Magnetic bearing structure suitable for underwater equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic bearing structure, in particular to a magnetic bearing structure suitable for underwater equipment.
Background
The bearings selected for the underwater equipment comprise conventional rolling bearings, sliding bearings, air bearings and the like. The conventional rolling bearing and sliding bearing have the defects of friction, abrasion generation and service life limitation due to the necessary sliding medium, and the volume of the water-lubricated bearing is large. When the conventional rolling bearing, the sliding bearing and the air bearing work under water (except for a water lubrication bearing), the sealing is necessary, and after the sealing fails, water enters into the bearing and sand enters into the bearing, so that the bearing fails.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the background art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic bearing structure suitable for underwater equipment.
The magnetic suspension bearing suspends the rotor in the air by utilizing the magnetic force action, so that the rotor is not in mechanical contact with the stator. The principle is that the magnetic induction lines are vertical to the magnetic suspension lines, the shaft core is parallel to the magnetic suspension lines, so that the weight of the rotor is fixed on a running track, and the shaft core almost without load is propped against the direction of the magnetic suspension lines to form that the whole rotor is suspended in the air and is on the fixed running track. The magnetic suspension bearing is divided into an electromagnetic suspension bearing and a permanent magnetic suspension bearing, and the electromagnetic suspension bearing is large in size and needs to be powered and sealed in water. Is not suitable for being used on a small-sized underwater windmill. Therefore, the permanent magnetic suspension bearing, particularly the strong magnetic suspension bearing, is suitable for being used on a small underwater windmill. Compared with traditional rolling bearings, sliding bearings and oil film bearings, the magnetic bearing has no mechanical contact, the rotor can run to a very high rotating speed, the service performance of the bearing in underwater equipment is improved, and the bearing has the advantages of small mechanical wear, low energy consumption, low noise, long service life, no lubrication, no oil pollution and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises an outer ring bearing matrix, outer ring bearing magnetic steel, an inner ring bearing matrix and inner ring bearing magnetic steel; the outer ring bearing base body and the inner ring bearing base body are coaxially arranged; the inner ring bearing base body is provided with a plurality of high-strength magnetic outer ring bearing magnetic steels, the outer ring bearing magnetic steels and the inner ring bearing magnetic steels are semi-cylindrical strips, and the outer ring bearing magnetic steels and the inner ring bearing magnetic steels are in magnetic repulsion fit.
The inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate are uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction, the length direction of each strip-shaped groove is arranged along the radial direction, pre-magnetized outer ring bearing magnetic steel is fixedly arranged in each strip-shaped groove of the outer ring bearing substrate by epoxy ethyl glue, and pre-magnetized inner ring bearing magnetic steel is fixedly arranged in each strip-shaped groove of the inner ring bearing substrate by epoxy ethyl glue.
The surface of one side of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel close to the inner ring bearing base body and the surface of one side of the inner ring bearing magnetic steel close to the outer ring bearing base body are arranged oppositely; the magnetic pole directions of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel are along the axial direction of the outer ring bearing base body and the inner ring bearing base body, and the magnetic pole corresponding to one side of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel close to the inner ring bearing base body is the same as the magnetic pole corresponding to one side of the inner ring bearing magnetic steel close to the outer ring bearing base body.
The number of the outer ring bearing magnetic steels and the number of the inner ring bearing magnetic steels are the same, and the outer ring bearing magnetic steels and the inner ring bearing magnetic steels are flexibly arranged between 6-18.
The assembling shaft is sleeved in the through holes of the outer ring bearing base body and the inner ring bearing base body. In actual work, the assembly shaft is fixedly arranged on the underwater equipment, the assembly shaft is parallel to the direction of the magnetic levitation line, the outer ring bearing base body and the inner ring bearing base body are respectively and fixedly embedded into a stator part and a rotor part of the underwater equipment, and due to the repulsion action of the opposite surfaces of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel, the assembly shaft which is almost unloaded is supported against the direction of the reverse magnetic levitation line to form that the whole rotor part is suspended on a fixed running track of the assembly shaft, and when the repulsive force is increased, the rotor part slides along the opposite direction of the assembly shaft to the stator part.
The inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate are respectively coated with anticorrosive wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after the outer ring bearing magnetic steel and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel are respectively installed, seawater self-lubricating is realized, and when the repulsive force is increased, the inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate can be used as sliding bearing surfaces.
The outer ring bearing substrate and the inner ring bearing substrate are made of brass, stainless steel and engineering plastics.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the bearing structure of the underwater equipment is designed in a form of permanent magnet magnetic bearing, the inner ring part and the outer ring part of the bearing repel each other through magnetic force, and the two parts are not in direct contact when the shaft rotates, so that the mechanical abrasion of the traditional bearing is avoided, and the bearing structure has the advantages of low energy consumption and low noise. In addition, because the magnetic bearing avoids the direct contact of the inner ring and the outer ring, the bearing performance is ensured without applying lubrication, sealing and other modes like the traditional bearing, and the magnetic bearing has the advantages of small mechanical wear, low energy consumption, small noise, long service life, no lubrication, no oil pollution and the like, and has higher structural reliability when being used for underwater equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall assembly view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a design view of the inner race bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a design view of the outer race bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bearing magnet design of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 outer ring bearing base body, 2 outer ring bearing magnetic steels, 3, an assembly shaft 4, an inner ring bearing base body and 5 inner ring bearing magnetic steels.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises an outer ring bearing matrix 1, an outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2, an inner ring bearing matrix 4 and an inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5; the assembly shaft is also included 3, through holes are formed in the centers of the outer ring bearing base body 1 and the inner ring bearing base body 4, and the assembly shaft 3 is sleeved in the through holes of the outer ring bearing base body 1 and the inner ring bearing base body 4; the outer ring bearing matrix 1 and the inner ring bearing matrix 4 are coaxially arranged; the inner ring bearing matrix 4 is provided with an inner concave conical surface at one end surface close to the inner ring bearing matrix 4, the inner ring bearing matrix 4 is provided with an outer convex conical surface at one end surface close to the outer ring bearing matrix 1, the size tolerance and the form and location tolerance of the inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing matrix 1 and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing matrix 4 refer to the tolerance of a common rolling bearing, a plurality of outer ring bearing magnetic steels 2 with high-strength magnetic force are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing matrix 1 at intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of inner ring bearing magnetic steels 5 with high-strength magnetic force are uniformly distributed and fixed on the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing matrix 4 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the outer ring bearing magnetic steels 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steels 5 are in magnetic repulsion fit; the inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate 1 and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate 4 are respectively coated with anticorrosive and wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 are respectively installed, seawater self-lubricating is realized, and when the repulsive force is increased, the inner concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate 1 and the outer convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate 4 can be used as sliding bearing surfaces; the outer ring bearing substrate 1 and the inner ring bearing substrate 4 are made of brass, stainless steel and engineering plastics.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the inward-concave conical surface of the outer ring bearing substrate 1 and the outward-convex conical surface of the inner ring bearing substrate 4 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the length direction of each strip-shaped groove is arranged along the radial direction, a pre-magnetized outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 is fixedly installed in each strip-shaped groove of the outer ring bearing substrate 1 by epoxy ethyl glue, a pre-magnetized inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 is fixedly installed in each strip-shaped groove of the inner ring bearing substrate 4 by epoxy ethyl glue, and one side surface of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 close to the inner ring bearing substrate 4 and one side surface of the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 close to the outer ring bearing substrate 1 are arranged oppositely; the magnetic pole directions of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 are along the axial directions of the outer ring bearing base body 1 and the inner ring bearing base body 4, and the corresponding magnetic poles of all the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 at one side close to the inner ring bearing base body 4 are the same as the corresponding magnetic poles of all the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 at one side close to the outer ring bearing base body 1; the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 are both in a semi-cylindrical strip shape; the number of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 is the same as that of the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5, and the number of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the number of the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 are both 6-18, and the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5 are flexibly arranged.
The specific implementation working process of the invention is as follows:
the assembly shaft 3 is fixedly installed on underwater equipment, the assembly shaft 3 is parallel to the direction of a magnetic levitation line, the outer ring bearing base body 1 and the inner ring bearing base body 4 are respectively and fixedly embedded with a stator part and a rotor part of the underwater equipment, due to the repulsion action of the opposite surfaces of the outer ring bearing magnetic steel 2 and the inner ring bearing magnetic steel 5, the assembly shaft 3 which is almost unloaded is utilized to be supported in the direction of the reverse magnetic levitation line, the whole rotor part is formed to be suspended on a running track fixed on the assembly shaft 3, and when the repulsive force is increased, the rotor part slides in the opposite direction of the stator part along the assembly shaft 3.
The invention adopts the form of a permanent magnet magnetic bearing to design the bearing structure of the underwater equipment, the inner ring part and the outer ring part of the bearing repel each other through magnetic force, the two parts are not in direct contact when the shaft rotates, the mechanical abrasion of the traditional bearing is avoided, and the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption and low noise. In addition, because the magnetic bearing avoids the contact of the inner ring and the outer ring, the performance of the bearing is ensured without applying lubrication, sealing and other modes like the traditional bearing, and the magnetic bearing has the advantages of small mechanical wear, low energy consumption, small noise, long service life, no lubrication, no oil pollution and the like, and has higher structural reliability when being used for underwater equipment.