CN113731103A - Efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment - Google Patents
Efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113731103A CN113731103A CN202111044649.XA CN202111044649A CN113731103A CN 113731103 A CN113731103 A CN 113731103A CN 202111044649 A CN202111044649 A CN 202111044649A CN 113731103 A CN113731103 A CN 113731103A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
Abstract
The invention discloses efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment which mainly comprises an activated carbon adsorption box, a cooling gas device, a secondary heat exchanger, a catalytic combustion device and a PLC (programmable logic controller). The active carbon adsorption box is formed by connecting four or more active carbon adsorption boxes in parallel, the working mode is one-removing multi-absorbing, a single active carbon adsorption box is divided into an upper airflow mixing bin, an active carbon loading bin and a lower airflow mixing bin which are connected through flanges, and a guide plate and an airflow dividing layer are arranged in each of the upper airflow mixing bin and the lower airflow mixing bin; the catalytic combustion device comprises an airflow channel, a heat exchange tube set, a catalyst loading bin and a bin cover, wherein the heat exchange tube set is welded inside the airflow channel, the catalyst loading bin is welded above the airflow channel, and the bin cover is located above the catalyst loading bin and connected through bolts. The structure design is optimized, the air flow is reasonably distributed, the treatment efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, the service lives of the activated carbon and the catalyst are prolonged, and meanwhile, the inactivated activated carbon and the inactivated catalyst are convenient to replace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment.
Background
Adopt the industrial waste gas treatment equipment of active carbon adsorption + catalytic combustion technology to be a neotype waste gas treatment equipment who gets rid of and contain Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), owing to the continuous development and the renewal of technique in recent years, obtain extensive application and popularization in the industrial waste gas treatment field that contains VOCs, its theory of operation is that waste gas gets into volatile organic compounds enrichment facility through the pipeline under the drive of fan, adsorbs the VOCs in the concentrated waste gas, discharges clean gas. When the activated carbon is saturated, hot air flow of about 100 ℃ is introduced into the activated carbon adsorption box 3 to blow off volatile organic compounds adsorbed on the activated carbon, so that the activated carbon is activated and regenerated, simultaneously, waste gas containing high-concentration organic pollutants is formed, the waste gas enters the catalytic combustion device 10 through a pipeline under the drive of the desorption fan 5, the heating device 10-4 and a high-efficiency catalyst are arranged in the catalytic combustion device 10, the temperature is maintained at 250-350 ℃, the organic pollutants in the waste gas are gradually decomposed under the action of the catalyst, the reciprocating circulation and the continuous operation are realized, the purification of the organic waste gas is realized, and the high-concentration pollutants adsorbed by the activated carbon are desorbed by utilizing waste heat.
However, in the current industry, the activated carbon adsorption + catalytic combustion process still has the following disadvantages:
1. the problem of waste gas collection exists in various industries, and the collection efficiency of the unorganized discharged waste gas is low.
2. The structural design of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 and the catalytic combustion device 10 is unreasonable, which causes local stagnation and reduces the purification efficiency.
3. The catalytic combustion device 10 is loaded with a single catalyst, and is difficult to match industrial waste gas containing volatile organic compounds, the components of which are becoming more and more complex.
4. The utilization rate of waste gas containing waste heat is not high, energy waste is caused by direct discharge, and secondary pollution is easily caused to air.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings mentioned in the background art, and provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving treatment device for volatile organic compounds, wherein the treatment device reasonably designs the internal structures of the activated carbon adsorption box 3 and the catalytic combustion device 10, so that the industrial waste gas containing the volatile organic compounds is efficiently and thoroughly treated, and the energy is saved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an efficient and energy-saving treatment device for volatile organic compounds comprises a gas collecting hood, a filter, an activated carbon adsorption box, a cooling gas device, a secondary heat exchanger, a catalytic combustion device, an adsorption fan and a PLC (programmable logic controller); the device is characterized in that the gas collecting hood is connected with a gas inlet of a filter, a gas outlet of the filter is connected with an adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline, the adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of an activated carbon adsorption tank, a gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank is connected with an adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline, the adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of an adsorption fan, and a gas outlet of the adsorption fan is connected with a standard discharge port; the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank is connected with a desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline, the desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of a desorption fan, the gas outlet of the desorption fan is connected with a gas inlet of a catalytic combustion device through a # 1 intermediate pipeline, the gas outlet of the catalytic combustion device is connected with a gas inlet of a secondary heat exchanger, the gas outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with a desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline through a # 2 intermediate pipeline, and the desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank; an air inlet of the activated carbon adsorption box is connected with a cooling air inlet parallel pipeline, and the cooling air inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a cooling air device; the 1# intermediate pipeline is connected with a fresh air inlet, the fresh air inlet is connected with a fresh air fan, the 2# intermediate pipeline is connected with a cold air inlet, the cold air inlet is connected with a cold air fan, and the discharge pipeline is connected with an air outlet of the secondary heat exchanger and an air inlet of the adsorption fan; the active carbon adsorption box, the cooling gas device, the catalytic combustion device and the adsorption fan are respectively connected with the PLC control system.
The gas collecting channel is connected with the pipeline through the flange plate, so that the gas collecting channel with a proper size can be conveniently detached and replaced according to the discharge condition of the unorganized waste gas, and the collection efficiency of the unorganized waste gas is improved.
The activated carbon adsorption box is formed by connecting four or more activated carbon adsorption boxes in parallel through an adsorption air inlet parallel pipeline, a desorption air inlet parallel pipeline, a cooling air parallel pipeline, an adsorption air outlet parallel pipeline and a desorption air outlet parallel pipeline, each activated carbon adsorption box adopts a three-section design, the three-section design of a single activated carbon adsorption box is an upper airflow mixing bin, an activated carbon loading bin and a lower airflow mixing bin respectively, the lower airflow mixing bin is of a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat insulation materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, 5 lower guide plates are arranged inside the lower airflow mixing bin, a lower explosion venting port is arranged outside the lower airflow mixing bin, the lower airflow mixing bin is positioned below the activated carbon loading bin, an upper opening of the lower airflow mixing bin is connected with a lower opening of the activated carbon loading bin through a bolt, a lower airflow dividing layer is arranged at the joint, and an air outlet of the activated carbon adsorption box is arranged at a lower opening of the lower airflow mixing bin; the active carbon loading bin is of a quadrangular structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat insulation materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, the active carbon loading bin is positioned below the upper airflow mixing bin, the lower openings of the active carbon loading bin and the upper airflow mixing bin are connected through bolts, and a right upper airflow dividing layer is arranged at the joint; go up the air current and mix the storehouse and be four prismatic table structures, the skin is the steel material, the intermediate level is insulation material, the inlayer is the back-fire relief coating, inside is provided with 5 pieces of guide plate, the outside is provided with lets out and explodes the mouth, goes up the air current and mixes the storehouse and is located active carbon and loads the storehouse top, goes up the below opening in air current and mixes the storehouse and pass through bolted connection with the top opening in active carbon loading storehouse, and the junction sets up the air inlet that the layer was cut apart to the air current, goes up the top opening active carbon adsorption tank in air current mixing storehouse.
The catalytic combustion device consists of an airflow channel, a heat exchange tube set, a catalyst loading bin and a bin cover, and flame arresters are respectively arranged at an air inlet and an air outlet of the catalytic combustion device; the catalytic combustion device comprises a catalytic combustion device, a heat exchange tube group, a catalyst loading bin, a bin cover, a bolt, 4 explosion venting ports and a heat exchange tube group, wherein the air inlet of the catalytic combustion device is positioned at the bottom and is connected with an airflow channel positioned at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device; the catalyst loading bin is welded inside the catalyst loading bin, 7 metal clapboards are distributed in a vertically staggered mode, the catalyst loading bin is evenly divided into 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size, the 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size are respectively a 1# catalyst layer, a 2# catalyst layer, a 3# catalyst layer and a 4# catalyst layer, the 1# catalyst layer, the 2# catalyst layer and the top and the bottom of the 3# catalyst layer and the 4# catalyst layer are respectively provided with an airflow buffer layer, the inner wall of the airflow buffer layer is provided with metal hemispheres which are distributed irregularly, the middle metal clapboard is provided with a heating device, the 1# catalyst layer is connected with the airflow channel, the 4# catalyst layer is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchange tube group, and an air outlet of the heat exchange tube group is connected with an air outlet of the catalytic combustion device.
Alternatively, the gas collecting hood can be in a conical shape, a quadrangular frustum shape or a special shape with different sizes, and the gas collecting hood is matched with industrial waste gas discharged in an unorganized mode under different conditions.
Alternatively, the gas flow dividing layer is made of stainless steel material, and the holes can be round or square with different sizes, and are selected according to the treatment requirements, so that the treatment efficiency is improved.
Optionally, different types of catalysts can be loaded in the catalyst loading bin, and the types of the catalysts are selected according to the types of volatile organic compounds in the waste gas and the treatment requirement, so that the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect are improved.
Optionally, the heating device is an infrared heating tube and is positioned in the middle metal clapboard of the No. 1 catalyst layer, so that the preheating time of the device can be reduced.
Optionally, each fan is a variable frequency fan, the power of the fan is adjusted through an electric signal, the airflow speed in the processing unit is reasonably controlled, and the source energy is saved.
Alternatively, the inert gas of the cooling gas is nitrogen, which prevents oxidation of the activated carbon at high temperatures.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. this equipment can select suitable gas collecting channel according to different exhaust emission conditions, realizes absorbing waste gas high efficiency. 2. This equipment optimizes active carbon adsorption case and catalytic combustion device inner structure design, and the air current of rational distribution prolongs waste gas dwell time, improves exhaust-gas treatment efficiency, increases the life of active carbon and catalyst. 3. The equipment is connected with a flange by using bolts, so that the activated carbon and the catalyst are convenient to replace. 4. This equipment sets up second grade heat transfer device, and waste gas heat energy is retrieved in grades, reduces the system energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an efficient and energy-saving treatment apparatus for volatile organic compounds according to the present invention.
The device comprises a gas collecting hood 1, a filter 2, an activated carbon adsorption box 3, a cold air fan 4, a desorption fan 5, a cooling air device 6, a flame arrester 7, a secondary heat exchanger 8, an adsorption fan 9, a catalytic combustion device 10, a fresh air fan 11, a PLC control system 12, a cold air inlet 13, a fresh air inlet 14, a standard discharge port 15, a desorption air inlet parallel pipeline 16, a cooling air inlet parallel pipeline 17, an adsorption air inlet parallel pipeline 18, a desorption air outlet parallel pipeline 19, an adsorption air outlet parallel pipeline 20, a discharge pipeline 21, a 1# intermediate pipeline 22-1 and a 2# intermediate pipeline 22-2.
Fig. 2 is a 3 sectional view of an activated carbon adsorption tank of the efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment.
3-1 parts of air inlet, 3-2 parts of upper airflow mixing bin, 3-3 parts of upper guide plate, 3-4 parts of upper explosion venting port, 3-5 parts of upper airflow dividing layer, 3-6 parts of activated carbon loading bin, 3-7 parts of lower explosion venting port, 3-8 parts of lower guide plate, 3-9 parts of air outlet, 3-10 parts of lower airflow mixing bin and 3-11 parts of lower airflow dividing layer.
Fig. 3 is a top view of an activated carbon adsorption tank of the efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustion device of an efficient and energy-saving treatment device for volatile organic compounds according to the present invention.
The device comprises an air inlet 10-1, an air flow channel 10-2, a heat exchange tube group 10-3, a heating device 10-4, a catalyst loading bin 10-5, an air flow buffer layer 10-6, a metal hemispheroid 10-7, a metal partition plate 10-8, a bin cover 10-9, an explosion venting port 10-10, a No. 1 catalyst layer 10-11, a No. 2 catalyst layer 10-12, a No. 3 catalyst layer 10-13, a No. 4 catalyst layer 10-14 and an air outlet 10-15.
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
As shown in the attached drawings, the efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment comprises a gas collecting hood 1, a filter 2, an activated carbon adsorption tank 3, a cooling gas device 6, a secondary heat exchanger 8, a catalytic combustion device 10, an adsorption fan 9 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 12; the device is characterized in that the gas collecting hood 1 is connected with a gas inlet of a filter 2, a gas outlet of the filter 2 is connected with an adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 18, the adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 18 is connected with a gas inlet 3-1 of an activated carbon adsorption tank 3, a gas outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with an adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 20, the adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 20 is connected with a gas inlet of an adsorption fan 9, and a gas outlet of the adsorption fan 9 is connected with a standard discharge port 15; a gas outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with a desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 19, the desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 19 is connected with a gas inlet of a desorption fan 5, a gas outlet of the desorption fan 5 is connected with a gas inlet 10-1 of a catalytic combustion device 10 through a # 1 middle pipeline 22-1, a gas outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10 is connected with a gas inlet of a secondary heat exchanger 8, a gas outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 8 is connected with a desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 16 through a # 2 middle pipeline 22-2, and the desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 16 is connected with a gas inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3; an air inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with a cooling air inlet parallel pipeline 17, and the cooling air inlet parallel pipeline 17 is connected with a cooling air device 6; the 1# intermediate pipeline 22-1 is connected with a fresh air inlet 14, the fresh air inlet 14 is connected with a fresh air fan 11, the 2# intermediate pipeline is connected with a cold air inlet 13, the cold air inlet 13 is connected with a cold air fan 4, and the discharge pipeline 21 is connected with an air outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 8 and an air inlet of the adsorption fan 9; the activated carbon adsorption box 3, the cooling gas device 6, the catalytic combustion device 10 and the adsorption fan 9 are connected with a PLC control system 12.
The gas collecting channel 1 is connected with the pipeline through the flange plate, so that the gas collecting channel 1 with a proper size can be conveniently detached and replaced according to the discharge condition of the unorganized waste gas, and the collection efficiency of the unorganized waste gas is improved.
The activated carbon adsorption box 3 is formed by connecting four or more activated carbon adsorption boxes 3 in parallel through an adsorption air inlet parallel pipeline 18, a desorption air inlet parallel pipeline 16, a cooling air parallel pipeline 17, an adsorption air outlet parallel pipeline 20 and a desorption air outlet parallel pipeline 19, each activated carbon adsorption box 3 is designed in a three-stage mode, the three-stage mode of a single activated carbon adsorption box 3 is respectively an upper air flow mixing bin 3-2, an activated carbon loading bin 3-6 and a lower air flow mixing bin 3-10, wherein the lower air flow mixing bin 3-10 is of a quadrangular frustum structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat-insulating materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, 5 lower guide plates 3-8 are arranged inside, a lower explosion venting port 3-7 is arranged outside, the lower air flow mixing bin 3-10 is positioned below the activated carbon loading bin 3-6, an upper opening of the lower air flow mixing bin 3-10 is connected with a lower opening of the activated carbon loading bin 3-6 through bolts Then, a lower airflow partition layer 3-11 is arranged at the joint, and an air outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is arranged at the lower opening of the lower airflow mixing bin 3-10; the active carbon loading bin 3-6 is of a quadrangular structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat insulation materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, the active carbon loading bin 3-6 is positioned below the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2, the lower openings of the active carbon loading bin 3-6 and the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 are connected through bolts, and the right upper airflow dividing layer 3-5 is arranged at the joint; the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is of a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat-insulating materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, 5 pieces of upper guide plates 3-3 are arranged inside the upper airflow mixing bin, an upper explosion vent 3-4 is arranged outside the upper airflow mixing bin, the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is positioned above the activated carbon loading bin 3-6, a lower opening of the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is connected with an upper opening of the activated carbon loading bin 3-6 through a bolt, an upper airflow partition layer 3-5 is arranged at the joint, and an air inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption box 3 is opened above the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2.
The catalytic combustion device 10 is composed of an airflow channel 10-2, a heat exchange tube group 10-3, a catalyst loading bin 10-5 and a bin cover 10-9, and flame arresters 7 are respectively arranged at an air inlet 10-1 and an air outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10; an air inlet 10-1 of the catalytic combustion device 10 is positioned at the bottom, the air inlet 10-1 is connected with an airflow channel 10-2 positioned at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device 10, a heat exchange tube set 10-3 is positioned inside the airflow channel 10-2, a catalyst loading bin 10-5 is positioned above the airflow channel 10-2, a bin cover 10-9 is positioned above the catalyst loading bin 10-5, the bin cover 10-9 is connected with the catalyst loading bin 10-5 through bolts, and 4 explosion venting ports 10-10 are formed in the bin cover 10-9; the catalyst loading bin 10-5 is welded inside the catalyst loading bin, 7 metal clapboards 10-8 are distributed in a vertically staggered mode and evenly divided into 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size, the 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size are respectively a 1# catalyst layer 10-11, a 2# catalyst layer 10-12, a 3# catalyst layer 10-13 and a 4# catalyst layer 10-14, airflow buffer layers 10-6 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the 1# catalyst layer 10-11, the 2# catalyst layer 10-12, the 3# catalyst layer 10-13 and the 4# catalyst layer 10-14, metal hemispheres 10-7 distributed irregularly are arranged on the inner wall of the airflow buffer layer 10-6, a heating device 10-4 is arranged on the middle metal clapboard 10-8, wherein the 1# catalyst layer 10-11 is connected with an airflow stack 10-2, the No. 4 catalyst layer 10-14 is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchange tube group 10-3, and an air outlet of the heat exchange tube group 10-3 is connected with an air outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10.
Specifically, as shown in the attached drawings, the efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment comprises a gas collecting hood 1, a filter 2, an activated carbon adsorption tank 3, a cooling gas device 6, a secondary heat exchanger 8, a catalytic combustion device 10, an adsorption fan 9 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 12; the device is characterized in that the gas collecting hood 1 is connected with a gas inlet of a filter 2, a gas outlet of the filter 2 is connected with an adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 18, the adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 18 is connected with a gas inlet 3-1 of an activated carbon adsorption tank 3, a gas outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with an adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 20, the adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 20 is connected with a gas inlet of an adsorption fan 9, and a gas outlet of the adsorption fan 9 is connected with a standard discharge port 15; a gas outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with a desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 19, the desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline 19 is connected with a gas inlet of a desorption fan 5, a gas outlet of the desorption fan 5 is connected with a gas inlet 10-1 of a catalytic combustion device 10 through a # 1 middle pipeline 22-1, a gas outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10 is connected with a gas inlet of a secondary heat exchanger 8, a gas outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 8 is connected with a desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 16 through a # 2 middle pipeline 22-2, and the desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 16 is connected with a gas inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3; an air inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is connected with a cooling air inlet parallel pipeline 17, and the cooling air inlet parallel pipeline 17 is connected with a cooling air device 6; the 1# intermediate pipeline 22-1 is connected with a fresh air inlet 14, the fresh air inlet 14 is connected with a fresh air fan 11, the 2# intermediate pipeline is connected with a cold air inlet 13, the cold air inlet 13 is connected with a cold air fan 4, and the discharge pipeline 21 is connected with an air outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 8 and an air inlet of the adsorption fan 9; the activated carbon adsorption box 3, the cooling gas device 6, the catalytic combustion device 10 and the adsorption fan 9 are connected with a PLC control system 12.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a high-efficiency energy-saving treatment device for volatile organic compounds is characterized in that the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is formed by connecting four or more activated carbon adsorption tanks 3 in parallel through an adsorption air inlet parallel pipeline 18, a desorption air inlet parallel pipeline 16, a cooling air parallel pipeline 17, an adsorption air outlet parallel pipeline 20 and a desorption air outlet parallel pipeline 19, each activated carbon adsorption tank 3 adopts a three-section design, the three-section design of a single activated carbon adsorption tank 3 is respectively an upper air flow mixing bin 3-2, an activated carbon loading bin 3-6 and a lower air flow mixing bin 3-10, wherein the lower air flow mixing bin 3-10 is of a four-prism structure, the outer layer is made of steel material, the middle layer is made of heat insulation material, the inner layer is made of a fire-retardant coating, 5 lower guide plates 3-8 are arranged inside, a lower explosion vent 3-7 is arranged outside, and the lower air flow mixing bin 3-10 is positioned below the activated carbon loading bin 3-6, the upper opening of the lower airflow mixing bin 3-10 is connected with the lower opening of the activated carbon loading bin 3-6 through a bolt, a lower airflow partition layer 3-11 is arranged at the joint, and the lower opening of the lower airflow mixing bin 3-10 is an air outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption box 3; the active carbon loading bin 3-6 is of a quadrangular structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat insulation materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, the active carbon loading bin 3-6 is positioned below the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2, the lower openings of the active carbon loading bin 3-6 and the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 are connected through bolts, and the right upper airflow dividing layer 3-5 is arranged at the joint; the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is of a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat-insulating materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, 5 pieces of upper guide plates 3-3 are arranged inside the upper airflow mixing bin, an upper explosion vent 3-4 is arranged outside the upper airflow mixing bin, the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is positioned above the activated carbon loading bin 3-6, a lower opening of the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 is connected with an upper opening of the activated carbon loading bin 3-6 through a bolt, an upper airflow partition layer 3-5 is arranged at the joint, and an air inlet 3-1 of the activated carbon adsorption box 3 is opened above the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2.
As shown in fig. 4, the efficient and energy-saving treatment equipment for volatile organic compounds is characterized in that a catalytic combustion device 10 is composed of an airflow channel 10-2, a heat exchange tube group 10-3, a catalyst loading bin 10-5 and a bin cover 10-9, and flame arresters 7 are respectively arranged at an air inlet 10-1 and an air outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10; an air inlet 10-1 of the catalytic combustion device 10 is positioned at the bottom, the air inlet 10-1 is connected with an airflow channel 10-2 positioned at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device 10, a heat exchange tube set 10-3 is positioned inside the airflow channel 10-2, a catalyst loading bin 10-5 is positioned above the airflow channel 10-2, a bin cover 10-9 is positioned above the catalyst loading bin 10-5, the bin cover 10-9 is connected with the catalyst loading bin 10-5 through bolts, and 4 explosion venting ports 10-10 are formed in the bin cover 10-9; the catalyst loading bin 10-5 is welded inside the catalyst loading bin, 7 metal clapboards 10-8 are distributed in a vertically staggered mode and evenly divided into 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size, the 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size are respectively a 1# catalyst layer 10-11, a 2# catalyst layer 10-12, a 3# catalyst layer 10-13 and a 4# catalyst layer 10-14, airflow buffer layers 10-6 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the 1# catalyst layer 10-11, the 2# catalyst layer 10-12, the 3# catalyst layer 10-13 and the 4# catalyst layer 10-14, metal hemispheres 10-7 distributed irregularly are arranged on the inner wall of the airflow buffer layer 10-6, a heating device 10-4 is arranged on the middle metal clapboard 10-8, wherein the 1# catalyst layer 10-11 is connected with an airflow stack 10-2, the No. 4 catalyst layer 10-14 is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchange tube group 10-3, and an air outlet of the heat exchange tube group 10-3 is connected with an air outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10.
The working method of the efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment comprises the following steps:
waste gas is collected by a gas collecting hood 1, enters a filtering device 2 under the drive of an adsorption fan 9, is removed from substances which are not allowed to enter the equipment, passes through an adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 18, enters an upper airflow mixing bin 3-2 from a gas inlet 3-1 of an activated carbon adsorption box 3, is equally divided into 6 small airflows under the action of a 5-piece guide plate 3-3 in the upper airflow mixing bin 3-2, the 6 small airflows are divided into finer airflows by an upper division airflow layer 3-5 and enter an activated carbon loading bin 3-6, volatile organic matters in the concentrated waste gas are adsorbed by activated carbon in the activated carbon loading bin 3-6, the obtained purified waste gas passes through the activated carbon loading bin 3-6 and sequentially passes through a lower airflow division layer 3-11 and a lower guide plate 3-8 to flow out from a gas outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon box 3, enters the adsorption fan 9 through the adsorption outlet parallel pipeline 20 and is finally discharged from the standard discharge port 15.
When activated carbon is adsorbed to saturation, a fresh air fan 11 is started, fresh air is sucked from a fresh air inlet 14, desorption air flow is formed under the drive of a desorption fan 5, the desorption air flow is heated in a catalytic combustion device 10, flows through a secondary heat exchanger 8, then enters an upper air flow mixing bin 3-2 from an air inlet 3-1 of an activated carbon adsorption box 3 through a desorption air inlet parallel pipeline 16, is equally divided into 6 small air flows under the action of 5 sheet guide plates 3-3 in the upper air flow mixing bin 3-2, the 6 small air flows are divided into finer air flows through an upper division air flow layer 3-5, enter an activated carbon loading bin 3-6, volatile organic matters adsorbed on the activated carbon are blown off by the desorption air flow, and flow flows out from an air outlet 3-9 of the activated carbon adsorption box 3 along with the air flows through a lower air flow division layer 3-11 and a lower guide plate 3-8, the desorbed gas enters a desorption fan 5 through a desorption gas parallel pipeline 19, then enters a catalytic combustion device 10 through a No. 1 intermediate pipeline 22-1 from a gas inlet 10-1 of the catalytic combustion device 10, desorbed gas flow enters an air flow channel 10-2 from the gas inlet 10-1, heat emitted by a heat exchange tube group 10-3 is absorbed in the air flow channel 10-2, the temperature is raised to 150 ℃, the desorbed gas flow enters a No. 1 catalytic layer 10-11, the desorbed gas flow flows in a roundabout manner in a U-shaped catalytic layer and continuously flows through the catalytic layer and an air flow buffer layer 10-6, a heating device 10-4 in the catalytic layer heats the catalyst and the desorbed gas flow to enable the temperature to reach 250-350 ℃ (the heating device 10-4 is started to heat the catalyst and the desorbed gas flow when the device is started to operate, the heating device 10-4 is closed after the desorption gas flow is stabilized, and the temperature is maintained by the heat released by catalytic combustion), volatile organic compounds are decomposed on the surface of the catalyst, after the volatile organic compounds with incomplete decomposition enter the airflow buffer layer 10-6, due to the fact that the metal hemispheroids 10-7 are distributed irregularly, the volatile organic compounds are uniformly mixed again in the airflow buffer layer 10-6 and enter the next catalyst layer, desorption airflow sequentially passes through the No. 1 catalyst layer 10-11, the No. 2 catalyst layer 10-12, the No. 3 catalyst layer 10-13 and the No. 4 catalyst layer 10-14, and then enters the heat exchange layerThe pipe group 10-3 emits heat, the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃, the heat is discharged from a gas outlet 10-15 of the catalytic combustion device 10 and enters a secondary heat exchanger 8, the temperature is further reduced to 100 ℃, desorption gas flow returns to the activated carbon adsorption tank 3 through a desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline 16 from a No. 2 middle pipeline 22-2, so that internal circulation is formed, and waste gas is circulated in the device and the pipeline by repeating the steps; in the process, when the outlet air temperature of the secondary heat exchanger 8 exceeds 120 ℃, the cold air fan 4 is started to reduce the temperature of the air flow entering the activated carbon adsorption tank 3; when the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the desorption gas flow is lower than 50mg/m3When the desorption gas flow is driven by the adsorption fan 9, the desorption gas flow is discharged from the standard discharge port 15 through the discharge pipeline 21.
After the activated carbon adsorption box 3 finishes desorption, the cooling gas device 6 leads cooling gas to the activated carbon adsorption box 3 through the cooling gas parallel pipeline 17, so that the temperature of the activated carbon is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and the adsorption capacity is obtained again.
The efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment further comprises a safety system which is arranged aiming at the main treatment unit: flame arresters 7 arranged in front of and behind the catalytic combustion device 10 prevent open fire from entering the pipeline; an upper explosion venting port 3-4 and a lower explosion venting port 3-7 with pressure smaller than the stress borne by the pipeline are arranged on the activated carbon adsorption tank 3, an explosion venting port 10-10 is arranged on the catalytic combustion device 10, and when the pressure is too high, the pressure is actively discharged to prevent the pipeline from cracking; when the temperature of the activated carbon adsorption box 3 is too high, the cooling gas device 6 is filled with cooling gas to prevent the activated carbon from being ignited.
The efficient energy-saving treatment equipment for the volatile organic compounds further comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system 12, wherein the concentration of the volatile organic compounds entering a main treatment unit is interlocked with the running power of the desorption fan 5, a plurality of preset pollutant concentration values are set, when the pollutant concentration is higher than the preset values, the PLC control system 12 automatically adjusts the running power target value of the desorption fan 5, the circulating combustion speed of waste gas is accelerated, the fan is controlled to be in the most efficient working state, the power loss of the fan is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the stability of waste treatment is improved; the desorption gas flow temperature and the power of the cold air fan 13 are interlocked, the preset value of the desorption gas flow temperature is set, and when the desorption gas flow temperature is higher than the preset value, the PLC control system 12 automatically adjusts the target value of the running power of the cold air fan 13, increases the cold air inlet amount and reduces the desorption gas flow temperature.
Claims (4)
1. An efficient and energy-saving treatment device for volatile organic compounds comprises a gas collecting hood, a filter, an activated carbon adsorption box, a cooling gas device, a secondary heat exchanger, a catalytic combustion device, an adsorption fan and a PLC (programmable logic controller); the device is characterized in that the gas collecting hood is connected with a gas inlet of a filter, a gas outlet of the filter is connected with an adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline, the adsorption gas inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of an activated carbon adsorption tank, a gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank is connected with an adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline, the adsorption gas outlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of an adsorption fan, and a gas outlet of the adsorption fan is connected with a standard discharge port; the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank is connected with a desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline, the desorption gas outlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of a desorption fan, the gas outlet of the desorption fan is connected with a gas inlet of a catalytic combustion device through a # 1 intermediate pipeline, the gas outlet of the catalytic combustion device is connected with a gas inlet of a secondary heat exchanger, the gas outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with a desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline through a # 2 intermediate pipeline, and the desorption gas inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tank; an air inlet of the activated carbon adsorption box is connected with a cooling air inlet parallel pipeline, and the cooling air inlet parallel pipeline is connected with a cooling air device; the 1# intermediate pipeline is connected with a fresh air inlet, the fresh air inlet is connected with a fresh air fan, the 2# intermediate pipeline is connected with a cold air inlet, the cold air inlet is connected with a cold air fan, and the discharge pipeline is connected with an air outlet of the secondary heat exchanger and an air inlet of the adsorption fan; the active carbon adsorption box, the cooling gas device, the catalytic combustion device and the adsorption fan are respectively connected with the PLC control system.
2. The efficient and energy-saving volatile organic compound treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the gas collecting hood is connected with the pipeline through a flange, so that the gas collecting hood with a proper size can be conveniently detached and replaced according to the discharge condition of the inorganics waste gas, and the collection efficiency of the inorganics waste gas is improved.
3. The efficient energy-saving treatment equipment for volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon adsorption tank is composed of four or more activated carbon adsorption tanks connected in parallel through an adsorption inlet parallel pipeline, a desorption inlet parallel pipeline, a cooling gas parallel pipeline, an adsorption outlet parallel pipeline and a desorption outlet parallel pipeline, each activated carbon adsorption tank is of a three-stage design, the three-stage design of a single activated carbon adsorption tank is respectively an upper airflow mixing bin, an activated carbon loading bin and a lower airflow mixing bin, wherein the lower airflow mixing bin is of a quadrangular frustum structure, the outer layer is made of steel material, the middle layer is made of heat-insulating material, the inner layer is made of fire-retardant coating, the inside is provided with 5 lower flow guide plates, the outside is provided with lower explosion vents, the lower airflow mixing bin is positioned below the activated carbon loading bin, and the upper opening of the lower airflow mixing bin is connected with the lower opening of the activated carbon loading bin through bolts, a lower airflow dividing layer is arranged at the joint, and an opening below the lower airflow mixing bin is an air outlet of the activated carbon adsorption box; the active carbon loading bin is of a quadrangular structure, the outer layer is made of steel materials, the middle layer is made of heat insulation materials, the inner layer is a fire retardant coating, the active carbon loading bin is positioned below the upper airflow mixing bin, the lower openings of the active carbon loading bin and the upper airflow mixing bin are connected through bolts, and a right upper airflow dividing layer is arranged at the joint; go up the air current and mix the storehouse and be four prismatic table structures, the skin is the steel material, the intermediate level is insulation material, the inlayer is the back-fire relief coating, inside is provided with 5 pieces of guide plate, the outside is provided with lets out and explodes the mouth, goes up the air current and mixes the storehouse and is located active carbon and loads the storehouse top, goes up the below opening in air current and mixes the storehouse and pass through bolted connection with the top opening in active carbon loading storehouse, and the junction sets up the air inlet that the layer was cut apart to the air current, goes up the top opening active carbon adsorption tank in air current mixing storehouse.
4. The efficient and energy-saving treatment equipment for the volatile organic compounds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the catalytic combustion device is composed of an airflow channel, a heat exchange tube set, a catalyst loading bin and a bin cover, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the catalytic combustion device are respectively provided with a flame arrester; the catalytic combustion device comprises a catalytic combustion device, a heat exchange tube group, a catalyst loading bin, a bin cover, a bolt, 4 explosion venting ports and a heat exchange tube group, wherein the air inlet of the catalytic combustion device is positioned at the bottom and is connected with an airflow channel positioned at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device; the catalyst loading bin is welded inside the catalyst loading bin, 7 metal clapboards are distributed in a vertically staggered mode, the catalyst loading bin is evenly divided into 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size, the 4U-shaped catalyst layers with the same size are respectively a 1# catalyst layer, a 2# catalyst layer, a 3# catalyst layer and a 4# catalyst layer, the 1# catalyst layer, the 2# catalyst layer and the top and the bottom of the 3# catalyst layer and the 4# catalyst layer are respectively provided with an airflow buffer layer, the inner wall of the airflow buffer layer is provided with metal hemispheres which are distributed irregularly, the middle metal clapboard is provided with a heating device, the 1# catalyst layer is connected with the airflow channel, the 4# catalyst layer is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchange tube group, and an air outlet of the heat exchange tube group is connected with an air outlet of the catalytic combustion device.
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