CN113732260A - Vacuum induction smelting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting and ingot casting method - Google Patents
Vacuum induction smelting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting and ingot casting method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C16/00—Alloys based on zirconium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/008—Continuous casting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
- F27B2014/045—Vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
- F27B2014/108—Cold crucibles (transparent to electromagnetic radiations)
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Abstract
The invention provides a vacuum induction smelting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting and an ingot casting method, wherein a water-cooled copper crucible adopts a split structure which is a hollow structure formed by splicing a plurality of split bodies, so that the magnetic permeability of the water-cooled copper crucible can be enhanced; meanwhile, a water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism matched with the bottom of the water-cooling copper crucible is arranged under the hollow structure in a lifting manner, so that large-size titanium alloy and zirconium alloy ingots can be produced, and the grade of 500Kg can be achieved or even higher; in addition, a feeding mechanism consisting of a vacuum sealing pipeline, an electromagnetic vacuum valve, a feeding bin and a storage bin is arranged on one side of the top of the furnace body, so that semi-continuous operation in the production process can be realized, the vacuum in the furnace body is not required to be destroyed during feeding, and the furnace is suitable for smelting high-activity metal alloy materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal vacuum metallurgy smelting, and particularly relates to a vacuum induction smelting furnace and an ingot casting method for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting.
Background
The titanium alloy and the zirconium alloy have the advantages of small density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good compatibility with carbon fiber composite materials and the like, so the titanium alloy and the zirconium alloy have wide application prospects in the field of aviation and aerospace forgings. However, in the process of casting ingots of aviation and aerospace grade titanium alloys and zirconium alloys, the components and the structures are required to be uniform, the compactness is high, the grain size is small, and because of the extremely high chemical activity, the ingots are generally smelted by a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace (VAR), electrodes are required to be pressed in advance, the requirements on raw materials are high, the production period is long, and the structures and the components of the ingots can only meet the requirements of forging after 3 times of consumable electrode smelting.
Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) is a process of melting a charge by heating the charge by generating an eddy current in a metal conductor by electromagnetic induction under vacuum conditions, and can homogenize a molten pool temperature field and alloy melt components by induction heating and electromagnetic stirring. Because the VIM does not need to manufacture electrodes, the high-quality ingot with uniform components can be obtained at one time, and the method has the advantages of low equipment cost, simple and convenient operation and the like. However, the existing vacuum induction melting method is mostly applied to the field of high-temperature alloys, because titanium alloys and zirconium alloys have high chemical activity and are non-magnetic, only water-cooled copper crucibles can be adopted, the magnetic permeability of the water-cooled copper crucibles is limited, and the power of a melting power supply cannot be infinite, the sizes of the copper crucibles are all smaller, because no proper vacuum induction melting furnace is available, the technology can only be used for preparing small-specification ingots in laboratories in the field of titanium alloys and zirconium alloys, and the maximum cast castings are only 50kg in weight.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a vacuum induction melting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot and an ingot casting method thereof, so as to realize the preparation and production of large-size titanium alloy and zirconium alloy ingot.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a vacuum induction smelting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover matched with the furnace body, wherein a water-cooled copper crucible is arranged inside the furnace body, an induction coil capable of inductively heating the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged on the outer side of the water-cooled copper crucible, the water-cooled copper crucible adopts a split structure, the split structure is a hollow structure formed by splicing a plurality of split bodies, a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism matched with the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged under the hollow structure in a lifting mode, and when the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism moves to the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible, the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and the plurality of split bodies jointly enclose a crucible cavity with an opening at the top;
one side of the top of the furnace body is provided with a first vacuum sealing pipeline, a first electromagnetic vacuum valve is arranged on the first vacuum sealing pipeline, the free end of the first vacuum sealing pipeline is connected to a discharge hole of the feeding bin, a hydraulic feeding rod is arranged inside the feeding bin, the feed hole of the feeding bin is connected to the storage bin through a second vacuum sealing pipeline, and a second electromagnetic vacuum valve is arranged on the second vacuum sealing pipeline.
Furthermore, the water-cooling copper ingot pulling machine comprises a cooling disc matched with the bottom of the water-cooling copper crucible and a cooling pipeline fixedly connected with the cooling disc, and one end, far away from the cooling disc, of the cooling pipeline penetrates through the bottom of the furnace body and is arranged outside the furnace body.
The ingot casting method of the vacuum induction melting furnace comprises the following steps:
step one, opening a furnace cover, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to the bottom of a water-cooled copper crucible, enclosing a cooling disc in the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and a plurality of split bodies forming the water-cooled copper crucible into a crucible cavity with an opening at the top, and adding prepared ingot casting smelting raw materials into the crucible cavity;
closing the furnace cover, closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve at the same time, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace body is 0.5 Pa;
adding the other prepared ingot smelting raw materials into a storage bin, opening a second electromagnetic vacuum valve, adding the raw materials in the storage bin into a feeding bin, closing the second electromagnetic vacuum valve, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the feeding bin is 0.5 Pa;
step four, starting a power supply of the induction coil, gradually increasing the power to 400KW, keeping, and stirring for 2-5 min after all the added raw materials are completely melted to enable the alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
controlling the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to move downwards, wherein the downward ingot pulling speed is 3-6mm/min, simultaneously opening a first electromagnetic vacuum valve, pushing a hydraulic feeding rod to move to finish the addition of raw materials to the molten metal in the crucible cavity, the feeding speed is 2-4 kg/min, resetting the hydraulic feeding rod after the feeding is finished, and closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve;
step six, repeating the step three and the step five until all raw materials are added into the crucible cavity, stopping the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism from moving downwards after the step five is completed each time, and then moving downwards again when the step three is completed and the step five is restarted next time;
and step seven, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling the smelted melt along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and then ascending the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism to obtain the cooled alloy ingot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the water-cooled copper crucible disclosed by the invention adopts a split structure, and the split structure is a hollow structure formed by splicing a plurality of split bodies, so that the magnetic permeability of the water-cooled copper crucible can be enhanced; meanwhile, a water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism matched with the bottom of the water-cooling copper crucible is arranged under the hollow structure in a lifting manner, so that large-size titanium alloy and zirconium alloy ingots can be produced, and the grade of 500Kg can be achieved or even higher; in addition, a feeding mechanism consisting of a vacuum sealing pipeline, an electromagnetic vacuum valve, a feeding bin and a storage bin is arranged on one side of the top of the furnace body, so that semi-continuous operation in the production process can be realized, the vacuum in the furnace body is not required to be destroyed during feeding, and the furnace is suitable for smelting high-activity metal alloy materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional vacuum induction melting furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum induction melting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting according to the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. the furnace comprises a furnace cover, 2, a furnace body, 3, an induction coil, 4, a water-cooled copper crucible, 5, a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism, 6, a first electromagnetic vacuum valve, 7, a feeding bin, 8, a hydraulic feeding rod, 9, a second electromagnetic vacuum valve, 10 and a storage bin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the existing vacuum induction melting furnace is schematically illustrated, and mainly includes a furnace body 2 and a furnace cover 1 matched with the furnace body, a water-cooled copper crucible 4 is arranged inside the furnace body 2, and an induction coil 3 capable of inductively heating the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is arranged outside the water-cooled copper crucible 4.
The principle of the invention is as follows: a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and a matched feeding mechanism are designed, and large-size titanium alloy and zirconium alloy ingots are produced by simply enlarging the power of an induction coil and the size of a water-cooled copper crucible. The weight of the prepared cast ingot can reach more than 500 kg.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum induction melting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting according to the present invention, which includes the main structure of the existing vacuum induction melting furnace: for example, the furnace mainly comprises a furnace body 2 and a furnace cover 1 matched with the furnace body, a water-cooled copper crucible 4 is arranged inside the furnace body 2, and an induction coil 3 capable of carrying out induction heating on the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is arranged outside the water-cooled copper crucible 4. In addition, in order to improve the sealing performance of the furnace body, the furnace cover 1 and the furnace body 2 are correspondingly provided with sealing grooves, and sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves.
Further, in order to improve the magnetic permeability of the water-cooled copper crucible 4 from the source, the water-cooled copper crucible 4 adopts a split structure, the split structure is a hollow structure formed by splicing a plurality of split bodies, a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 matched with the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged under the hollow structure in a lifting manner, and when the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 moves to the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible 4, the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 and the plurality of split bodies jointly enclose a crucible cavity with an opening at the top;
one side of the top of the furnace body 2 is provided with a feeding mechanism which mainly comprises a vacuum sealing pipeline, an electromagnetic vacuum valve, a feeding bin and a storage bin. The concrete setting mode of feeding mechanism is as follows: one side of the top of the furnace body 2 is provided with a first vacuum sealing pipeline, a first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6 is arranged on the first vacuum sealing pipeline, the free end of the first vacuum sealing pipeline is connected to a discharge hole of the feeding bin 7, a hydraulic feeding rod 8 is arranged inside the feeding bin 7, a feed inlet of the feeding bin 7 is connected to the storage bin 10 through a second vacuum sealing pipeline, a second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9 is arranged on the second vacuum sealing pipeline, and the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6 and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9 are both used for controlling the opening and closing of the sealing pipeline at the position. The arrangement of the feeding mechanism enables the invention to realize semi-continuous operation in the production process, does not need to destroy the vacuum in the furnace body during feeding, and is suitable for smelting high-activity metal alloy materials.
Further, water-cooling copper ingot puller 5 includes the cooling tray that matches with the bottom of water-cooling copper crucible and with cooling tray fixed connection's cooling tube, wherein, the cooling tray is the copper product, and it constitutes a complete water-cooling copper crucible jointly with the hollow structure that a plurality of split bodies splice formed, and in addition, the cooling tube adopts stainless steel, and its one end of keeping away from the cooling tray sets up in the outside of furnace body behind running through the bottom of furnace body, in order to reach best result of use, can connect the circulating water in the cooling tube and realize the cooling to the cooling tray.
The ingot casting method of the vacuum induction melting furnace comprises the following steps:
step one, opening a furnace cover, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to the bottom of a water-cooled copper crucible, enclosing a cooling disc in the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and a plurality of split bodies forming the water-cooled copper crucible into a crucible cavity with an opening at the top, and adding prepared ingot casting smelting raw materials into the crucible cavity;
closing the furnace cover, closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve at the same time, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace body is 0.5 Pa;
adding the other prepared ingot smelting raw materials into a storage bin, opening a second electromagnetic vacuum valve, adding the raw materials in the storage bin into a feeding bin, closing the second electromagnetic vacuum valve, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the feeding bin is 0.5 Pa;
step four, starting a power supply of the induction coil, gradually increasing the power to 400KW, keeping, and stirring for 2-5 min after all the added raw materials are completely melted to enable the alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
controlling the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to move downwards, wherein the downward ingot pulling speed is 3-6mm/min, simultaneously opening a first electromagnetic vacuum valve, pushing a hydraulic feeding rod to move to finish the addition of raw materials to the molten metal in the crucible cavity, the feeding speed is 2-4 kg/min, resetting the hydraulic feeding rod after the feeding is finished, and closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve;
step six, repeating the step three and the step five until all raw materials are added into the crucible cavity, stopping the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism from moving downwards after the step five is completed each time, and then moving downwards again when the step three is completed and the step five is restarted next time;
and step seven, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling the smelted melt along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and then ascending the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism to obtain the cooled alloy ingot.
The ingot casting method of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking the preparation of 50kg, 100kg and 500kg grade titanium alloy ingots, respectively, as examples:
example 1
The vacuum induction melting furnace is used for preparing 50 kg-grade titanium alloy ingots, and the operation method comprises the following steps:
step one, opening a furnace cover 1, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to the position below a water-cooled copper crucible 4, ensuring that no gap exists between the water-cooled copper crucible and the water-cooled copper crucible, and putting 50kg of prepared titanium alloy ingot casting raw materials into the water-cooled copper crucible;
step two, closing the furnace cover 1, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6 and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace is 0.5 Pa;
step three, starting a power supply of the induction coil 3, gradually increasing the power to 400KW, keeping, and stirring for 3min after all the added smelting raw materials are completely melted to promote the titanium alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
and step four, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling the smelted melt along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and ascending the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to obtain a 50 kg-grade titanium alloy ingot.
Example 2
The operation method for preparing 100 kg-grade zirconium alloy cast ingots by using the vacuum induction melting furnace comprises the following steps:
step one, opening a furnace cover 1, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to the position below a water-cooled copper crucible 4, ensuring that no gap exists between the water-cooled copper crucible and the water-cooled copper crucible, and putting 50kg of prepared zirconium alloy ingot casting raw materials into the water-cooled copper crucible;
step two, closing the furnace cover 1, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6 and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace is 0.5 Pa;
adding 50kg of zirconium alloy ingot smelting raw materials prepared in addition into a storage bin 10, opening a second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, completely adding the raw materials in the storage bin 10 into a feeding bin 7, closing the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the feeding bin is 0.5 Pa;
starting a power supply of the induction coil, gradually increasing the power to 400KW and keeping the power, and stirring for 3min after all the added smelting raw materials are completely melted to promote the titanium alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
controlling the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to move downwards at the ingot pulling speed of 5mm/min, opening the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6, operating the hydraulic feeding rod 8 to move from right to left to complete feeding of the molten metal to be smelted in the water-cooled copper crucible 4 at the feeding speed of 3 kg/min, resetting the hydraulic feeding rod 8 after feeding is completed, and closing the electromagnetic vacuum valve 6;
and step six, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling the smelted melt along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and ascending the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to obtain 100 kg-grade zirconium alloy ingot.
Example 3
The vacuum induction melting furnace is used for preparing 500 kg-grade titanium alloy ingots. The operation method comprises the following steps:
step one, opening a furnace cover 1, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to the lower part of a water-cooled copper crucible 4, ensuring that no gap exists between the water-cooled copper crucible and the water-cooled copper crucible, and putting 50kg of prepared titanium alloy ingot casting raw materials into the water-cooled copper crucible.
And step two, closing the furnace cover, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6 and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace is 0.5 Pa.
Adding 50kg of titanium alloy ingot casting smelting raw materials prepared in addition into a storage bin 10, opening a second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, adding all the raw materials in the storage bin into a feeding bin 7, closing the second electromagnetic vacuum valve 9, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the feeding bin is 0.5 Pa;
step four, starting a power supply of the induction coil 3, gradually increasing the power to 400KW, keeping, and stirring for 3min after all the added smelting raw materials are completely melted to promote the titanium alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
controlling the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to move downwards at the ingot pulling speed of 5mm/min, opening the first electromagnetic vacuum valve 6, operating the hydraulic feeding rod 8 to move from right to left to complete feeding of the molten metal to be smelted in the water-cooled copper crucible 4 at the feeding speed of 3 kg/min, resetting the hydraulic feeding rod 8 after feeding is completed, and closing the electromagnetic vacuum valve 6;
step six, repeatedly operating according to the step three and the step five, feeding 50kg each time until the raw material is fed to 500kg, stopping the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 from moving downwards after the step five is completed each time, and then moving downwards again when the step three is completed next time and the step five is restarted;
and step seven, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and lifting the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism 5 to obtain a 500 kg-grade titanium alloy ingot.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a vacuum induction smelting furnace that titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot casting were used, includes the furnace body and with furnace body matched with bell, the inside of furnace body is provided with water-cooling copper crucible, and water-cooling copper crucible's the outside is provided with can be to its induction coil who carries out induction heating, its characterized in that: the water-cooled copper crucible adopts a split structure, the split structure is a hollow structure formed by splicing a plurality of split bodies, a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism matched with the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged under the hollow structure in a lifting manner, and when the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism moves to the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible, the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and the plurality of split bodies jointly enclose a crucible cavity with an opening at the top;
one side of the top of the furnace body is provided with a first vacuum sealing pipeline, a first electromagnetic vacuum valve is arranged on the first vacuum sealing pipeline, the free end of the first vacuum sealing pipeline is connected to a discharge hole of the feeding bin, a hydraulic feeding rod is arranged inside the feeding bin, the feed hole of the feeding bin is connected to the storage bin through a second vacuum sealing pipeline, and a second electromagnetic vacuum valve is arranged on the second vacuum sealing pipeline.
2. The vacuum induction melting furnace for titanium alloy or zirconium alloy ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-cooling copper ingot pulling machine comprises a cooling disc matched with the bottom of the water-cooling copper crucible and a cooling pipeline fixedly connected with the cooling disc, and one end, far away from the cooling disc, of the cooling pipeline penetrates through the bottom of the furnace body and is arranged outside the furnace body.
3. The ingot casting method of the vacuum induction melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
step one, opening a furnace cover, lifting a water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to the bottom of a water-cooled copper crucible, enclosing a cooling disc in the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism and a plurality of split bodies forming the water-cooled copper crucible into a crucible cavity with an opening at the top, and adding prepared ingot casting smelting raw materials into the crucible cavity;
closing the furnace cover, closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve and the second electromagnetic vacuum valve at the same time, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the furnace body is 0.5 Pa;
adding the other prepared ingot smelting raw materials into a storage bin, opening a second electromagnetic vacuum valve, adding the raw materials in the storage bin into a feeding bin, closing the second electromagnetic vacuum valve, and pre-vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the feeding bin is 0.5 Pa;
step four, starting a power supply of the induction coil, gradually increasing the power to 400KW, keeping, and stirring for 2-5 min after all the added raw materials are completely melted to enable the alloy liquid to uniformly flow;
controlling the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism to move downwards, wherein the downward ingot pulling speed is 3-6mm/min, simultaneously opening a first electromagnetic vacuum valve, pushing a hydraulic feeding rod to move to finish the addition of raw materials to the molten metal in the crucible cavity, the feeding speed is 2-4 kg/min, resetting the hydraulic feeding rod after the feeding is finished, and closing the first electromagnetic vacuum valve;
step six, repeating the step three and the step five until all raw materials are added into the crucible cavity, stopping the water-cooled copper ingot pulling mechanism from moving downwards after the step five is completed each time, and then moving downwards again when the step three is completed and the step five is restarted next time;
and step seven, closing a power supply of the induction coil, cooling the smelted melt along with the furnace or filling argon gas to accelerate cooling, and then ascending the water-cooling copper ingot pulling mechanism to obtain the cooled alloy ingot.
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