CN113734126B

CN113734126B - Braking device and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN113734126B
Application number: CN202010473604.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊峰; 张鹏; 朱晓军; 郭海
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-29
Also published as: CN113734126A

Abstract

The invention discloses a braking device and a vehicle, which are used for braking a brake disc, wherein the braking device comprises: first friction disc, ball screw mechanism, drive unit and casing, ball screw mechanism includes lead screw and nut, the movably installation of lead screw is in the casing, the one end of lead screw is relative with first friction disc and can promotes first friction disc to make first friction disc and brake disc contact, inject the hydraulic pressure cavity between the other end of lead screw and the casing, be equipped with on the casing and import and export with the fluid of hydraulic pressure cavity intercommunication, the nut rotationally install in the casing and with the lead screw cooperation, drive unit links to each other and the drive nut rotates with the nut. The braking device has two braking functions, and the hydraulic cavity of the braking device is far away from the friction plate and the brake disc, so that the arrangement of a hydraulic pipeline is convenient.

Description

Braking device and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a braking device and a vehicle.

Background

Along with the development of the technology, the existing electromechanical brake system is more and more common, the electromechanical brake system is provided with the motors on the brakes of four wheels, and the brakes are directly braked through the motors. However, the electromechanical brake system in the current market is used as a set of brand-new brake system, has no other backup brake systems, and is low in reliability.

Chinese patent CN109606340 discloses an electromechanical braking system with hydraulic backup brake, which has a normal braking condition where the motors of the brakes are used to drive the brakes, and a backup braking condition where the motors are failed or failed, and performs braking through hydraulic backup. However, in the brake of this system, the hydraulic chamber is close to the friction plate and the brake disc, which makes it inconvenient to arrange the hydraulic line, and the axial dimension of the brake is too long, which makes it difficult to arrange the brake on the vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to provide a brake device having two braking functions, and a hydraulic chamber of the brake device is located away from a friction plate and a brake disc, thereby facilitating the arrangement of a hydraulic line.

The braking device of the present invention is for braking a brake disc, and includes: first friction disc, ball screw mechanism, drive unit and casing, ball screw mechanism includes lead screw and nut, the movably installation of lead screw is in the casing, the one end of lead screw is relative and can promote first friction disc with first friction disc to make first friction disc and brake disc contact, inject the hydraulic pressure cavity between the other end of lead screw and the casing, be equipped with on the casing and import and export with the fluid of hydraulic pressure cavity intercommunication, the nut rotationally installs in the casing and cooperates with the lead screw, drive unit links to each other and drives the nut and rotate, drive unit, nut, lead screw and first friction disc constitute the first brake unit who realizes first braking function, hydraulic pressure cavity, lead screw and first friction disc constitute the second braking unit who realizes second braking function.

Furthermore, the driving unit comprises a motor and a speed reducing mechanism, the input end of the speed reducing mechanism is connected with the motor, the output end of the speed reducing mechanism is connected with the nut, and the motor is located between the speed reducing mechanism and the brake disc in the axial direction of the screw rod.

Further, the speed reducing mechanism comprises a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the first gear is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft of the motor, the second gear is rotatably mounted on the shell, the third gear is fixedly mounted on the nut, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear is meshed with the third gear, and the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the screw rod.

Furthermore, the brake further comprises a second friction plate, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are respectively positioned on two sides of the brake disc.

Furthermore, one end of the screw rod is provided with a disc part matched with the shape of the shell, and a hydraulic cavity is defined between the disc part and the shell.

Further, a first sealing ring is arranged between the shell and the disc part, and the cross section of the first sealing ring is trapezoidal.

Further, still including movably installing the piston in the casing, the piston is located between first friction disc and the lead screw, piston and lead screw fixed connection, be equipped with the second sealing washer between casing and the piston, the cross-section of second sealing washer is trapezoidal.

Further, the nut includes free portion, shaft shoulder portion and installation department, shaft shoulder portion is located between free portion and the installation department, be equipped with a plurality of radially outwards stretching out's of a plurality of archs on the installation department, a plurality of protruding circumference arrangement along the installation department, be equipped with the mounting hole with the installation department adaptation on the third gear, be equipped with on the mounting hole lateral wall a plurality of with the recess of protruding adaptation, the third gear passes through the mounting hole and installs on the nut with the cooperation of installation department, a plurality of archs are gone into respectively in a plurality of recesses.

Further, the braking device further comprises a bearing installed between the installation part and the shell, the shaft shoulder part is located on the left side of the third gear, and the bearing is located on the right side of the third gear.

The invention also provides a vehicle comprising the braking device.

Has the advantages that: in the braking device, the driving unit, the nut, the screw rod and the first friction plate form a first braking unit for realizing a first braking function, and the hydraulic chamber, the screw rod and the first friction plate form a second braking unit for realizing a second braking function, namely the braking device has two braking functions. In addition, the hydraulic chamber is formed by the end part of the screw rod, which is far away from the friction plate, and the shell together, so that the hydraulic chamber is far away from the friction plate or the brake disc, and the arrangement of a hydraulic pipeline is convenient.

The vehicle can realize two braking functions, and the hydraulic chamber of the braking device is far away from the friction plate and the brake disc, so that the hydraulic pipeline is convenient to arrange.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a braking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a third gear in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one orientation of a nut in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another orientation of a nut in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

A brake apparatus 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6, the brake apparatus 1000 is used for braking a brake disc 10, and generally, the brake apparatus 1000 is used in cooperation with the brake disc 10, and the brake apparatus 1000 performs braking of a vehicle by braking the brake disc 10.

The braking device 1000 includes: first friction disc 11, ball screw mechanism, drive unit and casing 12, ball screw mechanism includes lead screw 13 and nut 14, the movably installation of lead screw 13 is in casing 12, the one end of lead screw 13 is relative with first friction disc 11 and can promote first friction disc 11 to make first friction disc 11 and brake disc 10 contact, inject hydraulic pressure chamber 15 between the other end of lead screw 13 and the casing 12, be equipped with the fluid import and export 16 with hydraulic pressure chamber 15 intercommunication on the casing 12, nut 14 rotationally installs in casing 12 and cooperates with lead screw 13, drive unit links to each other with nut 14 and drives nut 14 and rotate, drive unit, nut 14 and lead screw 13 constitute the first brake unit who realizes first brake function, hydraulic pressure chamber 15 and lead screw 13 constitute the second brake unit who realizes the second brake function.

The braking device 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention can realize the first braking function and the second braking function. When the first braking function is realized, the driving unit drives the nut 14 to rotate, the nut 14 drives the screw rod 13 to move, the screw rod 13 drives the first friction plate 11, and the first friction plate 11 is in contact with the brake disc 10 and generates braking force to realize braking. When the second braking function is realized, brake fluid is introduced into the hydraulic chamber 15, the brake fluid pushes the screw rod 13 to move, the screw rod 13 drives the first friction plate 11, and the first friction plate 11 is in contact with the brake disc 10 and generates braking force, so that braking is realized. The first braking function may be as a conventional braking function and the second braking function may be as a backup braking function, or the first braking function may be as a backup braking function and the second braking function may be as a conventional braking function.

Besides the screw 13 and the nut 14, the ball screw mechanism further includes a plurality of balls disposed between the screw 13 and the nut 14, and the specific structure and installation manner refer to the prior art and are not described herein again.

In one embodiment, the driving unit includes a motor 17 and a speed reducing mechanism, an input end of the speed reducing mechanism is connected with the motor 17, an output end of the speed reducing mechanism is connected with the nut 14, the motor 17 is located between the speed reducing mechanism and the brake disc 10 in the axial direction of the screw rod 13, and the motor 17 is installed on the shell 12. That is, the motor 17 is disposed side by side with the lead screw 13, so that the axial size of the brake apparatus 1000 can be reduced, and the arrangement of the brake apparatus 1000 on the vehicle can be facilitated. Specifically, the speed reducing mechanism includes a first gear 18, a second gear 19 and a third gear 20, the first gear 18 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the motor 17, the second gear 19 is rotatably mounted on the housing 12, the third gear 20 is fixedly mounted on the nut 14, the first gear 18 is meshed with the second gear 19, the second gear 19 is meshed with the third gear 20, and the first gear 18, the second gear 19 and the third gear 20 are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the lead screw 13, that is, when viewed from the radial direction of the lead screw 13, the first gear 18, the second gear 19 and the third gear 20 are overlapped with each other, so that the axial size of the brake device 1000 can be further reduced.

In one embodiment, the brake apparatus 1000 further includes a second friction plate 21, and the first friction plate 11 and the second friction plate 21 are respectively located on both sides of the brake disk 10. In this embodiment, the housing 12 itself is movable, for example movably mounted on the vehicle body, and the second friction plate 21 is mounted on the housing 12, so that during braking, the two friction plates grip the brake disc 10 and effect braking. The specific structure and installation method can refer to the prior art, and are not described herein again.

In one embodiment, one end of the screw 13 is provided with a disc portion 131 matched with the shape of the housing 12, and the disc portion 131 and the housing 12 define a hydraulic chamber 15 therebetween. Specifically, in order to further enhance the sealing performance between the disc portion 131 and the housing 12, a first seal ring 22 is provided between the housing 12 and the disc portion 131, and the first seal ring 22 has a right-angled trapezoidal cross section, specifically, as shown in fig. 5. The first seal ring 22 does not have a function of enhancing the sealing performance, and can generate a return force to the screw 13, so that the screw 13 can be quickly returned after the brake is released.

In one embodiment, the brake apparatus 1000 further comprises a piston 23 movably mounted in the housing 12, the piston 23 being located between the first friction plate 11 and the lead screw 13, the piston 23 being fixedly connected to the lead screw 13. In addition, a second sealing ring 24 is arranged between the housing 12 and the piston 23, and the section of the second sealing ring 24 is a right trapezoid, which is similar to the first sealing ring 22 in the specific installation manner. The second seal ring 24 does not only enhance the sealing performance, but also generates a restoring force to the piston 23, and restores the piston 23 as quickly as possible after the braking is released.

In one embodiment, the nut 14 includes a hanging portion 141, a shaft shoulder 142 and a mounting portion 143, the shaft shoulder 142 is located between the hanging portion 141 and the mounting portion 143, the mounting portion 143 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 144 extending outward in a radial direction, the plurality of protrusions 144 are arranged along a circumferential direction of the mounting portion 143, the nut 14 is provided with a threaded hole 145 adapted to the lead screw 13, and the threaded hole 145 penetrates through the hanging portion 141, the shaft shoulder 142 and the mounting portion 143. Be equipped with on third gear 20 with the mounting hole 201 of installation department 143 adaptation, be equipped with on the mounting hole 201 lateral wall a plurality of with the recess 202 of protruding 144 adaptation, third gear 20 passes through mounting hole 201 and installs on nut 14, a plurality of recesses 202 are gone into respectively to a plurality of protruding 144 cards. Specifically, the number of the protrusions 144 is three, the three protrusions 144 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting portion 143, and the number of the grooves 202 is also three.

In one embodiment, the brake assembly 1000 further includes a bearing 25 mounted between the mounting portion 143 and the housing 12, i.e., the nut 14 is rotatably mounted to the housing 12 via the bearing 25. The shaft shoulder 142 is located on the left side of the third gear 20, the bearing 25 is located on the right side of the third gear 20, specifically, the outer ring of the bearing 25 is engaged with the housing 12, and the inner ring of the bearing 25 is engaged with the mounting portion 143.

A vehicle 10000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the brake device 1000 described above.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention. In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "disposed," and the like are used broadly and can refer to either a direct mounting, connecting, or disposing, or an indirect mounting, connecting, or disposing. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A braking device for braking a brake disc, characterized in that it comprises: the brake system comprises a first friction plate, a ball screw mechanism, a driving unit and a shell, wherein the ball screw mechanism comprises a screw rod and a nut, the screw rod is movably arranged in the shell, one end of the screw rod is opposite to the first friction plate and can push the first friction plate so as to enable the first friction plate to be contacted with a brake disc, a hydraulic cavity is defined between the other end of the screw rod and the shell, an oil inlet and an oil outlet communicated with the hydraulic cavity are formed in the shell, the nut is rotatably arranged in the shell and matched with the screw rod, the driving unit is connected with the nut and drives the nut to rotate, and the driving unit, the nut, the screw rod and the first friction plate form a first brake unit for realizing a first brake function;

the brake device further comprises a second friction plate, the second friction plate is arranged on the shell, the first friction plate and the second friction plate are respectively located on two sides of the brake disc, the shell is movable, and the hydraulic chamber, the screw rod, the first friction plate, the shell and the second friction plate form a second brake unit for achieving a second brake function.

2. The brake apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit includes a motor and a reduction mechanism, an input end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the motor, an output end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the nut, and the motor is located between the reduction mechanism and the brake disc in an axial direction of the lead screw.

3. The brake apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the speed reducing mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear, the first gear is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft of the motor, the second gear is rotatably mounted on the housing, the third gear is fixedly mounted on the nut, the first gear is engaged with the second gear, the second gear is engaged with the third gear, and the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear are arranged from outside to inside in a radial direction of the screw rod.

4. The brake apparatus of claim 1, wherein one end of the lead screw is provided with a disc portion having a shape adapted to the housing, the disc portion and the housing defining a hydraulic chamber therebetween.

5. A brake apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a first seal is provided between the housing and the disc portion, the first seal having a trapezoidal cross-section.

6. The brake apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a piston movably mounted in the housing, the piston being positioned between the first friction plate and the lead screw, the piston being fixedly connected to the lead screw, and a second seal being disposed between the housing and the piston, the second seal having a trapezoidal cross-section.

7. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the nut includes a hanging portion, a shoulder portion and an installation portion, the shoulder portion is located between the hanging portion and the installation portion, a plurality of protrusions extending outward in the radial direction are arranged on the installation portion, the plurality of protrusions are arranged along the circumferential direction of the installation portion, an installation hole matched with the installation portion is formed in the third gear, a plurality of grooves matched with the protrusions are formed in the side wall of the installation hole, the third gear is installed on the nut through the matching of the installation hole and the installation portion, and the plurality of protrusions are clamped into the plurality of grooves respectively.

8. The brake apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a bearing mounted between the mounting portion and the housing, the shaft shoulder being located to the left of the third gear and the bearing being located to the right of the third gear.

9. A vehicle, characterized by comprising a braking device according to any one of claims 1-8.