CN113739566A

CN113739566A - Rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recycling waste heat

Info

Publication number: CN113739566A
Application number: CN202111298630.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄俊初; 冯昭辉; 冯彬; 李成文; 苏永黄
Original assignee: Foshan Tianlu Intelligent Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Tianlu Intelligent Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-04
Filing date: 2021-11-04
Publication date: 2021-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-04
Also published as: CN113739566B

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary kiln with functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering the waste heat, which is used for firing lithium battery raw materials. It includes a rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder includes a cylinder body and two supporting annular sleeves, the two ends of the cylinder body are respectively movably sleeved with one of the supporting annular sleeves, and are supported by the supporting annular sleeve, so that the cylinder body can be relative to the supporting annular sleeve. make a turn. A driven gear is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder, and the driven gear is used for connecting with the external driving gear to drive the cylinder. There are mutually independent raw material firing chambers and gas insulation chambers in the rotary drum. The raw material firing chamber extends along the axial direction of the rotary drum. The gas heat insulation cavity is in annular structure and is arranged around the periphery of the raw material firing cavity, and the gas heat insulation cavity also extends along the axial direction of the cylinder. The gas insulation chamber has an air inlet which communicates with the gas source, and the gas insulation chamber communicates with the raw material firing chamber through its own gas outlet. It can reduce the volatilization efficiency of the waste heat; and can fully recover and utilize the waste heat, thereby reducing energy consumption.

Description

Rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recycling waste heat

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rotary kilns, in particular to a rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat.

Background

Rotary kilns are rotary calciners commonly known as rotary kilns and are used in a variety of fields. According to different materials to be treated, the method comprises a cement kiln, a metallurgical chemical kiln, a lime kiln, a ceramsite kiln and a lithium battery kiln. Wherein, the process is different according to different materials. In particular, the required environment also varies.

At present, a plurality of heating modes of the rotary kiln for burning the lithium battery raw material are available, for example, a mode of electric couple heating, natural gas heating, coal mine heating and the like are adopted, and obviously, the heating mode of the rotary kiln is gradually saved from coal mine heating to natural gas heating to electric couple heating. However, since the heat recovery and reuse of the lithium battery raw material during the firing process are still in a relatively vacant state, there is a need for improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the rotary kiln with the functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering the waste heat, which can reduce the volatilization efficiency of the waste heat; and the waste heat can be fully recovered and utilized, thereby reducing the energy consumption.

The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the rotary kiln with the functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat is used for firing lithium battery raw materials and comprises a rotary drum, wherein the rotary drum comprises a drum body and two supporting annular sleeves, and two ends of the drum body are respectively movably sleeved with one of the supporting annular sleeves and supported by the supporting annular sleeves so that the drum body can rotate relative to the supporting annular sleeves; a driven gear is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel and is used for being connected with an external driving gear to drive the barrel;

a raw material firing cavity and a gas heat insulation cavity which are mutually independent are arranged in the rotary drum; the raw material firing cavity extends along the axial direction of the rotary drum; the gas heat insulation cavity is of an annular structure and is arranged around the periphery of the raw material firing cavity in an enclosing manner, and the gas heat insulation cavity also extends along the axial direction of the cylinder body; the gas heat insulation cavity is provided with a gas inlet communicated with a gas source, and is communicated with the raw material firing cavity through a gas outlet of the gas heat insulation cavity.

Furthermore, a radial gas pipe is fixed in the cylinder, the outlet end of the radial gas pipe is communicated with the gas inlet, the axis of the inlet end of the radial gas pipe is collinear with the axis of the cylinder, a static gas supply pipe is movably sleeved at the inlet end of the radial gas pipe, and the static gas supply pipe is fixed on one of the supporting annular sleeves.

Further, the gas inlet and the gas outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the gas heat insulation cavity; and the gas outlet is closer to the feed end of the raw material firing cavity than the gas inlet; the air outlet is connected with a one-way valve.

Furthermore, a bearing body is arranged in the gas heat insulation cavity, and two opposite sides of the bearing body are respectively fixed on the inner curved surface wall of the gas heat insulation cavity and the outer curved surface wall of the gas heat insulation cavity.

Furthermore, the bearing body comprises a plurality of bearing blocks, and the bearing blocks are respectively distributed along the circumferential direction of the gas heat insulation cavity at intervals in an array manner and are distributed along the axial direction of the gas heat insulation cavity at intervals in an array manner.

Further, the raw material firing cavity comprises a feeding conveying cavity, a raw material stirring cavity and a discharging conveying cavity which are communicated in sequence; a spiral rod is arranged in the discharge conveying cavity, and the spiral rod is provided with spiral feeding blades extending along the axial direction of the spiral rod; the inlet end of the radial gas transmission pipe is fixed on the spiral rod.

Furthermore, a plurality of rows of stirring rows are arranged in the raw material stirring cavity, each stirring row extends along the axial direction of the raw material stirring cavity, and the plurality of rows of stirring rows are distributed in a circumferential array by taking the axis of the raw material stirring cavity as a central line; the stirring row comprises stirring blocks which are mutually independent and are arranged at intervals, the stirring blocks are fixed on the wall of the raw material stirring cavity and are subordinate to the same stirring row, and the stirring blocks are arranged along the axial direction of the raw material stirring cavity at intervals, so that adjacent two stirring blocks form a spacing groove for the raw material to fall.

Furthermore, one end of the stirring block, which is far away from the wall of the raw material stirring cavity, is provided with a crushing blade, and the crushing blade is used for crushing the raw material falling from the upper part of the crushing blade.

Furthermore, the stirring row also comprises a fixing strip, and the fixing strip fixes the stirring blocks belonging to the same stirring row together.

Further, the fixing strip extends along the axial direction of the raw material stirring cavity to form a linear structure, and the fixing strip is located between two ends of the stirring block.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the nitrogen or oxygen filled into the raw material firing cavity inevitably passes through the gas heat insulation cavity first. Therefore, the gas heat insulation cavity blocks the volatilization of heat, namely, the volatilization efficiency of waste heat is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved. Most of the volatilized heat is absorbed by nitrogen or oxygen, so that the temperature of the nitrogen or oxygen entering the raw material firing cavity can be close to that of the raw material by only absorbing a small amount of heat, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is another perspective view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;

fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 3 at B;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a raw material stirring chamber portion of the rotary drum of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 6.

In the figure: 1. a rotary drum; 11. a barrel; 12. a supporting annular sleeve; 13. a driven gear; 14. a raw material firing cavity; 141. a feed delivery chamber; 142. a raw material stirring cavity; 143. a discharge conveying cavity; 144. a screw rod; 145. a helical feeding blade; 146. stirring and discharging; 1461. stirring blocks; 14611. crushing the blade; 1462. a spacing groove; 1463. a fixing strip; 15. a gas insulation chamber; 151. an air inlet; 152. an air outlet; 16. a radial gas delivery pipe; 161. an inlet end of a radial gas transmission pipe; 162. an outlet end of the radial gas delivery pipe; 17. a static air feed pipe; 18. a bearing block; 2. a one-way valve.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. As used herein, "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are for purposes of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Fig. 1 to 3 show a rotary kiln having functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering the waste heat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is used for firing raw materials for lithium batteries. It should be noted in advance that, in the process of firing the raw material of the lithium battery, if the raw material is a fired cathode raw material, nitrogen or other inert gases should be filled for protection; if the anode material is fired, oxygen should be introduced to participate in the reaction. That is, the charging gas is required to be charged regardless of whether the positive electrode material or the negative electrode material of the lithium battery is fired. Based on the method, the gas can be heated by utilizing the waste heat, so that the waste heat is recycled and utilized.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the rotary kiln having the functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of the waste heat and recovering the waste heat includes a rotary drum 1. The rotary drum 1 comprises a drum body 11 and two supporting annular sleeves 12, wherein two ends of the drum body 11 are respectively movably sleeved with one of the supporting annular sleeves 12 and are supported by the supporting annular sleeves 12, so that the drum body 11 can rotate relative to the supporting annular sleeves 12. The outer wall of the barrel 11 is fixed with a driven gear 13, and the driven gear 13 is used for being connected with an external driving gear to drive the barrel 11. According to the conventional art, the drum 11 of the rotary kiln is supported by four rollers, and the driven gear 13 is rotated by an external driving gear, so that the drum 11 is driven to rotate continuously.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3 to 5, a raw material firing chamber 14 and a gas heat insulating chamber 15 which are independent of each other are provided in the rotary drum 1. The raw material burning chamber 14 extends in the axial direction of the rotary drum 1. The gas heat insulation cavity 15 is of an annular structure and is arranged around the periphery of the raw material firing cavity 14, and the gas heat insulation cavity 15 also extends along the axial direction of the barrel 11. The gas insulation chamber 15 has a gas inlet 151 (see fig. 4) communicating with a gas source, and the gas insulation chamber 15 communicates with the raw material firing chamber 14 through its gas outlet 152 (see fig. 5). That is, the nitrogen gas or the oxygen gas charged into the raw material firing chamber 14 must first pass through the gas heat insulating chamber 15. Therefore, the gas heat insulation cavity 15 obstructs the volatilization of heat, namely, the volatilization efficiency of waste heat is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved. Most of the volatilized heat is absorbed by nitrogen or oxygen, so that the temperature of the nitrogen or oxygen entering the raw material firing cavity 14 can be close to that of the raw materials by only absorbing a small amount of heat, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

It should be additionally explained that the heating manner of the rotary kiln is various according to the conventional art, such as gas heating, coal-fired heating, electric coupling heating, and the like.

It will be appreciated that the air inlet 151 follows the rotation of the barrel 11 in a regular circular motion, based on the rotation of the barrel 11. Thus, the air inlet 151 is connected to the air source in a moving state, i.e. the air tube is required to swing. Therefore, preferably, referring to fig. 4, a radial air pipe 16 is fixed in the cylinder 11, an outlet end 162 of the radial air pipe is communicated with the air inlet 151, an axis of an inlet end 161 of the radial air pipe is collinear with an axis of the cylinder 11, and the inlet end 161 of the radial air pipe is movably sleeved with a static air pipe 17, and the static air pipe 17 is fixed on one of the supporting annular sleeves 12. By the arrangement, the radial air pipe 16 serves as a bridge, so that the connecting position of the static air pipe 17 and the inlet end 161 of the radial air pipe is located on the axis of the cylinder 11, and meanwhile, the inlet end 161 of the radial air pipe is movably sleeved with the static air pipe 17. In this way, the static air feed pipe 17 can feed air not only to the moving radial air feed pipe 16 but also to the support ring 12 to avoid the occurrence of a whip air pipe condition.

Preferably, referring to fig. 3 to 5, the gas inlet 151 and the gas outlet 152 are respectively provided at both ends of the gas insulation chamber 15; and the gas outlet 152 is closer to the feed end of the raw material firing chamber 14 than the gas inlet 151, i.e., the gas inlet 151 is closer to the discharge end of the raw material firing chamber 14 than the gas outlet 152. The arrangement makes the stroke of the nitrogen or the oxygen in the gas heat insulation cavity 15 longer, so that the nitrogen or the oxygen can fully absorb the residual heat, and further energy consumption is saved. Moreover, the arrangement is such that the gas outlet 152 is transported from the feeding end of the raw material firing chamber 14 to the discharging end of the raw material firing chamber 14, thereby ensuring that the raw material firing chamber 14 is filled with nitrogen or oxygen. Obviously, this is advantageous to ensure that nitrogen fills the material firing chamber 14 to improve protection based on firing the negative electrode material for lithium batteries. This is because the oxygen concentration is increased to reduce the specific gravity of the impurity gas based on firing the positive electrode material for a lithium battery.

Preferably, referring to fig. 3 and 5, the gas outlet 152 is connected with a check valve 2, so that the raw material is prevented from entering the gas insulation chamber 15 and blocking the gas outlet 152. Moreover, the check valve 2 can absolutely prevent the gas outlet 152 from being clogged at the instant of feeding the raw material firing chamber 14, based on the gas outlet 152 being close to the feeding end of the raw material firing chamber 14.

Preferably, referring to fig. 4, a bearing body is provided in the gas insulation chamber 15, and opposite sides of the bearing body are fixed to the inner curved wall of the gas insulation chamber 15 and the outer curved wall of the gas insulation chamber 15, respectively. This arrangement can improve the strength and rigidity of the cylindrical body 11, and can prevent the cylindrical body 11 from being bent due to the gas heat insulating chamber 15. Preferably, the bearing body is composed of a plurality of bearing blocks 18, and the plurality of bearing blocks 18 are respectively arranged along the circumferential direction of the gas insulation cavity 15 at intervals and are arranged along the axial direction of the gas insulation cavity 15 at intervals. By the arrangement, on the premise of ensuring the strength and rigidity of the cylinder body 11, nitrogen or oxygen can flow in the gas heat insulation cavity 15 conveniently.

Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the raw material burning chamber 14 includes a feeding conveying chamber 141, a raw material stirring chamber 142, and a discharging conveying chamber 143, which are connected in sequence. Obviously, in the raw material firing chamber 14, the material feeding chamber 141 feeds the raw material into the raw material stirring chamber 142, and the raw material stirring chamber 142 sufficiently stirs the raw material and feeds the raw material through the material feeding chamber 143. A screw rod 144 is arranged in the discharging conveying cavity 143, and the screw rod 144 is provided with a spiral feeding blade 145 extending along the axial direction of the screw rod 144; the inlet end 161 of the radial air delivery pipe is fixed on the spiral rod 144; this arrangement enhances the strength and stability of the radial gas pipe 16. It will be appreciated that the helical feeder vanes 145 are stationary relative to the barrel 11, i.e., the helical feeder vanes 145 rotate synchronously as the barrel 11 rotates. Obviously, the structure of the feeding and conveying chamber 141 may be the same as that of the discharging and conveying chamber 143.

Preferably, referring to fig. 6-8, a plurality of stirring rows 146 are disposed in the material stirring chamber 142, each stirring row 146 extends along the axial direction of the material stirring chamber 142, and the plurality of stirring rows 146 are distributed in a circumferential array with the axis of the material stirring chamber 142 as the center line; the stirring row 146 includes stirring blocks 1461 which are independent from each other and are arranged at intervals, the stirring blocks 1461 are fixed on the wall of the raw material stirring cavity 142, and a plurality of stirring blocks 1461 belonging to the same stirring row 146 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the raw material stirring cavity 142, so that an interval groove 1462 for the raw material to fall is formed between two adjacent stirring blocks 1461. During stirring, under the rotation of barrel 11, the raw materials can be received the dead weight and drop when reaching the peak after being held up by stirring row 146 to make the raw materials can mix more evenly. And, the spacing groove 1462 facilitates the falling of the raw materials from the stirring row 146, thereby avoiding the accumulation of the stirring row 146 and reducing the stirring effect.

Preferably, referring to fig. 6-7, the end of the stirring block 1461 away from the wall of the material stirring chamber 142 is provided with a crushing blade 14611, and the crushing blade 14611 is used for crushing the material falling from the upper side of the crushing blade 14611, so as to facilitate crushing of the agglomerated material and improve the mixing degree of the material.

Preferably, referring to fig. 6-7, the agitator row 146 further includes a holding bar 1463, the holding bar 1463 holding together the agitator blocks 1461 belonging to the same agitator row 146. With this arrangement, after a particular mixing block 1461 has been removed from fixed connection with the barrel 11, it is supported by the fixing bar 1463 and still can perform a mixing function.

Preferably, referring to fig. 6-7, the fixed bar 1463 extends in the axial direction of the material mixing chamber 142 to form a linear structure, and the fixed bar 1463 is located between the two ends of the mixing block 1461. It is understood that fixation bar 1463 may be a segmented S-shaped structure or other structure, while a linear structure facilitates mounting and welding of fixation bar 1463.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat, used for firing lithium battery raw materials, including a rotary drum (1), the rotary drum (1) comprising a cylindrical body (11) and two supporting rings A sleeve (12), two ends of the cylindrical body (11) are respectively movably sleeved with one of the supporting annular sleeves (12), and are supported by the supporting annular sleeve (12), so that the cylindrical body (12) 11) Can be rotated relative to the supporting annular sleeve (12); a driven gear (13) is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder (11), and the driven gear (13) is used to connect with an external driving gear for transmission The cylindrical body (11); it is characterized in that:

The rotary drum (1) is provided with mutually independent raw material firing chambers (14) and gas heat insulation chambers (15); the raw material firing chambers (14) extend along the axial direction of the rotary drum (1). ; the gas insulation cavity (15) is in the form of an annular structure and is arranged on the periphery of the raw material firing cavity (14), and the gas insulation cavity (15) is also along the axial direction of the cylinder (11) extending; the gas heat insulation chamber (15) has an air inlet (151) communicating with the gas source, and the gas heat insulation chamber (15) communicates with the raw material firing chamber (14) through its own air outlet (152). ) is connected.

2 . The rotary kiln with the function of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical body ( 11 ) is fixed with a radial gas transmission pipe ( 16 ), and the radial gas transmission pipe The outlet end (162) of the radial gas delivery pipe is communicated with the air inlet (151), the axis of the inlet end (161) of the radial gas delivery pipe is collinear with the axis of the cylinder (11), and the radial gas delivery pipe has a The inlet end (161) is movably sleeved with a static air supply pipe (17), and the static air supply pipe (17) is fixed to one of the supporting annular sleeves (12).

3. The rotary kiln with the functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet (151) and the air outlet (152) are respectively provided in the gas Both ends of the heat insulation cavity (15); and the air outlet (152) is closer to the feed end of the raw material firing chamber (14) than the air inlet (151); the air outlet (152) is connected with Check valve (2).

4. The rotary kiln with the functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: a load-bearing body is arranged in the gas insulation cavity (15), and two opposite sides of the load-bearing body are provided. The sides are respectively fixed to the inner curved wall of the gas heat insulation cavity (15) and the outer curved wall of the gas heat insulation cavity (15).

5. The rotary kiln with the function of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 4, characterized in that: the load-bearing body is composed of a plurality of load-bearing blocks (18), and a plurality of the load-bearing blocks (18) ) are distributed in an array spaced apart along the circumference of the gas heat insulation chamber (15), respectively, and distributed in an array spaced apart along the axial direction of the gas heat insulation chamber (15).

6 . The rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat according to claim 2 , wherein the raw material firing cavity ( 14 ) comprises a feed conveying cavity ( 141 ) that is communicated in sequence, A raw material stirring cavity (142), a discharge conveying cavity (143); a screw rod (144) is arranged in the discharge conveying cavity (143), and the screw rod (144) has a spiral rod (144) along the screw rod (144). An axially extending screw feeding blade (145); the inlet end (161) of the radial gas delivery pipe is fixed to the screw rod (144).

7. The rotary kiln with functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 6, characterized in that: the raw material stirring chamber (142) is provided with multiple rows of stirring rows (146), each of which is The stirring rows (146) all extend along the axial direction of the raw material stirring chamber (142), and the multiple rows of the stirring rows (146) are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the raw material stirring chamber (142) as the center line; the The stirring row (146) includes stirring blocks (1461) that are independent and spaced apart from each other. The stirring blocks (1461) are fixed on the cavity wall of the raw material stirring chamber (142) and belong to the same stirring row (146). The plurality of stirring blocks (1461) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the raw material stirring chamber (142), so that an interval for the falling of raw materials is formed between two adjacent stirring blocks (1461). slot (1462).

8. The rotary kiln with functions of reducing the volatilization efficiency of waste heat and recovering waste heat according to claim 7, characterized in that: one end of the stirring block (1461) away from the cavity wall of the raw material stirring cavity (142) A crushing blade (14611) is provided, and the crushing blade (14611) is used for crushing raw materials falling from above the crushing blade (14611).

9 . The rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat according to claim 7 , wherein the stirring row ( 146 ) further comprises a fixing bar ( 1463 ), and the fixing bar ( 1463 ) The stirring blocks (1461) belonging to the same stirring row (146) are fixed together.

10 . The rotary kiln with functions of reducing waste heat volatilization efficiency and recovering waste heat according to claim 9 , characterized in that: the fixing bars ( 1463 ) are formed by extending along the axial direction of the raw material stirring chamber ( 142 ). Linear structure, the fixing bar (1463) is located between the two ends of the stirring block (1461).