CN113735777B - Method for preparing cyclic thiourea compound - Google Patents

Method for preparing cyclic thiourea compound Download PDF

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CN113735777B
CN113735777B CN202110951281.9A CN202110951281A CN113735777B CN 113735777 B CN113735777 B CN 113735777B CN 202110951281 A CN202110951281 A CN 202110951281A CN 113735777 B CN113735777 B CN 113735777B
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cyclic thiourea
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thiourea compound
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CN113735777A (en
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张士磊
陈晓冬
刘学军
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Shanghai Yaotan Pharmaceutical Research And Development Co ltd
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/84Sulfur atoms

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound, which is characterized in that metal hydride is suspended in anhydrous THF and stirred, the cyclic thiourea is dropwise added in the stirring process, the mixture is stirred at room temperature after the addition, diiodobenzene is then added, the mixture is continuously stirred at room temperature, and TLC (thin layer chromatography) monitoring reaction is completed. After the reaction is completed, adding ice water and tetrahydrofuran to quench the reaction, extracting by ethyl acetate, combining organic layers, washing by saturated sodium chloride solution, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, spin-drying the solvent, adding a proper amount of silica gel powder for sample mixing, and separating by rapid column chromatography to obtain the product of the cyclic thiourea compound. The method for preparing the cyclic thiourea compound by using the reaction system which is free of metal catalysis, low in raw material cost and non-air-sensitive is very significant.

Description

Method for preparing cyclic thiourea compound
Technical Field
The invention belongs to organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound.
Background
Aryl thiourea compounds have wide application in agriculture, chemistry and medicine, attracting great interest to many chemists and pharmacologists. In agriculture, isothiourea derivatives can be used as herbicides, insecticides, acaricides and the like. Chemically synthesized, isothiourea structured compounds can be used as catalysts and ligands for transition metal catalysis. The application in medicine is wider, and the product has good antiviral and antihistamine activities. Therefore, more and more isothiourea drug molecules are synthesized and designed, and have very significant biological effects, so that the development of the medical field is effectively promoted, and studies on HIV-1 inhibitors, anti-infective agents, central nervous agents, valine protein inhibitors and the like are carried out [ (a) Ma C, wu A, wu Y, et al ]. Arch. Pharm. 2013, 346, 891-900. (b) Mugnaini C, Manetti F, Este J A, Clotet-Codina I, et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.2006, 16, 3541-3544. (c) Srivastava V K, Kumar P, Agarwal J C, et al. Pharmazie. 1981, 36, 441. (d) Rogovoy B, Vvedenskiy V, Cai X, et al. WO 2003095396, 2003]:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the prior art, a metathesis exchange reaction between isothiourea and aryl isocyanate and an S-arylation reaction between diazonium salt and N-phenylthiourea are used, but raw materials are not easy to obtain, the preparation is complex, the atom economy is poor, and the industrial synthesis cost is high. Although the metal catalyzed process is generally applicable to the synthesis of various cyclic thiourea compounds, it also has some drawbacks. If high temperature is needed, the reaction time is long, the catalyst loading is large, the reagent price is high, and the pollution of metal waste is easy to cause. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a reaction system that is free of metal catalysis, inexpensive in raw materials, and non-air sensitive to produce cyclic thiourea compounds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound, which is very simple and convenient to operate, does not need metal catalysis, has low-cost and easily-obtained raw materials and good functional group tolerance. Provides an excellent scheme for the drug synthesis of S-aryl isothiourea building blocks, and has great significance for the future drug synthesis development.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound uses cyclic thiourea and iodobenzene as substrates, and the cyclic thiourea compound is obtained by reacting in a solvent in the presence of metal hydride.
In the invention, the chemical structural formula of the iodobenzene is as follows:
Figure 803703DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
the chemical structural formula of the cyclic thiourea is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
、/>
Figure 160604DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the chemical structural formula of the cyclic thiourea compound of the invention is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
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Figure 618130DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in the structural formula, R is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkoxy; further, in the cyclic thiourea, the substituent may be one or more.
The reaction of the cyclic thiourea and the iodobenzene is carried out in the presence of metal hydride and in a solvent without other substances, and the cyclic thiourea compound is obtained as a single product after the reaction is carried out for 2 to 10 hours at room temperature.
In the invention, the metal hydride is sodium hydride, potassium hydride, calcium hydride, lithium hydride and the like; the dosage of the metal hydride is 3-5 times of the molar quantity of the cyclic thiourea. Further, the dosage of the iodobenzene is 1 to 3 times of the molar quantity of the cyclic thiourea.
In the invention, the solvent is one or more of dimethylacetamide DMA, tetrahydrofuran THF, acetonitrile CH3CN, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether DME and Toluene tolene, preferably THF and DMA, and the volume ratio of the two is preferably (4-8) to 1.
Metal catalysis can be used for synthesizing the cyclic thiourea compound, but has the defects of high temperature, long reaction time, large catalyst loading, high reagent price and easy pollution of metal waste. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a reaction system that is free of metal catalysis, inexpensive in raw materials, and non-air sensitive to produce cyclic thiourea compounds. In recent years, chemists have been trying to directly use N-substituted imidazole to react with disulfide for nucleophilic substitution, and a metal catalyst is not required to conveniently generate S-arylated imidazole, but N-BuLi is required to carry out deprotonation, so that the reaction needs no water or oxygen atmosphere, and the safety is poor. According to the invention, nucleophilic addition reaction is carried out by using iodobenzene and a cyclic thiourea compound under the action of NaH, so that the first time of utilizing cyclic thiourea as a first reaction raw material to directly carry out iodobenzene and C-S coupling to generate the cyclic thiourea compound is realized, and the method has good regioselectivity. The scheme is very simple and convenient to operate, metal catalysis is not needed, raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the tolerance of functional groups is good. Provides an excellent scheme for the drug synthesis of the cyclic thiourea compound block, and has great significance for the future drug synthesis development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of compound 10 x.
Detailed Description
The structure of the cyclic thiourea compound exists in a plurality of chemical molecules, is widely applied to the fields of functional materials and medicaments, and attracts great interest of scientists. In recent years, thiourea derivatives have also begun to become powerful tools for asymmetric organocatalysis. For the synthesis of cyclic thiourea compounds, halobenzene or phenylboronic acid is usually used for C-S coupling of thiourea under a metal catalyst, but the experimental method has harsh reaction conditions (air sensitivity, strong alkali/high temperature), large catalyst loading and serious metal reagent pollution. In addition, sulfur-containing species can rapidly and irreversibly deactivate various metal catalysts, making metal-catalyzed C-S bond formation schemes less preferred by a wide range of organic synthesizers.
The invention takes the cyclic thiourea and the iodobenzene as substrates, can finish the reaction in the presence of metal hydride and solvent, and obtains the cyclic thiourea compound with high yield without other substances, thereby solving the problems of the prior art that metal catalysts, format reagents and the like are needed.
The nuclear magnetic H spectrum of the compound is detected by an Agilent 400 MHz instrument and a Bruker 400 MHz instrument, the C spectrum is detected by the Bruker 400 MHz instrument, and the sample solvent is deuterated reagent (CDCl) 3 Or (b)d 6 DMSO), all containing TMS internal standard, nuclear magnetic data report including: chemical shift, integration of peak area, coupling constant, peak pattern, etc. The single crystal was detected by using an X-ray single crystal diffractometer (D8 Quest). TLC thin layer chromatography plate is produced by yellow sea chemical plant of tobacco table, and is visually monitored at 254nm or 365nm wavelength, and the color-developing agent is KMnO 4 Iodine, phosphomolybdic acid and dinitrophenylhydrazine, and the silica gel mesh number used for the flash column chromatography is 200-300 meshes. All reagents are commercially available analytically pure or chemically pure, and are directly used without special description. The anhydrous solvents are either the distilled solvents or commercially available dry solvents (carbofuran).
Unless otherwise indicated, the present invention employs conventional methods within the skill of the art, such as mass spectrometry, NMR, IR and UV/VIS spectroscopy. Unless specifically defined otherwise, terms used herein in the description of analytical chemistry, organic synthetic chemistry, and the like are known in the art. Standard techniques may be used in chemical synthesis, chemical analysis. In the present specification, the groups and substituents thereof may be selected by one skilled in the artTo provide stable moieties and compounds. When substituents are described by conventional formulas written from left to right, the substituents also include chemically equivalent substituents obtained when writing formulas from right to left. For example, -CH 2 O-is equivalent to-OCH 2 -. Certain chemical groups defined herein are preceded by a simplified symbol to indicate the total number of carbon atoms present in the group. For example, C1-6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group as defined below having a total of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms in the reduced notation does not include carbon that may be present in a substituent of the group.
In the present invention, halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; hydroxy refers to an-OH group; hydroxyalkyl refers to alkyl substituted with hydroxy (-OH); carbonyl refers to a-C (=o) -group; nitro refers to-NO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Cyano refers to-CN; amino means-NH 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Carboxyl refers to-COOH.
The raw materials involved in the invention are all existing products, are commercially available and can be prepared according to the existing method.
Preparation of Synthesis example raw Material 9x-9ae
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Taking R as hydrogen to prepare raw material 9x as an example, phenyl isothiocyanate (4.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv) and aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (4.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv) were stirred at room temperature in a two-necked flask for 1h, and TLC monitored that the phenyl isothiocyanate raw material was reacted. To the reaction solution was added a catalytic amount of 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.4. 0.4 mL, 10 mol%) and stirred at room temperature for 5min, then transferred to an oil bath at 110 ℃ for reflux under heating, and after 3h the reaction was completed by TLC monitoring the progress of the reaction. Cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature, spin-drying toluene solvent in the reaction liquid, adding 1N NaOH aqueous solution for washing, extracting with ethyl acetate for 5 times, combining organic layers, washing with saturated sodium chloride solution, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, spin-drying solvent, mixing with a proper amount of silica gel powder, performing column separation by rapid column chromatography (PE: EA=2:1) to obtain a white solid product with a yield of 60% which is 9x as a raw material, 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 12.50 (s, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.47 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 18.5 Hz, 2H)。
the structural formula of part of raw materials is as follows:
Figure 229240DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Figure 864752DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Figure 194102DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Figure 450726DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
example 1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
NaH (1.2 mmol, 4.0 equiv) was weighed into a reaction flask, suspended in anhydrous THF (0.8 mL) and stirred, during stirring, thiocyclic urea 9 (0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL DMA) was added dropwise, after the addition was completed, stirred at room temperature for 2min, then diiodobenzene 2a (0.6 mmol, 2.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL THF) was added, stirring was continued at room temperature and TLC monitored for reaction completion. After the reaction is completed, ice water and tetrahydrofuran are added to quench the reaction, ethyl acetate is used for extraction for 3 times, the organic layers are combined, the mixture is washed by saturated sodium chloride solution, dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, the solvent is dried by spin, a proper amount of silica gel powder is added for sample mixing, and the product of the cyclothiourea compound 10 is obtained through rapid column chromatography separation.
When R is hydrogen, the reaction is finished for 3 hours, and the yield is 70%; when R is 4-Cl, the reaction is finished for 2 hours, and the yield is 88%; when R is 3-Cl, the reaction is finished for 10 hours, and the yield is 64%; r is 3-CF 3 At the end of the reaction for 4 hours, the yield was 68%; when R is 4-Me, the reaction is finished for 4 hours, and the yield is 66%; when R is 2-Me, the reaction is finished for 4 hours, and the yield is 50%; when R was 4-MeO, the reaction was completed for 10 hours, and the yield was 59%.
Example two
Figure 181922DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
NaH (1.2 mmol, 4.0 equiv) was weighed into a reaction flask, suspended in anhydrous THF (0.8 mL) and stirred, during stirring, thiocyclic 9ae (0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL DMA) was added dropwise, after the addition was completed, stirred at room temperature for 1.5min, then diiodobenzene 2a (0.6 mmol, 2.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL THF) was added, stirring was continued at room temperature and TLC monitored for reaction completion. After the reaction is completed for 4 hours, ice water and tetrahydrofuran are added to quench the reaction, ethyl acetate is extracted for 3 times, the organic layers are combined, the mixture is washed by saturated sodium chloride solution, dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, the solvent is dried by spin, a proper amount of silica gel powder is added for sample mixing, and the product of the cyclothiourea compound 10ae is obtained through rapid column chromatography separation, and the yield is 60%.
The nuclear magnetic data of the cyclic thiourea compound of the above-mentioned product are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.67 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.40 – 7.35 (m, 3H), 7.33 (d, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.24 – 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.20 – 7.15 (m, 1H), 6.90 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (td, J = 7.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 140.58, 139.59, 138.74, 137.23, 131.10, 129.29, 128.99, 128.87, 128.75, 127.77, 125.83, 124.39, 97.31。
Figure 988335DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.70 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (m, 3H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 7.22 – 7.13 (m, 3H), 6.90 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (td, J = 7.7, 1.5 Hz, 1H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 140.24, 139.75, 138.92, 135.72, 134.79, 131.33, 129.54, 129.08, 128.97, 128.00, 127.14, 124.26, 97.50。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.70 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.38 – 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.27 (d, J = 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 – 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.15 – 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.95 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (td, J = 7.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 139.97, 139.71, 139.05, 138.15, 134.84, 131.23, 130.28, 129.45, 128.98, 128.93, 128.10, 126.20, 124.15, 124.14, 97.91。
Figure 539402DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.66 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.47 – 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.35 (d, J = 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J = 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21 – 7.15 (m, 1H), 6.93 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.86 – 6.78 (m, 1H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 139.85, 139.74, 139.19, 137.65, 131.86 (d, J = 33.3 Hz), 131.41, 129.72 (d, J = 70.7 Hz), 129.34, 128.96, 128.15, 125.59 (q, J = 11.1 Hz), 124.67, 124.20, 122.94 (q, J = 11.1 Hz), 121.96, 97.74. 19 F NMR (377 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ -62.73。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.78 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.31 – 7.25 (m, 3H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (td, J = 7.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 140.81, 139.60, 138.84, 138.72, 134.77, 131.03, 129.87, 128.88, 127.70, 125.61, 124.47, 97.18, 21.24。
Figure 587998DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.65 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.28 – 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.21 – 7.16 (m, 1H), 7.15 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.04 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.84 – 6.77 (m, 1H), 1.98 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 140.03, 139.61, 139.51, 136.27, 135.35, 131.11, 130.98, 129.89, 129.50, 128.74, 127.96, 127.55, 126.65, 124.36, 98.49, 17.54。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.69 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (td, J = 8.0, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.15 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.87 (dt, J = 4.2, 2.7 Hz, 3H), 6.81 (td, J = 7.7, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 159.74, 140.84, 139.60, 138.96, 130.97, 130.20, 128.87, 127.70, 127.08, 124.68, 114.42, 97.18, 55.68。
Figure 173700DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
11 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.98 – 7.81 (m, 2H), 7.58 – 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.46 – 7.34 (m, 3H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J = 10.6, 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.16 – 7.06 (m, 2H), 6.79 – 6.64 (m, 1H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 140.81, 139.88, 139.43, 134.11, 133.61, 130.93, 130.16, 130.06, 129.85, 128.73, 128.28, 127.97, 127.46, 126.79, 125.56, 125.30, 125.10, 122.34, 98.92。
example III
KH (1.2 mmol, 4.0 equiv) was weighed into a reaction flask, suspended in anhydrous THF (0.8 mL THF) and stirred, thiourea 9x (0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL DMA) was added dropwise during stirring, stirring was performed at room temperature for 2min after the addition was completed, then diiodobenzene 2a (0.6 mmol, 2.0 equiv, dissolved in 0.2 mL THF) was added, stirring was continued at room temperature, after 3h, quenching reaction was performed by adding ice water and tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate extraction was performed 3 times, the organic layers were combined, washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, spin-dried solvent was added, a proper amount of silica gel powder was added and the mixture was subjected to flash column chromatography separation to obtain the product of the cyclic thiourea compound.
According to the invention, iodobenzene is used for nucleophilic addition reaction with cyclic thiourea under the action of NaH, so that the cyclic thiourea compound is generated by directly performing C-S coupling on the iodobenzene and thiourea for the first time, the cyclic thiourea compound can be directly used, and further, the product of the invention is provided with iodobenzene and can react with alkynyl, sulfhydryl, piperazine and other groups by adopting a conventional method to obtain more drug molecules. In addition, the existence of halogen and sulfur also enables the product of the invention to be used as a flame retardant modifier for functional materials, and has great significance for the future development of small molecule synthesis.

Claims (7)

1. A method for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound is characterized in that the cyclic thiourea compound is prepared by taking cyclic thiourea and iodobenzene as substrates and reacting in a solvent in the presence of metal hydride;
the chemical structural formula of the iodobenzene is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_1
the chemical structural formula of the cyclic thiourea is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_2
、/>
Figure QLYQS_3
the chemical structural formula of the cyclic thiourea compound is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_4
、/>
Figure QLYQS_5
r is selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkoxy.
2. The method of preparing a cyclic thiourea compound of claim 1 wherein the cyclic thiourea has one or more substituents.
3. The method for producing a cyclic thiourea compound according to claim 1, wherein the metal hydride is sodium hydride.
4. The process for preparing a cyclic thiourea compound according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a metal hydride in a solvent without other substances at room temperature for 2 to 10 hours.
5. The method for producing a cyclic thiourea compound according to claim 1, wherein the metal hydride is used in an amount of 3 to 5 times the molar amount of the cyclic thiourea; the dosage of the iodobenzene is 1 to 3 times of the molar quantity of the cyclic thiourea.
6. The method for producing a cyclic thiourea compound according to claim 5, wherein the metal hydride is used in an amount of 4 times the molar amount of the cyclic thiourea; the amount of iodobenzene is 2 times the molar amount of the cyclic thiourea.
7. The method for producing a cyclic thiourea compound according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, toluene.
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