CN113753503A

CN113753503A - Screw feeder

Info

Publication number: CN113753503A
Application number: CN202111091524.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方旭东; 方悦琳; 凌石敏; 余建华; 方升东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2021-09-17
Publication date: 2021-12-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a screw feeder which comprises a shell, a screw penetrating into the shell and a motor driving the screw to rotate, wherein the screw comprises a screw shaft and a screw blade arranged on the screw shaft, one end of the shell is provided with a feeding hole, the other end of the shell is provided with a discharging hole, the shell comprises a shell main body of a circular tube structure and two end plates connected to two ends of the shell main body in a sealing mode, the screw shaft extends along the left-right direction, two ends of the screw shaft are connected to the end plates in a sealing mode in a rotating mode, and the end plates are connected with the shell main body in a vertically movable mode along the radial direction of the shell main body. The invention aims to provide a screw feeder with a radially adjustable screw for conveying garbage, which solves the problem that the garbage at the bottom of a shell is retained after blades of the conventional screw feeder are abraded.

Description

Screw feeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to an environment-friendly machine, in particular to a screw feeder.

Background

The fluidized bed incineration technology is a novel clean incineration technology which is introduced and rapidly developed after digestion in the early seventies of the last century, and has the advantages of convenient operation, stable operation, good durability, long service life, high combustion efficiency, wide load regulation range, low pollutant discharge and high combustion heat intensity in a furnace. The fluidized bed incineration technology is mature and applied to a coal-fired power station boiler at first, and is developed by Zhejiang university after the nineties in the last century to test and demonstrate in the aspect of waste incineration treatment and popularize and apply.

Fluidized bed garbage incineration has been developed for more than 20 years since the application of 90 years in the last century, and in the process of improving and developing the technology of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator, a feeding device matched with the technology of the fluidized bed garbage incineration is also subjected to crank push plate feeding, triple hydraulic piston feeding, chain plate machine feeding, shaftless spiral feeding and roller feeding in sequence along with the improvement and development; the best roller feeding device is applied at present, the problems of uneven feeding and over-standard CO emission of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator are well solved, and the best roller feeding device is a feeding device commonly applied to the fluidized bed garbage incineration at present. However, the screw feeder has not been used for feeding in waste incineration because of the following reasons: the spiral blade is worn and abraded, and the garbage can be retained in the shell, so that the environmental protection performance is poor; the phenomenon of extruding into strips can be generated in the material conveying process, and the strips are easy to cross over the discharge hole to cause discharge blockage when being formed; the materials are compressed during conveying, so that the materials cannot be scattered and fall to be sufficiently burnt, and the tail gas emission is easy to reach the standard during burning; need the material of longer length to seal and just can realize that the feeding is sealed and prevent that gaseous pollutants from discharging from the feed inlet, lead to the feeding homogeneity poor this moment easily, the tail gas that produces when the inhomogeneous same that can lead to the burning of feeding is not up to standard.

The best roller feeding device is applied at present, the problems of uneven feeding and over-standard CO emission of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator are well solved, and the best roller feeding device is a feeding device commonly applied to the fluidized bed garbage incineration at present.

Although the roller feeder is the best feeding device currently used in the fluidized bed garbage incinerator, some defects are gradually shown along with the application of the roller feeder, and the defects are mainly shown in the following aspects:

1. the roller feeder is of a cavity structure, the diameter of the cylinder is large, and the occupied area is large.

2. The roller feeder is driven by a chain wheel, the roller body is supported on a riding wheel by a roller path, and the roller path and the riding wheel are worn along with the extension of the running time, particularly the abrasion of the roller path of the roller body has no repairability.

3. The cylinder body and the feeding and discharging end of the roller feeder are of a dynamic sealing structure, the sealing performance in operation is deteriorated along with the extension of the operation period, and sites of air leakage, material leakage and the like exist.

4. The feed inlet of the roller feeder is in a structure of a reducing or throat part in a feeding system, and the feed end is easy to accumulate and block and feed unevenly during large-flow feeding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a screw feeder with a radially adjustable screw for conveying garbage, which solves the problem that the garbage at the bottom of a shell is retained after the blades of the conventional screw feeder are worn.

The invention aims to provide the screw feeder with the protective blocking guide vane for conveying the garbage, which can effectively prevent the generation of discharge blocking, and solves the problem that the conventional screw feeder is easy to generate discharge blocking.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a variable-pitch screw feeder for conveying garbage, which can preferably prevent the garbage from being compacted in the garbage conveying process, and solve the problem that the discharged materials cannot enter an incinerator repeatedly and scattered due to compaction of the materials in the feeding process of the conventional screw feeder.

The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a screw feeder capable of keeping the uniformity of feeding and diffusing for garbage conveying, which solves the problem of poor feeding uniformity caused by the sealing treatment of the feeding material of the existing screw feeder.

The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a screw feeder, includes the shell, wears to establish the spiral and the drive screw pivoted motor in the shell, the spiral includes the screw axis and sets up the helical blade on the screw axis, and the one end of shell is equipped with the feed inlet, the other end is equipped with the discharge gate, the shell includes the shell main part of pipe structure and two end plates of sealing connection at shell main part both ends, the screw axis extends along left right direction, the both ends sealing rotation of screw axis is connected on the end plate, the end plate along the shell main part radially can reciprocate with the shell main part links together. In the use, when helical blade produced wearing and tearing lead to helical blade and the shell clearance between next time when bigger than normal, then can produce the phenomenon production that the material is detained in the shell, the downward movement spiral makes helical blade and the clearance between the shell next time meet the requirements this moment to avoid the production of rubbish detention phenomenon.

As preferred, the both ends of shell main part are equipped with the ring flange, the shell main part is equipped with supporting seat and under bracing seat, it is equipped with the lower screw top of lower end plate to go up the supporting seat, the under bracing seat is equipped with the last screw top of top plate, be equipped with a plurality of end plate portion bolt holes that align with flange dish portion bolt hole one-to-one on the ring flange on the end plate, the end plate passes end plate portion bolt hole and flange dish portion bolt hole through the bolt and links together with the shell main part, the rectangular hole of end plate portion bolt hole for extending along upper and lower direction. The lower thread plug and the bolt are loosened, the upper thread plug is rotated to press the end wall downwards to realize the downward movement of the screw, the gap between the helical blade and the shell is reduced next time, the bolt is locked after the gap is adjusted, and then the lower thread plug is enabled to be propped against the lower end of the bottom plate. Similarly, the upper end wall of the upper screw top is rotated to realize upward movement of the screw after the upper screw top and the bolt are loosened, so that the gap between the helical blade and the shell is increased next time, the bolt is locked after the gap is adjusted, and then the upper screw top is enabled to prop against the upper end of the bottom plate. Provides a specific technical scheme of a spiral adjusting structure.

Preferably, the upper support seat and the lower support seat are both connected to the flange. The structure is compact and good.

Preferably, the motor is connected to one of the two end plates. When the position of the screw is adjusted, the connection state of the motor and the screw does not need to be adjusted, and the convenience in adjustment is good. It is also possible to design the motor to be connected to the housing, with the transmission between the screw and the motor being by a belt and chain, etc., at which time the adjustment of the chain or belt is required as the change in the screw changes the distance between the motor and the screw. The motor may be provided with a speed reducer or without a speed reducer.

Preferably, the casing is provided with a casing suspension lug, the motor is provided with a motor suspension lug, and the casing suspension lug and the motor suspension lug are connected together through a suspension pin crossed with the extension direction of the screw shaft. When in use, the connection between the motor and the end plate is not easy to loosen. The lugs can be designed on the housing body or on the end plate.

Preferably, the suspension pins are perpendicular to the screw axis. The anti-loosening effect is better.

Preferably, a shock insulation gasket is arranged between the end plate part suspension lug and the motor part suspension lug. When the motor is started or reversed, the motor can swing in the axial direction of the spiral shaft, and the technical scheme can avoid hard impact in the process.

Preferably, the screw shaft comprises a shaft main body and shaft heads connected to two ends of the shaft main body, the screw shaft is connected with the end plate through the shaft heads, the screw blade is only arranged on the shaft main body, the shaft main body stretches across the discharge port, the screw blade extends to a position right above the discharge port, and the length of the part, extending to the position right above the discharge port, of the screw blade is less than one fourth of the axial size of the discharge port along the screw shaft. Can enough guarantee that the material is exported by whole transport discharge gates and does not have the phenomenon of being detained in the shell, can avoid the material to wear to establish the winding again in the spiral main part. If the shaft head is positioned above the discharge port (or the part of the shell body positioned above the discharge port is reduced), the phenomenon that the material is wound on the spiral is easily generated.

Preferably, the spiral shaft comprises a shaft main body and shaft heads connected to two ends of the shaft main body, the shaft main body is of a tubular structure, inner flanges are arranged at two ends of the shaft main body, shaft head flanges are arranged on the shaft heads, and the shaft head flanges and the inner flanges are connected together to connect the shaft heads and the shaft main body together. The shaft main body is light in weight and consumable while the diameter of the screw shaft is increased to prevent the caking phenomenon during conveying.

The invention also comprises two mounting frames, two ends of the shell are supported on the mounting frames, and the shell is fixed with the mounting frames through the binding hoops. When the device is used, the device is supported by the mounting rack to realize mounting. The shell and the spiral can be conveniently moved and hoisted during installation and adjustment and integral maintenance.

Preferably, the screw shaft is further provided with anti-blocking guide vanes with the conveying direction opposite to that of the screw blades, and the screw blades and the anti-blocking guide vanes are distributed on two sides of the discharge port along the axial direction of the screw shaft. When the material is fed to form a rod shape and cross across the discharge port, the anti-blocking blade can push the material reversely, and the material at the upper end can enter the discharge port by matching with the helical blade, so that the blocking phenomenon is not easy to generate. The second object of the invention is achieved.

Preferably, the anti-blocking guide vanes are at least two. The effect of back drive material is good.

Preferably, the anti-blocking guide vanes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the spiral. Can improve the anti-blocking effect.

Preferably, the shell is provided with a reverse conveying emergency discharge port, a discharge gate is arranged on the reverse conveying emergency discharge port, and the feeding port is located between the reverse conveying emergency discharge port and the discharge port. When the spiral is radially reversed, the discharge gate is opened, so that the materials can be timely discharged to avoid the clamping of the feed end, and the discharge gate is closed under the normal operation condition.

Preferably, the housing is further provided with an inspection window, and the inspection window is provided with an openable inspection door. The device is mainly used for material conveying, guide vane abrasion and material fullness inspection under normal working conditions.

Preferably, there are at least three inspection windows, one inspection window is located at the position of the shell where the position of the shell above the discharge port can be observed, and the other inspection window is located at the position of the shell where the position of the shell below the feed port can be observed.

Preferably, the pitch of the helical blade is gradually increased from the end where the feed inlet is located to the end where the discharge outlet is located. The material flow can be elongated and thinned in the conveying process, different material conveying speeds are realized at the same rotating speed, the conveying speed of the material inlet section is low, the material is full, the conveying speed of the material outlet section is high, and the material is scattered, so that the material feeding device realizes sealed and uniform material feeding. The third object of the invention is achieved.

Preferably, the helical blade has at least two ends. So that the uniformity of the output material is better.

As preferred, the feed inlet is located the upside of casing, the feed inlet has the inlet pipe to the butt joint, the inlet pipe includes from the material diffusion section and the material seal section that upwards sets gradually down, the lower extreme of material diffusion section links together with the feed inlet, the open area of material diffusion section is more than the twice of the open area of material seal section, and the height of material seal section is more than the triple of the height of material diffusion section. According to the technical scheme, the feed inlet is not easy to accumulate and block during feeding by adopting a structure of combining the material sealing section and the expansion section; through the establishment of the filling and material sealing sections of the cavity of the feeding machine, the whole tightness of the feeding machine is greatly improved compared with the roller feeding, and the air leakage is basically avoided during operation.

Preferably, the material sealing section is prismatic. The reliability is good when the material sealing is carried out.

Preferably, a material level monitoring window, a high-level sensing material level instrument and a low-level sensing material level instrument are arranged on the material sealing section. The active regulation and control of the feeding amount can be realized.

Preferably, the material diffusion section is of a cuboid structure, and the size of the material diffusion section in the axial direction of the spiral is larger than that of the material diffusion section in the radial direction of the spiral. The diffusion effect is good.

Preferably, the material diffusion section is fixed with the shell through a hoop. The maintenance, the maintenance and the adjustment of the equipment are convenient.

Preferably, the material sealing section is a straight line structure extending up and down. When the material sealing is carried out, the material in the material sealing section can be reliably lowered.

Preferably, the discharge hole is connected with a discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the discharge pipe is connected with a discharge pipe part flange. And the butt joint with the next-level equipment is convenient.

The invention has the following advantages: the problems that the existing screw feeder is uneven in feeding, generates waste detention after being abraded, is easy to generate discharge blockage, and is easy to generate the problem that the output materials cannot be sufficiently dispersed due to the fact that the materials are compacted are solved, so that the screw feeder can be used for conveying waste incineration; the screw feeder carries out rubbish and then does not have the following problem that roller feeder exists: the diameter of the cylinder is large, and the occupied area is large; the roller path and the riding wheel are worn; the sealing is deteriorated along with the extension of the operation period, and the phenomena of air leakage, material leakage and the like exist; the feeding end is easy to accumulate and block and the feeding is not uniform when the feeding is carried out at a large flow.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a helix;

FIG. 4 is a right side schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of the present invention.

In the figure: spiral 1, motor 2, screw axis 3, helical blade 4, discharge gate 5, shell main part 6, end plate 7, ring flange 8, upper support 9, lower support 10, lower screw top 11, upper screw top 12, end plate bolt hole 13, bolt 14, end plate portion suspension lug 15, motor portion suspension lug 16, suspension pin 17, axle main part 18, spindle nose 19, inner flange 20, spindle nose flange 21, mounting bracket 22, hoop 23, anti-blocking guide vane 24, reverse conveying emergency discharge gate 25, discharge gate 26, inspection gate 27, material diffusion section 28, material seal section 29, high-order response material level appearance 30, low-order response material level appearance 31, discharging pipe 32, discharging pipe portion flange 33, shock insulation gasket 34, staple bolt 35.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a screw feeder comprises a housing, a screw 1 arranged in the housing in a penetrating way and a motor 2 driving the screw to rotate. The screw comprises a screw shaft 3 and screw blades 4 arranged on the screw shaft. One end of the shell is provided with a feed inlet, and the other end is provided with a discharge outlet 5. The shell comprises a shell main body 6 with a circular tube structure and two end plates 7 which are connected with two ends of the shell main body in a sealing way. The screw shaft extends in the left-right direction. Two ends of the spiral shaft are connected to the end plate in a sealing and rotating mode. The end plate is connected to the housing main body so as to be movable up and down in the radial direction of the housing main body (i.e., vertically up and down if the housing extends in the horizontal direction, and obliquely up and down if the housing is inclined), specifically: the both ends of shell main part are equipped with ring flange 8, be equipped with supporting seat 9 and under bracing seat 10 on the ring flange, go up supporting seat threaded connection and have the lower screw top 11 of lower end plate down, under bracing seat threaded connection has the last screw top 12 of top end plate, be equipped with a plurality of end plate portion bolt holes 13 that align with flange dish portion bolt hole one-to-one on the ring flange on the end plate, the end plate passes end plate portion bolt hole and flange dish portion bolt hole through bolt 14 and links together with the shell main part (both can go up and down flange dish portion screw hole for the screw hole, bolted connection threaded connection fixes in flange dish portion bolt hole, also can fix with bolt cooperation nut), the rectangular hole that end plate portion bolt hole is for extending along upper and lower direction. The motor is connected on one of the two end plates, specifically on the end face of the feed end. An end plate part suspension lug 15 is arranged on an end plate connected with the motor, the motor is provided with a motor part suspension lug 16, and the end plate part suspension lug and the motor part suspension lug are connected together through a suspension pin 17 which is vertical to the extension direction of the spiral shaft. And a shock insulation gasket 34 is arranged between the end plate part suspension lug and the motor part suspension lug. The screw shaft includes a shaft body 18 and a shaft head 19 connected to both ends of the shaft body. The screw shaft is connected with the end plate through the shaft head, the screw blade is only arranged on the shaft main body, the shaft main body stretches over the discharge port, the screw blade extends to the position right above the discharge port, and the length of the part of the screw blade extending to the position right above the discharge port is less than one fourth of the axial size of the discharge port along the screw shaft. The axle main body is of a tubular structure, inner flanges 20 are arranged at two ends of the axle main body, the axle head is provided with an axle head flange 21, and the axle head flange and the inner flanges are connected together to connect the axle head and the axle main body together. The invention also comprises two mounting brackets 22 on which the two ends of the housing are supported, the housing being fixed to the mounting brackets by means of ties 23. The screw shaft is also provided with anti-blocking guide vanes 24 with the conveying direction opposite to that of the screw blades, and the screw blades and the anti-blocking guide vanes are distributed on two sides of the discharge port along the axial direction of the screw shaft. The anti-blocking guide vane has at least two, in this embodiment three, sheets. The anti-blocking guide vanes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the spiral. The shell is equipped with reverse transport emergency bin outlet 25, is equipped with bin gate 26 on the reverse transport emergency bin outlet, and the material loading mouth is located between reverse transport emergency bin outlet and the feed opening. The housing is also provided with an inspection window provided with an openable inspection door 27. The inspection window has three, and an inspection window is located the position that can observe the casing and be located discharge gate top position of casing, one the inspection window is located the position that can observe the casing and be located feed inlet below position of casing. The pitch of the helical blade is gradually increased from the end where the feed inlet is located to the end where the discharge outlet is located. The helical blade has at least two ends. The feed inlet is located the upside of casing, and the feed inlet is docked there is the inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe includes material divergent section 28 and material seal section 29 that upwards sets gradually from the following, and the lower extreme of material divergent section links together with the feed inlet, specifically is fixed together with the shell through staple bolt 35. The opening area of the material diffusion section is more than two times of the opening area of the material sealing section, and the height of the material sealing section is more than three times of the height of the material diffusion section. The material sealing section is prismatic, and the material sealing section is of a straight line structure extending up and down. The material sealing section is provided with a material level monitoring window, a high-level sensing material level instrument 30 and a low-level sensing material level instrument 31. The material diffusion section is of a cuboid structure, and the size of the material diffusion section in the axial direction of the spiral is larger than that of the material diffusion section in the radial direction of the spiral. The discharge hole is connected with a discharge pipe 32 which is a square pipe. The outlet end of the discharge pipe is connected with a discharge pipe part flange 33.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a screw feeder, includes the shell, wears to establish the spiral and the drive screw pivoted motor in the shell, the spiral includes the screw axis and sets up the helical blade on the screw axis, and the one end of shell is equipped with the feed inlet, the other end is equipped with the discharge gate, a serial communication port, the shell includes the shell main part of pipe structure and two end plates of sealing connection at shell main part both ends, the screw axis extends along left right direction, the both ends sealing rotation of screw axis is connected on the end plate, the end plate along the shell main part radially can reciprocate the ground with the shell main part links together.

2. A screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing main body is provided with flanges at both ends thereof, the casing main body is provided with an upper support base and a lower support base, the upper support base is provided with a lower screw top for pushing the end plate downward, the lower support base is provided with an upper screw top for pushing the end plate upward, the end plate is provided with a plurality of end plate bolt holes aligned in one-to-one correspondence with the flange plate bolt holes on the flanges, the end plate is connected with the casing main body by passing through the end plate bolt holes and the flange plate bolt holes by bolts, and the end plate bolt holes are elongated holes extending in the up-down direction.

3. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the casing is provided with casing portion suspension lugs, the motor is provided with motor portion suspension lugs, and the casing portion suspension lugs and the motor portion suspension lugs are connected together by suspension pins perpendicular to the extension direction of the screw shaft.

4. A screw feeder according to claim 3, wherein vibration isolation gaskets are provided between the end plate portion suspension lugs and the motor portion suspension lugs.

5. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the screw shaft comprises a shaft main body and shaft heads connected to both ends of the shaft main body, the screw shaft is connected with the end plate through the shaft heads, the screw blades are only arranged on the shaft main body, the shaft main body spans the discharge port, the screw blades extend to the position right above the discharge port, and the length of the part of the screw blades extending to the position right above the discharge port is less than one fourth of the axial size of the discharge port along the screw shaft.

6. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the screw shaft is further provided with anti-blocking guide vanes having a conveying direction opposite to that of the screw blades, and the screw blades and the anti-blocking guide vanes are distributed on two sides of the discharge port along the axial direction of the screw shaft.

7. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the casing is provided with a reverse conveying emergency discharge opening, a discharge gate is arranged on the reverse conveying emergency discharge opening, and the feeding opening is located between the reverse conveying emergency discharge opening and the discharge opening.

8. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pitch of the screw blades increases progressively from the end at which the inlet opening is located towards the end at which the outlet opening is located.

9. A screw feeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed inlet is located at the upper side of the casing, the feed inlet is butt-jointed with a feed pipe, the feed pipe comprises a material diffuser section and a material seal section which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the lower end of the material diffuser section is connected with the feed inlet, the opening area of the material diffuser section is more than two times the opening area of the material seal section, and the height of the material seal section is more than three times the height of the material diffuser section.

10. A screw feeder according to claim 9, wherein the material diffuser section is of a cuboid configuration, the dimension of the material diffuser section in the axial direction of the screw being greater than the dimension of the material diffuser section in the radial direction of the screw.