CN113750749A - Carbon dioxide separation method and separation device - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide separation method and separation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113750749A CN113750749A CN202110991465.8A CN202110991465A CN113750749A CN 113750749 A CN113750749 A CN 113750749A CN 202110991465 A CN202110991465 A CN 202110991465A CN 113750749 A CN113750749 A CN 113750749A
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- carbon dioxide
- arc surface
- dioxide separation
- separation device
- separation
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006052 Chinlon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/42—Polymers of nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/72—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of the groups B01D71/46 - B01D71/70 and B01D71/701 - B01D71/702
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0001—Separation or purification processing
- C01B2210/0009—Physical processing
- C01B2210/001—Physical processing by making use of membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide separation method, which relates to the technical field of gas separation, wherein a film-shaped or sheet-shaped high polymer is strained and bent to form an arc surface, and carbon dioxide molecules can pass through the arc surface in a single direction. The invention uses the cheap polymer material as the base material, and processes the base material into the film or sheet with the cambered surface structure, and carbon dioxide gas molecules can permeate from one side of the cambered surface to the other side in a single direction without other auxiliary facilities or auxiliary power, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the carbon dioxide molecules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation, in particular to a carbon dioxide separation method and a carbon dioxide separation device.
Background
At present, methods for separating carbon dioxide mainly include a chemical absorption method, a physical absorption method, a pressure swing adsorption method, a low-temperature condensation method and a membrane separation method. The membrane separation method is an energy-saving carbon dioxide separation technology which is rapidly developed in the world at present, is a novel physical separation method without phase change, and has the advantages of simple equipment, small occupied area, convenience in operation, high separation efficiency, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, convenience in integration with other methods and the like, so that the research and development of the technology become a competitive hot spot in the high and new technical field of countries in the world. For example, the method is applied to the aspects of improving the recovery ratio of crude oil, purifying natural gas, removing carbon dioxide in closed environments such as submarines and space stations, manufacturing medical membrane-mounted artificial lungs and the like.
The existing carbon dioxide membrane separation method utilizes the difference of permeation rates of various gases in different membrane materials to realize separation, wherein the gas with relatively high permeation rate is enriched on the permeation side of the membrane after permeating the membrane, and the gas with relatively low permeation rate is enriched on the retention side of the membrane, so that the mixed gas is separated. The permeability of gases through membranes is related to the nature of the gas molecules, the nature of the membrane, and the interaction of the permeating gas with the membrane, which is a major reason for the high efficiency of membrane separation processes. Membrane separation processes include both types of separation membranes and absorption membranes, which are often required to be performed in conjunction with membrane separation techniques.
However, the existing carbon dioxide membrane separation technology is made based on a special composite material, the manufacturing process is complex, the cost is high, and meanwhile, auxiliary power is often needed to form a certain pressure difference on two sides of the separation membrane, so that carbon dioxide molecules move from one side with higher pressure to one side with lower pressure, and the effect of one-way permeation is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon dioxide separation technology which is different from the prior art in principle, is simple to manufacture, does not need auxiliary power, and has high separation efficiency and lower production cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a carbon dioxide separation method is characterized in that a film-shaped or sheet-shaped high polymer is subjected to strain bending to form an arc surface, and carbon dioxide molecules can pass through the arc surface in a single direction.
Preferably, the radius of the cambered surface is 0.1 mm-1000 mm.
A carbon dioxide separation device comprises a high polymer at least partially in an arc surface shape, and the radius of the arc surface is 0.1 mm-1000 mm.
The film-shaped or sheet-shaped high polymer base material is further included, a plurality of protruding portions are arranged on the high polymer base material, and protruding directions of the protruding portions are consistent.
Further, the high molecular polymer includes any one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
Furthermore, the radius of the convex part is 0.5 mm-200 mm.
Further, the shape of the convex part is one or more of a spherical crown shape, a conical shape and a cylindrical shape.
The invention uses the cheap polymer material as the base material, and processes the base material into the film or sheet with the cambered surface structure, and carbon dioxide gas molecules can permeate from one side of the cambered surface to the other side in a single direction without other auxiliary facilities or auxiliary power, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the carbon dioxide molecules. The invention has wide application range, and particularly has bright application prospect in the technical field of greenhouse planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide separation technique of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the test according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the test apparatus according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a polymer film according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a high molecular polymer is bent to form an arc surface 1, and placed in an atmospheric environment at normal temperature and normal pressure, so that carbon dioxide molecules in the air can permeate and move from the left side to the right side of the arc surface.
Carbon dioxide is a neutral molecule, and two large pi bonds of the carbon dioxide are slightly overlapped with pi bonds formed by the long polymer chains, so that the carbon dioxide can freely move on the long polymer chains. Most of plastics are formed by bonding polymeric macromolecules, the molecular chain of the polymeric macromolecules is very long, the smallest molecular chain is formed by polymerizing hundreds of basic unit molecules, the general molecular chain is formed by polymerizing one thousand or more than ten thousand basic small molecules, and the cellulose molecular chain of plants is very long. The carbon dioxide can roll or slide on the macromolecular chains after it has been captured by the polymeric macromolecular chains. Because carbon dioxide can freely slide on a molecular chain, the macromolecular polymer basically has the characteristic of being permeable to carbon dioxide gas. If the plastic plate is bent, certain stress is generated inside and outside the plastic plate, and the weak stress can make carbon dioxide directionally move in the plastic. The same is true of the carbon dioxide ventilation principle of other macromolecular materials.
According to the two theories, the invention selects the macromolecular material and the special structure, and realizes the high-efficiency collection of the carbon dioxide in the air by using the macromolecular polymer material.
The main materials are cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, terylene, polypropylene fiber, acrylic fiber, polyester fiber, chinlon and spandex
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a PET sheet having a thickness of 0.2mm is formed into a cylinder 11 having a diameter of 2cm, both ends of which are closed, and a carbon dioxide concentration probe 12 is installed inside the cylinder. The test results showed that the carbon dioxide concentration inside the chamber was increased from about 402ppm to 1586ppm within 80 seconds.
Example two: as shown in fig. 3-4, the test space a (size 1m x 1m) was sealed with a PVC membrane 2 (size 1m x 1m) of 0.1mm thickness. And a plurality of convex parts 3 which are uniformly distributed are pressed on the PVC film 2, wherein the convex parts are spherical crown shaped, and the diameter of the spherical crown is about 2 mm. The distance between the convex parts is about 5 mm. A carbon dioxide gas concentration meter is arranged near the space A and the PVC film 2. The results of the test show that the carbon dioxide concentration in space A rapidly increased from 403ppm to approximately 1562ppm in 70 minutes.
Example three, this example differs from example two in that the PVC material was replaced with LDPE material, and the test results showed that the carbon dioxide concentration in space a rapidly increased from 403ppm to about 1556ppm in 65 minutes.
Fourth, this example differs from the second example in that the carbon dioxide concentration in space a increased rapidly from 403ppm to approximately 1560ppm in 75 minutes as a result of changing the thickness of the membrane to 1mm, but otherwise unchanged.
The technology of the invention can be applied to greenhouse films for plant planting.
Claims (7)
1. A carbon dioxide separation method is characterized in that a film-shaped or sheet-shaped high polymer is strained and bent to form an arc surface, and carbon dioxide molecules can pass through the arc surface in a single direction.
2. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the arc surface is 0.1mm to 1000 mm.
3. A carbon dioxide separation device is characterized by comprising a high polymer at least partially in an arc surface shape, wherein the radius of the arc surface is 0.1-1000 mm.
4. The carbon dioxide separation device according to claim 3, comprising a film-like or sheet-like polymer base material, wherein the polymer base material is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the protrusions are formed in the same direction.
5. The carbon dioxide separation device of claim 3, wherein the high molecular polymer comprises any one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
6. The carbon dioxide separation device according to claim 3, wherein the radius of the convex portion is 0.5mm to 200 mm.
7. The carbon dioxide separation device of claim 3, wherein the shape of the convex portion is one or more of a spherical crown shape, a conical shape, and a cylindrical shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110991465.8A CN113750749A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Carbon dioxide separation method and separation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110991465.8A CN113750749A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Carbon dioxide separation method and separation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113750749A true CN113750749A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110991465.8A Pending CN113750749A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Carbon dioxide separation method and separation device |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN113750749A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1488422A (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2004-04-14 | 浙江大学 | Method and system for separating carbon dioxide form fume by hollow film membrane contactor |
| CN101053737A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2007-10-17 | 天邦膜技术国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Novel coupling film separating method and device used in gas separation |
| CN103269768A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社新生能源研究 | Gas separation device, membrane reactor, and hydrogen production device |
| CN109940951A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-28 | 阿布扎比聚合物有限公司(博禄) | Polyethylene foamed film |
-
2021
- 2021-08-27 CN CN202110991465.8A patent/CN113750749A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1488422A (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2004-04-14 | 浙江大学 | Method and system for separating carbon dioxide form fume by hollow film membrane contactor |
| CN101053737A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2007-10-17 | 天邦膜技术国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Novel coupling film separating method and device used in gas separation |
| CN103269768A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社新生能源研究 | Gas separation device, membrane reactor, and hydrogen production device |
| US20130287678A1 (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-31 | Renaissance Energy Corporation | Gas separation apparatus, membrane reactor, and hydrogen production apparatus |
| CN109940951A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-28 | 阿布扎比聚合物有限公司(博禄) | Polyethylene foamed film |
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