CN113735481B - Composite early strength mineral admixture and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite early strength mineral admixture and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735481B CN113735481B CN202110996212.XA CN202110996212A CN113735481B CN 113735481 B CN113735481 B CN 113735481B CN 202110996212 A CN202110996212 A CN 202110996212A CN 113735481 B CN113735481 B CN 113735481B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/05—Materials having an early high strength, e.g. allowing fast demoulding or formless casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a composite early strength mineral admixture as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite early strength mineral admixture comprises fly ash, mineral powder, fluorgypsum and a composite additive, wherein the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fly ash: mineral powder: fluorine gypsum: composite admixture = (30-50): (30-50): (10-20): (10-20); wherein, the composite admixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 portions of calcium formate, 20 to 30 portions of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 20 portions of sodium carbonate and 20 to 30 portions of hydrated lime. The composite early-strength mineral admixture not only can realize the utilization of solid wastes and avoid environmental pollution, but also is beneficial to improving the compressive strength of cement concrete and improving the service performance of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a composite early strength mineral admixture as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The solid waste, especially bulk solid waste, has the characteristics of large amount, wide range, outstanding environmental influence and the like, but due to the characteristics of the solid waste, when the solid waste is singly used in concrete, certain performances of the concrete are often influenced, for example, the early strength of the concrete is influenced by fly ash, water secretion and shrinkage are increased by mineral powder, and the like, so that the using amount of the solid waste is influenced.
Therefore, further research on solid wastes is needed to improve the service performance of concrete while recycling the solid wastes and avoiding the environmental pollution caused by the solid wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite early strength mineral admixture to solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by solid wastes and poor concrete performance caused by single use.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the composite early-strength mineral admixture.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a composite early strength mineral admixture comprises fly ash, mineral powder, fluorgypsum and a composite additive;
the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fly ash: mineral powder: fluorine gypsum: composite admixture = (30-50): (30-50): (10-20): (10-20);
wherein, the composite admixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 portions of calcium formate, 20 to 30 portions of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 20 portions of sodium carbonate and 20 to 30 portions of hydrated lime.
Preferably, the fluorgypsum is a byproduct of preparing hydrogen fluoride by using sulfuric acid and fluorspar, and the specific surface area is not less than 300m 2 /kg。
Preferably, the fly ash is power plant dry discharge ash.
Preferably, the ore powder is ore powder of S95 grade or above.
Preferably, the calcium formate is commercial industrial grade calcium formate, and is solid powder, and the content of the calcium formate is 98% (mass percentage) or more.
Preferably, the aluminum sulfate is solid powder particles of aluminum sulfate I or aluminum sulfate II in chemical industry standard "industrial aluminum sulfate" HG/T2225-2010;
more preferably, the sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate solid powder particles in table 1 of HG/T4535-2013 which meets chemical industry standards of cosmetic sodium sulfate.
Preferably, the sodium carbonate is industrial sodium carbonate (both II or III) meeting the requirements of first-class products and/or qualified products in the national standard 'industrial sodium carbonate' GB 210-1992;
more preferably, the slaked lime powder is a slaked lime powder meeting the requirements of first-class products and/or qualified products in building material industry standard JC/T481-92 slaked lime powder for buildings.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing calcium formate, aluminum sulfate, sodium carbonate and hydrated lime according to a ratio to obtain a composite additive;
and S2, uniformly mixing the fly ash, the mineral powder, the fluorgypsum and the composite additive according to a ratio to obtain the composite early-strength mineral admixture.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the use of a composite early strength mineral admixture as described above in concrete.
Preferably, the concrete comprises portland cement and a composite early strength mineral admixture, and the mass ratio of the portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is (20-80) to (20-80).
Preferably, the concrete further comprises a water reducing agent and sand.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
the composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention mainly comprises solid wastes (fly ash, mineral powder and fluorgypsum), not only can effectively realize the utilization of the solid wastes and avoid environmental pollution, but also can play a role in improving the compressive strength of cement.
Compared with portland cement, the cementing material prepared by compounding the composite early-strength mineral admixture and the portland cement according to the mass ratio of (20-80) to (20-80) has better compressive strength.
The composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention not only greatly improves the 1d compressive strength of concrete, but also improves the 28d compressive strength of concrete when the composite early strength mineral admixture replaces portland cement by a larger proportion.
The cement concrete of the invention has low requirements on production equipment and personnel, short production period and low production cost, does not generate three wastes in the whole process, can utilize solid wastes and does not influence the environment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are included to illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the composite admixture in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the composite early strength mineral admixture in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a composite early-strength mineral admixture aiming at the problems that solid wastes (coal ash, mineral powder, fluorgypsum and the like) influence the environment and the use performance of concrete is deteriorated when the solid wastes are independently applied to the concrete. The composite early strength mineral admixture is not only beneficial to realizing the reutilization of solid wastes, but also has the function of improving the performance of cement and/or concrete.
The composite early strength mineral admixture comprises fly ash, mineral powder, fluorgypsum and a composite additive; the mass ratio of the fly ash to the mineral powder to the fluorgypsum to the composite additive is, by weight: minerals: fluorine gypsum: composite additive (30-50) and (30-50): (10-20): (10 to 20). For example, 30.
The composite additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts (e.g., 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, or 30 parts) of calcium formate, 20 to 30 parts (e.g., 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, or 30 parts) of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 20 parts (e.g., 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, or 20 parts) of sodium carbonate, and 20 to 30 parts (e.g., 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, or 30 parts) of hydrated lime.
The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas in a coal-fired power plant, and the main chemical component of the fly ash comprises SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And the fly ash is used for preparing concrete, and has the following effects: firstly, the fly ash has the 'shape effect', the fly ash contains more than 70% of glass beads, the particle shape is complete, the surface is smooth, the texture is compact, and the effect of reducing water can be achieved; the second is the 'activity effect' of the fly ash, namely SiO in the fly ash 2 、Al 2 O 3 Can be mixed with cement hydration product Ca (OH) 2 Calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate are generated through reaction, but the early strength of the concrete can be influenced due to the slow reaction speed; thirdly, the micro-aggregate effect of the fly ash, and the tiny micro-beads and fragments in the fly ash can perfect the fine particle components in the cement concrete. However, if the fly ash contains a large amount of unburned carbon particles, the performance of the concrete is adversely affected.
The mineral powder (blast furnace slag micropowder) is a high-fineness and high-activity powder obtained by using water-quenched blast furnace slag and carrying out drying, grinding and other processes, and its main chemical component is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And CaO, etc. The mineral powder can generate a synergistic hydration reaction with Portland cement, and can optimize the particle size of a cementing material, so that the compressive strength of concrete is effectively improved, the cost of the concrete is reduced, and meanwhile, the mineral powder has better effects of inhibiting alkali aggregate reaction, reducing hydration heat and the like, but is independently used, and the segregation of concrete mixtures, the shrinkage cracking in a hardening stage and the like are easily caused.
The fluorgypsum is a byproduct of preparing hydrogen fluoride by adopting sulfuric acid and fluorspar, is mainly anhydrous calcium sulfate, has low self activity, but can generate ettringite with calcium aluminate minerals in portland cement and mineral powder, thereby playing a role in optimizing hydration products of the cementing material.
The composite additive can provide Ca 2+ 、SO 4 2- 、CO 3 2- 、Na + 、OH - And the method is beneficial to the excitation of the activity of the fly ash and the mineral powder and the generation of early hydration products.
The invention is prepared byThe fly ash, the mineral powder and the fluorgypsum are mixed according to a specific proportion, the composite additive with the specific proportion is added, and the calcium formate, the aluminum sulfate, the sodium carbonate and the hydrated lime in the composite additive are matched according to the specific proportion, so that the calcium formate can shorten the hydration induction period of the portland cement, accelerate the hydration induction period of the portland cement, advance the occurrence time of a hydration temperature peak, and increase the hydration heat release rate and heat release amount in the early stage; aluminum sulfate provides SO for system 4 2- And Al 3+ Thereby being beneficial to the generation of early ettringite; sodium sulfate is used for providing SO for the system 4 2- Is beneficial to the generation of early ettringite; second, provide Na for the system + The excitation of the activity of the fly ash and the mineral powder is facilitated; sodium carbonate firstly provides CO for the system 3 2- And Ca in the system 2+ Reaction to form CaCO 3 Thus contributing to early strength; second, provide Na for the system + The excitation of the activity of the fly ash and the mineral powder is facilitated; slaked lime provides Ca to the system at an early stage 2+ And OH - First, it helps ettringite and CaCO 3 Early generation; and secondly, the activity of the fly ash and the mineral powder is stimulated. The components in the composite additive act synergistically, so that the service performance of the fly ash, the mineral powder and the fluorgypsum is improved, and the reuse of solid wastes is realized.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the fluorgypsum is a byproduct of preparing hydrogen fluoride from sulfuric acid and fluorite, and the specific surface area is not less than 300m 2 The smaller the particle size of the fluorogypsum is, the more beneficial the fluorogypsum is to hydrate with the portland cement and the calcium aluminate mineral powder in the mineral powder to generate hydration products such as ettringite and the like.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the fly ash is dry ash discharged from a power plant, and only the dry ash is selected because the finished product of the composite early-strength mineral admixture is powder.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the mineral powder meets the mineral powder of S95 grade and above in the table 1 of the national standard GB/T18046-2017 granulated blast furnace slag powder used in cement, mortar and concrete, and the higher the grade of the mineral powder is, the better the activity of the mineral powder is.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the calcium formate is commercially available industrial grade calcium formate, is in the form of solid powder, and has a content of 98% or more.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the aluminum sulfate is solid powder particles of aluminum sulfate I or aluminum sulfate II in chemical industry standard HG/T2225-2010 industrial aluminum sulfate.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate solid powder particles in Table 1, which meet the chemical industry standard HG/T4535-2013 cosmetic sodium sulfate.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the sodium carbonate is industrial sodium carbonate meeting the requirements of first-class products and/or qualified products in national standard GB210-1992 Industrial sodium carbonate.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the slaked lime powder is the slaked lime powder meeting the requirements of first-class products and/or qualified products in building material industry standard JC/T481-92.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing the calcium formate, the aluminum sulfate, the sodium carbonate and the hydrated lime according to a ratio to obtain the composite additive;
and S2, uniformly mixing the fly ash, the mineral powder, the fluorgypsum and the composite additive according to a ratio to obtain the composite early strength mineral admixture.
In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the present invention, in the step S1, calcium formate, aluminum sulfate, sodium carbonate and hydrated lime are proportionally added into a mixer to be uniformly mixed, and the specific surface area reaches 350m 2 And/kg, detecting according to national standard GB 8076-2008 of concrete admixture, and obtaining the composite admixture after passing the detection (see the attached figure 1 of the specification).
In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention, in the step S2, the fly ash, the mineral powder, the fluorgypsum and the composite admixture are added into a mixer (or a stirrer) according to a proportion and stirred uniformly, the detection is carried out according to the building industry standard JG/T486-2015 composite admixture for concrete, and the composite early strength mineral admixture is obtained after the detection is qualified (see the attached figure 2 of the specification).
The invention also provides application of the composite early-strength mineral admixture in concrete.
In a preferred embodiment of the application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention, the concrete comprises Portland cement and the composite early strength mineral admixture, and the mass ratio of the Portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is (20-80) to (20-80) (for example, 20.
In one preferred embodiment of the application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention, in order to improve the 1d compressive strength of the cementing material by more than 20 percent (improve the 28d compressive strength by more than 10 percent) relative to the portland cement, the mass ratio of the portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is (40-80): (20 to 60) (e.g., 40, 80.
In one preferred embodiment of the application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the present invention, in order to improve the 1d compressive strength of the cement material by more than 21% (28 d compressive strength is improved by more than 14%), the mass ratio of the portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is (40-60) - (40-60) (e.g. 60.
In one preferred embodiment of the application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the invention, in order to improve the 1d compressive strength of a cementing material by more than 43 percent (improve the 28d compressive strength by more than 19 percent) relative to the Portland cement, the mass ratio of the Portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is 60.
In one preferred embodiment of the application of the composite early strength mineral admixture, the raw materials for preparing the concrete comprise a water reducing agent and sand besides the cementing material, wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the sand is natural sand or sand in region 1 or region 2 of machine-made sand which meets the regulation in table 1 of national standard GB/T14684-2011 construction sand.
The composite early strength mineral admixture of the present invention, and the preparation method and application thereof are described in detail by the following specific examples.
In the following examples:
the fly ash is dry discharged ash of a power plant;
the mineral powder is slag powder above S95 level in the national standard GB/T18046-2017 granulated blast furnace slag powder for cement, mortar and concrete;
the fluorgypsum is a by-product of preparing hydrogen fluoride from sulfuric acid and fluorspar, and has a specific surface area of not less than 300m 2 /kg；
The calcium formate is commercial industrial grade calcium formate, is solid powder, and has the content of 98 percent or more;
the aluminum sulfate is qualified product aluminum sulfate solid powder particles which meet II type in chemical industry standard industrial aluminum sulfate HG/T2225-2010;
the used sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate solid powder particles in Table 1 which meet chemical industry standard cosmetic sodium sulfate HG/T4535-2013;
the used sodium carbonate is industrial sodium carbonate meeting the requirements of III-type qualified products in the national standard 'industrial sodium carbonate' GB 210-1992;
the used slaked lime powder is slaked lime powder meeting the first-class and/or qualified product requirements of calcareous slaked lime powder in JC/T481-92 of building material industry standard;
the adopted water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent;
the adopted sand is the sand in region 1 of natural sand which meets the regulation in the national standard GB/T14684-2011 'construction sand' table 1.
Example 1
The composite early strength mineral admixture in the embodiment comprises: 4000g of fly ash, 3500g of mineral powder, 1000g of fluorgypsum and 1500g of composite additive; wherein the compound additive comprises 2500g of calcium formate, 2500g of aluminum sulfate, 1500g of sodium carbonate and 2000g of hydrated lime.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
in the step (S1) of the method,adding 2500g of calcium formate, 2500g of aluminum sulfate, 1500g of sodium carbonate and 2000g of hydrated lime into a mixer, and uniformly mixing until the specific surface area reaches 350m 2 The raw materials are subjected to detection according to national standard GB 8076-2008 to obtain the composite additive after the detection is qualified;
and S2, adding 4000g of fly ash, 3500g of mineral powder, 1000g of fluorgypsum and 1500g of composite additive into a stirrer, stirring uniformly, detecting according to the building industry standard JG/T486-2015' composite admixture for concrete, and obtaining the composite early-strength mineral admixture after the detection is qualified.
The application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is as follows:
taking portland cement as a cementing material 1; portland cement was mixed with the composite early strength mineral admixture of this example in different proportions to produce cement 2 (cement 2 comprising 80wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 20 wt%), cement 3 (cement 3 comprising 60wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 40 wt%), cement 4 (cement 4 comprising 40wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 60 wt%) and cement 5 (cement 5 comprising 20wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 180 wt%).
The above-mentioned cement 1, cement 2, cement 3, cement 4 and cement 5 were used for the preparation of concrete, respectively: the concrete is prepared by mixing the cementing material 1, the cementing material 2, the cementing material 3, the cementing material 4 and the cementing material 5 with a water reducing agent (the dosage is 1wt% of the cementing material), the sand rate is 40% (the sand rate = sand/(sand + gravel), the dosages of the sand and the gravel are calculated by mass) and water (the water-cement ratio is 0.4, the water-cement ratio = water/(cement + composite early strength mineral admixture), and the dosages of the cement and the composite early strength mineral admixture are calculated by mass), respectively, the concrete numbers are 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 and 1-5 are prepared, the compressive strength of the prepared concrete is detected (tested according to the standard GB/T7897-2008), and the detection results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of the composite early strength mineral admixtures of the present invention on the compressive strength of concrete
As can be seen from Table 1, as the mass proportion of the composite early strength mineral admixture increases, the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete tend to increase first and then decrease, wherein when the mass proportion of the composite early strength mineral admixture is between 20% and 60%, the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength are both better, wherein the improvement range of the 1d compressive strength is between 20% and 50%, and the improvement range of the 28d compressive strength is between 10% and 30%.
Example 2
The difference from the embodiment 1 lies in that the raw material components of the composite early strength mineral admixture are different, and specifically: comprises 3000g of fly ash, 4000g of mineral powder, 1500g of fluorgypsum and 1500g of composite additive; wherein the composite additive comprises 2000g of calcium formate, 3000g of aluminum sulfate, 1000g of sodium carbonate and 3000g of hydrated lime.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
The application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is as follows: taking portland cement as a cementing material 1; portland cement was mixed with the composite early strength mineral admixture of this example in different proportions to produce cement 2 (cement 2 comprising 80wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 20 wt%), cement 3 (cement 3 comprising 60wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 40 wt%), cement 4 (cement 4 comprising 40wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 60 wt%) and cement 5 (cement 5 comprising 20wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 180 wt%).
The above-mentioned cement 1, cement 2, cement 3, cement 4 and cement 5 were used for the preparation of concrete, respectively: the concrete numbers of 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5 are respectively prepared by mixing the cementing material 1, the cementing material 2, the cementing material 3, the cementing material 4 and the cementing material 5 with a water reducing agent (the dosage is 1wt% of the cementing material), a sand rate of 40% and water (the water-to-cement ratio is 0.4), the compression strength of the prepared concrete is detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of the composite early strength mineral admixtures of the present invention on the compressive strength of concrete
The dosage of each component of the composite early strength mineral admixture is changed within the range of the admixture, and the influence of different admixture on the compressive strength is detected. As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the compressive strength of 1d and 28d increases and then decreases with the increase of the amount of the composite early strength mineral admixture, wherein the increase of the compressive strength of each age is the largest at 40%, and the increase of the compressive strength of each age is smaller but larger at more than 80%.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 lies in that the raw material components of the composite early strength mineral admixture are different, specifically, the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises: 5000g of fly ash, 3000g of mineral powder, 1000g of fluorgypsum and 1000g of composite additive; wherein the composite additive comprises 3000g of calcium formate, 2000g of aluminum sulfate, 1000g of sodium sulfate, 2000g of sodium carbonate and 2000g of hydrated lime.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
The application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is as follows: taking portland cement as a cementing material 1; portland cement was mixed with the composite early strength mineral admixture of this example in different proportions to produce cement 2 (cement 2 comprising 80wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 20 wt%), cement 3 (cement 3 comprising 60wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 40 wt%), cement 4 (cement 4 comprising 40wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 60 wt%) and cement 5 (cement 5 comprising 20wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 180 wt%).
The above-mentioned cement 1, cement 2, cement 3, cement 4 and cement 5 were used for the preparation of concrete, respectively: the concrete numbers 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4 and 3-5 are respectively prepared by mixing the gelled material 1, the gelled material 2, the gelled material 3, the gelled material 4 and the gelled material 5 with a water reducing agent (the dosage is 1wt% of the gelled material), sand 40% and water (the water-to-cement ratio is 0.4), the compression strength of the prepared concrete is detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the present invention on the compressive strength of concrete
The dosage of each component of the composite early strength mineral admixture is changed within the range of the admixture, and the influence of different admixture on the compressive strength is detected. As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the compressive strength of 1d and 28d increases and then decreases with the increase of the amount of the composite early strength mineral admixture, wherein the increase of the compressive strength of each age is the largest at 40%, and the increase of the compressive strength of each age is smaller but larger at more than 80%.
Example 4
The difference from the embodiment 1 lies in that the raw material components of the composite early strength mineral admixture are different, specifically, the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises: 3500g of coal ash, 3500g of mineral powder, 1500g of fluorgypsum and 1500g of composite additive; wherein the composite additive comprises 2000g of calcium formate, 3000g of aluminum sulfate, 1000g of sodium sulfate, 2000g of sodium carbonate and 2000g of hydrated lime.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
The application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is as follows: taking portland cement as a cementing material 1; portland cement was mixed with the composite early strength mineral admixture of this example in different proportions to produce cement 2 (cement 2 comprising 80wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 20 wt%), cement 3 (cement 3 comprising 60wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 40 wt%), cement 4 (cement 4 comprising 40wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 60 wt%) and cement 5 (cement 5 comprising 20wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 180 wt%).
The above-mentioned cement 1, cement 2, cement 3, cement 4 and cement 5 were used for the preparation of concrete, respectively: the concrete numbers of 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 and 4-5 are respectively prepared by mixing the cementing material 1, the cementing material 2, the cementing material 3, the cementing material 4 and the cementing material 5 with a water reducing agent (the dosage is 1wt% of the cementing material), sand 40% and water (the water-to-cement ratio is 0.4), the compression strength of the prepared concrete is detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of the composite early strength mineral admixtures of the present invention on the compressive strength of concrete
As can be seen from Table 4, as the mass percentage of the composite early strength mineral admixture increases, the compressive strength of 1d and 28d increases and then decreases, wherein the mixing amount is preferably between 20% and 60%.
Example 5
The composite early strength mineral admixture in this example comprises: 3000g of fly ash, 3500g of mineral powder, 1500g of fluorgypsum and 2000g of composite additive; wherein the compound additive comprises 2500g of calcium formate, 2500g of aluminum sulfate, 1500g of sodium carbonate and 2000g of hydrated lime.
The preparation method of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The application of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the embodiment is as follows: taking portland cement as a cementing material 1; portland cement was mixed with the composite early strength mineral admixture of this example in different proportions to produce cement 2 (cement 2 comprising 80wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 20 wt%), cement 3 (cement 3 comprising 60wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 40 wt%), cement 4 (cement 4 comprising 40wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 1 60 wt%) and cement 5 (cement 5 comprising 20wt% silicate cement and composite early strength mineral admixture of example 180 wt%).
The above-mentioned cement 1, cement 2, cement 3, cement 4 and cement 5 were used for the preparation of concrete, respectively: the concrete numbers of 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4 and 5-5 are respectively prepared by mixing the gelled material 1, the gelled material 2, the gelled material 3, the gelled material 4 and the gelled material 5 with a water reducing agent (the dosage is 1wt% of the gelled material), sand 40% and water (the water-to-cement ratio is 0.4), the compression strength of the prepared concrete is detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table 5:
TABLE 5 Effect of the composite early strength mineral admixture of the present invention on the compressive strength of concrete
Similarly, the dosage of each component of the composite early strength mineral admixture is changed within the blending amount range, and the influence of different blending amounts on the compressive strength is detected. As can be seen from Table 5, the cement concretes 1d and 28d each have a different increase in compressive strength, particularly between 20% and 60%, in the mass range between 20% and 80% in place of portland cement.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the mineral admixture does not include the composite admixture, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted. The results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 Effect of mineral admixtures not incorporating the Complex Admixture on the compressive Strength of concrete
As can be seen from Table 6, when the complex admixture is not included in the mineral admixture, the compressive strengths of 1d and 28d gradually decrease with the increase of the mineral admixture, and the larger the amount of the complex admixture, the larger the magnitude of the decrease.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the mixing amounts of other components of the fixed mineral admixture are changed, namely the mixing amounts of 4000g of fixed fly ash, 3500g of mineral powder and 1000g of fluorgypsum are changed, and the mixing amounts of the composite admixture are respectively 0g,500g,1000g,1500g,2000g and 3000g (the mixture ratio of all raw materials in the composite admixture is the same as that in example 1), and the rest is the same as that in example 1, and is not repeated. The results are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 influence of the amount of the composite admixture on the compressive strength of concrete
As can be seen from Table 7, the compressive strengths of 1d and 28d increased gradually with increasing incorporation of the composite admixture, wherein the maximum compressive strength of the composite admixture for 1d was 2000g; the maximum mixing amount of the composite admixture is 1500g for the compressive strength of 28 d.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the mineral admixture is prepared when the composite admixture does not contain calcium formate, aluminum sulfate, sodium carbonate and hydrated lime respectively, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1 and is not repeated. The results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 influence of the composition of the Compound Admixture on the compressive Strength of concrete
As can be seen from the data in Table 8, when the admixture composition does not contain a specific component, the compressive strengths of 1d and 28d, although they are increased significantly, are decreased to different degrees when they are contained relatively. The components in the composite additive can improve the compressive strength under the synergistic effect.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the fluorgypsum has different surface areas, i.e. the specific surface areas are respectively 200m 2 /kg、300m 2 /kg、380m 2 /kg、450m 2 Impact of fluorgypsum on compressive strength at/kg.
The rest is the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not described again.
TABLE 9 influence of the specific surface area of fluorgypsum on the compressive strength of concrete
As can be seen from the data in Table 9, the compressive strengths of the concretes 1d and 28d gradually increased with the increase of the specific surface area of the fluorogypsum, wherein the specific surface area was 200m 2 At/kg, the compressive strength of 1d and 28d is increased, but the increase is relatively small; when the specific surface area of the fluorgypsum is more than 380m 2 Kg, the increasing range of the compressive strength of 1d and 28d is gradually reduced when the increasing range is continued.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The composite early strength mineral admixture is characterized by consisting of fly ash, mineral powder, fluorgypsum and a composite additive;
the composite early strength mineral admixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fly ash: mineral powder: fluorine gypsum: compound admixture = (30 to 50): (30 to 50): (10 to 20): (10 to 20);
wherein the composite admixture consists of 20 to 30 parts by weight of calcium formate, 20 to 30 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 20 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 20 to 30 parts by weight of hydrated lime;
the fluorgypsum is a by-product of preparing hydrogen fluoride from sulfuric acid and fluorspar, and the specific surface area is not less than 300m 2 /kg；
The fly ash is dry discharged ash of a power plant;
the mineral powder is mineral powder with the grade of S95 or above.
2. The complex early strength mineral admixture according to claim 1 wherein the calcium formate is commercially available technical grade calcium formate in solid powder form at a level of 98% or more.
3. The composite early strength mineral admixture of claim 1 wherein the aluminum sulfate is solid powder particles of class I or class II aluminum sulfate in chemical industry standard "industrial aluminum sulfate" HG/T2225-2010.
4. The composite early strength mineral admixture according to claim 1, wherein said sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate solid powder particles in table 1 of chemical industry standard cosmetic sodium sulfate HG/T4535-2013.
5. The method for preparing the composite early strength mineral admixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing calcium formate, aluminum sulfate, sodium carbonate and hydrated lime according to a ratio to obtain a composite additive;
and S2, uniformly mixing the fly ash, the mineral powder, the fluorgypsum and the composite additive according to a ratio to obtain the composite early-strength mineral admixture.
6. Use of the composite early strength mineral admixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 in concrete.
7. The use of the composite early strength mineral admixture in concrete according to claim 6, wherein the concrete comprises portland cement and the composite early strength mineral admixture, and the mass ratio of the portland cement to the composite early strength mineral admixture is (20 to 80): (20 to 80).
8. The use in concrete of a composite early strength mineral admixture as in claim 7 wherein said concrete further comprises a water reducing agent and sand.
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