connecting flange;

the water tank comprises a water tank front plate 101, a water tank rear plate 102, a vertical clamping groove 103, a horizontal clamping groove 104, a U-shaped groove 501, a transverse supporting rod 502, a bolt 503, an upper movable plate 701, a bottom plate 702, a telescopic upright column 703, a blocking strip 704, a movable ring 705, a guide rail groove 801, a copper sleeve 802, a guide rod 803, a support column 121, a front movable plate 122, a fixing hole 123 and a rear fixing plate 124.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the concrete implementation, as shown in fig. 1, an experimental apparatus for wave water impact shore building includes the adjustable tilt base of angle, refer to fig. 1 and fig. 6, the tilt base is wedge base 7, wedge base 7 is including installing bottom plate 702 on ground and the last fly leaf 701 of being connected with bottom plate 702, bottom plate 702 is connected through flexible stand 703 with the one end of last fly leaf 701, and the activity ring 705 that is used for installing angle appearance 17 is installed to the other end, the blend stop 704 that is used for fixed water tank 1 is installed along the width direction to the slope low point position of going up fly leaf 701, prevents that water tank 1 from gliding, adjusts the wedge slope through scalable pillar 121 and simulates actual topography slope. Install the water tank 1 that the top does not seal the end on the tilting base, water tank 1 includes water tank front bezel 101 and water tank back plate 102 of both sides around, water tank front bezel 101 is the glass board, water tank back plate 102 can be the glass board, also can be the metal sheet, refer to figure 1 and figure 2, separate through end baffle 6 in the water tank 1 and form the rivers development district on upper portion and the backward flow district of lower part, rivers development district separates through the manger plate 2 that can move about from top to bottom and forms water storage district and experimental district, and is concrete, the inside length direction of water tank 1 leans on the lower extreme to be equipped with the horizontal draw-in groove 104 that is used for installing end baffle 6, end baffle 6 takes inside water tank 1 through horizontal draw-in groove 104, water tank 1 is inside to offer the back vertical draw-in groove 103 that is used for installing end baffle 3 by the tail end, end baffle 3 joint is in back vertical draw-in groove 103, can mention end baffle 3 through the hoist, if the tail baffle 3 is lifted, the washed water flows to a backflow area isolated by the bottom clapboard 6, and the process that the wave water flow impacts the building at one time is simulated; if the tailboard 3 falls, the rivers backward flow after the washing away, lean on the water tank 1 inside of front end and the preceding perpendicular draw-in groove 103 that corresponds to be offered and be used for installing breakwater 2 on the low baffle upper portion, breakwater 2 joint is in preceding perpendicular draw-in groove 103, can mention breakwater 2 through the hoist, breakwater 2 upwards mentions then rivers release, forms the wave through breakwater 12, washes away structure 15, and the high-speed camera 9 is installed to the rivers development area outside water tank 1 corresponds the position, unrestrained height appearance 14 is installed to the front end of structure 15, install water mark 11 in the reservoir area. Referring to fig. 5, the breakwater 12 includes a front movable plate 122 and a rear fixed plate 124, the rear fixed plate 124 is connected to the bottom partition plate 6 through a position fixing hole 123, and the support column 121 adjusts the angle of the front movable plate 122 and the rear fixed plate 124, simulating different waves. The front ends of the front movable plate 122 and the rear fixed plate 124 are hinged through hinges, the rear ends are connected through telescopic pillars 121, and the rear fixed plate 124 is fixedly installed on the bottom partition plate 6, so that the angle of the breakwater 12 can be flexibly adjusted, and different wave forms can be conveniently generated. The rear end of the wave baffle plate 12 is fixedly provided with a sliding groove 13 in the length direction of the bottom clapboard 6, a plurality of positioning holes for fixing a structure 15 are preset on the sliding groove 13, the structure 15 is fixed on the sliding groove 13 through the positioning holes, the washing speed of the model encountering water flow is adjusted by moving the structure 15, and one side of the sliding groove 13 is also provided with a horizontal scale 16 parallel to the sliding groove for measuring the distance between the structure 15 and the water baffle plate 2.

Two mutually parallel slide rails 8 are installed on the ground on two sides of the water tank 1, the support frame 4 is installed on the slide rails 8 in a sliding manner, specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4, the slide rails 8 are bar-shaped clamping grooves, a plurality of guide rods 803 matched with the insides of the clamping grooves are installed in the bar-shaped clamping grooves, copper sleeves 802 are fixedly arranged on the guide rods 803, and the copper sleeves 802 are fixedly connected with the support frame 4. The upper portion of support frame 4 is equipped with guiding gutter 5 with adjustable inclination, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 3, guiding gutter 5 comprises U type groove 501, the upper portion bottom mounting of U type groove 501 is on horizontal bracing piece 502, bolt 503 is passed through at the both ends of horizontal bracing piece 502 and is fixed on support frame 4, the middle part of U type groove 501 supports through erectting rib 10 on the support frame, and guiding gutter 5 can be used for the water injection on the one hand, and on the other hand, the angle of guiding gutter 5 is adjustable, can directly cancel the water storage district, and rivers are direct to flow into the test area of water tank 1 through guiding gutter 5, can simulate the wave rivers impact of different speeds, erode structure 15 through guiding gutter 5 diversion, realize bigger rivers and erode speed.

The support frame 4 is composed of a frame structure of a cross rod, a vertical rod and a vertical rod, please refer to fig. 7, and the cross rod, the vertical rod and the vertical rod are riveted through a connecting flange 19. The jack-up support that is used for jack-up breakwater 2 and tail baffle 3 is still erect at the top of support frame 4, install the hoist crane on the jack-up support, hoist crane support 18 on the supporting seat, hoist crane support 18 is used for hanging electric hoist (current product, not shown in the figure), the electric hoist, connect through wire rope (not shown in the figure) between jack-up support and breakwater 2/tail baffle 3, the electric hoist starts to drive breakwater 2 and upwards mentions, water storage district rivers release, along 6 mobile impact structure thing 15 of end baffle, the rivers evolution characteristic of structure is washed away in the high-speed camera 9 record of placing through 1 outside of water tank.

In specific implementation, the slope of the wedge-shaped base 7 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic upright column 703, and the slope is recorded by the angle gauge 17 to accurately simulate the terrain slope. And (4) moving the support frame 4, injecting water into the water storage area along the diversion trench 5 through the water pump, and stopping injecting water after the water level is controlled, so that the aim of accurately controlling the water level is fulfilled. The structure 15 is fixed on the positioning hole of the sliding chute 13, the distance between the structure 15 and the water baffle 2 is adjusted and controlled by selecting different positioning holes, the actual water flow scouring speed is simulated, and the distance is recorded by the horizontal scale 16. The breakwater 12 is adjusted in angle through the upright column to generate different shallow water waves. The support frame 4 is moved again, the right side of the support frame is close to the water baffle 2, the high-speed camera 9 is opened, and the recording state is kept. The crane is started to drive the water baffle 2 to lift upwards, water flow is released from the water storage area, and the water flow passes through the water baffle 12 to develop in the flow area, so that the water flow impacts the structure 15. If the tail baffle is lifted, the impacted water flow flows to the backflow area again for collection, and the water flow is used for the experimental purpose of simulating waves to scour the structure 15 at one time; if the baffle is not lifted, the impacted water flows back and forth between the left side of the water tank 1 and the baffle, and the experimental purpose that the structure 15 is continuously washed by waves is achieved. If the water baffle 2 is eliminated, the water flow is directly provided by the diversion trench 5, and higher water flow impact speed can be provided.

The invention solves the problem that the conventional experimental device is difficult to comprehensively consider various factors. The invention has strong stability and easy operation, not only strictly controls the water flow, but also increases the regulation of the water flow impact speed, further considers the terrain gradient impacted by the actual water flow, simultaneously the wave blocking plate 12 can generate different wave forms, the tail baffle plate realizes one-time impact and multiple-time impact types, and provides a solution for the experimental research of the water flow impact related engineering problems of the river bank, the coast and the like.

In this embodiment, the structure size does not have special requirement, makes things convenient for the demander to carry out model scale design according to actual experiment demand, and support frame 4 structural strength is high, can bear the load within 500kg, the impact test of the large-scale model of being convenient for. In other embodiments, the supporting frame 4 may be used to lift the water baffle 2 in other ways, for example, when the water volume is small, the load is light, and the water baffle can be directly manually lifted. Furthermore, when the load is 50-100kg, only one frame can be arranged, and the structural strength is ensured.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent substitutions and modifications or partial substitutions made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for impacting a shore building by wave water flow is characterized by comprising an angle-adjustable inclined base, wherein a water tank with a top not sealed is mounted on the inclined base, a water flow development area at the upper part and a backflow area at the lower part are separated and formed in the water tank through a bottom partition plate, the water flow development area is separated and formed into a water storage area and a test area through a water baffle plate capable of moving up and down, the test area comprises a wave baffle plate with an adjustable angle in the width direction of the bottom partition plate, a sliding groove is fixedly formed in the length direction of the bottom partition plate at the rear end of the wave baffle plate, a structure is fixedly arranged on the sliding groove, and a tail baffle plate is mounted at the rear end of the structure in the water tank; still including setting up the support frame in water tank one side, the upper portion of support frame is equipped with the guiding gutter with adjustable inclination, and the jack-up support that is used for the jack-up breakwater is still erect at the top of support frame, install the hoist on the jack-up support, the rivers development area outside the water tank corresponds the position and installs high-speed camera, the wave height appearance is installed to the front end of structure, install the water mark in the water storage district.

2. The experimental device for testing the impact of the wave water flow on the shore buildings according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal slot for installing the bottom partition is formed in the water tank close to the lower end in the length direction, a rear vertical slot for installing the tail baffle is formed in the water tank close to the tail end, and a front vertical slot for installing a water baffle is formed in the water tank close to the front end and the upper portion of the corresponding bottom partition.

3. The experimental device for testing the impact of the wave water flow on the shore building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diversion trench is formed by a U-shaped trench, the bottom end of the upper part of the U-shaped trench is fixed on a transverse supporting rod, and the two ends of the transverse supporting rod are fixed on the supporting frame through bolts.

4. The experimental device for testing the impact of a wave current on a shore structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein two parallel slide rails are installed on the ground at two sides of the water tank, the supporting frame is slidably installed on the slide rails, the slide rails are bar-shaped slots, a plurality of guide rods engaged with the inside of the slots are installed in the bar-shaped slots, and copper sleeves are fixedly installed on the guide rods and fixedly connected with the supporting frame.

5. The experimental device for testing the impact of wave water flow on a shore building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breakwater comprises a front movable plate and a rear fixed plate, the front ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are hinged by a hinge, the rear ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are connected by a telescopic pillar, and the rear fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom partition plate.

6. The experimental device for testing the impact of the wave water flow on the shore building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tilting base is a wedge-shaped base, the wedge-shaped base comprises a bottom plate installed on the ground and an upper movable plate connected with the bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected with one end of the upper movable plate through a telescopic column, the other end of the bottom plate is provided with a movable ring for installing an angle gauge, and a blocking strip for fixing the water tank is installed at the position of the tilting low point of the upper movable plate along the width direction.

7. The experimental facility for testing the impact of a wave current on a shore building as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning holes for fixing a structure are preset on the sliding chute, and a horizontal scale parallel to the sliding chute is further provided on one side of the sliding chute.

8. The experimental facility for testing the impact of a wave current on a shore building as claimed in claim 1, wherein said supporting frame is composed of a frame structure of a cross bar, a vertical bar and an upright bar, and the cross bar, the vertical bar and the upright bar are riveted by connecting flanges.