CN113732823A - Grinding process of high-precision bearing steel ball - Google Patents
Grinding process of high-precision bearing steel ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732823A CN113732823A CN202110864283.4A CN202110864283A CN113732823A CN 113732823 A CN113732823 A CN 113732823A CN 202110864283 A CN202110864283 A CN 202110864283A CN 113732823 A CN113732823 A CN 113732823A
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- bearing steel
- steel ball
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- grinding process
- ball
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B11/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor
- B24B11/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor for grinding balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/12—Devices for exhausting mist of oil or coolant; Devices for collecting or recovering materials resulting from grinding or polishing, e.g. of precious metals, precious stones, diamonds or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball, which sequentially comprises the following steps of S1: the bearing steel wire is processed into a ball blank by a cold heading machine, and the ball blank is polished and quenched to obtain a bearing steel ball blank; s2, primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank into a polishing machine for primary grinding; s3, screening and grading: screening the steel balls subjected to primary grinding by a screening machine; s4: and (3) refining again: carrying out secondary grinding on the screened bearing steel ball to prepare a high-precision bearing steel ball; s5: cleaning and packaging: and cleaning and drying the bearing steel ball, and packaging for sale. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball is realized by adjusting the proportion of grinding media, the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder, the grinding speed and the grinding pressure. Through the use of the permanent magnet, scrap iron generated in the polishing process is effectively removed, and the steel ball is prevented from being scratched in the grinding process. By increasing the screening process, the comprehensive utilization of the spherical blanks with different particle sizes and the secondary grinding precision are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing steel ball processing, in particular to a grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball.
Background
The steel ball is divided into grinding, forging and casting according to the production and processing technology. The steel is divided into bearing steel balls, stainless steel balls, carbon steel balls and the like according to processing materials. Wherein the bearing steel ball is an important basic part in industry. The bearing steel ball is processed from a bearing steel wire rod, and the conventional bearing steel ball processing technology sequentially comprises wire drawing, cold heading, ball polishing, heat treatment, hard grinding, lapping, cleaning and appearance detection. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a ball blank after the bearing steel is subjected to wire drawing and cold heading, removing an outer ring and two poles of the ball blank after the ball blank is subjected to ball polishing, enhancing the hardness of the ball blank through heat treatment, obtaining a bearing steel ball with a smooth surface and a size matched with an expected size through hard grinding and fine grinding, washing off stains on the bearing steel ball through cleaning, and finally picking out defective products through appearance detection.
The quality control of the steel ball lies in the process, and the most important is the grinding process. The traditional grinding process is mainly realized by grinding the oiliness of the steel ball, but the oiliness grinding has the following disadvantages: (1) the viscosity of the oil changes when the temperature changes, so that the stability of the process is poor, and the requirement on the temperature of the equipment environment is high; (2) when the roughness of the surface of the steel ball is too large, the problem of excessive thickness of the oil film occurs, when the thickness of the oil film exceeds the granularity of grinding materials, the grinding materials lose grinding capacity, and when the viscosity of lubricating oil is too low, the grinding materials are easily thrown away from the steel ball and a grinding disc, so that the grinding efficiency is reduced, and the uniformity of entering balls is not easy to control, so that grinding burns are caused. The water-based grinding process has the advantages of stable chemical and physical properties, good heat dissipation performance, easiness in cleaning, cleanness, tidiness, high processing efficiency, good product quality, environmental friendliness and the like. Therefore, the circulating liquid aqua is used for fine grinding to replace the trend of oily grinding in the conventional steel ball industry for industry.
However, when the water-based circulating liquid is used for grinding, the circulating liquid is an emulsion, the cleaning capability is weak, and iron foam generated after grinding is easy to adhere to the surface of the steel ball, so that the spherical surface is easy to scratch and burn, the groove is blocked, the variation of the diameter of the steel ball batch is uncontrollable, even the steel ball is seriously blocked, the dead angle ball is caused, the precision of the steel ball is directly influenced, the scattering difference of the whole batch of steel balls is large, and the quality reliability is reduced. Meanwhile, the quality of the steel balls is also influenced by the different grinding media and the proportion.
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball, which aims to solve the technical problems of surface scratching, burning, groove plugging, low production efficiency, difficult cleaning and the like of the bearing steel ball in the production process, thereby ensuring the precision and efficiency of the production process of the bearing steel ball.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a ball blank: the method comprises the following steps of (1) machining a bearing steel wire into a ball blank through a cold heading machine, polishing the ball blank in a ball polishing machine to obtain a smooth ball blank, and then quenching the smooth ball blank in a high-temperature treatment furnace to obtain a bearing steel ball blank;
s2: primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank obtained in the step S1 into a polishing machine for primary grinding to obtain a primary-ground bearing steel ball;
s3, screening and grading: screening the primarily ground bearing steel balls in the step S2 into primarily ground bearing steel balls of different grades through a screening machine;
s4: and (3) refining again: placing the classified primarily-ground bearing steel ball in the step S3 into a grinding machine for secondary grinding to prepare a high-precision bearing steel ball;
s5: cleaning and packaging: and (5) putting the high-precision bearing steel ball in the step (S4) into a cleaning machine for cleaning, drying by a dryer, and packaging by a packaging machine.
Preferably, the polishing machine described in step S2 is charged with a circulating liquid, water, and white corundum fine powder; a permanent magnet is mounted at the outlet of the grinder.
Preferably, the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 2-9%: 10-20%, 71-88%; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1/100000-1/100 of the diameter of the steel ball; the grinding speed is 10-60 rpm, and the pressure is as follows: 0.5-2 Mpa; the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet is 0.5-3T.
Preferably, the content of aluminum oxide in the white corundum micro powder is not less than 99.5 percent.
Preferably, the screening criteria of the screening machine in step S3 are: level 1, level 2 and level 3.
Preferably, the grade 1 particle size is 0-60% (excluding 60) of the set value; the grade 2 particle size is 60-100% (excluding 100) of the set value; the particle size of the 3-stage is 100-120% (excluding 120) of the set value.
Preferentially, in the step S4, the circulating liquid, water and white corundum micropowder are added into the grinder; a permanent magnet is mounted at the outlet of the grinder.
Preferably, the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 0.5-1%: 10-20 percent, 79-89.5 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1/100000-1/10000 of the diameter of the steel ball; the grinding speed is 10-20 rpm, and the pressure is as follows: 0.5-1 Mpa; the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet is 0.5-3T.
Preferably, the cleaning machine in step S5 is an ultrasonic cleaning machine; the cleaning medium of the cleaning machine is water; the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball is realized by adjusting the proportion of grinding media, the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder, the grinding speed and the grinding pressure;
(2) the permanent magnet is used, so that scrap iron generated in the polishing process is effectively removed, the scratch of the steel ball in grinding is avoided, and the damage rate of the bearing steel ball is reduced;
(3) through the increase of the screening process, the comprehensive utilization of spherical blanks with different particle sizes and the precision of secondary grinding are realized, the rejection rate of the secondary grinding is reduced, and the grinding time is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a grinding process of a high-precision bearing according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a grinding process of a high-precision bearing is used for preparing a bearing steel ball with the thickness of 8mm, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a ball blank: preparing a bearing steel wire into a ball blank by a cold header (8mm ball die), polishing the ball blank in a ball polishing machine to obtain a smooth ball blank, and then quenching the smooth ball blank in a high-temperature treatment furnace to obtain a bearing steel ball blank;
s2: primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank in the step S1 into a polishing machine for primary grinding, wherein the proportion of a grinding medium is 6% of white corundum micro powder, circulating liquid and water: 15 percent to 79 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1-10 μm of the diameter of the steel ball; grinding speed was 40rpm, pressure: 1 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S3, screening and grading: and (4) screening the primarily ground bearing steel balls in the step S2 by a screening machine, using the grade-3 steel balls as the next step, and using the grade-1 and grade-2 steel balls as the raw materials of the bearing steel balls of other specifications for later use.
S4: and (3) refining again: and (4) putting the steel ball after the level 3 in the step S3 into a grinding machine for secondary grinding, wherein the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 0.5%: 89.5 percent in 10 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 0.1-1 mu m; the grinding speed is 15rpm, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S5: cleaning and packaging: and (5) putting the high-precision bearing steel ball prepared in the step (S4) into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and carrying out quality detection after drying in a drying machine at the temperature of 80 ℃.
And (3) detection results: the ball shape error of the steel balls manufactured by the batch is less than or equal to 0.04um, the surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.004um, the delta sph is less than or equal to 0.3um, the Vdws is less than or equal to 0.5um, the Vwll is less than or equal to 1.20um, the Ra is less than or equal to 0.025um, the steel balls are free of burn, the surface quality meets the requirements, and the steel balls accord with the national standard.
Example 2:
a grinding process of a high-precision bearing is used for preparing a bearing steel ball with the thickness of 8mm, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a ball blank: preparing a bearing steel wire into a ball blank by a cold header (8mm ball die), polishing the ball blank in a ball polishing machine to obtain a smooth ball blank, and then quenching the smooth ball blank in a high-temperature treatment furnace to obtain a bearing steel ball blank;
s2: primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank in the step S1 into a polishing machine for primary grinding, wherein the proportion of a grinding medium is 8% of white corundum micro powder, circulating liquid and water: 78% in 14%; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1-10 μm of the diameter of the steel ball; grinding speed 60rpm, pressure: 1 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S3, screening and grading: and (4) screening the primarily ground bearing steel balls in the step S2 by a screening machine, using the grade-3 steel balls as the next step, and using the grade-1 and grade-2 steel balls as the raw materials of the bearing steel balls of other specifications for later use.
S4: and (3) refining again: and (4) putting the steel ball after the level 3 in the step S3 into a grinding machine for secondary grinding, wherein the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 0.5%: 89.5 percent in 10 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 0.1-1 mu m; the grinding speed is 18rpm, and the pressure is 1 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S5: cleaning and packaging: and (5) putting the high-precision bearing steel ball prepared in the step (S4) into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and carrying out quality detection after drying in a drying machine at the temperature of 80 ℃.
And (3) detection results: the ball shape error of the steel balls manufactured in the batch is less than or equal to 0.06um, the surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.007um, the delta sph is less than or equal to 0.8um, the Vdws is less than or equal to 0.5um, the Vwll is less than or equal to 1.20um, the Ra is less than or equal to 0.025um, the steel balls are free of burn, the surface quality meets the requirements, and the steel balls accord with the national standard.
Example 3:
a grinding process of a high-precision bearing is used for preparing a 6mm bearing steel ball, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a ball blank: preparing a bearing steel wire into a ball blank by a cold header (a ball die with the diameter of 6 mm), putting the ball blank into a ball polishing machine for polishing to obtain a smooth ball blank, and then putting the smooth ball blank into a high-temperature treatment furnace for quenching to obtain a bearing steel ball blank;
s2: primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank in the step S1 into a polishing machine for primary grinding, wherein the proportion of a grinding medium is 6% of white corundum micro powder, circulating liquid and water: 15 percent to 79 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1-10 μm of the diameter of the steel ball; grinding speed was 20rpm, pressure: 1 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S3, screening and grading: and (4) screening the primarily ground bearing steel balls in the step S2 by a screening machine, using the grade-3 steel balls as the next step, and using the grade-1 and grade-2 steel balls as the raw materials of the bearing steel balls of other specifications for later use.
S4: and (3) refining again: and (4) putting the steel ball after the level 3 in the step S3 into a grinding machine for secondary grinding, wherein the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 0.5%: 89.5 percent in 10 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 0.1-1 mu m; the grinding speed is 10rpm, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa; the permanent magnet magnetic field intensity is 2T.
S5: cleaning and packaging: and (5) putting the high-precision bearing steel ball prepared in the step (S4) into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning, and carrying out quality detection after drying in a drying machine at the temperature of 80 ℃.
And (3) detection results: the steel ball manufactured by the invention has the spherical error less than or equal to 0.04um, the surface roughness less than or equal to 0.005um, the delta sph less than or equal to 0.4um, the Vdws less than or equal to 0.5um, the Vwll less than or equal to 1.20um and the Ra less than or equal to 0.025um, has no burn, meets the requirements on surface quality and meets the national standard.
Claims (9)
1. A grinding process of a high-precision bearing steel ball is characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation steps are as follows in sequence:
s1, preparing a ball blank: the method comprises the following steps of (1) machining a bearing steel wire into a ball blank through a cold heading machine, polishing the ball blank in a ball polishing machine to obtain a smooth ball blank, and then quenching the smooth ball blank in a high-temperature treatment furnace to obtain a bearing steel ball blank;
s2: primary grinding: putting the bearing steel ball blank obtained in the step S1 into a polishing machine for primary grinding to obtain a primary-ground bearing steel ball;
s3, screening and grading: screening the primarily ground bearing steel balls in the step S2 into primarily ground bearing steel balls of different grades through a screening machine;
s4: and (3) refining again: placing the classified primarily-ground bearing steel ball in the step S3 into a grinding machine for secondary grinding to prepare a high-precision bearing steel ball;
s5: cleaning and packaging: and (5) putting the high-precision bearing steel ball in the step (S4) into a cleaning machine for cleaning, drying by a dryer, and packaging by a packaging machine.
2. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: adding a circulating liquid, water and white corundum micropowder into the polishing machine in the step S2; a permanent magnet is mounted at the outlet of the grinder.
3. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 2-9%: 10-20%, 71-88%; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1/100000-1/100 of the diameter of the steel ball; the grinding speed is 10-60 rpm, and the pressure is as follows: 0.5-2 Mpa; the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet is 0.5-3T.
4. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the content of aluminum oxide in the white corundum micro powder is not less than 99.5 percent.
5. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the screening standard of the screening machine in the step S3 is as follows: level 1, level 2 and level 3.
6. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 5, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the grade 1 particle size is 0-60% (excluding 60) of the set value; the grade 2 particle size is 60-100% (excluding 100) of the set value; the particle size of the 3-stage is 100-120% (excluding 120) of the set value.
7. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: step S4, adding a circulating liquid, water and white corundum micropowder into the grinder; a permanent magnet is mounted at the outlet of the grinder.
8. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 7, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the proportion of the white corundum micro powder, the circulating liquid and the water is 0.5-1%: 10-20 percent, 79-89.5 percent; the grain diameter of the white corundum micro powder is 1/100000-1/10000 of the diameter of the steel ball; the grinding speed is 10-20 rpm, and the pressure is as follows: 0.5-1 Mpa; the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet is 0.5-3T.
9. The grinding process of the high-precision bearing steel ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding process comprises the following steps: the cleaning machine in the step S5 is an ultrasonic cleaning machine; the cleaning medium of the cleaning machine is water; the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110864283.4A CN113732823A (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Grinding process of high-precision bearing steel ball |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110864283.4A CN113732823A (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Grinding process of high-precision bearing steel ball |
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| CN113732823A true CN113732823A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| CN202110864283.4A Pending CN113732823A (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Grinding process of high-precision bearing steel ball |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105798766A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-27 | 无锡市飞云球业有限公司 | Grinding process of precision mute bearing steel ball |
| CN109604944A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2019-04-12 | 绍兴市上虞叶华实业有限公司 | A kind of processing technology and production line of bearing steel ball |
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2021
- 2021-07-29 CN CN202110864283.4A patent/CN113732823A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105798766A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-27 | 无锡市飞云球业有限公司 | Grinding process of precision mute bearing steel ball |
| CN109604944A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2019-04-12 | 绍兴市上虞叶华实业有限公司 | A kind of processing technology and production line of bearing steel ball |
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Application publication date: 20211203 |