CN113731494A - Manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 53
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/32—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
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- B01J35/30—
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- B01J35/39—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/802—Visible light
Abstract
The invention discloses a manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal, a preparation method thereof and application of the catalyst in photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal under illumination. The preparation method comprises the following steps: completely soaking melamine sponge in the graphene suspension for a period of time under the ultrasonic condition, taking out the melamine sponge, naturally drying the melamine sponge at room temperature, completely soaking the melamine sponge in a potassium permanganate solution, heating the melamine sponge at 55-65 ℃ for reaction for a period of time, taking out the melamine sponge, washing the melamine sponge, and drying the melamine sponge at room temperature to obtain the manganese-based integrated catalyst for removing formaldehyde by virtue of photo-thermal synergy. The integral catalyst has a three-layer structure of melamine sponge, graphene oxide and manganese oxide, and has remarkable synergistic effect when used for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde under illumination, the surface temperature rise of the catalyst is obvious, and the formaldehyde removal effect is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photo-thermal concerted catalysis, in particular to an integral catalyst for removing formaldehyde by manganese-based photo-thermal concerted catalysis, and preparation and application thereof.
Background
With the economic development and the improvement of living standard of people, more and more interior decoration materials made of various chemical materials are widely used, thereby causing a large amount of indoor air pollution phenomena frequently. Formaldehyde has received much attention as a typical indoor air pollutant, and its benefits in common decorative materials need to last 3-15 years, and it is more dangerous that its colorless, odorless chemical properties can cause people to be inadvertently physically worn. According to the reports of related documents, the influence of formaldehyde on human health is mainly manifested as abnormal smell, abnormal lung function, abnormal liver function, abnormal immune function and abnormal respiratory system; if the formaldehyde is used for a long time in an environment with excessive formaldehyde, the cancer of a nasal cavity, an oral cavity and a digestive tract can be caused, and the high-concentration formaldehyde can poison a nervous system, an immune system and a liver and even cause death. Therefore, it is important to develop new technology and new material for efficiently removing indoor formaldehyde.
Currently, common formaldehyde removal techniques include biological purification, adsorption, low temperature plasma oxidation, low temperature catalytic oxidation, photocatalytic methods, and the like. The biological purification method utilizes the metabolism characteristics of microorganisms to degrade related pollutants, but the method needs to establish a complex biological purification device, and needs to continuously adjust the living environment of the microorganisms in the operation process to ensure that the microorganisms can achieve good pollutant degradation efficiency, so that the operation process becomes complicated and complicated, and the method is not suitable for purifying indoor air pollution. Adsorption, a traditional physical method, does provide better contaminant removal efficiency in smaller indoor spaces, but the re-disposal and re-use of the adsorbent is the major technical limitation of this method. The low-temperature plasma oxidation method and the low-temperature catalytic oxidation method require additional consideration of the supply of electric energy and thermal energy to obtain the initial temperature of the method for the oxidation removal of contaminants, increasing the running cost. The photocatalytic method utilizes ultraviolet light and visible light as light energy to activate a catalyst or pollutants to oxidize and decompose the pollutants, and is regarded as a green and environment-friendly indoor air purification method. However, the method also has the characteristics of low removal efficiency, incomplete reaction and the like for certain specific pollutants, and if the catalytic performance is improved, noble metals are required to be used as active components of the catalyst, so that the synthesis cost of the catalyst is increased.
The photo-thermal concerted catalysis is an air purification method which is researched to have higher heat in recent years, and is characterized in that the characteristic that a catalyst has the characteristic of converting light energy into heat energy is utilized, so that the surface temperature of the catalyst can be raised to the temperature at which pollutants are catalytically oxidized, and the pollutants are promoted to be efficiently oxidized and decomposed. Manganese oxide, as a relatively active transition metal oxide, is used in the catalytic oxidation removal of most air pollutants. According to the literature report, the manganese oxide can completely catalyze and decompose formaldehyde at the temperature close to 80 ℃. However, the photothermal effect is mainly formed by electron-hole formation through orbital transition generated by absorption of photoelectrons in visible light by metal ions in manganese oxide, and the process is far insufficient to reach the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ on the surface. For this reason, it is considered as a possible construction scheme of the photothermal conversion catalytic material to increase the surface temperature of the pollutant oxidation reaction by compounding some carbon black materials on the manganese oxide catalyst to increase the absorption efficiency of the manganese oxide catalyst for the near infrared wavelength in the visible light. The construction of the photo-thermal synergetic catalytic material also needs to consider the optimization of a preparation method, the screening of active components, the blending mode of carbon black materials and the selection of a proper integral carrier, which are also main problems to be solved by the current research direction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems and the defects in the field, the invention provides the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde, which mainly comprises manganese oxide, melamine sponge and graphene oxide and is prepared by a simple precipitation method. The graphene oxide is introduced into the catalyst, so that the absorption of the surface of the catalyst on the near-infrared wavelength in visible light is increased, and the surface temperature of the catalyst is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the melamine sponge is selected as a catalyst carrier, the smooth framework of the melamine sponge is not suitable for loading of metal oxide, but a compact carbon black layer can be formed on the graphene oxide and fully covers the surface of the three-dimensional framework structure of the melamine sponge, so that the absorption of near-infrared wavelength is increased, and the manganese oxide can be promoted to be loaded on the surface of the carbon black layer more easily. In addition, the melamine sponge has a compact three-dimensional framework structure, and also has certain heat gathering and heat transfer effects, so that the overall photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the catalyst is further increased, and the reaction temperature of catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on the surface of manganese oxide is reached.
The preparation method of the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde comprises the following steps: completely soaking melamine sponge in the graphene suspension for a period of time under the ultrasonic condition, taking out the melamine sponge, naturally drying the melamine sponge at room temperature, completely soaking the melamine sponge in a potassium permanganate solution, heating the melamine sponge at 55-65 ℃ for reaction for a period of time, taking out the melamine sponge, washing the melamine sponge, and drying the melamine sponge at room temperature to obtain the manganese-based integrated catalyst for removing formaldehyde by virtue of photo-thermal synergy.
The manganese-based photo-thermal synergistic integral catalyst for removing formaldehyde comprises a three-layer structure of melamine sponge, graphene oxide and manganese oxide from inside to outside. In the preparation method, graphene loaded on the surface of melamine sponge and potassium permanganate perform oxidation-reduction reaction at 55-65 ℃, the graphene becomes graphene oxide, and the potassium permanganate is reduced into manganese oxide loaded on the surface of the graphene oxide.
Preferably, the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehydeThe melamine sponge has a size of 2.5 x 2.5cm3。
Preferably, the concentration of graphene in the graphene suspension is 5-15 mg/mL.
Preferably, the manganese-based monolithic catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde comprises graphene powder and a graphene suspension, wherein the graphene suspension is obtained by ultrasonically dispersing the graphene powder in distilled water.
Preferably, the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde comprises melamine sponge and graphene suspension, wherein the melamine sponge is soaked in the graphene suspension for 5-20 min.
Preferably, the concentration of potassium permanganate in the potassium permanganate solution is 0.01-0.05 mol/L.
Preferably, the heating reaction time of the manganese-based integral catalyst for removing formaldehyde by using photo-thermal synergy is 3-5 h.
The invention also provides application of the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal in photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal under illumination. The light source used for illumination can be a full spectrum wave band, and preferably contains near infrared and infrared wave bands.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:
according to the preparation method, melamine sponge is used as a carrier, graphene is loaded on the melamine sponge, and then the melamine sponge and a potassium permanganate solution are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction at the temperature of 55-65 ℃, so that the monolithic catalyst with a melamine sponge-graphene oxide-manganese oxide three-layer structure is obtained. Further research shows that when the catalyst is used for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde under illumination, melamine sponge, graphene oxide and manganese oxide have remarkable synergistic effect, the surface temperature rise of the catalyst is obvious, and the formaldehyde removal effect is excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the temperature rise of the surface of different samples under light;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the formaldehyde removal effect of different samples under illumination conditions;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of different catalysts.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following examples are conducted under conditions not specified, usually according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Comparative example 1 preparation of a sample of graphene-supported melamine sponge (sponge) (named sponge-G):
step one, 0.16g of graphene powder is dispersed in 20ml of distilled water for ultrasonic treatment to form graphene suspension;
step two, a block of 2.5 x 2.5cm3The melamine sponge (white) was completely soaked in the graphene suspension in the step one for 10 minutes under the ultrasonic condition, and after being taken out, the obtained product was naturally dried at room temperature (the color changed to gray), and the synthesized sample was named sponge-G.
Examples Melamine sponge (sponge) manganese oxide composite (MnO)x) Preparation of Graphene Oxide (GO) monolithic catalyst (named as sponge-G-Mn)
Step one, 0.16g of graphene powder is dispersed in 20ml of distilled water for ultrasonic treatment to form graphene suspension;
step two, a block of 2.5 x 2.5cm3Completely soaking melamine sponge (white) in the graphene suspension in the step one for 10 minutes under the ultrasonic condition, taking out and naturally drying at room temperature (the color is changed into grey);
step three, soaking the sample to 0.025 mol.L-1And heating the solution in a potassium permanganate solution for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, taking out the solution, washing the solution with distilled water, and drying the solution overnight (the color is changed into black) at room temperature to obtain the monolithic manganese oxide composite graphene sponge catalyst which is named as sponge-G-Mn.
Comparative example 2 Melamine sponge (sponge) manganese oxide composite (MnO)x) Catalyst preparation (named sponge-Mn)
By trimerizationThe carbon on the surface of the cyanamide sponge reduces potassium permanganate to generate manganese oxide, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: a piece of 2.5X 2.5cm was placed3Soaking melamine sponge (white) to 0.025 mol.L-1And heating the solution in a potassium permanganate solution at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 5 hours, taking out the solution, washing the solution with distilled water, and drying the solution at room temperature overnight (the color of the solution is changed into coffee), thereby obtaining the monolithic manganese oxide composite graphene sponge catalyst which is named as sponge-Mn.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 preparation of manganese oxide composite graphene oxide catalyst (named G-Mn)
Step one, 0.16g of graphene powder is dispersed in 20ml of distilled water for ultrasonic treatment to form graphene suspension;
step two, preparing 0.025 mol.L-1And adding the potassium permanganate solution into the graphene suspension, heating and stirring for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, obtaining solid powder through the steps of precipitation, centrifugation, washing and the like, and drying overnight (black in color) at room temperature to obtain the manganese oxide composite graphene catalyst, which is named as G-Mn.
And (3) testing the performance of the catalyst:
HCHO degradation Performance testing of various samples of examples and comparative examples 1-3 was performed in a 500mL reactor using a 300W xenon lamp (HSX-F300, Beijing NBet) as the light source. The method comprises the following specific steps: 0.2g of catalyst was placed on a petri dish and placed in the center of the reactor. Then, 2.0. mu.L CHO (37 wt%) solution was injected into the reactor, and slightly heated to completely evaporate the solution, to obtain a gas atmosphere having an initial HCHO concentration of 160 ppm. After cooling the reactor to room temperature, the xenon lamp was turned on to start the catalytic reaction. At given irradiation time intervals, the catalyst surface temperature was measured and 5mL of gas was sampled by syringe and analyzed spectrophotometrically for HCHO concentration using phenol reagent. A blank (blank) with no sample placed and a melamine sponge (sponge) alone were used as controls.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sponge-G sample has the highest surface temperature, part of graphene oxide and light absorption amount are covered by the sponge-G-Mn sample due to the addition of manganese oxide, the highest surface temperature is slightly lower than that of sponge-G, but the highest surface temperature reaches 70 ℃, and the surface thermo-conversion efficiency exceeds that of sponge, sponge-Mn and G-Mn samples. The comparison of the sponge-G-Mn sample with the sponge and the G-Mn sample shows that the melamine sponge has weak heat absorption capacity, but due to the existence of a compact three-dimensional framework structure, when graphene oxide and manganese oxide are loaded on the surface of the melamine sponge, certain heat accumulation and heat transfer effects can be achieved synergistically, the overall photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the catalyst is further improved, and the reaction temperature of formaldehyde in catalytic oxidation on the surface of the manganese oxide is reached.
It can be seen in fig. 2 that the sponge-G-Mn sample has the highest formaldehyde removal efficiency, with formaldehyde catalytic activity due primarily to the increase in surface temperature and the efficient oxidation of manganese oxide.
Fig. 3 shows scanning electron micrographs of melamine sponge and melamine sponge-loaded samples. From fig. 3 it can be seen that the three-dimensional network structure of the melamine sponge (sponge) is clear and the surface is extremely smooth. When the melamine sponge is loaded with graphene (sponge-G), the surface gloss is changed from a smooth surface to a slightly rough surface, and a graphene dense layer is formed. The content of the manganese oxide loaded on the surface of the sponge-G sample is higher than that of the manganese oxide directly formed on the surface of the sponge, and the fact that the manganese oxide loading can be improved by the dense graphene layer is shown.
Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the above description of the present invention, and equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde is characterized by comprising the following steps: completely soaking melamine sponge in the graphene suspension for a period of time under the ultrasonic condition, taking out the melamine sponge, naturally drying the melamine sponge at room temperature, completely soaking the melamine sponge in a potassium permanganate solution, heating the melamine sponge at 55-65 ℃ for reaction for a period of time, taking out the melamine sponge, washing the melamine sponge, and drying the melamine sponge at room temperature to obtain the manganese-based integrated catalyst for removing formaldehyde by virtue of photo-thermal synergy.
2. The manganese-based photothermal synergistic formaldehyde removal monolithic catalyst of claim 1Characterized in that the melamine sponge has a size of 2.5 x 2.5cm3。
3. The manganese-based integrated catalyst for photo-thermal and synergistic formaldehyde removal according to claim 1, wherein the graphene suspension has a graphene concentration of 5-15 mg/mL.
4. The manganese-based monolithic catalyst for photothermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the graphene suspension is obtained by ultrasonic dispersion of graphene powder in distilled water.
5. The monolithic catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde based on manganese as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the time for soaking the melamine sponge in the graphene suspension is 5-20 min.
6. The manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of potassium permanganate in the potassium permanganate solution is 0.01-0.05 mol/L.
7. The manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic removal of formaldehyde according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the heating reaction time is 3-5 h.
8. The application of the manganese-based integral catalyst for photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in photo-thermal synergistic formaldehyde removal under illumination.
9. A preparation method of an integral catalyst for removing formaldehyde by using manganese-based photo-thermal synergy is characterized by comprising the following steps: completely soaking melamine sponge in the graphene suspension for a period of time under the ultrasonic condition, taking out the melamine sponge, naturally drying the melamine sponge at room temperature, completely soaking the melamine sponge in a potassium permanganate solution, heating the melamine sponge at 55-65 ℃ for reaction for a period of time, taking out the melamine sponge, washing the melamine sponge, and drying the melamine sponge at room temperature to obtain the manganese-based integrated catalyst for removing formaldehyde by virtue of photo-thermal synergy.
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| CN107754785A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of graphene manganese oxide composite catalyst for low-temperature catalytic oxidation formaldehyde and preparation method thereof |
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