CN113732570A

CN113732570A - Welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method

Info

Publication number: CN113732570A
Application number: CN202110821908.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 占小红; 赵佳怡; 高奇玉; 王磊磊
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Abstract

The invention provides a welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method. The cooling tool cools the back of the welding seam through circulating cooling water circulating in the groove formed in the tool, and meanwhile, the gasket is embedded into the top of the groove to prevent the welding seam from being directly cooled by cooling liquid. The water-cooling copper blocks are connected in series, and the water-cooling copper blocks and cooling pipelines in the grooves are designed in parallel. The infrared temperature measuring equipment is arranged on the tool, real-time temperature measurement is fed back to the computer system, and the computer adjusts the flow and the temperature of the cooling liquid through the throttle valve and the cooling water tank to realize the control of the temperature of the welding seam. The device is simple in equipment and easy to realize, can instantly cool heat generated in the welding process, and effectively reduces the deformation of the weldment after welding.

Description

Welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method.

Background

The Invar steel has a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the composite material, so that the Invar steel is widely applied to production and manufacturing of large airplane composite material structural part molds. Welding is one of the most important process flows in the manufacture of large-scale Invar steel dies. At present, the following problems related to weld seam structure and welding deformation, which are influenced by welding heat flow, mainly exist in the welding of large-thickness large-size Invar die steel plates:

when the Invar alloy is welded, severe postweld thermal effect is caused by welding thermal cycle, the microstructure of a welding line is influenced, a heat affected zone is too wide, and grains are coarse, so that the mechanical property and the service period of the Invar alloy are reduced; the Invar alloy has poor resistance to bending deformation, and welding causes severe thermal deformation, resulting in buckling deformation of the flat plate.

In the welding production, in order to reduce the deformation after welding and improve the welding efficiency, a welding cooling method is generally adopted, and a water spraying method, a water immersion method and a water cooling copper block method are common. The water spraying and soaking method has good cooling effect, but the water flow direction is difficult to control, the weld quenching is easy to cause, meanwhile, the welding environment is poor, and the requirement on the hardware control of a cooling system is high. The heat dissipation effect of the water-cooling copper block method is inferior, and the design optimization of the internal cooling water channel can effectively improve the cooling speed of a welding seam, reduce the waiting time after welding, control the welding deformation and simultaneously have better welding environment.

In conclusion, a welding-following cooling device which is simple in equipment and easy to operate is urgently needed, a water flow heat dissipation method is adopted in the device, cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled copper block and the back of the welding seam, so that the problems of welding seam structure and welding deformation caused by the influence of heat flow in Invar alloy welding are solved, and the device has important research and application significance for promoting welding of Invar alloy.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method, so as to solve the problems of serious welding deformation, large tendency of welded part cracking and the like in the existing Invar alloy welding process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method, which specifically comprises:

the water-cooling copper block is internally provided with a U-shaped cooling water channel, and the outside of the water-cooling copper block is provided with a cooling pipe joint which is convenient for the connection of a water pipe and can be divided into a strip type copper block and a bending type copper block. The bottom of the water-cooling copper block is uniformly coated with a heat-conducting medium and then is tightly attached to two sides of a component weld bead, wherein the heat-conducting medium is used for increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the copper block and the steel plate and simultaneously increasing the effective heat exchange area, and the heat is rapidly taken away through the circulation of cooling water in the welding process.

The cooling frock is opened flutedly with the circulation cooling water inside, and the heat conduction gasket is placed and is inlayed in the cooling frock at the recess top, cools off the welding track back through the heat conduction effect of gasket and the circulation of cooling water in the recess. The tool is provided with a through hole and is suitable for mounting the clamp and the infrared temperature measuring equipment.

And the connecting water pipe is made of silica gel and used for transmitting a cooling medium. Adopt interference fit to prevent leaking between frock inner groovy business turn over hole and the water pipe, utilize the buckle to fix between cooling joint and the water pipe, between Y shape tee bend and the water pipe simultaneously.

And the circulating cooling water tank is used for providing cooling liquid, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged outside the circulating cooling water tank, a water pump, a fan and a condensation row are arranged inside the circulating cooling water tank, and cooling and effective circulation of circulating water are ensured.

And the infrared temperature measuring equipment is arranged on the tool, monitors the welding seam in real time, and transmits the obtained data to the computer.

And the computer temperature control equipment analyzes and processes data transmitted by the infrared temperature measuring equipment, is connected with a throttle valve at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water tank, controls the flow of cooling water and realizes the regulation and control of the cooling rate.

Cooling medium flows out from a water inlet of the circulating water tank, is divided by the Y-shaped tee joint, one part flows through the cooling copper blocks, the other part flows through the grooves, the cooling copper blocks on two sides of the welding bead are connected in series, cooling liquid flows from the cooling copper block on one side to the cooling copper block on the other side, finally is converged with the cooling liquid flowing out of the grooves and flows into the circulating water tank through the Y-shaped tee joint for rectification, the temperature control device comprises a computer temperature control device, a throttle valve, a temperature control device and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of a welding seam in the welding process, the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of the welding seam in real time, the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of the welding seam in the welding process, and the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of the welding seam in real time.

Further, the water-cooled copper blocks are not limited to be integrated, and a plurality of water-cooled copper blocks can be combined in series or parallel.

Further, the horizontal U-shaped cooling water channel of internal design is in order to improve heat exchange efficiency when being used for long welding seam cooling for the water-cooling copper billet, and the vertical U-shaped cooling water channel of internal design is in order to improve heat transfer area when being used for short welding seam cooling.

Further, when the water-cooling copper block is used for a welding process with high heat input, such as arc welding, a large-width design is adopted, meanwhile, an internal channel is in a transition design, the channel is from dense to sparse from a position close to a welding seam to a position far away from the welding seam, and the transition ratio of the channel width is 1: 1.5; when the welding device is used for a welding process with low heat input, such as laser welding, a small-width design is adopted, and a transition structure is not designed inside.

Furthermore, the inner groove of the cooling tool is arranged from dense to sparse from the center of the welding seam to the channels on the two sides, and the transition ratio of the channel widths is 1: 2.

Furthermore, the cooling device is not limited to a single cooling water tank to circulate through a parallel loop, and a plurality of cooling water tanks can be adopted to form a plurality of independent loops, so that the water cooling path is reduced, and the heat extraction efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, the cooling device is not only suitable for a straight welding bead, but also suitable for cooling a zigzag welding bead and a circular welding bead by matching a long copper block and a bent copper block.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the device can realize the welding cooling of the welding seam, has better cooling effect, the water-cooling copper block is tightly attached to the upper part of the steel plate to be welded, the copper block quickly absorbs the welding heat in the welding process, the heat is taken away by the internally introduced cooling water, the heat-conducting gasket is arranged at the back of the welding seam for heat dissipation, and meanwhile, the circulating cooling water loop established by the groove arranged on the tool is utilized to further cool the back of the welding seam, thereby effectively increasing the cooling speed of the welding seam and controlling the temperature. The invention can instantly cool the heat generated in the welding process, effectively reduce the deformation of the plate after welding and reduce the cracking tendency, and has simple equipment operation and wide application range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the strip copper block and the bent copper block according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of horizontal U-shaped cooling water channels and vertical U-shaped cooling water channels inside a copper block according to the present invention;

the device comprises a tool 1, a 2-Invar alloy, 3, 4-cooling copper blocks, 5-grooves, 6-gaskets, 7-holes, 8-groove water inlets, 9-groove water outlets, 10-circulating cooling water tanks, 11-water outlets, 12, 20-throttle valves, 13, 19-Y-shaped tee joints, 14-first outlet water pipes, 15-second outlet water pipes, 16-series water pipes, 17-second inlet water pipes, 18-first inlet water pipes, 21-inlet water pipes, 22-infrared temperature measuring equipment, 23-computers, 24-clamps and 25-cooling connectors.

Detailed Description

To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the invention is further described below in conjunction with the following drawings, it being understood that the drawings are provided herein for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

The welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device mainly comprises water-cooled copper blocks 3 and 4; cooling the tool 1; a clamp 24; connecting

water pipes

11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 21; a circulating cooling water tank 10; an example of welding a pair of 500mm × 100mm × 20mm Invar steels comprises an infrared temperature control device 22 and a computer temperature control device 23, and the specific devices are as follows:

the water-cooled copper blocks 3 and 4 are strip-shaped copper blocks with the size of 460mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 20mm, a U-shaped cooling water channel is arranged inside the water-cooled copper blocks, a cooling pipe joint 25 is arranged outside the water-cooled copper blocks to facilitate the connection of water pipes, and the diameter of the cooling pipe joint is 10 mm. After being uniformly coated with silicone grease, the bottoms of the water-cooled copper blocks 3 and 4 are tightly attached to two sides of a weld bead of the Invar steel plate 2, and heat is rapidly taken away through circulation of cooling water in the welding process.

Cooling frock 1, welding seam central authorities recess channel width 30mm, outside recess channel width 50mm, the total length of recess 490mm, total width 400mm, degree of depth 12mm, 490mm 400mm x 1mm red copper gasket 6 is installed at the top, 6 tops of red copper gasket are arranged in to Invar steel sheet 2, recess inlet opening 8 is in order to connect water pipe 14, recess apopore 9 connects water pipe 18, the circulation of cooling water cools off the welding seam back in heat conduction effect and the recess through gasket 6.

The connecting

water pipes

11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 are made of silica gel and have an inner diameter of 10mm for the transmission of a cooling medium. The inner groove inlet and outlet holes 8 and 9 and the

water pipes

14 and 18 of the tool are in interference fit to prevent water leakage and are sealed by sealant, and meanwhile, the cooling joint 25 and the

water pipes

15, 16 and 17, and the Y-shaped tee joints 13 and 19 and the

water pipes

11, 14, 15, 17, 18 and 21 are fixed by fasteners.

And the circulating cooling water tank 10 is used for providing cooling liquid, a water outlet and a water inlet are arranged outside the circulating cooling water tank, the water outlet is connected with the water outlet pipe 11, the water inlet is connected with the water outlet pipe 21, and a water pump, a fan and a condensation row are arranged inside the circulating cooling water tank, so that the cooling and effective circulation of circulating water are ensured.

And the infrared temperature measuring equipment 22 is arranged on the tool opening 7, monitors the welding seam in real time, and transmits the obtained data to the computer 23.

And the computer temperature control equipment 23 is used for analyzing and processing data transmitted by the infrared temperature measuring equipment 22, is connected with the throttling valves 12 and 20 at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water tank 10, and is used for controlling the flow of cooling water and realizing the regulation and control of the cooling rate.

Cooling water flows out from a water outlet of a circulating water tank 10 through a water outlet pipe 11 and is divided by a Y-shaped tee joint 13, one part of the cooling water flows through a cooling copper block 3 through a second outlet water pipe 15, one part of the cooling water flows through a groove 5 through a first outlet water pipe 14, the cooling copper blocks 3 and 4 on two sides of a welding bead are connected in series through a series water pipe 16, cooling liquid flows from the cooling copper block 3 on one side to the cooling copper block 4 on the other side and flows out through a second inlet water pipe 17, and finally the cooling liquid which flows out of the groove from a first inlet water pipe 18 is converged and flows into the circulating water tank 10 through a Y-shaped tee joint 19 in a rectifying mode, so that circulation of a cooling medium is achieved, meanwhile, welding seam temperature in the welding process is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature measuring device 22, data are fed back to a computer temperature control device 23, the computer 23 adjusts the flow of the cooling liquid through throttle valves 12 and 20 and adjusts the temperature of the cooling liquid through the condensation rate in the cooling water tank 10, before welding, a temperature interval is planned in advance and input into the computer system 23, and the temperature of a weldment is controlled within a specified range through the flow of cooling liquid and the temperature in the welding process, so that the self-adaptive temperature regulation and control along with the welding process are realized.

It will be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative only and not limiting, and that various modifications to the examples described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is not to be limited thereto, since various simple modifications or substitutions of the details described above within the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be within the ambit of the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method are characterized by comprising the following steps:

the water-cooled copper blocks (3) and (4) are internally provided with U-shaped cooling water channels, cooling pipe joints (25) are arranged outside the water-cooled copper blocks to facilitate the connection of water pipes, and the water-cooled copper blocks can be divided into strip-type copper blocks and bent-type copper blocks, heat-conducting media are uniformly coated at the bottoms of the water-cooled copper blocks (3) and (4) and then are tightly attached to the two sides of a welding bead of a weldment (2), wherein the heat-conducting media are used for increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the copper blocks and the weldment and simultaneously increasing the effective heat exchange area, and heat is rapidly taken away through the circulation of cooling water in the welding process;

the cooling tool (1) is internally provided with a groove (5) for circulating cooling liquid, a heat conduction gasket (6) is placed at the top of the groove (5) and embedded in the cooling tool (1), and the back of the welding channel is cooled through the heat conduction effect of the gasket (6) and the circulation of cooling water in the groove (5); the tool is provided with through holes (8) and (9) which are suitable for mounting the clamp and the infrared temperature measuring equipment (22);

the connecting water pipes (11) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (21) are made of silica gel and used for conveying a cooling medium. Interference fit is adopted between the inlet and outlet holes (8) and (9) of the inner groove of the tool and the water pipes (14) and (18) to prevent water leakage, and meanwhile, the cooling joint (25) and the water pipes (15), 16 and (17) and the Y-shaped tee joints (13) and (19) and the water pipes (11), 14, 15, 17, 18 and (21) are fixed by buckles;

the circulating cooling water tank (10) is used for providing cooling liquid, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the outside of the circulating cooling water tank, a water pump, a fan and a condensate drain are arranged in the circulating cooling water tank, and cooling and effective circulation of circulating water are guaranteed;

the infrared temperature measuring equipment (22) is arranged on the tool (1), the welding seam is monitored in real time, and the obtained data are transmitted to the computer (23);

and the computer temperature control equipment (23) is used for analyzing and processing data transmitted by the infrared temperature measuring equipment (22), is connected with the throttling valves (12) and (20) at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water tank (10), and is used for controlling the flow of cooling water to realize the regulation and control of the cooling rate.

Cooling medium flows out from a water inlet of a circulating water tank (10), is shunted through a Y-shaped tee joint (13), one part flows through a cooling copper block (3), the other part flows through a groove (5), the cooling copper blocks (3) and (4) on two sides of a welding bead are connected in series, cooling liquid flows from the cooling copper block (3) on one side to the cooling copper block (4) on the other side, finally is converged with the cooling liquid flowing out of the groove (5) and flows into the circulating water tank (10) through a Y-shaped tee joint (19) in a rectifying mode, circulation of the cooling medium is achieved, meanwhile, welding seam temperature in a welding process is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature measuring device (22), data are fed back to a computer temperature control device (23), the computer adjusts the flow of the cooling liquid through throttle valves (12) and (20) and adjusts the temperature of the cooling liquid through the condensation rate in the cooling water tank (10), and a temperature interval is planned in advance and input into the computer system (23) before welding starts, the temperature of the weldment is controlled within a specified range through the flow rate and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the welding process, so that the self-adaptive temperature regulation and control along with the welding process are realized.

2. The welding-oriented intelligent temperature control device and method according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled copper blocks are not limited to be one-piece, and can be combined by a plurality of water-cooled copper blocks in series or parallel.

3. The welding-oriented intelligent temperature control device and method for welding-following according to claim 1, wherein the water-cooled copper block is internally provided with horizontal U-shaped cooling water channels to improve heat exchange efficiency when used for cooling a long weld and internally provided with vertical U-shaped cooling water channels to improve heat exchange area when used for cooling a short weld.

4. The welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the water-cooled copper block is used for a welding process with high heat input, such as arc welding, a large-width design is adopted, meanwhile, an internal channel is in a transition design, the channel is dense to sparse from a position close to a welding seam to a position far away from the welding seam, and the transition ratio of the channel width is 1: 1.5; when the welding device is used for a welding process with low heat input, such as laser welding, a small-width design is adopted, and a transition structure is not designed inside.

5. The welding-oriented welding-following intelligent temperature control device and method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grooves in the cooling tool are from dense to sparse from the center of the weld to channels on two sides, and the transition ratio of the channel widths is 1: 2.

6. The welding-oriented intelligent temperature control device and method for welding-following according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is not limited to a single cooling water tank circulating through a parallel loop, and a plurality of cooling water tanks can be adopted to form a plurality of independent loops, so that water cooling paths are reduced, and heat removal efficiency is improved.

7. The intelligent welding-following temperature control device and method for welding according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is not only suitable for the straight welding bead, but also suitable for the cooling of the zigzag and annular welding bead through the cooperation of the strip-type copper block and the bent-type copper block.