CN113754354B - Concrete material adopting multi-element composite base system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete material adopting multi-element composite base system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113754354B CN113754354B CN202111084218.6A CN202111084218A CN113754354B CN 113754354 B CN113754354 B CN 113754354B CN 202111084218 A CN202111084218 A CN 202111084218A CN 113754354 B CN113754354 B CN 113754354B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete material adopting a multielement composite base system and a preparation method thereof, wherein each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 80-98 kg of basalt powder, 52-74 kg of basalt scales, 64-76 kg of basalt fiber fabrics, 50-60 kg of deadwood powder, 60-70 kg of mica powder, 90-125 kg of calcium carbonate, 46-58 kg of diatomite, 420-480 kg of cement, 160-200 kg of water, 80-90 kg of silica fume, 90-100 kg of fly ash, 1120-1200 kg of sand and 53-68 kg of water reducing agent. The concrete material provided by the invention has the advantages of high compressive strength, good anti-cracking capability and good corrosion resistance, and the preparation process of the concrete material provided by the invention is simple, the product quality is controllable, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the concrete material is very suitable for industrial production, and the application and wide popularization of the concrete material are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a concrete material adopting a multi-element composite base system and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete material in the prior art has poor permeability resistance and mechanical property due to cracks and the like. Under the dual destructive factors of load and external severe environment corrosion, the durability of the concrete structure is sharply reduced. Therefore, the reinforcing material is added on the basis of the existing concrete to improve the mechanical property and the anti-permeability property of the concrete, and the service life of the concrete structure is prolonged from the material layer surface.
At present, glass flakes are often added into concrete to improve the performance of the concrete, but the alkali corrosion resistance of the concrete is poor. Graphene oxide is also added to fill up pores to improve the impermeability, but the treatment method is complex and the material cost is high (application number: CN 108640609A). The method of adding multiple materials of glass flake, basalt powder and basalt fiber civil fabric to improve the performance of concrete is reported, but the materials are different material systems, the problem of interface compatibility can limit the performance, and the improvement of the overall performance of the concrete is limited.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a concrete material with the same material system and different material states so as to realize the performances of high strength, cracking resistance and corrosion resistance of the concrete, and the concrete material can be suitable for various scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a concrete material using a multi-component composite-based system and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a concrete material adopting a multi-element composite base system comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight per cubic concrete: 80-98 kg of basalt powder, 52-74 kg of basalt flakes, 64-76 kg of basalt fiber fabric, 50-60 kg of dead branch powder, 60-70 kg of mica powder, 90-125 kg of calcium carbonate, 46-58 kg of diatomite, 420-480 kg of cement, 160-200 kg of water, 80-90 kg of silica fume, 90-100 kg of fly ash, 1120-1200 kg of sand and 53-68 kg of a water reducing agent; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
preferably, each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 85-98 kg of basalt powder, 68-74 kg of basalt scales, 64-70 kg of basalt fiber fabrics, 50-60 kg of deadwood powder, 65-70 kg of mica powder, 90-105 kg of calcium carbonate, 46-58 kg of diatomite, 460kg of cement, 195kg of water, 85kg of silica fume, 95kg of fly ash, 1160kg of sand and 58kg of water reducing agent; the particle size of the basalt powder is 5-8 mu m; the thickness of the basalt scales is 1-4 mu m, and the size of the basalt scales is 0.1-0.5 mm; the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 5-8 mm multiplied by 5-8 mm, and the number of layers is 2-4; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
more preferably, each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 92kg of basalt powder, 70kg of basalt scales, 68kg of basalt fiber fabric, 55kg of dead branch powder, 65kg of mica powder, 98kg of calcium carbonate, 52kg of diatomite, 460kg of cement, 195kg of water, 85kg of silica fume, 95kg of fly ash, 1160kg of sand and 58kg of water reducing agent; the particle size of the basalt powder is 7 mu m; the thickness of the basalt scales is 2 mu m, and the size of the basalt scales is 0.35 mm; the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 6mm multiplied by 6mm, and the number of layers is 3; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%; the basalt fiber fabric and the basalt scales with specific specifications are easy to reduce the internal anisotropy, and are beneficial to being embedded into a mortar matrix to form a material system with good compatibility.
The basalt fiber fabric is a polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric, and is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2-3, adding the mixed solution into the basalt fiber fabric, reacting for 3-5 hours at 180-200 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing with water at 60-80 ℃ for 20-30 min, and drying at 50-60 ℃ until the water content is less than 8%; the mixed solution is prepared by mixing the following components in a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of polyamic acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone are stirred and mixed; after the polyimide graft modification, the formation of the fiber bundles in the fabric into a whole can be promoted, the interface performance can be enhanced, and the adhesive force between the fabric and a substrate can be improved.
The interactive structure is formed by taking the dispersion liquid of basalt flakes, mica powder, calcium carbonate, basalt powder, dead branch powder and diatomite as a matrix and adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand as a supporting structure of the matrix, and the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric is added in the interactive structure to cooperate with the matrix, so that the abrasion among components can be reduced, the connecting force among the components in the interactive structure can be increased, the structural defects can be compensated, and the performance of the concrete material can be improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete material adopting the multi-element composite base system, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing basalt flakes, mica powder and calcium carbonate, adding 20-25% of the total weight of formula water, stirring for 10-15 min, adding basalt powder, deadwood powder and diatomite, stirring for 10-15 min, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting ultrasonic power of 800-900W, ultrasonic frequency of 20-30 KHz and ultrasonic time of 15-20 min, and obtaining dispersion liquid; through step-by-step stirring and ultrasonic treatment, the interface compatibility among the components is favorably improved, the dispersion of the components can be promoted by utilizing the mechanical action of ultrasonic, and a porous matrix is formed;
step S2: removing air from a ball milling tank by adopting argon, performing ball milling treatment on the dispersion liquid at the speed of 200-400 r/min for 8-10 h, heating to 90-100 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/h, continuously stirring at the speed of 600-800 r/min in the heating process, stopping stirring after the heating is finished, keeping the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to reduce the water content of the dispersion liquid to 20-30%, adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand, stirring for 40-50 min, adding basalt fiber fabric, residual water and a water reducing agent, and continuously stirring for 40-50 min to obtain a concrete preparation material; ball milling is adopted, a certain heating rate is controlled, Van der Waals force can be enhanced, gap water generated in cement mortar can be reduced, the loss rate of water content in the cement mortar can be controlled, and the problem that the stability of a supporting structure is influenced due to the fact that the compactness of a base body is reduced due to too fast loss of water is solved;
step S3: injecting the concrete preparation material into a mold, centrifuging at 1400-1500 r/min for 20-30 min, demolding, and curing by adopting steam: the curing is divided into two stages, and the first stage curing is as follows: keeping the temperature at 80-90 ℃ for 2-3 h, pressurizing to 0.8-1.2 MPa, spraying steam at 120-140 ℃ once every 20-25 min, wherein the spraying amount of the steam is 0.6-0.8 vvm each time, and the first-stage curing time is 10-12 h; the second stage of curing is as follows: stopping spraying the steam, cooling to 50-60 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/h, keeping for 6-8 h, and then continuously cooling to room temperature at the speed of 4-6 ℃/h to obtain a concrete material; through specific steam curing, the impact force and heat of steam can be utilized to further improve the compactness of the interactive structure, improve the plastic cracks generated after the concrete material is poured and improve the strength and the caking property.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the concrete material is selected precisely, scientific proportioning is combined, the materials of the same system, material systems in different states and multi-element minerals are used for mixing, the problems of interface compatibility and compactness of the concrete are solved, the compressive strength, the cracking resistance and the corrosion resistance of the concrete are effectively improved, the appearance of engineering application can be kept for a long time, the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost are reduced, the usability and the durability are prolonged, and the concrete is suitable for application in various scenes, particularly engineering application in saline-alkali areas.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The basalt fiber fabric adopted in the test is produced by Sichuan aerospace Tuxin basalt industry Limited, and adopts a warp and weft weaving mode.
The water reducing agent adopted in the test is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent produced by Nanchangdefen scientific and technological development Limited company, and the water reducing rate is 25%.
Example 1-preparation of a concrete Material Using a Multi-element composite base System
The concrete material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight per cubic concrete:
1-7, treating the rest components: 65kg of mica powder, 460kg of cement, 195kg of water, 85kg of silica fume, 95kg of fly ash, 1160kg of sand and 58kg of water reducing agent; the particle size of the basalt powder is 7 mu m, the thickness of the basalt scale is 2 mu m, the size is 0.35mm, the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 6mm multiplied by 6mm, and the number of layers is 3;
the preparation method of the basalt fiber fabric comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, adding a basalt fiber fabric into the basalt fiber fabric according to a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of mixed solution formed by mixing polyamic acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone, reacting for 3 hours at 180 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing for 20 minutes by adopting water at 60 ℃, and drying at 50 ℃ until the moisture content is less than 8 percent to obtain the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric;
the preparation method of the concrete material treated by 1-7 comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the basalt flakes, the mica powder and the calcium carbonate, adding 20 percent of the total weight of the formula water, stirring for 12min, adding the basalt powder, the dead branch powder and the diatomite, stirring for 12min, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting ultrasonic power of 800W, ultrasonic frequency of 20KHz and ultrasonic time of 18min, and obtaining dispersion liquid;
step S2: removing air from a ball milling tank by adopting argon, performing ball milling treatment on the dispersion liquid at 200r/min for 8 hours, transferring the dispersion liquid into a heating furnace, heating the heating furnace to 90 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/h, continuously stirring at a speed of 600r/min in the heating process, stopping stirring after the heating is finished, keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ to reduce the water content of the dispersion liquid to 20%, adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand, stirring for 45 minutes, adding a basalt fiber fabric, the rest water and a water reducing agent, and continuously stirring for 45 minutes to obtain a concrete preparation material;
step S3: injecting the concrete preparation material into a mould, centrifuging at 1400r/min for 20min, demoulding, and curing by adopting steam, wherein the curing is divided into two stages, and the first stage is as follows: keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, spraying 120 ℃ steam once every 20min, wherein the spraying amount of the steam is 0.6vvm each time, and the curing time of the first stage is 10h totally; the second stage of curing is as follows: stopping spraying the steam, cooling to 55 ℃ at the cooling rate of 4 ℃/h, keeping for 6h, and then continuously cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 4 ℃/h to obtain the concrete material.
Example 2-preparation of a concrete Material Using a Multi-element composite base System
According to the component formula and the preparation method of the treatment 1, the difference lies in that the specifications of basalt powder, basalt scales and basalt fiber fabrics are different, as shown in table 2:
test example-Performance test
The experimental method comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) testing a compression test: according to the standard of concrete physical mechanical property test method (GB/T50081-2019), the concrete compressive strength of a cube of 150mm multiplied by 150mm is used for testing.
(2) And (3) crack resistance test testing: according to the standard of test methods for long-term performance and durability of common concrete (GB/T50082-2009), a planar thin plate type steel mould with the thickness of 800mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 100mm is adopted, the thickness of a side plate and the thickness of a bottom plate are both 6mm, and the wind speed is set to be 5 m/s; concrete sampling is carried out according to the specification of general concrete mixture performance test method Standard (GBT50080-2016), 3 places of the same disc of concrete are respectively sampled, 3 times are taken at each place, the anti-cracking performance of the concrete is tested, and the total cracking area of unit area is calculated.
(3) Sulfate corrosion resistance test: according to standard of test methods for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete (GB/T50082-2009), concrete with a cube of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is adopted to carry out an anti-corrosion test of a sodium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 15%; and soaking the test piece in a sodium sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 15% for 16h, drying at 80 ℃ for 6h, cooling for 2h, performing dry-wet circulation for 24h, performing 15 cycles in total, and calculating the mass corrosion resistance coefficient.
The concrete performance test results are shown in table 3:
the concrete material provided by the invention has the advantages of high compressive strength, good crack resistance and good corrosion resistance, and the scientific proportion is adopted, the selected raw materials are combined, the interface compatibility is good, the overall performance of the concrete can be improved, the product quality standard is met, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the manufacturing cost is low, and the industrial production can be realized.
The specification and the size of the materials are adjusted by processing 1-3 and 1-4, the total cracking area of the concrete is larger, the materials processed by processing 1-3 are too fine, the same materials in different states are not beneficial to being in a stable compatible interface system, the processing cost is increased, and the method is not a better choice; the proportion of partial components is adjusted by processing 5-7, and the compressive strength, the total cracking area and the corrosion resistance coefficient are all not ideal, so that the method disclosed by the invention adopts the dispersion liquid prepared in a certain proportion as a matrix, so that the coarse and fine particles have good filling degree, and the interface cementation with a support structure is improved.
Example 3-preparation of a concrete Material Using a multicomponent composite base System
The preparation method of the concrete material according to the same component formulation of the treatment 1 comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the basalt flakes, the mica powder and the calcium carbonate, adding 22 percent of the total weight of the formula water, stirring for 12min, adding the basalt powder, the dead branch powder and the diatomite, stirring for 12min, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting ultrasonic power of 850W, ultrasonic frequency of 25KHz and ultrasonic time of 18min, and obtaining dispersion liquid;
step S2: removing air from a ball milling tank by adopting argon, performing ball milling treatment on the dispersion liquid at 300r/min for 9h, transferring the dispersion liquid into a heating furnace, heating the heating furnace to 95 ℃ at a heating rate of 9 ℃/h, continuously stirring at a speed of 700r/min in the heating process, stopping stirring after the heating is finished, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ to reduce the water content of the dispersion liquid to 25%, adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand, stirring for 45min, adding a basalt fiber fabric, the rest water and a water reducing agent, and continuously stirring for 45min to obtain a concrete preparation material;
the preparation method of the basalt fiber fabric comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, adding a mixture of basalt fiber fabric and a mixture of basalt fiber fabric in a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of mixed solution formed by mixing polyamic acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone, reacting for 4h at 190 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing with water at 70 ℃ for 25min, and drying at 55 ℃ until the moisture content is less than 8 percent to obtain the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric;
step S3: injecting the concrete preparation material into a mould, centrifuging at 1450r/min for 25min, demoulding, and curing by adopting steam in two stages, wherein the first stage of curing is as follows: keeping the temperature at 85 ℃ for 3h, pressurizing to 1.0MPa, spraying 130 ℃ steam once every 22min, wherein the spraying amount of the steam is 0.7vvm each time, and the curing time of the first stage is 11h in total; the second stage of maintenance comprises: stopping spraying the steam, cooling to 55 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/h, keeping for 7h, and continuing cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/h to obtain the concrete material.
Through experimental tests, the compressive strength of 74.5MPa and the total cracking area of 94.40mm of example 3 2 And a mass corrosion resistance coefficient of 1.33%.
Example 4-preparation of a concrete Material Using a multicomponent composite base System
According to the same component formulation of example 3, the preparation method of the concrete material comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing basalt flakes, mica powder and calcium carbonate, adding 25 wt% of formula water, stirring for 15min, adding basalt powder, deadwood powder and diatomite, stirring for 15min, performing ultrasonic treatment by adopting ultrasonic power of 900W, ultrasonic frequency of 30KHz and ultrasonic time of 20min, and obtaining dispersion;
step S2: removing air from a ball milling tank by adopting argon, performing ball milling treatment on the dispersion liquid at 400r/min for 10h, transferring the dispersion liquid into a heating furnace, heating the heating furnace to 100 ℃ at a heating rate of 9 ℃/h, continuously stirring at 700r/min in the heating process, stopping stirring after the heating is finished, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ to reduce the water content of the dispersion liquid to 30%, adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand, stirring for 50min, adding a basalt fiber fabric, the rest water and a water reducing agent, and continuously stirring for 45min to obtain a concrete preparation material;
the preparation method comprises the following steps of: according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, adding a basalt fiber fabric into the basalt fiber fabric according to a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of mixed solution formed by mixing polyamic acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone, reacting for 5 hours at 200 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing for 30 minutes by adopting water at 80 ℃, and drying at 60 ℃ until the moisture content is less than 8 percent to obtain the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric;
step S3: injecting the concrete preparation material into a mould, centrifuging for 30min at 1500r/min, demoulding, and curing by adopting steam in two stages, wherein the first-stage curing is as follows: keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 3h, pressurizing to 1.2MPa, spraying 140 ℃ steam once every 25min, wherein the spraying amount of the steam is 0.8vvm each time, and the curing time of the first stage is 12h totally; the second stage of curing is as follows: stopping spraying the steam, cooling to 60 ℃ at the cooling rate of 6 ℃/h, keeping for 8h, and then continuously cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 6 ℃/h to obtain the concrete material.
Through experimental tests, the compressive strength of example 4 is 73.5MPa, and the total cracking area is 95.85mm 2 And a mass corrosion resistance coefficient of 1.25%.
Example 5-preparation of a concrete Material Using a multicomponent composite base System
The same component formulation as in example 3, with the following differences: the preparation method of the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric is different, namely, the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric is prepared by the following steps of: 5, adding a mixture of basalt fiber fabrics and a mixture of basalt fiber fabrics in a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1, reacting for 4 hours at 250 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing for 25min by adopting 70 ℃ water, and drying at 55 ℃ until the moisture content is less than 8 percent to obtain the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric.
Through experimental tests, the compressive strength of example 5 is 67.7MPa, and the total cracking area is 228.25mm 2 And a mass corrosion resistance coefficient of 1.00%.
Example 6-preparation of a concrete Material Using a multicomponent composite base System
The same component formulation as in example 3, with the following differences: the operation of spraying steam is not adopted in the maintenance stage, namely, the concrete preparation material is injected into the mould, the centrifugal operation is carried out for 30min at 1500r/min, the demoulding operation is carried out, the high-temperature maintenance is adopted, the maintenance is divided into two stages, and the first-stage maintenance is as follows: keeping at 85 ℃ for 3h, pressurizing to 1.2MPa, and keeping at 85 ℃ for 7 h; the second stage of curing is as follows: cooling to 55 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/h for 7h, and then continuously cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/h to obtain the concrete material.
Through experimental tests, the compressive strength of the concrete of example 6 is 62.2MPa, and the total cracking area is 320.75mm 2 And a mass corrosion resistance coefficient of 1.01%.
Comparative example 1-preparation of concrete Material Using Multi-element composite base System
The same preparation as in example 3 is followed, with the difference that: the raw material components are different, namely, each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 120kg of basalt powder, 90kg of basalt scales, 85kg of basalt fiber fabrics, 75kg of dead branch powder, 80kg of mica powder, 155kg of calcium carbonate, 65kg of diatomite, 550kg of cement, 250kg of water, 105kg of silica fume, 110kg of fly ash, 1300kg of sand and 75kg of water reducing agent; the particle size of the basalt powder is 10 mu m, the thickness of the basalt flake is 5 mu m, the size is 0.7mm, the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 10mm multiplied by 10mm, the number of layers is 5, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps of: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, adding a basalt fiber fabric into the basalt fiber fabric according to a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of mixed solution formed by mixing polyamic acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone, reacting for 4 hours at 190 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing for 25 minutes by adopting water at 70 ℃, and drying at 55 ℃ until the moisture content is less than 8 percent to obtain the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric.
Through experimental tests, the compressive strength of the comparative example 1 is 55.8MPa, and the total cracking area is 395.00mm 2 And a mass corrosion resistance coefficient of 0.71%.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the components are scientifically proportioned and the preparation process of the specific concrete material is combined, so that a multilayer network crosslinking composite base system of a laminated layer-particles can be formed, and the performances of the concrete material, in particular the performances of the compressive strength, the crack resistance and the corrosion resistance of the concrete, are improved.
In conclusion, the concrete material prepared by the invention has high compressive strength and high cracking resistance and corrosion resistance, is suitable for application in various scenes, can be widely applied to projects such as highways, tunnels, bridges and the like in saline areas, has simple preparation process, controllable product quality and cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and can realize industrial production.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A concrete material adopting a multielement composite base system is characterized in that each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 85-98 kg of basalt powder, 68-74 kg of basalt flakes, 64-70 kg of basalt fiber fabric, 50-60 kg of dead branch powder, 65-70 kg of mica powder, 90-105 kg of calcium carbonate, 46-58 kg of diatomite, 460kg of cement, 195kg of water, 85kg of silica fume, 95kg of fly ash, 1160kg of sand and 58kg of water reducing agent;
the particle size of the basalt powder is 5-8 mu m; the thickness of the basalt scales is 1-4 mu m, and the size of the basalt scales is 0.1-0.5 mm; the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 5-8 mm multiplied by 5-8 mm, and the number of layers is 2-4; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the basalt fiber fabric is a polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric, and the polyimide grafted basalt fiber fabric is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 2-3, adding a mixture of basalt fiber fabric and a mixture of basalt fiber fabric, wherein the mixture is prepared from the following raw materials in a molar ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.6 of mixed solution formed by mixing polyamide acid, acetic anhydride and methyl pyrrolidone, reacting for 3-5 h at 180-200 ℃ in nitrogen, taking out the basalt fiber fabric, washing with water at 60-80 ℃ for 20-30 min, and drying at 50-60 ℃ until the water content is less than 8% to obtain the basalt fiber fabric;
the preparation method of the concrete material comprises the following preparation methods:
step S1: mixing the basalt flakes, the mica powder and the calcium carbonate, adding water accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the formula water, stirring for 10-15 min, adding the basalt powder, the dead branch powder and the diatomite, stirring for 10-15 min, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a dispersion liquid;
step S2: performing ball milling treatment on the dispersion, heating to 90-100 ℃, continuously stirring at a speed of 600-800 r/min in the heating process, stopping stirring after heating is finished, keeping the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to reduce the water content of the dispersion to 20-30%, adding cement, silica fume, fly ash and sand, stirring for 40-50 min, adding basalt fiber fabric, residual water and a water reducing agent, and continuously stirring for 40-50 min to obtain a concrete pre-prepared material;
step S3: and injecting the concrete preparation material into a mold, centrifuging at 1400-1500 r/min for 20-30 min, demolding, and curing by adopting steam to obtain the concrete material.
2. The concrete material adopting the multi-component composite base system according to claim 1, wherein each cubic concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight: 92kg of basalt powder, 70kg of basalt scales, 68kg of basalt fiber fabric, 55kg of dead branch powder, 65kg of mica powder, 98kg of calcium carbonate, 52kg of diatomite, 460kg of cement, 195kg of water, 85kg of silica fume, 95kg of fly ash, 1160kg of sand and 58kg of water reducing agent;
the particle size of the basalt powder is 7 mu m; the thickness of the basalt scales is 2 mu m, and the size of the basalt scales is 0.35 mm; the specification of the basalt fiber fabric is 6mm multiplied by 6mm, and the number of layers is 3; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
3. The concrete material adopting the multi-component composite base system according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ultrasonic treatment is performed at an ultrasonic power of 800-900W and an ultrasonic frequency of 20-30 KHz for 15-20 min.
4. The concrete material using the multi-component composite-based system according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the ball milling treatment is: argon is used for removing air, and ball milling is carried out for 8-10 h at the speed of 200-400 r/min.
5. The concrete material using the multi-component composite-based system according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the temperature rise rate is 8-10 ℃/h.
6. The concrete material using the multi-component composite-based system according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the steam curing is: the curing is divided into two stages, and the first stage curing is as follows: keeping the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 2-3 h, pressurizing to 0.8-1.2 MPa, and spraying steam at 120-140 ℃ once every 20-25 min; the second stage of curing is as follows: stopping spraying the steam, cooling to 50-60 ℃, keeping for 6-8 h, and continuously cooling to room temperature.
7. The concrete material adopting the multi-element composite base system according to claim 6, wherein in the first-stage curing, the steam injection amount is 0.6-0.8 vvm, and the first-stage curing time is 10-12 h; and in the second-stage curing, the cooling rate is 4-6 ℃/h.
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