CN113733894B - Two keep off variable speed electric wheel - Google Patents
Two keep off variable speed electric wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113733894B CN113733894B CN202111193467.9A CN202111193467A CN113733894B CN 113733894 B CN113733894 B CN 113733894B CN 202111193467 A CN202111193467 A CN 202111193467A CN 113733894 B CN113733894 B CN 113733894B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
Abstract
The application provides a two keep off variable speed electronic round, including driving motor, two keep off variable speed mechanism, a housing, rim and main shaft, casing parcel driving motor and two keep off variable speed mechanism, two keep off variable speed mechanism includes planetary gear assembly, first sheet type stopper and second sheet type stopper, form the first oil circuit that leads to first sheet type stopper in the casing, be equipped with the second oil circuit that leads to second sheet type stopper in the main shaft, driving motor's rotor is connected with planetary gear assembly's power input end transmission, rim and planetary gear assembly's power take off end transmission connection, the planetary gear assembly is operated with first mode to the second stopper that starts and the second brake that closes, the second sheet type stopper that starts and the first stopper that closes make planetary gear assembly work with the second mode. The electric wheel is favorable for improving the power performance of the whole vehicle, and heat dissipation of a driving system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electric automobile driving, and particularly provides a two-gear speed-change electric wheel.
Background
The automobile emission and the energy consumption have become worldwide problems, so that a pure electric automobile and a hybrid electric automobile with low emission and low energy consumption become one of the main flows of the current automobile industry development, and an electric automobile driven by an electric wheel has the characteristics of simple structure, short transmission chain and high transmission efficiency, is flexibly installed on the automobile, can effectively improve the utilization rate of the automobile body space, greatly improves the performance of the traditional electric automobile driven by a central motor, and becomes the direction of the electric automobile with the most development potential.
At present, an electric wheel for an automobile is provided with two modes of direct motor driving or motor driving through a fixed reduction ratio device, the direct driving of the electric wheel requires that the torque output by the driving motor in a constant torque stage is increased, and the required power is high in high-speed running, so that the direct driving can increase the power requirement on the driving motor, increase the volume of the driving motor and further increase the manufacturing cost of the driving motor; the electric wheel driven by the fixed reduction ratio device cannot well utilize the high-efficiency area of the driving motor, the flexibility is poor, and if the driving motor works in the low-efficiency area for a long time, the service efficiency of a battery can be reduced, so that the whole vehicle use economy of the pure electric vehicle is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem among the prior art, this application provides a two keep off variable speed electric wheel, including driving motor, two keep off variable speed mechanism, casing, rim and main shaft, the casing parcel driving motor with two keep off variable speed mechanism, two keep off variable speed mechanism includes planetary gear assembly, first sheet brake and second sheet brake, form in the casing and lead to first sheet brake's first oil circuit to make first sheet brake work, be equipped with in the main shaft and lead to second sheet brake's second oil circuit, so that second sheet brake work, planetary gear assembly is equipped with power input end and power take off end, power input end with driving motor's rotor transmission is connected, power take off end with rim transmission is connected, so that driving motor's power is passed to the rim and is driven the electric wheel rotation, and the first sheet brake of start and the second brake of closing make planetary gear assembly work with first sheet brake, realize to electric wheel's first sheet brake and second sheet brake, realize to the power transmission to electric wheel's first sheet brake, the power transmission to the second brake realizes to the planetary gear assembly.
Optionally, the electric wheel further comprises a disc brake, the disc brake comprises a caliper body and a brake disc, the brake disc is respectively connected with the power output end and the rim, so that the power output end is in transmission connection with the rim through the brake disc, and the caliper body is fixed to the shell for locking the brake disc.
Optionally, a third oil path leading to the clamp body is formed in the shell so as to drive the clamp body to work.
Optionally, the first oil path and the third oil path are distributed in a central symmetry manner with respect to the spindle.
Optionally, the planetary gear assembly includes first sun gear, second sun gear, short planetary gear, long planetary gear, planet carrier and ring gear, first sun gear, second sun gear, planet carrier and ring gear are around the main shaft rotates, the power input end sets up on the first sun gear, the power output end sets up on the ring gear, short planetary gear with the pivot of long planetary gear is all fixed in the planet carrier, short planetary gear sets up first sun gear with long planetary gear is between, long planetary gear sets up second sun gear with the ring gear is between.
Optionally, the first sheet brake is connected with the housing and the planet carrier respectively, the started first sheet brake brakes the planet carrier, the second sheet brake is connected with the housing and the planet carrier respectively, and the started second sheet brake brakes the second sun gear.
Optionally, the rotor of the driving motor and the power input end are integrally formed.
Optionally, the housing comprises a motor housing and a transmission housing, and the motor housing and the transmission housing are fixedly connected.
Optionally, a first bearing is arranged between the main shaft and the rotor, and a second bearing is arranged between the main shaft and the planetary gear assembly.
Optionally, the driving motor is an inner rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the two-gear speed-changing electric wheel disclosed by the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. through setting up two speed change system in the electric wheel for the electric wheel can be according to the different gear of actual running operating mode selection and provide the drive power, has increased driving motor speed governing and the variation range of moment, helps improving the acceleration capacity and the climbing ability of car, increases the dynamic performance of whole car, simultaneously, makes driving motor increase at the chance of high efficiency interval work, has reduced the electric energy consumption of electric wheel car, makes the range increase of whole car, improves the economic performance of whole car. And moreover, the driving motor and the two-gear speed change mechanism are integrated in the shell, so that the structure is compact, the space utilization in the electric wheel is optimized, and the axial size and the whole volume of the electric wheel are reduced. In addition, through the mode of two sheet type brakes control planetary gear assembly, can realize driving motor's power two keep off the transformation, and the process of shifting is unpowered to be interrupted, help improving the power performance and the travelling comfort of driving of car, moreover, through setting up the braking oil circuit of two sheet type brakes respectively in the casing and in the main shaft, an oil circuit is located the outside of whole actuating system, another oil circuit is located actuating system's inside, two oil circuits can play comparatively even heat dissipation function to electric wheel's actuating system, improve electric wheel's safety in utilization.
2. Through setting up disc brake to be connected respectively brake disc and power take off end and rim, make power take off end pass through brake disc and rim transmission and be connected, make the braking disc of pincers system just can stop the power transmission to the rim, thereby can realize the parking braking function of electronic round on the basis of function of shifting, promoted the comprehensive functions of electronic round, improved the suitability of electronic round.
Further, the third oil path of the disc brake is arranged in the shell, so that the heat dissipation function can be achieved together with the oil paths of the two disc brakes, and the heat dissipation effect is improved. And on one hand, the third oil way and the first oil way are symmetrically distributed about the center of the main shaft, so that the position distribution of the three oil ways is reasonable, the mechanism is optimized, the shell is also convenient to manufacture, and on the other hand, the uniformity of heat dissipation is also improved.
Drawings
Some embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a motorized wheel according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the electric wheel according to the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a main shaft portion in the first embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a housing; 11. a motor housing; 12. a transmission housing; 2. a driving motor; 21. a stator; 22. a permanent magnet; 23. a rotor; 3. a two-speed transmission mechanism; 31. a planetary gear assembly; 311. a first sun gear; 312. a second sun gear; 313. a short planetary gear; 314. a planet carrier; 315. a long planetary gear; 316. a gear ring; 32. a first sheet brake; 321. a first steel sheet; 322. a first friction plate; 323. a first piston; 324. a first return spring; 33. a second sheet type brake; 331. a second steel sheet; 332. a second friction plate; 333. a second piston; 334. a second return spring; 4. a disc brake; 41. a clamp body; 42. a brake disc; 5. a main shaft; 6. a rim; 71. a first oil passage; 72. a second oil path; 73. a third oil passage; 81. a first bearing; 82. a second bearing; 83. and a third bearing.
Detailed Description
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments of the present application, and the part of the embodiments are intended to explain the technical principles of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided herein, are still within the scope of protection of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directional or positional relationships, and are based on the directional or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be communicated with the inside of two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those skilled in the art as the case may be.
The utility model provides a two keep off variable speed motor wheel, including driving motor, two keep off variable speed mechanism, a housing, rim and main shaft, casing parcel driving motor and two keep off variable speed mechanism, two keep off variable speed mechanism includes planetary gear assembly, first sheet brake and second sheet brake, form the first oil circuit that leads to first sheet brake in the casing, so that first sheet brake works, be equipped with the second oil circuit that leads to second sheet brake in the main shaft, so that second sheet brake works, planetary gear assembly is equipped with the power input end and with the power take off end, the power input end is connected with driving motor's rotor transmission, the power take off end is connected with the rim transmission, in order to drive driving motor's power transmission to the rim through planetary gear assembly, the first sheet brake of start makes planetary gear assembly work with first mode, realize the first power transmission to the electric wheel, the second sheet brake of start and the first brake of close make planetary gear assembly work with second mode, realize the second power transmission to the electric wheel.
According to the electric vehicle speed regulation device, the two-gear speed change system is arranged inside the electric wheel, so that the electric wheel can provide driving force according to different gears selected by actual driving conditions, the speed regulation range and the torque change range of the driving motor are increased, the acceleration capacity and the climbing capacity of the vehicle are improved, the power performance of the whole vehicle is improved, meanwhile, the opportunity of the driving motor working in a high-efficiency interval is increased, the electric energy consumption of the electric vehicle is reduced, the driving range of the whole vehicle is increased, and the economical performance of the whole vehicle is improved. And moreover, the driving motor and the two-gear speed change mechanism are integrated in the shell, so that the structure is compact, the space utilization in the electric wheel is optimized, and the axial size and the whole volume of the electric wheel are reduced. In addition, through the rotation mode of two piece formula stopper control planetary gear assembly, can realize driving motor's power two keep off the transformation, and the unpowered interruption of shift process, help improving the power performance and the travelling comfort of driving of car, moreover, through setting up the braking oil circuit of two piece formula brakes respectively in the casing and in the main shaft, an oil circuit is located the outside of whole actuating system, another oil circuit is located actuating system's inside, two oil circuits can play comparatively even heat dissipation function to electric wheel's actuating system.
The following describes a specific structure of the two-speed transmission electric wheel of the present application with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
First embodiment of the present application:
as shown in fig. 1, the electric wheel of the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a drive motor 2, a two-speed transmission mechanism 3, a disc brake 4, a spindle 5, and a rim 6. The driving motor 2 is used for providing a power source, the driving motor 2 is in transmission connection with the two-gear speed change mechanism 3, the two-gear speed change mechanism 3 is in transmission connection with the disc brake 4, and the disc brake 4 is in transmission connection with the rim 6, so that the power of the driving motor 2 can be transmitted to the rim 6 through the two-gear speed change mechanism 3 and the disc brake 4 to drive the electric wheel to rotate. The two-gear speed change mechanism 3 has two working modes, so that the transmission ratio of the driving motor 2 to the rim 6 can be changed, and two-gear speed regulation is realized. The disc brake 4 can interrupt the transmission of power to the rim 6, thereby achieving braking of the entire electric wheel. The spindle 5 can play a role in positioning and supporting the driving structure in the whole electric wheel, all components of which are arranged around the spindle 5 as a whole. The casing 1 integrally encloses a drive motor 2, a two-speed transmission mechanism 3, a disc brake 4, and a spindle 5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the housing 1 includes a motor housing 11 and a transmission housing 12, and the split-type housing 1 facilitates installation of the drive motor 2 and the two-speed transmission mechanism 3 while the housing 1 is in a fixed state during rotation of the electric wheel. Specifically, the driving motor 2 is an inner rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, and comprises a stator 21, a permanent magnet 22 and a rotor 23, wherein the stator 21 is fixed on the motor housing 11, the permanent magnet 22 and the rotor 23 are fixed, a variable magnetic field is generated after the stator 21 is electrified, and the rotor 23 can be driven to rotate through the action between the magnetic field and the permanent magnet 22. The rotor 23 is connected to a power input end of the two-speed transmission mechanism 3 to transmit a rotational force to the two-speed transmission mechanism 3.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, further, the two-speed transmission mechanism 3 includes a planetary gear assembly 31, a first plate brake 32, and a second plate brake 33. The planetary gear assembly 31 adopts a ravigneaux type planetary gear, specifically, the planetary gear assembly 31 includes a first sun gear 311, a second sun gear 312, a short planetary gear 313, a planet carrier 314, a long planetary gear 315 and a gear ring 316, wherein the first sun gear 311, the second sun gear 312, the planet carrier 314 and the gear ring 316 rotate around the main shaft 5, and meanwhile, the first sun gear 311 and the rotor 23 are integrally formed, that is, the first sun gear 311 is a power input end of the two-gear speed change mechanism 3. The first sun gear 311 and the second sun gear 312 are axially arranged along the main shaft 5, the short planetary gear 313 is in meshed transmission connection with the first sun gear 311, one part of the long planetary gear 315 is in meshed transmission connection with the short planetary gear 313, the other part of the long planetary gear 315 is in meshed transmission connection with the second sun gear 312, the gear ring 316 is arranged at the outermost periphery and is in meshed transmission connection with the long planetary gear 315, and in addition, the rotating shafts of the short planetary gear 313 and the long planetary gear 315 are fixed on the planet carrier 314, and because the planet carrier 314 can coaxially rotate with the first sun gear 311, the short planetary gear 313 and the long planetary gear 315 have two transmission modes of rotation and revolution around the first sun gear 311. The gear ring 316 is in transmission connection with the rim 6 through the disc brake 4, namely, the gear ring 316 is a power output end of the two-gear speed change mechanism 3, and can transmit the rotation power of the driving motor 2 to the rim 6 through the disc brake 4, so that the driving wheel is driven to rotate. Then, by changing the manner of transmission of the planetary gear assembly 31, the transmission ratio between the power input and the power output can be changed, thereby achieving a shift between different gears.
It should be noted that, an adaptor may be provided between the first sun gear 311 and the rotor 23 to serve as a power input end of the two-speed transmission mechanism 3, and meanwhile, the first sun gear 311 and the rotor 23 may not be integrally formed, however, the integral formation of the first sun gear 311 and the rotor 23 is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing the axial dimension of the electric wheel. Likewise, an adapter may be provided between the ring gear 316 and the disc brake 4 as the power output end of the two-speed transmission mechanism 3.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first sheet brake 32 is fixedly connected with the transmission housing 12 and the carrier 314, respectively, wherein the first steel sheet 321 of the first sheet brake 32 is connected with the internal spline of the transmission housing 12 through the external spline, the internal spline of the first friction sheet 322 of the first sheet brake 32 is connected with the external spline of the carrier 314, the first oil path 71 is provided in the motor housing 11, and the first oil path 71 is led to the first sheet brake 32 to provide hydraulic oil to the first sheet brake 32 to push the first piston 323 to start the first sheet brake 32. When the first sheet brake 32 is closed, the first steel sheet 321 is separated from the first friction plate 322, the planet carrier 314 can rotate freely, the first sheet brake 32 is opened by supplying oil to the first sheet brake 32, that is, the first piston 323 is moved, then the first steel sheet 321 is tightly attached to the first friction plate 322, the planet carrier 314 is fixed by friction force so that the planet carrier cannot rotate, meanwhile, the first piston 323 stretches the first return spring 324, and when the oil pressure is removed, the first piston 323 is reset under the action of the first return spring 324, so that the first steel sheet 321 is separated from the first friction plate 322, and the planet carrier 314 can rotate freely. The second sheet brake 33 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 5 and the second sun gear 312 respectively, wherein a second steel sheet 331 of the second sheet brake 33 is connected with an external spline of the main shaft 5 through an internal spline, a second friction sheet 332 of the second sheet brake 33 is connected with an internal spline of the second sun gear 312 through an external spline, a second oil circuit 72 is arranged in the main shaft 5, and the second oil circuit 72 is led to the second sheet brake 33 so as to provide hydraulic oil for the second sheet brake 33 to push a second piston 333 to start the second sheet brake 33. When the second sheet brake 33 is closed, the second steel sheet 331 and the second friction sheet 332 are separated, the second sun gear 312 can rotate freely, the second sheet brake 33 is opened by supplying oil to the second sheet brake 33, that is, the second piston 333 is moved, then the second steel sheet 331 and the second friction sheet 332 are tightly attached, the second sun gear 312 is fixed by friction force so as not to rotate, meanwhile, the second piston 333 stretches the second return spring 334, and when the oil pressure is removed, the second piston 333 is reset under the action of the second return spring 334, so that the second steel sheet 331 and the second friction sheet 332 are separated, and the second sun gear 312 can rotate freely.
Let the rotation speed of the first sun gear 311 be n S1 The second sun gear 312 rotates at a speed n S2 The rotation speed of the gear ring 316 is n R The rotation speed of the planet carrier 314 is n PC The following describes a two-speed transmission system of the two-speed transmission mechanism 3.
First, the planetary row where the first sun gear 311 is located is a two-stage planetary row, and the motion characteristic equation is as follows:
n S1 -k 1 n R +(k 1 -1)n PC ＝0；
the planetary row where the second sun gear 312 is located is a single-stage planetary row, and the motion characteristic equation is as follows:
n S2 +k 2 n R -(1+k 2 )n PC ＝0；
wherein k is 1 Is the firstThe characteristic parameter of the planet row in which the sun gear 311 is located is Z R /Z S1 ，k 2 Is a characteristic parameter of the planet row in which the second sun gear 312 is located, and has a value Z R /Z S2 ，Z S1 、Z R 、Z S2 The numbers of teeth of the first sun gear 311, the ring gear 316, and the second sun gear 312 are respectively.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, when the first sheet brake 32 is activated and the second sheet brake 33 is closed, since the carrier 314 is locked by the first sheet brake 32, neither the short planetary gear 313 nor the long planetary gear 315 revolves around the first sun gear 311, and only the first sun gear 311 rotates the short planetary gear 313 and the long planetary gear 315 and then rotates the ring gear 316. That is, the power of the first sun gear 311 cannot be transmitted to the carrier 314, which is transmitted to the ring gear 316, and is transmitted from the ring gear 316 to the rim 6, driving the vehicle to move, achieving the forward first gear. According to the motion characteristic equation of the two-stage planetary gear, the transmission relationship between the first sun gear 311 and the ring gear 316 is: n is n S1 -k 1 n R =0, first gear ratio of k 1 。
With continued reference to fig. 2-4, when the first plate brake 32 is closed and the second plate brake 33 is activated, the planet carrier 314 may rotate at this time, that is, the short planetary gear 313 and the long planetary gear 315 rotate while revolving around the first sun gear 311, and then drive the ring gear 316 to rotate, but the second sun gear 312 is locked, so that it cannot rotate, and the rotational speed is 0. That is, the power of the first sun gear 311 is transmitted to the ring gear 316, and is transmitted from the ring gear 316 to the rim 6, driving the vehicle to move, and achieving the forward second gear. According to the motion characteristic equation of the two-stage planetary gear, the transmission relationship between the first sun gear 311 and the ring gear 316 is: n is n S1 -k 1 n R +(k 1 -1)n PC ＝0，k 2 n R -(1+k 2 )n PC =0, the second gear ratio is (k 1 +k 2 )/(1+k 2 )。
With continued reference to fig. 2 to 4, hydraulic oil is supplied to the first plate brake 32 through the first oil passage 71 and oil is supplied to the second plate brake 33 through the second oil passage 72, so that both the first plate brake 32 and the second plate brake 33 are operated, the carrier 314 is locked, and the second sun gear 312 is locked, so that the long pinion 315 cannot rotate or revolve, and power is not transmitted to the ring gear, thereby being in the parking range. The first and second plate brakes 32 and 33 are deactivated, and all members of the planetary gear assembly 31 are in a free active state and thus in neutral.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, by using a ravigneaux planetary gear assembly, the two speed transmission 3 provides a more rational ratio in first and second gears, enabling a better movement pattern for the electric wheel, in the face of the conventional size requirements of the electric wheel, since the rim of the vehicle has certain specifications.
As shown in fig. 2, the disc brake 4 includes a caliper 41 and a brake disc 42, the brake disc 42 is fixedly connected with the gear ring 316 and the rim 6 respectively, so that the rotating gear ring 316 can drive the brake disc 42 to rotate, thereby driving the rim 6 to rotate, specifically, the power of the driving motor 2 is transmitted to the brake disc 42 through the first sun gear 311 and the gear ring 316, and then transmitted to the rim 6 through the brake disc 42, and finally, the power transmission from the driving motor 2 to the rim 6 is realized, so that the electric wheel rotates. The caliper body 41 serves to restrict rotation of the brake disc 42, thereby blocking power transmission from the ring gear 316 to the rim 6, and thus realizing braking of the automobile. Specifically, a third oil passage 73 is provided in the housing 1, and the third oil passage 73 is capable of delivering hydraulic oil to the caliper body 41 to urge the caliper body 41 to clamp the brake disc 42 so that the brake disc 42 cannot rotate, thereby blocking the power transmission to the rim 6.
Preferably, the first oil passage 71 and the second oil passage 73 are distributed symmetrically about the center of the main shaft 5.
As shown in fig. 5, a first bearing 81 is provided between the main shaft 5 and the rotor 23, and a second bearing 82 is provided between the main shaft 5 and the first sun gear 311, thereby supporting the entire rotation mechanism rotating around the main shaft 5 and facilitating the rotation of the rotation mechanism around the main shaft 5. A third bearing 83 is provided between the brake disc 42 and the housing 1 to facilitate rotation of the brake disc 42 and the rim 6.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, after the driving motor 2 is started, the rotor 23 starts to rotate, and the rotating rotor 23 drives the first sun gear 311 to rotate. When one gear is needed for advancing: the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first sheet brake 32 through the first oil passage 71 and is not supplied to the second sheet brake 33 so that only the first sheet brake 32 is operated, which in turn locks the carrier 314 so that the power of the first sun gear 311 cannot be transmitted to the carrier 314, which is transmitted to the ring gear 316, and is transmitted from the ring gear 316 to the rim 6, driving the vehicle in motion, with a gear ratio in one gear as described above with reference to the foregoing. When the second gear is required to advance: the hydraulic oil is supplied to the second plate brake 33 through the second oil passage 72 and is not supplied to the first plate brake 32 so that only the second plate brake 33 is operated, and then the second sun gear 312 is locked so that the power of the first sun gear 311 is transmitted to the ring gear 316 and is transmitted to the rim 6 by the ring gear 316, driving the vehicle to move, and the gear ratio in the second gear is as described above. The hydraulic oil is supplied to the first plate brake 32 through the first oil passage 71 and the oil is supplied to the second plate brake 33 through the second oil passage 72 so that both the first plate brake 32 and the second plate brake 33 are operated, the carrier 314 is locked, and the second sun gear 312 is locked, so that the long pinion 315 cannot rotate or revolve, and power cannot be transmitted to the ring gear, thereby being in the parking gear. The first and second plate brakes 32 and 33 are deactivated, and all members of the planetary gear assembly 31 are in a free active state and thus in neutral. When the caliper body 41 is not supplied with oil, the brake disc 42 can be rotated, so that power is transmitted to the rim 6 to rotate the electric wheel, and when the caliper body 41 is supplied with oil through the third oil passage 73, the caliper body 41 can be caused to restrict the rotation of the brake disc 42, thereby performing a braking function.
It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, by arranging the two-gear speed change mechanism 3 consisting of the planetary gear assembly 31, the first sheet brake 32 and the second sheet brake 33 inside the electric wheel, the transmission ratio of the first sun gear 311 to the gear ring 316 can be controlled by controlling the working states of the first sheet brake 32 and the second sheet brake 33, so that the first gear and the second gear of the rim 6 are driven, the electric wheel can select different gears to drive according to the actual driving working condition, the speed regulation and the torque variation range of the driving motor 2 are increased, the acceleration capability and the climbing capability of the automobile are improved, the power performance of the whole automobile is improved, meanwhile, the opportunity of the driving motor 2 working in a high-efficiency interval is increased, the electric energy consumption of the electric wheel automobile is reduced, the driving mileage of the whole automobile is increased, and the economical performance of the whole automobile is improved. And, through integrating driving motor 2 and two keep off speed change mechanism 3 in the casing, compact structure has optimized the inside space utilization of electric wheel, helps reducing the axial size and the whole volume of electric wheel. In addition, the transmission mode of the planetary gear assembly 31 is controlled through the first sheet brake 32 and the second sheet brake 33, so that the driving motor 2 can realize the two-gear power transmission to the electric wheel, no power interruption exists in the gear shifting process, the power performance and the driving comfort of the automobile can be improved, in addition, the first oil way 71 is positioned outside the whole driving system, the second oil way 72 is positioned inside the driving system, the two oil ways can play a relatively uniform heat dissipation function to the driving system of the electric wheel, and the use safety of the electric wheel is improved.
Further, by arranging the disc brake 4 and respectively connecting the brake disc 42 with the power output end and the rim 6, the power output end is in transmission connection with the rim through the brake disc 42, so that the clamp body 41 can lock the brake disc 42 to stop power transmission to the rim 6, the braking function of the electric wheel can be realized on the basis of a gear shifting function, the comprehensive function of the electric wheel is improved, and the applicability of the electric wheel is improved.
Further, by providing the third oil passage 73 of the disc brake 4 in the housing 1, the heat radiation function can be achieved together with the first oil passage 71 and the second oil passage 72, and the heat radiation effect can be improved. In addition, the third oil passage 73 and the first oil passage 71 are distributed symmetrically about the center of the main shaft 5, so that on one hand, the position distribution of the three oil passages is reasonable, thereby facilitating the optimization of the mechanism, facilitating the manufacture of the housing 1, and on the other hand, further improving the uniformity of heat dissipation.
Second embodiment of the present application:
although not shown in the drawings, unlike the first embodiment, the planetary gear assembly of the present embodiment is different in structure, and a two-speed shift is achieved by a certain arrangement, not by using the ravigneaux type planetary gear assembly of the first embodiment, but by using a combined planetary gear mechanism such as a simpson type planetary gear assembly or CR-CR. However, the gear ratio of the ravigneaux planetary gear is more reasonable for the gear ratios that can be achieved.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in connection with the foregoing embodiments, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the protective scope of the present application is not limited to only these specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the above embodiments may be split and combined by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and equivalent changes or substitutions may be made to related technical features, so any changes, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the technical concepts and/or technical principles of the present application will fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a two keep off variable speed motor wheel, includes driving motor, two keep off variable speed mechanism, disc brake, main shaft, casing, rim and tire, its characterized in that:
the driving motor comprises a stator, a permanent magnet and a rotor, wherein the stator is fixed on the shell, and the permanent magnet and the rotor are fixed;
the two-gear speed change mechanism comprises a planetary gear assembly, a first sheet brake and a second sheet brake, wherein the planetary gear assembly comprises a first sun gear, a second sun gear, a short planetary gear, a long planetary gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring, the first sun gear, the second sun gear, the planet carrier and the gear ring rotate around the main shaft, the short planetary gear and the rotating shaft of the long planetary gear are both fixed on the planet carrier, the short planetary gear is arranged between the first sun gear and the long planetary gear, the long planetary gear is arranged between the second sun gear and the gear ring, the planetary gear assembly is provided with a power input end and a power output end, the power input end is arranged on the first sun gear, the power output end is arranged on the gear ring, the first sheet brake is arranged close to the shell, the second sheet brake is arranged close to the main shaft, the first sheet brake is respectively connected with the shell and the planet carrier, the second sheet brake is respectively connected with the main shaft, the second sheet brake is respectively connected with the first sun gear and the long planetary gear, the second sheet brake is used for realizing the power transmission of the first sheet brake to the second sheet brake, the second sheet brake and the second sheet brake, and the second sheet brake are used for realizing the first brake and the second brake and the first brake and the second brake mode;
the disc brake comprises a caliper body and a brake disc, wherein the brake disc is respectively connected with the gear ring and the rim, so that the gear ring is in transmission connection with the rim through the brake disc, and the caliper body is fixed on the shell and used for locking the brake disc;
two short oil paths leading to the shell and a second oil path leading to the second sheet brake are arranged in the main shaft, the two short oil paths are symmetrically distributed up and down about the main shaft, the upward short oil paths lead to the first sheet brake and form a first oil path so as to drive the first sheet brake to work, the downward short oil paths lead to the caliper body and form a third oil path so as to drive the caliper body to work, and the second oil path leads to the second sheet brake so as to drive the second sheet brake to work;
the shell comprises a motor shell and a transmission shell, the motor shell is fixedly connected with the transmission shell, the shell wraps the driving motor, the two-gear speed change mechanism, the main shaft and the disc brake, a first oil way leading to the first sheet brake is formed in the shell so as to enable the first sheet brake to work, and a third oil way leading to the caliper body is formed in the shell so as to drive the caliper body to work;
a first bearing and a second bearing are arranged between the main shaft and the rotor and between the main shaft and the planetary gear assembly respectively, and a third bearing is arranged between the brake disc and the shell;
and a tire is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rim.
2. A two speed variable speed electric wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first oil way and the third oil way are vertically symmetrically distributed about the main shaft, and the arrangement of the first oil way, the third oil way and the second oil way plays a role in uniformly radiating heat for the electric wheel driving system and the braking system.
3. A two speed variable speed electric wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first sun gear and the rotor are integrally formed.
4. A two speed variable speed electric wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving motor is an inner rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111193467.9A CN113733894B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Two keep off variable speed electric wheel |
| PCT/CN2022/107787 WO2023060980A1 (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2022-07-26 | Two-gear transmission electric wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111193467.9A CN113733894B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Two keep off variable speed electric wheel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113733894A CN113733894A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| CN113733894B true CN113733894B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111193467.9A Active CN113733894B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Two keep off variable speed electric wheel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113733894B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023060980A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113733894B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-07-04 | 山东科技大学 | Two keep off variable speed electric wheel |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113733894A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| WO2023060980A1 (en) | 2023-04-20 |
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