CN113747390A - Wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method - Google Patents
Wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method Download PDFInfo
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- H04W16/22—Traffic simulation tools or models
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method for a power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system. The system comprises: the system comprises a wireless sensor gateway module (comprising a first gateway or simultaneously comprising the first gateway and a backup second gateway thereof), a wireless cellular module (comprising a first cellular module or simultaneously comprising the first cellular module and a backup second cellular module thereof) and a control center. Each wireless sensor gateway module corresponds to a preset position, and each wireless cellular module corresponds to a preset range. The method comprises the following steps: determining a delay constraint according to a backup gateway network communication delay function and a given network delay; determining cellular module coverage constraints according to a preset range corresponding to the second cellular module and a communication coverage range of the second cellular module; and determining the position of the second gateway according to the solving constraint and taking the minimum cost of the backup equipment as an optimization target so as to deploy the second gateway. The invention provides basic support for solving the problem of gateway failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of backup gateway deployment, in particular to a wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method.
Background
The intelligent power communication network bears the data transmission function of a series of key services in a power system, and is an important guarantee for the services of the intelligent power grid. The intelligent power distribution and utilization communication network covers a series of communication entities between a power distribution and utilization terminal and a power distribution service main station, bears a series of access communication services between power generation, transportation and use, and is a key link of the intelligent power grid communication network. The implementation of fault tolerance on the intelligent power distribution and utilization communication network is an important measure for ensuring the normal operation of the intelligent power distribution and utilization communication network, and is also a key field for constructing a strong and flexible intelligent power grid.
The intelligent scenario of monitoring a utility power transmission line using a wireless sensor network has been proposed by researchers. In this scenario, wireless sensors are scattered around the electric pole or tower, and monitoring data is collected by using a wireless sensor gateway installed on the electric pole or tower. The wireless sensor gateway transmits the monitoring data to the control center in a hop-by-hop transmission mode so as to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring.
However, the prior art only relates to monitoring data acquisition of intelligent power overhead lines, network topology and other aspects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method to provide basic support for solving the problem of gateway failure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method is applied to a power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system, and the power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system comprises: the wireless sensor gateway module, the wireless cellular module and the control center; each wireless sensor gateway module corresponds to a preset position, and each wireless cellular module corresponds to a wireless sensor gateway module within a preset range; the wireless cellular module is used for realizing the communication between the corresponding wireless sensor gateway module and the control center; the wireless sensor gateway module includes: the first gateway or the first gateway and the second gateway are included at the same time, wherein the second gateway is a backup gateway of the first gateway; the wireless cellular module comprises a first cellular module, or comprises both the first cellular module and a second cellular module, and the second cellular module is a backup cellular module of the first cellular module;
the deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway comprises the following steps:
determining a delay constraint according to a backup gateway network communication delay function and a given network delay; the backup gateway network communication time delay function representation is the relationship between the distribution position of the second gateway and the network communication time delay from the second gateway to the control center;
determining cellular module coverage constraints according to a preset range corresponding to the second cellular module and a communication coverage range of the second cellular module;
determining the position of the second gateway according to solving constraints and taking the minimum cost of backup equipment as an optimization target so as to deploy the second gateway; the solution constraint includes the delay constraint and the cellular module coverage constraint, and the backup device includes the second gateway and the second cellular module.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the solving the constraints further comprises: a quantity constraint, the quantity constraint comprising a first quantity constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
determining the first number constraint based on a gateway failure location weight and a provisioned number of the second gateway.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the quantity constraint further comprises a second quantity constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
determining the second number constraint according to a providable number of the second cellular module.
Optionally, the number constraint further comprises a third number constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
and determining the third quantity constraint according to the quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules corresponding to each wireless cellular module and the total quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the cost of the backup equipment is calculated through a cost calculation function;
the cost calculation function is as follows:
wherein ex (RN) represents the unit price of the second gateway, ex (CM) represents the unit price of the second cellular module, sub represents the subscription fee of the second cellular module, RN represents the set of preset locations, | RN | represents the number of preset locations in RN, CM represents the set of preset ranges, | CM | represents the number of preset ranges in CM, XiIndicating a 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gateway at the ith predetermined locationjRepresenting a 0-1 distribution of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined range.
Optionally, the time delay constraint is:
wherein D istRepresenting said given network delay, XiIndicating a 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gateway at the ith predetermined locationjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, td of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeatRepresenting the average channel acquisition time, GP, of a wireless sensor gateway modulejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of medium wireless sensor gateway modules, r denotes data compression ratio, SDkRepresenting GPjSize, tr, of data transmitted by the kth wireless sensor gateway modulezigbeeIndicating the Zigbee transmission rate of the wireless sensor gateway module,
represents the total transmission data size tr of all the wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset rangecmRepresenting the transmission rate of the wireless cellular module.
Optionally, the cellular module coverage constraint is:
wherein, YjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, GP, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of intermediate wireless sensor gateway modules, RNiRepresenting GPjIn the wireless sensor gateway module, RN, at the ith preset positioni+1Representing GPjA wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, | RNi-RNi+1| represents GPjThe distance between the wireless sensor gateway module at the ith preset position and the wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, RjAnd the coverage range of the network which can be reached by the wireless cellular module corresponding to the jth preset range is shown.
Optionally, the first number constraint is:
∑Xi·wei≤TNBRN；
wherein, XiRepresents the 0-1 distribution of the second gateway at the ith preset position, wei represents the gateway fault position weight, TNBRNIndicating the number of offerings of the second gateway.
Optionally, the second number constraint is:
∑Yj≤TNBCM；
wherein, YjRepresents a 0-1 distribution, TN, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeBCMIndicating the available number of second cellular modules.
Optionally, the third number constraint is:
wherein GPjRepresents a set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, U GPjTo representThe collection of wireless sensor gateway modules in all preset ranges, u GPj| represents { [ U ] GPjAnd the number of the wireless sensor gateway modules in the RN is greater than the number of the preset positions in the RN.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the following technical effects are disclosed: determining a delay constraint according to a network communication delay function of a backup gateway (the function is a function related to the distribution position of the backup gateway) and a given network delay; determining cellular module coverage constraints according to a preset range corresponding to the backup cellular module and a communication coverage range of the backup cellular module; and determining the position of the backup gateway according to solving constraints (the time delay constraint and the cellular module coverage constraint) and taking the minimum cost of backup equipment (the backup gateway and the backup cellular module) as an optimization target so as to deploy the backup gateway. After the backup gateway is deployed by adopting the method, when the original gateway fails and the original gateway has the backup gateway, the backup gateway can be adopted to replace the original gateway for data transmission.
The gateway backup problem is quantified, a position determination mechanism of the wireless sensor backup gateway is provided, and basic support (deployment support) is provided for solving the gateway fault problem.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a deployment method of a wireless sensor backup gateway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a deployment scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a), FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 3(c) are graphs of time delay curves for the case of the data amount of 2K, 4K and 8K, respectively, and the compression ratio of 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5, respectively, in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are graphs of the cost corresponding to the data amount at 8K and 4K, respectively, in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4(c) and 4(d) are graphs of the cost corresponding to the failure probability at 3% and 5%, respectively, in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c) are graphs comparing the fault tolerance of the three algorithms for 1 month, 5 months and 9 months, respectively, in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same or similar items having substantially the same function and action. For example, the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module are only used for distinguishing different wireless communication modules, and the sequence order thereof is not limited. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the number or order of execution.
It is noted that, in the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean exemplary, illustrative, or descriptive. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method to provide basic support for solving the problem of gateway failure.
The deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway is applied to a power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system, and the power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system comprises the following steps: wireless sensor gateway module, wireless honeycomb module and control center.
Each wireless sensor gateway module corresponds to a preset position, and each wireless cellular module corresponds to a wireless sensor gateway module within a preset range. The wireless cellular module is used for realizing communication between the corresponding wireless sensor gateway module and the control center.
The wireless sensor gateway module includes: the first gateway, or both, includes the first gateway and the second gateway, wherein the second gateway is a backup gateway of the first gateway.
The wireless cellular module comprises a first cellular module, or both the first cellular module and a second cellular module, the second cellular module being a backup cellular module for the first cellular module.
On this basis, referring to fig. 1, the deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway includes the following steps:
step 11: and determining a delay constraint according to the communication delay function of the backup gateway network and the given network delay. The backup gateway network communication time delay function represents the relationship between the distribution position of the second gateway and the network communication time delay from the second gateway to the control center.
Step 12: and determining the cellular module coverage constraint according to the preset range corresponding to the second cellular module and the communication coverage range of the second cellular module.
Step 13: and determining the position of the second gateway according to the solving constraint and taking the minimum cost of the backup equipment as an optimization target so as to deploy the second gateway.
The solving constraint comprises a time delay constraint and a cellular module coverage constraint, and the backup device comprises a second gateway and a second cellular module.
In one example, the solving the constraint further includes: a number constraint. The quantity constraint illustratively includes a first quantity constraint, a second quantity constraint, and a third quantity constraint.
Under the condition that the quantity constraint comprises a first quantity constraint, the deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway further comprises the following steps: the first number constraint is determined based on the gateway failure location weight and the provisionable number of the second gateway.
In a case that the number constraint includes a second number constraint, the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further includes: the second number constraint is determined according to the providable number of the second cellular module.
Under the condition that the quantity constraint comprises a third quantity constraint, the deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway further comprises the following steps: and determining a third quantity constraint according to the quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules corresponding to each wireless cellular module and the total quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules.
Of course, in some embodiments, the quantity constraint may include only one of the first quantity constraint, the second quantity constraint, and the third quantity constraint in the above example. In other embodiments, the number constraint may also include any two of the first number constraint, the second number constraint, and the third number constraint in the above examples.
It should be noted that the wireless cellular module is located at an edge preset position within a corresponding preset range, and the wireless sensor gateway module within the preset range transmits information acquired and received by itself to the wireless cellular module in a hop-by-hop manner, and then the wireless cellular module transmits the information to the control center.
It should be noted that the preset positions are linearly distributed, and may be specifically located on or around the linearly distributed electric poles.
The above constraints and optimization objectives are described in detail below:
the optimization target is a cost function of the backup device, and the cost calculation function is as follows:
wherein Ex (RN) represents the unit price of the second gatewayEx (CM) represents unit price of the second cellular module, sub represents subscription fee of the second cellular module, RN represents set of preset positions, | RN | represents number of preset positions in RN, CM represents set of preset ranges, | CM | represents number of preset ranges in CM, XiIndicating a 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gateway at the ith predetermined locationjRepresenting a 0-1 distribution of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined range.
The above delay constraints are as follows:
wherein D istRepresenting a given network delay, XiIndicating a 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gateway at the ith predetermined locationjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, td of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeatRepresenting the average channel acquisition time, GP, of a wireless sensor gateway modulejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of medium wireless sensor gateway modules, r denotes data compression ratio, SDkRepresenting GPjSize, tr, of data transmitted by the kth wireless sensor gateway modulezigbeeIndicating the Zigbee transmission rate of the wireless sensor gateway module,
represents the total transmission data size tr of all the wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset rangecmRepresenting the transmission rate of the wireless cellular module.
The cellular module coverage constraints are:
wherein, YjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, GP, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of intermediate wireless sensor gateway modules, RNiRepresenting GPjIn the wireless sensor gateway module, RN, at the ith preset positioni+1Representing GPjA wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, | RNi-RNi+1| represents GPjThe distance between the wireless sensor gateway module at the ith preset position and the wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, RjAnd the coverage range of the network which can be reached by the wireless cellular module corresponding to the jth preset range is shown.
The first number constraint is:
∑Xi·wei≤TNBRN；
wherein, XiIndicating the 0-1 distribution of the second gateway at the ith preset position, wei indicating the gateway fault position weight, TNBRNIndicating the number of offerings of the second gateway.
The second number constraint is:
∑Yj≤TNBCM；
wherein, YjRepresents a 0-1 distribution, TN, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeBCMIndicating the available number of second cellular modules.
The third number constraint is:
wherein GPjRepresents a set of wireless sensor gateway modules within a jth preset range,
represents the set of all wireless sensor gateway modules within a preset range,
to represent
The number of the wireless sensor gateway modules in the RN is greater than the number of the wireless sensor gateway modules in the RN, RN represents the set of the preset positions, and RN | represents the number of the preset positions in the RN.
After the distribution position of the backup gateway is determined based on the method, the backup gateway is installed at the corresponding position. The control center determines the position of the original gateway with the fault by analyzing the received data information, determines whether a certain original gateway has a backup gateway after the original gateway with the fault is found to have the fault, and if the original gateway with the fault has the backup gateway, the control center orders the backup gateway to replace the original gateway with the fault to transmit the data information.
The deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway is introduced with reference to specific application scenarios as follows:
in an actual scene of monitoring outdoor distribution power and overhead lines by using a wireless sensor network, a wireless sensor gateway module converges collected monitoring data to a control center in a hop-by-hop transmission manner, as shown in fig. 2.
The power distribution line in the scene is of a linear topological structure, and a wireless sensor gateway module is installed on the electric pole between two adjacent substations. And grouping the wireless sensor gateway modules due to the limitation of monitoring time delay. The grouping method is arranged according to the condition that each group contains a similar number of wireless sensor gateway modules. On the last pole in each group, a wireless cellular module is installed for directly transmitting the monitoring data to the control center. The predetermined range (i.e. the aforementioned predetermined range) corresponding to the wireless cellular module is the range included in the group in which the wireless cellular module is located. The specific grouping is shown in fig. 2.
During a monitoring period, the wireless sensor gateway modules in each group work as follows: each wireless sensor gateway module comprises a first gateway or comprises the first gateway and a backup gateway thereof at the same time: a second gateway. The first gateway in the group collects data, compresses redundant data, and if the first gateway has a backup gateway, namely a second gateway, the second gateway is adopted for data backup.
The first wireless sensor gateway module in each group transmits compressed data to the next wireless sensor gateway module in a Zigbee wireless mode, the wireless sensor gateway module is attached to the compressed data of the electric pole, then the compressed data is transmitted to the next node in a hop-by-hop transmission mode, and finally the data of the group is gathered to the last wireless sensor gateway module in the group.
The last wireless sensor gateway module in the group attaches the monitoring data of the last wireless sensor gateway module, then the monitoring data is sent to the wireless cellular module which is positioned on the same electric pole, and the wireless cellular module directly transmits the information to the control center. The control center waits for the next monitoring period to be started.
Referring to fig. 2, it is assumed that there are n wireless sensor gateway modules, denoted as RN, between two adjacent substationsiN, with m honeycomb modules CMjJ 1.. m, then there are m groups GP according to the position modeljJ ═ 1.. m. Assume that the cost per wireless sensor gateway module and the cost per cellular module are ex (rn) and ex (cm), respectively. Typically the cellular module has an independent third party operator, so the cellular module has a subscription fee for sub.
The method and the device consider network transmission delay, the number of electric poles covered by the wireless cellular module and the optimal deployment position under the weighting condition of different positions. The network delay comprises two parts of transmission delay and direct transmission delay in the wireless sensor network. Wherein the intra-network time delay transmission comprises the average channel acquisition time td of each wireless sensor gateway moduleatAnd transmission delays in wireless sensor networks. Suppose, a packet GP is calculatedjThe transmission delay in (1) may be expressed as:
while the direct transmission delay can be expressed as:
r·SD|GPj|/trcm
where r is the data compression ratio, trzigbeeAnd trcmTransmission rates of Zigbee and cellular modules, respectively. Thus, a monitoring delay D is giventThe delay constraint can be expressed as:
in addition, CM is not equal for a particular cellular module, since the poles are not equally spacedjCoverage area RjThe number of poles that can be covered is at least:
according to the actual situation that the failure frequencies at different positions are different, a position weighting wei vector is arranged at the position. For the total number of backup wireless sensor gateway modules is TNBRNAnd the total number of backup cellular modules is TMBCMA 0-1 optimization equation may be constructed to determine the optimal number of backups. Setting the backup gateway vector as XiThe vector of the backup cellular module is YjThe optimization target expression with the minimum cost can be expressed as:
the optimized deployment location algorithm is as follows:
1): algorithm input parameters: linear topological structure RN of wireless network gateway and time delay threshold DtGroup parameter GP, cell module parameter CM, and the remaining known parameters tdat40ms, SD values of 2K, 4K and 8K, ZigBee transmission rate trzigbeeTaking 31.25K and 250K as the transmission rate tr of the wireless cellular modulecmValues of 50M and 1G, and values of 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 for the compression parameter r. The average pole pitch is 1300 feet, the ratio of the gateway cost Ex (RN) to the cellular module cost Ex (CM) is 1: 20. And (4) performing 100 electric pole tests, wherein the grouping condition GP takes 4 to 9 groups.
Outputting gateway backup location vector XiAnd cellular module backup location vector Yj。
2): the optimal gateway backup location X and the backup location Y of the cellular module are calculated from equation (3).
3): if equation (3) has a solution that is unique, the wireless sensor gateway and the cellular module are backed up according to the non-zero element positions in the gateway backup position vector X and the cellular backup position Y, and the algorithm ends.
4): if equation (3) has solutions that are not unique, then one of the solutions is selected to backup the wireless sensor gateway and the cellular module according to the non-zero element positions in the gateway backup position vector X and the cellular backup position Y, and the algorithm ends.
5): if equation (3) is not solved, the input parameters are changed to perform the loop calculation from step 2 to step 4.
6): if the step 5 has no solution, the backup gateway and the backup cellular module are deployed according to the position weight.
According to the method and the device, the situation of gateway failure in the wireless sensor network is considered, and the optimal backup position is considered when the gateway is backed up. Because the backup gateway and the original gateway have the same energy supply and property, the backup gateway considers the factors of time delay constraint, cellular module coverage constraint, grouping mechanism and the like in the original gateway.
Under different data amount and different compression ratio conditions, the time delay is respectively shown in fig. 3. Fig. 3(a) -3 (c) show the values of the time delays for the cases of compression ratios of 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 for data amounts of 2K, 4K and 8K, respectively. It can be seen that the smaller the data amount, the higher the compression ratio, and the smaller the transmission delay required.
One feature of the deployment model is the high cost due to the introduction of wireless cellular modules and grouping mechanisms, as shown in fig. 4. Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) compare the cost cases for the case where the data amount is 8K and 4K, respectively, and the delay time is 2 seconds. When the data volume is large (8K) and the delay is limited to within 2 seconds, a larger packet is needed to resolve. Larger packets mean an increased number of cellular modules. Since the gateway cost and the cost of the cellular module are set at a ratio of 1:20, the cost in fig. 4(a) is significantly higher than the cost in fig. 4 (b). This is due to the large amount of data that needs to be transmitted, while the latency requirements are short. Fig. 4(c) and 4(d) show the cost situation for different failure probability 3% and 5% situations, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 4(c) and 4(d), the higher the failure probability, the more damaged gateways, and thus the higher the cost. The added cost is not particularly significant compared to the difference in the number of transmissions.
The effects of the present application are verified below.
Setting the evaluation parameter Tolerance (Tolerance Ratio Tr) to be expressed as the correct position (cp)iE {0,1}), namely after the gateway fails, the gateway has a backup gateway. Error location (fp)iE {0,1}), i.e., the situation that no backup gateway exists after the gateway fails. Then the tolerance is expressed as:
the larger the tolerance, the better the deployment location is, given the determined number of backups. Conversely, the smaller the tolerance, the worse the deployment location is on the premise that the number of backups is determined.
The fault tolerance of the random deployment method, the base priority backup location algorithm (BPBP) based on the fault prior probability, and the deployment method provided by the present application are compared, as shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c) show the fault tolerance for the cases of 1 month, 5 months and 9 months in duration, respectively. Fault tolerance in the case of grouping into 8 groups with a data volume of 4K.
As can be seen from fig. 5, although the backup gateway is deployed randomly in the random deployment, the fault tolerance is still higher than 50%. This is because a certain number of backups is guaranteed. Obviously, the backup deployment algorithm based on the prior probability is higher than that deployed randomly, the algorithm inspects the prior position of the fault, and deploys the possible fault position of the prior position preferentially. The deployment method provided by the application not only considers the prior position, but also reasonably judges the possible fault position and the possibility of fault occurrence again by weighting the position. Therefore, the fault tolerance of the optimal deployment position is higher than that of the backup deployment algorithm with the prior probability. In addition, the fault tolerance rate is increased along with the number of the electric poles, and the basic characteristic that the fault tolerance rate is increased and then reduced is presented. The fault tolerance reaches the highest when the number of the electric poles is 80. This situation is related to the grouping. The maximum value of the fault tolerance is not the same for different packet scenarios.
No matter how the grouping situation is, the fault tolerance of the deployment method provided by the application is obviously superior to that of a backup deployment algorithm (BPBP) and a random deployment algorithm based on prior probability compared with the three algorithms.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method is applied to a power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system, and the power distribution and utilization overhead line monitoring system comprises: the wireless sensor gateway module, the wireless cellular module and the control center; each wireless sensor gateway module corresponds to a preset position, and each wireless cellular module corresponds to a wireless sensor gateway module within a preset range; the wireless cellular module is used for realizing the communication between the corresponding wireless sensor gateway module and the control center; the wireless sensor gateway module includes: the first gateway or the first gateway and the second gateway are included at the same time, wherein the second gateway is a backup gateway of the first gateway; the wireless cellular module comprises a first cellular module, or comprises both the first cellular module and a second cellular module, and the second cellular module is a backup cellular module of the first cellular module;
the deployment method of the wireless sensor backup gateway comprises the following steps:
determining a delay constraint according to a backup gateway network communication delay function and a given network delay; the backup gateway network communication time delay function representation is the relationship between the distribution position of the second gateway and the network communication time delay from the second gateway to the control center;
determining cellular module coverage constraints according to a preset range corresponding to the second cellular module and a communication coverage range of the second cellular module;
determining the position of the second gateway according to solving constraints and taking the minimum cost of backup equipment as an optimization target so as to deploy the second gateway; the solution constraint includes the delay constraint and the cellular module coverage constraint, and the backup device includes the second gateway and the second cellular module.
2. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 1,
the solving the constraints further comprises: a quantity constraint, the quantity constraint comprising a first quantity constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
determining the first number constraint based on a gateway failure location weight and a provisioned number of the second gateway.
3. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 2,
the quantity constraint further comprises a second quantity constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
determining the second number constraint according to a providable number of the second cellular module.
4. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 2 wherein the number constraints further comprise a third number constraint;
the wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method further comprises:
and determining the third quantity constraint according to the quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules corresponding to each wireless cellular module and the total quantity of the wireless sensor gateway modules.
5. The wireless sensor second gateway deployment method of claim 1,
the cost of the backup equipment is calculated through a cost calculation function;
the cost calculation function is as follows:
wherein ex (RN) represents the unit price of the second gateway, ex (CM) represents the unit price of the second cellular module, sub represents the subscription fee of the second cellular module, RN represents the set of preset locations, | RN | represents the number of preset locations in RN, CM represents the set of preset ranges, | CM | represents the number of preset ranges in CM, XiIndicating a 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gateway at the ith predetermined locationjRepresenting a 0-1 distribution of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined range.
6. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 1, wherein the delay constraints are:
wherein D istRepresenting said given network delay, XiIs indicated at the ith preset bitSet up 0-1 distribution, Y, of the second gatewayjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, td of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeatRepresenting the average channel acquisition time, GP, of a wireless sensor gateway modulejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of medium wireless sensor gateway modules, r denotes data compression ratio, SDkRepresenting GPjSize, tr, of data transmitted by the kth wireless sensor gateway modulezigbeeIndicating the Zigbee transmission rate of the wireless sensor gateway module,
represents the total transmission data size tr of all the wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset rangecmRepresenting the transmission rate of the wireless cellular module.
7. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 1, wherein the cellular module coverage constraints are:
wherein, YjRepresents the 0-1 distribution, GP, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangejRepresents the set of wireless sensor gateway modules in the jth preset range, | GPj| represents GPjNumber of intermediate wireless sensor gateway modules, RNiRepresenting GPjIn the wireless sensor gateway module, RN, at the ith preset positioni+1Representing GPjA wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, | RNi-RNi+1| represents GPjThe distance between the wireless sensor gateway module at the ith preset position and the wireless sensor gateway module at the (i + 1) th preset position, RjAnd the coverage range of the network which can be reached by the wireless cellular module corresponding to the jth preset range is shown.
8. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 2, wherein the first number constraint is:
∑Xi·wei≤TNBRN；
wherein, XiRepresents the 0-1 distribution of the second gateway at the ith preset position, wei represents the gateway fault position weight, TNBRNIndicating the number of offerings of the second gateway.
9. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 3, wherein the second number constraint is:
∑Yj≤TNBCM；
wherein, YjRepresents a 0-1 distribution, TN, of the second cellular module over the jth predetermined rangeBCMIndicating the available number of second cellular modules.
10. The wireless sensor backup gateway deployment method of claim 4, wherein the third number constraint is:
wherein GPjRepresents a set of wireless sensor gateway modules within a jth preset range,
represents the set of all wireless sensor gateway modules within a preset range,
to represent
The number of the wireless sensor gateway modules, RN represents the set of the preset positions, and RN | representsNumber of preset positions in RN.
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