CN113751032A - Preparation method and application of catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113751032A CN113751032A CN202111187966.7A CN202111187966A CN113751032A CN 113751032 A CN113751032 A CN 113751032A CN 202111187966 A CN202111187966 A CN 202111187966A CN 113751032 A CN113751032 A CN 113751032A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910006167 NiWO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 halogen salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001621 bismuth Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Bi]=O BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011206 ternary composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXDJCCTWPBKUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminophenyl)-(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]aniline;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC(=N)C(C)=CC1=C(C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 AXDJCCTWPBKUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002900 Bi2MoO6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002915 BiVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/132—Halogens; Compounds thereof with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C02F2101/345—Phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation, belonging to the technical field of organic pollutant chemical treatment4Then synthesizing BiOX/NiWO under the condition of hydrothermal reaction4(X ═ Cl, Br, I) composite material, and then subjecting the surface of the composite material to hydrothermal reactionWrapping Graphene Oxide (GO) to synthesize a super-strong photocatalytic composite material GO/BiOX/NiWO formed by compounding three materials4(ii) a Through the composite sequence synthesis of NiWO4A layered structure complex of BiOX and GO; the inner layer of the photocatalytic degradation catalyst prepared by the method of the invention is NiWO4The graphene oxide has strong photoelectron transmission capability and organic pollutant adsorption capability, and the combination of the three materials can enable organic pollutants to be quickly adsorbed and removed through photodegradation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical treatment of organic pollutants, in particular to a preparation method and application of a photodegradation catalyst for organic pollutants.
Background
With the rapid development of the industry, a large amount of harmful substances are released to the environment while various energy substances are consumed, and serious damage is caused to the environment and an ecological system. The discharge and deterioration of organic pollutants cause the pollution of water resources to become more and more serious, so the purification treatment of the organic pollutants in the water is not slow, and the selection of a proper treatment mode is always a hot point of research.
Until now, a great number of researchers have tried to remove organic pollutants from water body by various means such as adsorption, photocatalysis, ultrasonic catalysis and fenton-like oxidation, wherein the photocatalysis removal means is favored because the energy of solar radiation can be directly utilized in the degradation process. The organic sewage in the water body is removed by adopting the methodThe most critical of the pollutants is to select a proper high-efficiency and stable catalyst. The catalysts reported for the photodegradation of organic pollutants are mainly TiO2，BiVO4，Bi2WO6，Bi2O3，Bi2O2CO3，Bi2MoO6，ZnO，C3N4Binox (X ═ Cl, Br, I) but most catalysts require compounding with other materials to exhibit higher catalytic performance. The material has larger band gap energy and can not effectively generate photoelectrons under the illumination condition; and the second is higher photoelectron and hole recombination rate. The research on improving the catalytic performance of the material is at the core of reducing the band gap width of the material and simultaneously reducing the recombination rate of photoelectrons and holes by compounding with other materials.
Graphene oxide has excellent photoelectric characteristics, high carrier mobility and good chemical stability, and is widely applied to the synthesis process of photocatalytic composite catalysts. Graphene oxide is a single-layer honeycomb-shaped two-dimensional material formed by connecting carbon atoms through chemical bonds and attached with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups. After other materials are compounded with the graphene oxide, the hydroxyl groups in the structure have a remarkable improvement effect on the degradation of organic pollutants, and in addition, the graphene oxide has stronger carrier separation capacity and high-efficiency mobility, can reduce the recombination rate of carriers and shows stronger electron receiving and transferring characteristics.
NiWO4The composite has the characteristics of low price, small band gap, environmental protection of the catalyst and the like, has the characteristics of proper band gap, high stability, high activity and intrinsic P-type semiconductor, and shows certain photocatalytic performance on medicinal organic sewage. For example, Muthuraj and its co-authors (Colloids surf., A,567,2019:43-54) NiWO4And a polymer semiconductor g-C3N4Binding of nanosheets to enhance NiWO4Photocatalytic activity under visible light. In addition, to improve NiWO4The catalytic activity of the catalyst is that Mitra Mousavi and Aziz, Habibi-Yangjeh (J.Mater.Sci.,53,2018: 9046-3N4/Fe3O4Then nickel nitrate and sodium tungstate are used as raw materials in g-C3N4/Fe3O4Surface synthesis of NiWO4And calcined to form g-C3N4/Fe3O4/NiWO4The catalytic activity of the compound on rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange, fuchsin and phenol is 12, 30, 52, 100 and 6 times that of g-CN. Mahsa Pirhashemi and co-authors (Sep. Purif. Technol.,193,2018: 69-80) synthesized ZnO/NiWO with p-n-n heterojunction by a stepwise method4/Ag2CrO4Nanocomposite, wherein Ag is2CrO4When the mass percentage is 30%, the rhodamine B has the highest photodegradation efficiency. In conclusion, NiWO4The catalyst can show higher catalytic activity on the photodegradation of organic matters only by forming a heterojunction with other compounds.
BiOX(X＝Cl，Br，I)，NiWO4And graphene oxide all have a certain degree of photocatalytic activity, but when the graphene oxide is used alone for catalyzing the photodegradation of organic pollutants, the effect is poor, and the industrial requirements cannot be met. The invention designs and synthesizes a material with super strong organic pollutant photocatalytic degradation and removal for the first time on the basis of previous researches, and is NiWO4The photocatalyst is a three-layer structure photocatalyst with an inner layer, a secondary outer layer is BiOX, an outermost layer is graphene oxide, an outer layer GO can efficiently absorb electrons and transfer the electrons to the inner layer structure, meanwhile, the graphene oxide on the outer layer has adsorption and capture capacity on organic pollution, and an innermost layer of NiWO4Has strong bond breaking effect on organic matters. GO/BiOX/NiWO synthesized by design4(X ═ Cl, Br, I) gathers the advantages of many materials, has super strong photocatalytic degradation performance to organic pollutants
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low activity, low catalytic efficiency and the like of materials for promoting the degradation of organic pollutants in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a three-layer organic pollutant photodegradation catalyst; the invention synthesizes the compound NiWO4The inner layer, the second outer layer and the outermost layer are respectively made of BiOX (X ═ Cl, Br, I) and graphene oxideThe catalyst synthesized by the preparation method has higher catalytic activity and reutilization property in the aspect of organic pollutant photodegradation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation comprises the following steps:
step1, Synthesis of NiWO4；
Step1.1, dissolving tungstate in deionized water to ensure that the mass concentration is between 0.1 and 10g/L, and marking as solution A;
step1.2, dissolving nickel salt with the same molar weight as tungstate in ionized water to ensure that the mass concentration is between 0.1 and 10g/L, and marking as liquid B;
step1.3, heating the solution A to 30-80 ℃ under magnetic stirring, dripping the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring for 6-48 h;
step1.4, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3-5 times after stirring, drying for 10-24 h at the temperature of 60-90 ℃, calcining the dried sample for 3-6 h at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ to obtain NiWO4；
Step2, Synthesis of BiOX/NiWO4: NiWO obtained from Step1.44Dispersing the bismuth-containing composite material into a mixed solution of an organic solvent and deionized water to enable the mass solubility to be 0.1-10 g/L, then adding halogen salt into the uniformly dispersed solution, stirring for 0.5-3 h, adding bismuth salt with the same molar weight as the halogen salt, continuously stirring for 0.5-3 h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12-48 h at 120-180 ℃; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 10-24 hours at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the composite material BiOX/NiWO4；
Step3, preparation of GO/BiOX/NiWO4: BiOX/NiWO prepared from Step24Dispersing the graphene oxide into an organic solvent, and then adding the graphene oxide which is prepared by a Hummers method and is subjected to freeze drying, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene oxide is BiOX/NiWO41-40% of the mass; stirring for 0.5-10 h under magnetic stirring, then transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle,crystallizing at 120-180 ℃ for 12-48 h to finally obtain GO/BiOX/NiWO4。
Specifically, the tungstate in Step1.1 is LiWO4、NaWO4、KWO4、NH4WO4One or more of the above;
specifically, the nickel salt of Step1.2 is Ni (NO)3)2、NiCl2、(HCOO)2Ni、(CHCOO)2Ni、NiSO4One or more of the above;
specifically, the halogen salt in Step2 is one or more of KCl, KBr, KI, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, LiCl, LiBr and LiI;
specifically, the organic solvent in Step2 and Step3 is one or more of methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran and 1, 4-dioxane;
specifically, the addition amount of the halogen salt in Step2 is NiWO41-100% of the molar weight;
specifically, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the deionized water in Step3 is 0.1-0.9;
the catalyst for the organic pollutant photodegradation catalysis can promote the photodegradation of the organic pollutants, and the organic pollutants are one or more of rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange, phenol, bisphenol A, tetracycline and antibiotics.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation has the following beneficial effects:
the catalyst for the photodegradation of organic pollutants prepared by the method is NiWO4An inner layer, a secondary outer layer of BiOX (X ═ Cl, Br, I), and an outermost layer of GO, wherein the inner layer has a layered structure formed by stacking three layers of materials, and the inner layer has a structure of NiWO4Have very strong fracture effect to organic pollutant chemical bond, the next outer layer's BiOX can promote organic pollutant to carry out the photocatalytic degradation, and outmost GO has very strong adsorption to organic pollutant, and GO has stronger electric conductivity in addition, promotes lightGeneration of electrons. Synthetic GO/BiOX/NiWO with three-layer structure4The GO on the outer layer adsorbs organic pollutants, and then passes through the BiOX on the second outer layer and the NiWO on the innermost layer4Is subjected to photodegradation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows BiOI/NiWO4A relation comparison graph of the degradation rate of the composite catalyst to methylene blue along with the change of time;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the degradation rate of the ternary composite catalyst n% GO/BiOI/NiWO4(n ═ 1,10,20) with time;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the degradation rate of 20% GO/BiOX/NiWO4(X ═ Cl, Br, I) ternary composite catalyst to methylene blue with time;
FIG. 4 shows BiOI/NiWO4With 20% GO/BiOI/NiWO4The degradation rate of the composite catalyst to methylene blue changes along with time.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Comparative example 1 preparation of NiWO4The catalyst and the method are as follows:
NaWO (sodium niobate)4Dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water to make the mass concentration be 1.0g/L, and is marked as A liquid. Reacting with NaWO4Equimolar amount of NiCl2·6H2O was dissolved in a predetermined volume of ionized water to have a mass concentration of 1.0/L, and this was designated as solution B. Under magnetic stirring, solution A was heated to 30 deg.C, and solution B was added dropwise to solution A, and stirring was continued for 6 h. Stirring the mixtureAfter the end, the precipitate is filtered and washed for 3 times, dried at 60 ℃ for 12 hours, and the dried sample is calcined at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain NiWO4。
Comparative example 2 preparation of BiOCl/NiWO4The method of the photodegradation catalyst comprises the following steps:
1) NaWO (sodium niobate)4Dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water to make the mass concentration be 1.0g/L, and is marked as A liquid. Reacting with NaWO4Equimolar amount of NiCl2·6H2O was dissolved in a predetermined volume of ionized water to have a mass concentration of 1.0/L, and this was designated as solution B. Under magnetic stirring, solution A was heated to 30 deg.C, and solution B was added dropwise to solution A, and stirring was continued for 6 h. After stirring, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3 times, drying at 60 ℃ for 12h, and calcining the dried sample at 600 ℃ for 3h to obtain NiWO4。
2) The NiWO obtained in the step14Dispersing in a certain volume of mixed solution of dimethylformamide and deionized water to make the mass solubility be 1.0g/L, then adding into the uniformly-dispersed solution4An equimolar amount of KCl, stirring for 0.5h, and adding Bi (NO) in an equimolar amount to KBr3)3And continuously stirring for 0.5h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12h at 120 ℃. After the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the BiOCl/NiWO composite material4。
Comparative example 3 preparation of BiOBr/NiWO4The method of the photodegradation catalyst comprises the following steps:
1) NaWO (sodium niobate)4Dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water to make the mass concentration be 1.0g/L, and is marked as A liquid. Reacting with NaWO4Equimolar amount of NiCl2·6H2O was dissolved in a predetermined volume of ionized water to have a mass concentration of 1.0/L, and this was designated as solution B. Under magnetic stirring, solution A was heated to 30 deg.C, and solution B was added dropwise to solution A, and stirring was continued for 6 h. After stirring, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3 times, drying at 60 ℃ for 12h, and calcining the dried sample at 600 ℃ for 3h to obtain NiWO4。
2) The NiWO obtained in the step14Dispersing in a certain volume of mixed solution of methanol and deionized water to make mass solubility be in1.0g/L, then adding NiWO into the uniformly dispersed solution4Equimolar amount of KBr, stirring for 0.5h, and adding an equimolar amount of Bi (NO) to KBr3)3And continuously stirring for 0.5h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12h at 120 ℃. After the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the composite material BiOBr/NiWO4。
Comparative example 4 preparation of a BiOI/NiWO4 photodegradation catalyst the procedure was as follows:
1) NaWO (sodium niobate)4Dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water to make the mass concentration be 1.0g/L, and is marked as A liquid. Reacting with NaWO4Equimolar amount of NiCl2·6H2O was dissolved in a predetermined volume of ionized water to have a mass concentration of 1.0/L, and this was designated as solution B. Under magnetic stirring, solution A was heated to 30 deg.C, and solution B was added dropwise to solution A, and stirring was continued for 6 h. After stirring, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3 times, drying at 60 ℃ for 12h, and calcining the dried sample at 600 ℃ for 3h to obtain NiWO4。
2) The NiWO obtained in the step14Dispersing in a certain volume of mixed solution of dimethylformamide and deionized water to make the mass solubility be 1.0g/L, then adding into the uniformly-dispersed solution4Equimolar amount of KI was stirred for 0.5h, and then Bi (NO) was added in an equimolar amount to KI3)3And continuously stirring for 0.5h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12h at 120 ℃. After the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the composite material BiOI/NiWO4。
The activity of the catalyst in comparative examples 1-4 was studied using photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue as an evaluation criterion, and the catalytic reaction was carried out as follows: 20mL of methylene blue solution (100mg/L) is measured and diluted to 100mL, then 30mg of the prepared catalyst is added into the solution, the solution is placed in a dark environment for 30min under magnetic stirring, then the solution is moved to a xenon lamp light source (MICROCOLAR 300), the reaction is continued for 180min under the action of magnetic stirring, samples are taken every 30min in the reaction process, and the solution is filtered by using a filter membrane of 0.22um after each sampling. The filtered solution is passed through purpleAnd detecting by an external visible spectrophotometer, and calculating the photodegradation rate of the organic pollutants according to the drawn standard curve. Irradiating with xenon lamp for 180min under the same experimental conditions, and using NiWO4With BiOCl/NiWO4The degradation rates to methylene blue are 74.20% and 80.19% respectively; irradiating with xenon lamp for 180min under the same experimental conditions, and using NiWO4With BiOCl/NiWO4The degradation rates of the methylene blue are 74.20 percent and 84.21 percent respectively; as shown in FIG. 1, under the same experimental conditions, the sample was irradiated for 180min by a xenon lamp, NiWO4With BiOCl/NiWO4The degradation rates of methylene blue are 74.20% and 86.35%, respectively.
Example 1 preparation of GO/BiOCl/NiWO4Photodegradation catalyst
1) NaWO (sodium niobate)4Dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water to make the mass concentration be 1.0g/L, and is marked as A liquid. Reacting with NaWO4Equimolar amount of NiCl2·6H2O was dissolved in a predetermined volume of ionized water to have a mass concentration of 1.0/L, and this was designated as solution B. Under magnetic stirring, solution A was heated to 30 deg.C, and solution B was added dropwise to solution A, and stirring was continued for 6 h. After stirring, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3 times, drying at 60 ℃ for 12h, and calcining the dried sample at 600 ℃ for 3h to obtain NiWO4。
2) The NiWO obtained in the step14Dispersing in a certain volume of dimethylformamide and deionized water to make the mass solubility be in the range of 1.0g/L, then adding into the uniformly-dispersed solution4Equimolar amount of KCl, stirring for 0.5h, adding Bi (NO) in equimolar amount with KCl3)3And continuously stirring for 0.5h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12h at 120 ℃. After the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the BiOCl/NiWO composite material4。
3) Adding BiOCl/NiWO prepared in step24Dispersing in methanol, and adding the Graphene Oxide (GO) prepared by a Hummers method and subjected to freeze drying, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene oxide to the graphene oxide is BiOCl/NiWO 420% of the mass. Stirring for 0.5h under magnetic stirring, transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, and crystallizing at 120 deg.CDissolving for 12h to finally obtain the ultra-strong photocatalytic composite material 20% GO/BiOCl/NiWO4。
The activity of the catalyst in example 1 was studied using photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue as an evaluation criterion, and the catalytic reaction was carried out as follows: 20mL of methylene blue solution (100mg/L) is measured and diluted to 100mL, then 30mg of the prepared catalyst is added into the solution, the solution is placed in a dark environment for 30min under magnetic stirring, then the solution is moved to a xenon lamp light source (MICROCOLAR 300), the reaction is continued for 180min under the action of magnetic stirring, samples are taken every 30min in the reaction process, and the solution is filtered by using a filter membrane of 0.22um after each sampling. And detecting the filtered solution by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and calculating the photodegradation rate of the organic pollutants according to the drawn standard curve. As shown in FIG. 3, the degradation rate of methylene blue after 90min of reaction was 99.91%. Compared with comparative example 2, 20% GO/BiOCl/NiWO4BiOCl/NiWO4The catalyst has higher catalytic performance on the degradation of methylene blue, and the degradation rate of the former is 39.57 percent higher than that of the latter when the reaction is carried out for 90min under the same catalytic condition.
Examples 2,
The preparation procedure and method were the same as in example 1 except that KCl in step 2) of example 1 was changed to KBr.
The photocatalyst performance test was performed on the sample prepared in example 2, and the specific procedure was the same as in example 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the degradation rate of methylene blue was 99.93% after 90min of reaction. 20% GO/BiOBr/NiWO compared to comparative example 34BiOBr/NiWO4The catalyst has higher catalytic performance on the degradation of methylene blue, and the degradation rate of the former is 35.37% higher than that of the latter when the reaction is carried out for 90min under the same catalytic condition.
Examples 3,
The preparation procedure and method were the same as in example 1 except that KCl in step 2) of example 1 was changed to KI.
The photocatalyst performance test was performed on the sample prepared in example 3, and the specific procedure was the same as in example 1. After 90min of reaction, the degradation rate of methylene blue was 99.82% (see FIG. 3). Compared with comparative example 4, 20% GO/BiOI/NiWO4BiOI/NiWO4The catalyst has higher catalytic performance on the degradation of methylene blue, and under the same catalytic condition, as shown in figure 4, when the reaction is carried out for 90min, the degradation rate of the former is 30.26 percent higher than that of the latter.
Examples 4,
The preparation procedure and method were the same as in example 3.
The activity of the catalyst in example 1 was studied using photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue as an evaluation criterion, and the catalytic reaction was carried out as follows: 20mL of methylene blue solution (100mg/L) is measured and diluted to 100mL, then 10mg of the prepared catalyst is added into the solution, the solution is placed in a dark environment for 30min under magnetic stirring, then the solution is moved to a xenon lamp light source (MICROCOLAR 300), the reaction is continued for 180min under the action of magnetic stirring, samples are taken every 30min in the reaction process, and the solution is filtered by using a filter membrane of 0.22um after each sampling. And detecting the filtered solution by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and calculating the photodegradation rate of the organic pollutants according to the drawn standard curve. The reaction time of 180min should be 91.12%.
Examples 5,
The preparation steps and method are the same as those of example 4, except that the mass ratio of the Graphene Oxide (GO) in step 3) of example 1 is adjusted to 1%.
The photocatalyst performance test was performed on the sample prepared in example 5, and the specific procedure was the same as in example 1. After 180min of reaction, the degradation rate of methylene blue was 88.64% as shown in FIG. 2.
Examples 6,
The preparation steps and method are the same as those of example 4, except that the mass ratio of the Graphene Oxide (GO) in step 3) of example 1 is adjusted to 10%.
The photocatalyst performance test was performed on the sample prepared in example 5, and the specific procedure was the same as in example 1. After 180min of reaction, the degradation rate of methylene blue was 98.09% as shown in FIG. 2.
From the analysis of the data of the above comparative examples and examples, it can be seen that BiOX (X ═ Cl, Br, I) and NiWO are used4After complexing, BiOX/NiWO4Biniwo4The photodegradation rate of methylene blue is improved to a certain extent, but the improvement range is not large. WhileFor BiOX/NiWO4After the structure of the graphene oxide is introduced into the graphene oxide, GO/BiOX/NiWO4The photodegradation rate of methylene blue is greatly improved compared with that before the graphene oxide is introduced. The catalytic activity is obviously enhanced along with the increase of the content of the graphene oxide, and the catalytic effect is not obviously promoted after the content of the graphene oxide exceeds a certain proportion. The graphene oxide has strong adsorption capacity and strong photo-generated electron capacity on organic pollutants, so that the GO is increased in content in a low-content state, so that the adsorption on the organic pollutants can be improved, more photoelectrons can be promoted to be generated, and the organic pollutants are promoted to be adsorbed and degraded on active sites of an inner layer; when the content of GO is increased after exceeding a certain content, the content of GO can reduce the effective components with the degradation function in the catalyst, so that a large amount of organic pollutants are adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst, and the degradation capability is reduced. In conclusion, for the synthesized three-element composite photocatalyst, the reasonable amount of the oxidized graphite is beneficial to regulating and synthesizing the catalyst for degrading the organic pollutants with high catalytic activity.
The catalyst synthesized by the technical scheme provided by the patent integrates NiWO4The catalyst has the advantages of graphene oxide and BiOX (X ═ Cl, Br and I), and has high catalytic activity for degrading organic pollutants.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a catalyst for organic pollutant photodegradation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step1, Synthesis of NiWO4；
Step1.1, dissolving tungstate in deionized water to ensure that the mass concentration is between 0.1 and 10g/L, and marking as solution A;
step1.2, dissolving nickel salt with the same molar weight as tungstate in deionized water to ensure that the mass concentration is between 0.1 and 10g/L, and marking as liquid B;
step1.3, heating the solution A to 30-80 ℃ under magnetic stirring, dripping the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring for 6-48 h;
step1.4, filtering and washing the precipitate for 3-5 times after stirring, drying for 10-24 h at the temperature of 60-90 ℃, calcining the dried sample for 3-6 h at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ to obtain NiWO4；
Step2, Synthesis of BiOX/NiWO4: NiWO obtained from Step1.44Dispersing the bismuth-containing composite material into a mixed solution of an organic solvent and deionized water to enable the mass solubility to be 0.1-10 g/L, then adding halogen salt into the uniformly dispersed solution, stirring for 0.5-3 h, adding bismuth salt with the same molar weight as the halogen salt, continuously stirring for 0.5-3 h, then transferring the solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12-48 h at 120-180 ℃; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, washing the precipitate for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and drying the precipitate for 10-24 hours at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the composite material BiOX/NiWO4；
Step3, preparation of GO/BiOX/NiWO4: BiOX/NiWO prepared from Step24Dispersing the graphene oxide into an organic solvent, and then adding the graphene oxide which is prepared by a Hummers method and is subjected to freeze drying, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene oxide is BiOX/NiWO41-40% of the mass; stirring for 0.5-10 h under magnetic stirring, then transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, and crystallizing for 12-48 h at 120-180 ℃ to finally obtain GO/BiOX/NiWO4。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tungstate in Step1.1 is LiWO4、NaWO4、KWO4、NH4WO4One or more of them.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the nickel salt of Step1.2 is Ni (NO)3)2、NiCl2、(HCOO)2Ni、(CHCOO)2Ni、NiSO4One or more of them.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the halide salt in Step2 is one or more selected from KCl, KBr, KI, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, LiCl, LiBr, and LiI.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent used in Step2 and Step3 is one or more selected from methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and 1, 4-dioxane.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the halogen salt added in Step2 is NiWO41 to 100% of the molar amount.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the deionized water in Step3 is 0.1-0.9.
8. The use of the catalyst prepared by the method for preparing a catalyst for photodegradation of organic pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst for photodegradation of organic pollutants can promote photodegradation of organic pollutants, and the organic pollutants are one or more of rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange, phenol, bisphenol a, tetracycline and antibiotics.
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