CN113756931A - Marine heat exchanger, heat exchange system and heat exchange control method - Google Patents
Marine heat exchanger, heat exchange system and heat exchange control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113756931A CN113756931A CN202110954714.6A CN202110954714A CN113756931A CN 113756931 A CN113756931 A CN 113756931A CN 202110954714 A CN202110954714 A CN 202110954714A CN 113756931 A CN113756931 A CN 113756931A
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- electronic throttle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
- F01P11/16—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning coolant temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
- F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P2003/001—Cooling liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P2003/008—Liquid cooling the liquid being water and oil
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2050/00—Applications
- F01P2050/02—Marine engines
- F01P2050/06—Marine engines using liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchanger for a ship, a heat exchange system and a heat exchange control method, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a body, two independent heat exchange cavities are arranged in the body, a cooling liquid inlet/outlet which is respectively communicated with the two heat exchange cavities in a one-to-one correspondence manner is arranged on the body, and an electronic throttle valve is arranged on one cooling liquid inlet/outlet; the two heat exchange cavities are internally provided with cooling core pipes, and the body is provided with an external circulating water inlet/outlet communicated with the cooling core pipes and a first temperature sensor. The heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger. The method comprises the steps of searching the opening MAP of the electronic throttle valve according to the current rotating speed and the current torque, obtaining the corresponding opening of the electronic throttle valve, and directly adjusting the electronic throttle valve when the external circulation water temperature is equal to a preset value; and otherwise, correcting the opening of the electronic throttle valve according to the measured value of the external circulation water temperature, and then adjusting the opening after correction. The invention can control the water inlet temperature of the engine to the optimal working temperature, and avoid the problems of increased friction loss, reduced mechanical efficiency and poor economy and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a marine heat exchanger, a heat exchange system and a heat exchange control method.
Background
At present, heat exchangers on marine engines are basically water-cooled, and cooling liquid is cooled by external circulating water (seawater, river water and the like). However, the temperature of the seawater varies greatly in different latitudes and different seasons, and the temperature of the water in the world ocean generally varies from-2 ℃ to 32 ℃. The change of the temperature of the external circulating water can change the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of a fresh water outlet (a cooling liquid outlet, namely an engine water inlet) of the heat exchanger deviates from a design value (an optimal working temperature). In addition, when the engine works at medium and low loads, the engine thermostat cannot be fully opened, the flow of the cooling liquid cooled by the heat exchanger is greatly reduced, the flow speed is reduced, and the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid of the heat exchanger (namely the inlet water temperature of the engine) is lower.
When the marine engine is developed, in order to meet the requirements of regulations such as steel marine vessel regulations and the like on the use environment, the heat exchangers are matched according to the boundary condition of the external circulating water at 32 ℃. Most of the outside circulating water temperature is lower than 32 ℃ in actual use, which causes that the inlet water temperature of most marine engines is lower than the designed value in actual use, and the excessively low inlet water temperature causes the friction loss of the engines to be increased, the mechanical efficiency to be reduced, and the economical efficiency and the reliability to be correspondingly deteriorated.
In view of the above, it is desirable to develop a marine heat exchanger, a heat exchange system and a heat exchange control method, which are suitable for a marine vehicle and can control the inlet water temperature of an engine to an optimal working temperature regardless of the temperature of the external circulation water.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, the invention solves the technical problem of providing a heat exchanger for a ship, a heat exchange system and a heat exchange control method; the water inlet temperature of the engine can be controlled to the optimal working temperature no matter how much the water temperature of the external circulation water, so that the problems of increased friction loss of the engine, reduced mechanical efficiency and poor economy and reliability caused by too low water inlet temperature of the engine are solved.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchanger for a ship, including a body, where a partition plate is arranged in the body and used for dividing an inner cavity of the body into a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity, which are independent of each other, and a first cooling liquid outlet and a first cooling liquid inlet which are communicated with the first heat exchange cavity, and a second cooling liquid outlet and a second cooling liquid inlet which are communicated with the second heat exchange cavity are arranged on the body of the heat exchanger; an electronic throttle valve is arranged on the first cooling liquid outlet, the first cooling liquid inlet, the second cooling liquid outlet or the second cooling liquid inlet;
a plurality of rows of cooling core pipes distributed in parallel are arranged in the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity at intervals, and an external circulating water inlet and an external circulating water outlet which are communicated with the cooling core pipes are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the body along the length direction of the cooling core pipes; the body is provided with a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the external circulating water at the external circulating water inlet.
Furthermore, a cooling liquid inlet is formed in the body, and the partition extends into the cooling liquid inlet to divide the cooling liquid inlet into the first cooling liquid inlet and the second cooling liquid inlet which are mutually independent;
the electronic throttle valve is arranged on the first cooling liquid outlet.
Further, the body includes a housing, a first end cap, and a second end cap; the partition plate is arranged in the shell, and the first end cover and the second end cover are arranged on two sides of the shell along the length direction of the cooling core pipe; the external circulating water inlet is arranged on the first end cover and communicated with the interior of the first end cover; the external circulating water outlet is arranged on the second end cover and communicated with the interior of the second end cover; all the cooling core pipes are communicated with the inside of the first end cover and the inside of the second end cover through corresponding communication holes in the side wall of the shell.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchange system, including a machine body, a thermostat communicated with a coolant outlet of the machine body, and an internal circulation water pump communicated with a coolant inlet of the machine body, wherein an outlet end of the thermostat is connected to an inlet of the internal circulation water pump; the heat exchanger for the ship also comprises the heat exchanger for the ship;
the first cooling liquid inlet and the second cooling liquid inlet are both connected with the other outlet end of the thermostat, and the first cooling liquid outlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are both connected with the inlet of the internal circulation water pump.
Furthermore, a second temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline through which the first cooling liquid outlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are communicated with the internal circulating water pump.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchange control method, based on the above heat exchange system; the heat exchange control method includes:
searching the pre-calibrated electronic throttle valve opening MAP according to the engine speed and the torque under the current operating condition, and obtaining the electronic throttle valve opening Z corresponding to the current operating condition0；
When the temperature of the external circulation water detected by the first temperature sensor is equal to a preset value A, directly according to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Adjusting the electronic throttle valve; otherwise, the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve is obtained according to the measured value B of the external circulation water temperature0And correcting and adjusting the electronic throttle valve according to the corrected opening value Z.
Further, the obtained opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0The method for performing the correction comprises the following steps:
searching a first opening correction MAP calibrated in advance according to the measured value B to obtain an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the measured value B1(ii) a The corrected opening value Z is equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by the opening correction coefficient M1；
Or according to the measured value B and the current operationSearching a second opening correction MAP calibrated in advance for the engine speed and the torque under the operating condition, and obtaining an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the current operating condition and the actually measured value B2(ii) a The corrected opening value Z is equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by the correction coefficient M2。
Further, a second temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline through which the first cooling liquid outlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are communicated with the internal circulation water pump, and the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature T of the cooling liquid entering the engine;
the calibration method of the opening MAP of the electronic throttle valve comprises the following steps: on the premise that the external circulation water temperature is equal to the preset value A, the coolant temperature T is equal to a preset value C as a target; calibrating the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under different engine speeds and torques on a bench test0(ii) a And drawing different engine rotating speeds, torques and the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Defined as said electronic throttle valve opening MAP.
Further, the calibration method of the first opening correction MAP comprises the following steps:
calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value DiAnd when the engine rotating speed is equal to a preset value n and the torque is equal to a preset value T, the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value CpSaid correction factor M1Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZpThe opening Z of the electronic throttle valve at the same rotating speed and torque0(ii) a And drawing the calibration value DiAnd the correction coefficient M1The relationship MAP/table defined as the first opening degree correction MAP;
wherein the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Further, the calibration method of the second opening correction MAP comprises the following steps:
calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value DiAt different engine speeds,The opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under the working condition of torqueqSaid correction factor M2Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZqOpening Z of electronic throttle valve under working conditions of same rotating speed and same torque0(ii) a Drawing the calibration value DiEngine speed, torque and the correction coefficient M2The relationship MAP/table defined as the second opening degree correction MAP;
wherein the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows:
the marine heat exchanger comprises a body, wherein a partition plate for dividing an inner cavity of the body into a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity which are mutually independent is arranged in the body, a first cooling liquid inlet and outlet communicated with the first heat exchange cavity and a second cooling liquid inlet and outlet communicated with the second heat exchange cavity are formed in the body, and an electronic throttle valve is arranged on one of the cooling liquid inlet and outlet; a plurality of rows of cooling core pipes distributed in parallel are arranged in the two heat exchange cavities at intervals, and an external circulating water inlet and an external circulating water outlet which are communicated with the cooling core pipes are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the body along the length direction of the cooling core pipes; the body is provided with a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the external circulating water at the external circulating water inlet. The heat exchange system comprises the marine heat exchanger. The heat exchange control method comprises the steps of searching the electronic throttle valve opening MAP calibrated in advance according to the engine speed and the torque under the current operation condition, and obtaining the electronic throttle valve opening Z corresponding to the current operation condition0When the external circulation water temperature is equal to the preset value A, the external circulation water temperature is directly determined according to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Adjusting the electronic throttle valve; otherwise, the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve is adjusted according to the measured value B of the external circulation water temperature0Correcting; and the electronic throttle valve is adjusted according to the corrected opening value Z.
The opening of the electronic throttle valve can be adjusted in real time according to the external circulation water temperature, the flow of one cooling liquid outlet is controlled, the cooling liquid is forced to enter a cooling core pipe communicated with the other cooling liquid outlet, the flow speed is accelerated, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, and the purpose of controlling the water inlet temperature of the engine is achieved.
In conclusion, the water inlet temperature of the engine can be controlled to the optimal working temperature no matter how much the water temperature of the external circulation, and the problems of increased friction loss of the engine, reduced mechanical efficiency and poor economy and reliability caused by too low water inlet temperature of the engine are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a marine heat exchanger according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 from another perspective;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 4 at C;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a heat exchange control method of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-body, 11-shell, 111-first heat exchange cavity, 112-second heat exchange cavity, 113-clapboard, 114-first cooling liquid outlet, 115-first cooling liquid inlet, 116-second cooling liquid outlet, 117-second cooling liquid inlet, 118-communicating hole, 12-first end cover, 121-external circulating water inlet, 13-second end cover, 131-external circulating water outlet, 2-electronic throttle valve, 3-cooling core pipe, 4-first temperature sensor, 5-body, 6-thermostat, 7-internal circulating water pump, 8-second temperature sensor and 9-connecting pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment discloses a heat exchanger for a ship, which includes a body 1, a partition plate 113 is disposed in the body 1 for dividing an inner cavity of the body into a first heat exchange cavity 111 and a second heat exchange cavity 112, which are independent of each other, and a first cooling liquid outlet 114 and a first cooling liquid inlet 115, which are communicated with the first heat exchange cavity 111, and a second cooling liquid outlet 116 and a second cooling liquid inlet 117, which are communicated with the second heat exchange cavity 112, are disposed on the body 1; the first cooling liquid outlet 114, the first cooling liquid inlet 115, the second cooling liquid outlet 116 or the second cooling liquid inlet 117 are provided with electronic throttle valves 2; a plurality of rows of cooling core pipes 3 distributed in parallel are arranged in the first heat exchange cavity 111 and the second heat exchange cavity 112 at intervals, and an external circulating water inlet 121 and an external circulating water outlet 131 communicated with the cooling core pipes 3 are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the body 1 along the length direction of the cooling core pipes 3; the body 1 is provided with a first temperature sensor 4 for detecting the temperature of the external circulating water at the external circulating water inlet 121.
In this embodiment, the electronic throttle valve 2 is provided on the first coolant outlet 114. The body 1 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet, and a partition plate 113 extends into the cooling liquid inlet to divide the cooling liquid inlet into a first cooling liquid inlet 115 and a second cooling liquid inlet 117 which are mutually independent; this facilitates the connection to the pipeline.
In the present embodiment, the body 1 includes a housing 11, a first end cap 12, and a second end cap 13; the partition 113 is provided in the case 11, and the first end cap 12 and the second end cap 13 are provided on both sides (first side and second side) of the case 11 in the longitudinal direction of the cooling core tube 3; the first cooling liquid outlet 114 and the second cooling liquid outlet 116 are disposed on a third side of the housing 11, the third side being adjacent to the first side and the second side; the first cooling liquid inlet 115 and the second cooling liquid inlet 117 are provided on a fourth side of the housing 11, the fourth side being opposite to the third side. The external circulating water inlet 121 is arranged on the first end cover 12 and communicated with the interior of the first end cover; the external circulating water outlet 131 is arranged on the second end cover 13 and communicated with the interior of the second end cover; all the cooling core tubes 3 communicate with the inside of the first end cap 12 and the inside of the second end cap 13 via corresponding communication holes 118 in the side wall of the housing 11.
In this embodiment, the main body 1 may be an integrated structure or a split structure, which is not limited herein.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 6, the embodiment discloses a heat exchange system, which includes a machine body 5, a thermostat 6 communicated with a coolant outlet of the machine body 5, and an internal circulation water pump 7 communicated with a coolant inlet of the machine body 5, wherein an outlet end of the thermostat 6 is connected with an inlet of the internal circulation water pump 7; the heat exchanger for the ship disclosed by the first embodiment is also included; the first cooling liquid inlet 115 and the second cooling liquid inlet 117 are both connected with the other outlet end of the thermostat 6, and the first cooling liquid outlet 114 and the second cooling liquid outlet 116 are both connected with the inlet of the internal water circulating pump 7 through the connecting pipeline 9.
In order to facilitate fault detection and calibration of the pre-factory bench test, in some embodiments, a second temperature sensor 8 is disposed on the connecting pipeline 9, and the second temperature sensor 8 is used for detecting the temperature T of the coolant (i.e., the engine intake water temperature) about to enter the engine body 5.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the present embodiment discloses a heat exchange control method based on the heat exchange system disclosed in the second embodiment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, searching the pre-calibrated electronic throttle valve opening MAP according to the engine speed and the torque under the current operation condition, and obtaining the electronic throttle valve opening Z corresponding to the current operation condition0。
S2, judging whether the temperature of the external circulation water detected by the first temperature sensor 4 is equal to a preset value A (a constant value is generally 32 ℃); if yes, go to step S3; otherwise, step S4 is executed.
S3, (Engine ECU, or controller capable of data interaction with Engine ECU) directly based on electronic throttle opening Z0The electronic throttle valve 2 is adjusted.
S4, obtaining the electronic throttle valve opening Z according to the measured value B of the external circulation water temperature0Correction is performed, and the electronic throttle valve 2 is adjusted in accordance with the corrected opening value Z.
In some implementations, the obtained electronic throttle opening Z0The method for performing the correction comprises the following steps:
a. searching a first opening correction MAP calibrated in advance according to the measured value B to obtain an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the measured value B1(ii) a Corrected opening degreeThe value Z being equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by an opening correction coefficient M1(ii) a At the moment, the operation condition is not considered; that is, the opening degree correction coefficient M1 corresponding to the actual measurement value B does not change depending on the engine speed and the torque, and is only related to the magnitude of the actual measurement value B.
In other embodiments, the obtained electronic throttle opening Z is0The method for performing the correction comprises the following steps:
b. searching a second pre-calibrated opening correction MAP according to the measured value B and the engine speed and torque under the current operating condition to obtain an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the current operating condition and the measured value B2(ii) a The corrected opening value Z is equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by a correction factor M2(ii) a That is, the opening degree correction coefficient M corresponding to the actual measurement value B2The engine speed and the torque are correspondingly changed; relating to the engine speed, the torque and the magnitude of the measured value B.
In this embodiment, the second temperature sensor 8 is disposed on the connecting pipeline 9; the calibration method of the opening MAP of the electronic throttle valve comprises the following steps: on the premise that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a preset value A (32 ℃), the temperature T of the cooling liquid (the temperature of inlet water of the engine) is equal to a preset value C; calibrating the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under different engine rotating speeds and torques on a bench test0(ii) a And drawing different engine rotating speeds, torques and electronic throttle valve opening degrees Z0Defined as the electronic throttle opening MAP. The electronic throttle valve opening MAP is calibrated on the premise that the external circulation water temperature is equal to a preset value A (32 ℃); therefore, when the temperature of the external circulation water detected by the first temperature sensor 4 in the above control method step S3 is equal to the preset value a, it is not necessary to control the electronic throttle valve opening Z0And (5) correcting and directly calling.
In this embodiment, the calibration method for the first opening correction MAP includes: calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value Di(calibration value D)iA plurality of engine speed values, usually obtained in decreasing steps based on the preset value A), and the engine speed is equal to the preset value n (which may be a median value, an average value or a maximum value)) When the torque is equal to a preset value T (which may correspond to a median value, an average value or a maximum value), the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the coolant is equal to a preset value CpCorrection coefficient M1Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZpElectronic throttle valve opening Z under same rotating speed and torque0(ii) a And draw a calibration value DiAnd a correction coefficient M1Defined as the first opening degree correction MAP. Wherein, the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
In this embodiment, the calibration method for the second opening correction MAP includes: calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value Di(calibration value D)iA plurality of electronic throttle valve openings Z which are generally obtained by descending in set steps on the basis of the preset value A), when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under the working conditions of different engine speeds and torquesqCorrection coefficient M2Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZqElectronic throttle valve opening Z under same rotating speed and torque working conditions0(ii) a Drawing the calibration value DiEngine speed, torque and the correction coefficient M2The relationship MAP/table defined as the second opening degree correction MAP; wherein, the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is described with the difference from the other embodiments; the same or similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other; for the method disclosed in the third embodiment, the description is simple because it corresponds to the system in the second embodiment, and for the relevant points, refer to the description of the system part.
The opening of the electronic throttle valve 2 can be adjusted in real time according to the external circulation water temperature, the flow of the first cooling liquid outlet 114 is controlled, the cooling liquid is forced to enter the cooling core pipe 3 communicated with the second cooling liquid outlet 116, the flow rate is accelerated, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, and the purpose of controlling the water inlet temperature of the engine is achieved.
In conclusion, the water inlet temperature of the engine can be controlled to the optimal working temperature no matter how much the water temperature of the external circulation, and the problems of increased friction loss of the engine, reduced mechanical efficiency and poor economy and reliability caused by too low water inlet temperature of the engine are solved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat exchanger for a ship comprises a body, wherein a partition plate for dividing an inner cavity of the body into a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity which are mutually independent is arranged in the body, and a first cooling liquid outlet and a first cooling liquid inlet which are communicated with the first heat exchange cavity, and a second cooling liquid outlet and a second cooling liquid inlet which are communicated with the second heat exchange cavity are arranged on the body; an electronic throttle valve is arranged on the first cooling liquid outlet, the first cooling liquid inlet, the second cooling liquid outlet or the second cooling liquid inlet;
a plurality of rows of cooling core pipes distributed in parallel are arranged in the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity at intervals, and an external circulating water inlet and an external circulating water outlet which are communicated with the cooling core pipes are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the body along the length direction of the cooling core pipes; the body is provided with a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the external circulating water at the external circulating water inlet.
2. The marine heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the body is provided with a coolant inlet, and the partition extends into the coolant inlet to divide the coolant inlet into the first coolant inlet and the second coolant inlet which are independent of each other;
the electronic throttle valve is arranged on the first cooling liquid outlet.
3. The marine heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a shell, a first end cap, and a second end cap; the partition plate is arranged in the shell, and the first end cover and the second end cover are arranged on two sides of the shell along the length direction of the cooling core pipe; the external circulating water inlet is arranged on the first end cover and communicated with the interior of the first end cover; the external circulating water outlet is arranged on the second end cover and communicated with the interior of the second end cover; all the cooling core pipes are communicated with the inside of the first end cover and the inside of the second end cover through corresponding communication holes in the side wall of the shell.
4. A heat exchange system comprises a machine body, a thermostat and an internal circulating water pump, wherein the thermostat is communicated with a cooling liquid outlet of the machine body, the internal circulating water pump is communicated with a cooling liquid inlet of the machine body, and one outlet end of the thermostat is connected with an inlet of the internal circulating water pump; characterized in that it further comprises a heat exchanger for ships according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the first cooling liquid inlet and the second cooling liquid inlet are both connected with the other outlet end of the thermostat, and the first cooling liquid outlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are both connected with the inlet of the internal circulation water pump.
5. The heat exchange system according to claim 4, wherein a second temperature sensor is provided on a pipeline through which the first cooling liquid outlet and the second cooling liquid outlet communicate with the internal circulation water pump.
6. A heat exchange control method, characterized in that, based on the heat exchange system of claim 4; the heat exchange control method includes:
searching the pre-calibrated electronic throttle valve opening MAP according to the engine speed and the torque under the current operating condition, and obtaining the electronic throttle valve opening Z corresponding to the current operating condition0；
When the temperature of the external circulation water detected by the first temperature sensor is equal to a preset value A, directly according to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Adjusting the electronic throttle valve; otherwise, the obtained electronic joint is subjected to the measured value B of the external circulation water temperatureOpening degree Z of flow valve0And correcting and adjusting the electronic throttle valve according to the corrected opening value Z.
7. The heat exchange control method according to claim 6, wherein the obtained electronic throttle opening Z is0The method for performing the correction comprises the following steps:
searching a first opening correction MAP calibrated in advance according to the measured value B to obtain an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the measured value B1(ii) a The corrected opening value Z is equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by the opening correction coefficient M1；
Or searching a second pre-calibrated opening correction MAP according to the measured value B and the engine speed and torque under the current operating condition to obtain an opening correction coefficient M corresponding to the current operating condition and the measured value B2(ii) a The corrected opening value Z is equal to the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Multiplying by the correction coefficient M2。
8. The heat exchange control method according to claim 7, wherein a second temperature sensor for detecting a temperature T of coolant that is about to enter an engine is provided on a pipe where the first coolant outlet and the second coolant outlet communicate with the internal circulation water pump;
the calibration method of the opening MAP of the electronic throttle valve comprises the following steps: on the premise that the external circulation water temperature is equal to the preset value A, the coolant temperature T is equal to a preset value C as a target; calibrating the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under different engine speeds and torques on a bench test0(ii) a And drawing different engine rotating speeds, torques and the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve0Defined as said electronic throttle valve opening MAP.
9. The heat exchange control method as set forth in claim 8, wherein the calibration method of the first opening degree-corrected MAP includes:
calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value DiAnd when the engine rotating speed is equal to a preset value n and the torque is equal to a preset value T, the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value CpSaid correction factor M1Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZpThe opening Z of the electronic throttle valve at the same rotating speed and torque0(ii) a And drawing the calibration value DiAnd the correction coefficient M1The relationship MAP/table defined as the first opening degree correction MAP;
wherein the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
10. The heat exchange control method as set forth in claim 8, wherein the calibration method of the second opening degree-corrected MAP includes:
calibrating that the temperature of the external circulation water is equal to a calibration value DiAnd the opening Z of the electronic throttle valve when the temperature T of the cooling liquid is equal to the preset value C under the working conditions of different engine rotating speeds and different torquesqSaid correction factor M2Electronic throttle valve opening degree ZqOpening Z of electronic throttle valve under working conditions of same rotating speed and same torque0(ii) a Drawing the calibration value DiEngine speed, torque and the correction coefficient M2The relationship MAP/table defined as the second opening degree correction MAP;
wherein the calibration value DiNot equal to the preset value A, and i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
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