CN113736018B - Method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization - Google Patents
Method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization Download PDFInfo
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- CN113736018B CN113736018B CN202110970532.8A CN202110970532A CN113736018B CN 113736018 B CN113736018 B CN 113736018B CN 202110970532 A CN202110970532 A CN 202110970532A CN 113736018 B CN113736018 B CN 113736018B
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F226/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
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- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization. The method is characterized in that: firstly, a polytetrafluoroethylene tube and a long needle are assembled into a micro-fluidic device with a hollow structure, then acrylamide monomers, acrylate monomers, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, an initiator and a cross-linking agent are dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a uniform solution, and the uniform solution is transferred into an injector. And continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into the hollow microchannel by using a micro-flow injection pump. And finally, heating the tail end of the hollow micro-channel by using an electric soldering iron to initiate the polymerization of the microfluidic front end, and when the monomer is completely converted into the polymer, manufacturing the gel micro-tube with the hollow structure. The invention does not need an external heating source to maintain the polymerization of the whole system in the polymerization reaction process, has controllability, short polymerization reaction time, energy saving and no pollution; by combining front-end polymerization and micro-fluidic, the rapid and controllable synthesis of the hollow gel material can be realized, a technical reference is provided for the preparation of the gel microtube material, and the method has high application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional polymer material preparation, in particular to a method for preparing hollow gel by adopting a microfluidic front-end polymerization technology.
Background
Front-end polymerization is a novel free radical reaction mode for converting gel monomers into gels by the movement of local reaction zones in the gel monomers. After the heat source is removed, the heat generated by the polymerization reaction is diffused to the unreacted area, and the polymerization is continuously initiated until the monomer in the container is completely polymerized. The method is simple to operate, does not need stirring in polymerization, saves energy and time, and is an ideal polymerization mode. However, the current research on front-end polymerization is mainly focused on the centimeter scale (in test tubes), because at the millimeter/micrometer scale, the heat released by the reaction is rapidly dissipated and the polymerization cannot be continuously initiated. Thus, achieving front-end polymerization at the millimeter/micrometer scale is still currently a difficult problem. In addition, the hollow structure gel material has very high utilization value in the aspects of biological and chemical engineering, but the preparation of the gel microtube is a bottleneck which is difficult to overcome at present. At present, the preparation of the gel microtube has reported a microfluidic spinning method, and the system is alginate-calcium chloride (nat. protoc.2021,16, 937-. The front-end polymerization is combined with the hollow micro-fluidic device, and the front-end polymerization reaction is carried out on a millimeter scale, so that the continuous preparation of the high-strength hollow gel microtube can be realized, and the method has innovative significance and creativity and has great popularization and application values.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization; the method has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, low cost, high forming speed and the like, provides a path for realizing the rapid continuous preparation of the hollow gel microtube, and has higher application value in the fields of biological and chemical engineering.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization comprises the following specific steps:
(1) assembling a polytetrafluoroethylene tube and a long needle into a micro-fluidic channel with a hollow structure;
(2) weighing an acrylamide monomer, an acrylate monomer, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and a solvent, putting into a container, and stirring at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent;
(3) dissolving an initiator and a cross-linking agent in the mixed solution, stirring and dissolving to prepare a precursor solution of gel, and ultrasonically removing bubbles in the precursor solution;
(4) transferring the prepared gel precursor solution into an injector, combining the prepared gel precursor solution with a micro-flow channel of a hollow structure, and continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into the hollow micro-flow channel by using a micro-flow pump;
(5) and heating the tail end of the hollow micro-channel by using an electric iron to initiate polymerization reaction, removing the electric iron, and diffusing the polymerization reaction to an unreacted area by means of self-released heat until all the raw materials in the whole reactor are completely converted into gel, thereby finally obtaining the hollow gel material.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene tube is 3-5 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of the long needle is 1-3 mm. Preferably, the length of the microfluidic channel of the hollow structure is 6-15 cm.
Preferably, the flow rate of the micro-flow injection pump is 6-20 mL/h.
Preferably, the acrylamide monomer is at least one of acrylamide or hydroxymethyl acrylamide; the acrylate monomer is at least one of hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate; the organic solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol; the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide; the initiator is one of ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide.
Preferably, the mass percent of the acrylamide monomer, the mass percent of the acrylate monomer, the mass percent of the N-vinyl pyrrolidone, the mass percent of the organic solvent, the mass percent of the cross-linking agent and the mass percent of the initiator in the precursor solution of the gel are respectively 20-30%, 8-25%, 25-35%, 0.19-0.4% and 0.09-0.3%, respectively.
The polymerization reaction is a front-end polymerization reaction method. The temperature of the polymerization reaction initiated by the electric soldering iron is 80-120 ℃; the distance between the electric iron and the liquid level is 0.8-1.2 mm; the time of polymerization initiated by the electric iron is 20-40 s.
Has the advantages that:
the invention combines the front-end polymerization and the micro-fluidic technology, carries out the front-end polymerization reaction in the hollow micro-channel with millimeter scale, can realize the continuous and rapid preparation of the hollow gel microtube, and has simple method and low energy consumption. In addition, the aperture of the prepared gel microtube material is 70-120 microns, the range of the equilibrium swelling ratio is 300-400%, the tensile strength is 0.7-1.0 MPa, the elongation at break is 320-400%, the gel microtube material has excellent performance and a uniform hollow structure, and the method can provide technical reference for the preparation of gel microtube materials and has high popularization and application values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of preparing hollow-structure gel by the microfluidic front-end polymerization technique in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A polytetrafluoroethylene tube having an inner diameter of 5mm and a long needle having an inner diameter of 2mm were assembled into a microchannel having a hollow structure, the length of the hollow microchannel being 10 cm. Weighing 2.6g of acrylamide, 0.9g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3.5g N-vinyl pyrrolidone and 3g of solvent glycerol, putting the materials into a container, stirring at room temperature, completely mixing the mixed solution, completely dissolving a monomer in the glycerol until the solution is clear and transparent, weighing 0.02g of ammonium persulfate and 0.03g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, dissolving the ammonium persulfate and the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in the monomer solvent, stirring and dissolving to prepare a precursor solution of gel, and ultrasonically removing bubbles in the solution after uniformly mixing. Transferring the prepared gel precursor solution into an injector, continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into a hollow micro-channel at a flow rate of 15mL/h by using a micro-flow injection pump, heating the micro-channel by using an electric iron after the tail end of the micro-channel is 1mm, initiating for 30s at a temperature of 100 ℃, enabling the solution to form a stable front end face and move in the channel at a constant speed, and obtaining the hollow gel micro-tube (shown in figure 1) after all monomers in the micro-channel are polymerized. The aperture of the gel microtube material is 70 μm, the equilibrium swelling ratio range is 300%, the tensile strength is 0.88MPa, the elongation at break is 340%, and the gel microtube material has a uniform hollow structure.
Example 2
A polytetrafluoroethylene tube with an inner diameter of 3mm and a long needle with an inner diameter of 1mm were assembled into a microchannel with a hollow structure, and the length of the hollow microchannel was 6 cm. Weighing 3g of acrylamide, 2g of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3g N-vinyl pyrrolidone and 2g of solvent glycerol, putting the mixture into a container, stirring at room temperature, completely mixing the mixed solution, completely dissolving a monomer in dimethyl sulfoxide until the solution is clear and transparent, weighing 0.03g of ammonium persulfate and 0.02g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, dissolving the ammonium persulfate and the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in the monomer solvent, stirring and dissolving to prepare a precursor solution of gel, and ultrasonically removing bubbles in the solution after uniformly mixing. Transferring the prepared gel precursor solution into an injector, continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into a hollow micro-channel at the flow rate of 6mL/h by using a micro-flow injection pump, heating the tail end of the micro-channel by using an electric iron after the tail end is 1.2mm, initiating for 20s at the temperature of 120 ℃, enabling the solution to form a stable front end face, enabling the solution to travel in the channel at a constant speed, and obtaining the hollow gel micro-tube after all monomers in the micro-channel are polymerized. The aperture of the gel microtube material is 106 μm, the equilibrium swelling ratio range is 375%, the tensile strength is 1.0MPa, the elongation at break is 320%, and the gel microtube material has a uniform hollow structure.
Example 3
A polytetrafluoroethylene tube having an inner diameter of 5mm and a long needle having an inner diameter of 1mm were assembled into a microchannel having a hollow structure, the length of the hollow microchannel being 15 cm. Weighing 2.1g of hydroxymethyl acrylamide, 2.1g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2.8g of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and 3g of dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, putting the materials into a container, stirring at room temperature, completely mixing the mixed solution, completely dissolving a monomer in the dimethyl sulfoxide until the solution is clear and transparent, weighing 0.01g of benzoyl peroxide and 0.04g N of N-methylene bisacrylamide, dissolving the benzoyl peroxide and the N-methylene bisacrylamide in the monomer solvent, stirring and dissolving to prepare a precursor solution of gel, and ultrasonically removing bubbles in the solution after uniform mixing. Transferring the prepared gel precursor solution into an injector, continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into a hollow micro-channel at the flow rate of 20mL/h by using a micro-flow injection pump, heating the micro-channel by using an electric iron after the tail end of the micro-channel is 0.8mm, initiating for 40s at the temperature of 80 ℃, enabling the solution to form a stable front end face, enabling the solution to travel in the channel at a constant speed, and obtaining the hollow gel micro-tube after all monomers in the micro-channel are polymerized. The aperture of the gel microtube material is 120 μm, the equilibrium swelling ratio range is 400%, the tensile strength is 0.7MPa, the elongation at break is 400%, and the gel microtube material has a uniform hollow structure.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing hollow gel by microfluidic front-end polymerization comprises the following specific steps:
(1) assembling a polytetrafluoroethylene tube and a long needle into a microfluidic channel with a hollow structure;
(2) weighing acrylamide monomers, acrylate monomers, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and a solvent, putting into a container, and stirring until the solution is clear and transparent;
(3) dissolving an initiator and a cross-linking agent in the mixed solution, stirring and dissolving to prepare a precursor solution of gel, and ultrasonically removing bubbles in the precursor solution;
(4) transferring the prepared gel precursor solution into an injector, combining the prepared gel precursor solution with a micro-flow channel of a hollow structure, and continuously injecting the gel precursor solution into the hollow micro-flow channel by using a micro-flow pump;
(5) and heating the tail end of the hollow micro-channel by using an electric iron to initiate polymerization reaction, removing the electric iron, and diffusing the polymerization reaction to an unreacted area by means of self-released heat until all the raw materials in the whole reactor are completely converted into gel, thereby finally obtaining the hollow gel material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene tube is 3-5 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the long needle is 1-3 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the length of the microfluidic channel of the hollow structure is 6-15 cm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the flow rate of the micro-flow pump is 6-20 mL/h.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the acrylamide monomer is at least one of acrylamide or hydroxymethyl acrylamide; the acrylate monomer is at least one of hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate; the solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol; the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide; the initiator is one of ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass percent of the acrylamide monomer, the mass percent of the acrylate monomer, the mass percent of the N-vinyl pyrrolidone, the mass percent of the solvent, the mass percent of the cross-linking agent and the mass percent of the initiator in the precursor solution of the gel are respectively 20-30%, 8-25%, 25-35%, 19-30%, 0.19-0.4% and 0.09-0.3%, respectively.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the polymerization reaction initiated by the heating of the electric iron is 80-120 ℃; the time for initiating polymerization reaction by heating the electric iron is 20-40 s; the distance between the electric soldering iron and the liquid level is 0.8-1.2 mm.
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