CN113729737A - Swallowing treatment method and system based on mirror image neurons - Google Patents
Swallowing treatment method and system based on mirror image neurons Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a swallowing treatment method based on mirror image neurons and a system thereof, wherein the swallowing treatment method comprises the following steps: a treatment video making link: the therapeutic video production link comprises recording swallowing videos, wherein the swallowing videos comprise three swallowing actions: normal swallowing, fluoroscopy swallowing, and swallowing in an anatomical state; a treatment plan preparation link: by acquiring the information of the patient and selecting the swallowing actions in different stages as a treatment plan according to the information of the patient; a treatment link: the information card of discernment patient gets the treatment video, and the patient uses VR equipment, watches the treatment video in proper order and imitates the study, gathers patient's deglutition muscle group surface myoelectric signal simultaneously and inputs the information card, and compares with the deglutition muscle group surface myoelectric signal of normal contrast person to show the patient with the contrast result in step. The invention provides the patient with immersive treatment experience, has more pertinence and timely feedback, improves the treatment effect and shortens the treatment course.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a swallowing treatment method and system based on mirror image neurons.
Background
More than 200 million new stroke patients are added in China every year, stroke is the disease which causes disability and causes the highest life loss of patients in all diseases in China, and the burden is expected to be further increased due to aging of population, continuous high incidence of risk factors (such as hypertension) and poor management. An epidemiological survey of the prevalence of swallowing disorders in China showed that 51.14% of 2872 stroke hospitalized patients enrolled in the study had swallowing disorders (1469/2872). Stroke participants are subdivided into two subgroups according to the time after stroke onset: the acute phase is defined as within three weeks after stroke, the chronic phase is defined as more than three weeks after stroke, and the dysphagia rate of patients with acute stroke is slightly lower than that of patients with chronic stroke (46.3% and 58.8%, respectively). Therefore, a large number of dysphagia patients after stroke exist in China. Dysphagia is a serious complication following stroke, which is associated with dehydration, malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia and an increased risk of death.
However, to date, there are limited treatment methods for stroke dysphagia, and the traditional treatment methods mainly include: alternative feeding methods, dietary adjustments, behavioral and postural techniques, peripheral sensory motor stimulation techniques or active exercise aimed at enhancing selected muscle group function, improving motor time at the onset of swallowing. These methods are intended to ensure the safety and sufficient food intake of patients with dysphagia after stroke, and although these methods all play a certain role in treating stroke dysphagia, it is still difficult to rapidly and effectively improve stroke dysphagia in terms of the current effects. Therefore, rehabilitation of stroke dysphagia is also a challenge to be solved urgently in the field of rehabilitation at present.
Swallowing is a complex sensory motor involving the interaction between the cerebral cortex and the subcortical nerves, and the main factors affecting stroke patients' dysphagia are two-fold: the part of the brain injury, the neuron activation degree of the brain swallowing related cortex during swallowing. Currently, treatment of dysphagia is challenging for each stroke rehabilitation team due to the different stroke patients having different sites of brain damage, coupled with the complexity of swallowing itself.
With the discovery and continuous and intensive research on Mirror Neuron (MN), a new concept for rehabilitation therapy of stroke dysphagia is generated. Mirror neurons are a unique class of neurons that discharge when an individual performs a given motor action, as well as when an individual observes that another individual performs a motor action with a similar goal. Mirror neurons were initially found in rhesus monkeys, and subsequently neurons with mirror properties were found in many cortical areas of the brain in monkeys and other species, including humans. Current theory of cognitive neuroscience indicates that mirror neurons are the core of the basic neural mechanisms of action recognition, motor intent coding, and motor learning, and previous research reveals the neuron mechanism of mirror neurons that matches perception and action as well as cognition and motion, and allows for action recognition and understanding; in other words, observing that another person's actions can activate the brain regions associated with performing the action and then induce the same behavior, it has been found in current studies that MN is present in many brain regions of the human brain, and by mirroring neurons, dysphagia can be treated.
In clinical work, it was found that many stroke patients with swallowing disorders have impaired swallowing function to varying degrees, but their ability to observe and understand the actions of others is not lost, and swallowing is also a partially observable action, with MN associated with swallowing being present in the human brain. The swallowing action observation therapy based on the MN theory can improve the swallowing disorder of the cerebral apoplexy patients and can promote the activation of the brain area related to the swallowing function of the cerebral apoplexy dysphagia patients. At present, research shows that swallowing action observation can be used for exciting a swallowing function-related mirror neuron to achieve the effect of improving the swallowing function of a patient with stroke dysphagia.
However, at present, external stimulation is mainly used for treating patients with stroke dysphagia, mirror image neuron stimulation is used for assisting, and the patients are only treated in a matching way by commonly playing swallowing videos, so that the treatment effect is limited and the treatment course is too long.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the swallowing treatment method and system based on the mirror image neurons, so that the immersive swallowing treatment process completely based on the mirror image neurons is realized, the treatment effect is improved, and the treatment course can be shortened.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a mirror neuron-based method of swallowing therapy comprising:
s1 therapeutic video production link: the therapeutic video production link comprises recording swallowing videos, wherein the swallowing videos comprise three swallowing actions: normal swallowing, X-ray perspective swallowing and swallowing in an anatomical state, converting the recorded swallowing video into VR video and storing the VR video in three different partitions, wherein the three different partitions are respectively used for storing the three different swallowing actions;
s1.1 the normal swallowing action, the X-ray perspective swallowing action and the swallowing action in the anatomical state all comprise the following six stages of swallowing behaviors: the first stage is as follows: no object swallowing, second stage: drinking water swallow, third stage: liquid food swallowing, fourth stage: semi-liquid food swallowing, fifth stage: soft food swallowing, sixth stage: swallowing common food;
s2 preparing a treatment planning link: by acquiring the information of the patient and selecting the swallowing actions in different stages as a treatment plan according to the information of the patient;
s2.1 the patient information includes: acquiring diseased information of a swallowing organ of a patient through examination, and recording the diseased information into an information card;
s2.2 the selection process comprises the following steps: reading the patient information in the information card, selecting swallowing actions in different stages as treatment videos according to the severity of the patient information, and synchronously inputting the treatment information into the information card;
s3 treatment link: identifying an information card of a patient, calling a treatment video, using VR equipment by the patient, sequentially watching the treatment video and performing simulated learning, simultaneously acquiring a surface electromyographic signal of a deglutition muscle group of the patient, inputting the surface electromyographic signal into the information card, comparing the surface electromyographic signal with a surface electromyographic signal of the deglutition muscle group of a normal contrast person, and synchronously displaying a comparison result to the patient;
s3.1 in the treatment link, according to the information card of the patient, the corresponding swallowing behavior videos in different stages are displayed and learned for the patient according to normal swallowing behavior, X-ray perspective swallowing behavior and swallowing behavior in an anatomical state in sequence;
s3.2 in the treatment link, according to the comparison result of the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups, the deglutition action videos of different times and durations are given to the patient to watch the treatment.
In several embodiments, in S2.2, an RFID tag is used as an information card, and is made into a bracelet to be worn on the patient.
In several embodiments, at S3, the RFID reader is used to read and identify the patient information from the information card.
In several embodiments, in the above S3, the surface electromyography signals of the deglutition muscle groups of the normal contrast persons include surface electromyography signals of deglutition behaviors of a plurality of normal contrast persons of different age groups in six stages under the normal deglutition, the fluoroscopy deglutition, and the deglutition in an anatomical state.
In several embodiments, in S3.2, the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups of the deglutition behaviors of the patient in different stages under different deglutition actions are compared with the surface electromyographic signals of the corresponding deglutition muscle groups of the normal contrast person to generate a comparison graph, and the comparison graph is used for displaying and observing the patient through a VR device.
In several embodiments, S3 further includes S3.3, and in S3.3, after the patient finishes the treatment on the current day, the treatment information of the patient is collected and entered into the information card, and the operation is repeated from S2.2 before the next treatment is performed.
The invention also provides a swallowing therapy system based on mirror image neurons, which is used for the therapy method and comprises the following components:
the VR module is used for playing swallowing action videos for a patient, and the swallowing action videos comprise normal swallowing actions, X-ray perspective swallowing actions and swallowing actions in an anatomical state; the system comprises an electromyographic signal acquisition module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the electromyographic signal acquisition module is used for acquiring surface electromyographic signals of deglutition muscle groups of patients; the system comprises an electromyographic signal comparison module, an information display module and a data processing module, wherein the electromyographic signal comparison module is used for comparing the collected surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle group of the patient with the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle group of a contrast person and sending the comparison result to the information display module; and the information display module is used for displaying the comparison result to the patient in the form of patterns or voice.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: based on the mirror image neuron theory, the VR immersive video therapy at different stages is adopted for the patient by combining the actual situation of the patient, the VR immersive video therapy is integrally divided into three partitions of normal swallowing action, X-ray perspective swallowing action and swallowing action in an anatomical state, the stimulation of the swallowing action of the patient from inside to outside is conveniently received, and accurate and effective response is made, and meanwhile, six stages are adopted, namely a first stage: no object swallowing, second stage: drinking water swallow, third stage: liquid food swallowing, fourth stage: semi-liquid food swallowing, fifth stage: soft food swallowing, sixth stage: common food swallowing is performed, and swallowing behavior videos in different stages are adopted for treating patients with mild diseases to severe diseases in a targeted manner, so that targeted and personalized treatment is realized; the patient information is input and read in an RFID mode, and the information of the patient is updated in time, so that the treatment of each time is ensured to be the treatment aiming at the latest information of the patient, meanwhile, an accurate patient treatment scheme is ensured, and the wrong treatment schemes of other patients are prevented from being applied to the patient due to manual operation errors; carry out data analysis to the patient through swallowing muscle group surface electromyographic signal, first-selected can remind the patient through picture or pronunciation whether to target in place the action of swallowing, make things convenient for the patient to adjust and have an effect and effectively treat, can be through data analysis simultaneously, be convenient for carry out the treatment of repetition stage to the patient until meeting the standard, more accurate and have pertinence.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present disclosure.
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a mirror neuron-based swallowing therapy flow diagram in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting and/or limiting of the invention.
Example 1
The swallowing treatment system based on the mirror image neuron mainly comprises: the system comprises a VR module 100, an electromyographic signal acquisition module 200, an electromyographic signal comparison module 300 and an information display module 400.
Be used for patient's broadcast swallowing action video through VR module 100, swallowing action video mainly includes the swallowing action under normal swallowing action, the X line perspective swallowing action and the muscle anatomy state, and the VR module is including recording swallowing video, swallowing video includes three kinds of swallowing actions: normal swallowing, X-ray perspective swallowing and swallowing under the anatomical condition, will record the swallowing video of accomplishing and change into VR video and store in three different subregion, and above-mentioned three kinds of swallowing all include six kinds of stages's swallowing, the first stage: no object swallowing, second stage: drinking water swallow, third stage: liquid food swallowing, fourth stage: semi-liquid food swallowing, fifth stage: soft food swallowing, sixth stage: the ordinary food is swallowed.
The myoelectric signal collecting module 200 is used for collecting surface myoelectric signals of deglutition muscle groups of patients, the myoelectric signal comparing module 300 is used for comparing the collected surface myoelectric signals of the deglutition muscle groups of the patients with the surface myoelectric signals of the deglutition muscle groups of contrasters, and the comparison result is sent to the information display module, the information display module 400 is used for displaying the comparison result to the patients in the form of patterns or voice, generally, the information display module 400 is matched with a VR module in the form of patterns, the patterns are displayed to the patients by the VR module, and the information is broadcasted to the patients through devices such as a power amplifier in the form of voice.
The specific treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a treatment video making link: the therapeutic video production link comprises recording swallowing videos, wherein the swallowing videos comprise three swallowing actions: normal swallowing, X-ray perspective swallowing and swallowing in an anatomical state, and the recorded swallowing video is converted into VR video and stored in three different partitions, and the three different partitions are respectively used for storing the three different swallowing.
And the normal swallowing action, the X-ray perspective swallowing action and the swallowing action in the anatomical state all comprise the following six stages of swallowing behaviors: the first stage is as follows: no object swallowing, second stage: drinking water swallow, third stage: liquid food swallowing, fourth stage: semi-liquid food swallowing, fifth stage: soft food swallowing, sixth stage: the liquid food is liquid and easy to swallow, such as but not limited to soybean milk, rice soup, meat juice, fruit juice and the like, the semi-liquid food is easy to chew and semi-liquid, such as but not limited to porridge, noodles, wonton, bean curd and the like, the soft food is soft and mushy, such as but not limited to soft rice and the like, and the common food is generally digestible and non-irritant food, such as but not limited to rice and the like.
And secondly, a link of preparing a treatment plan specifically comprises the steps of acquiring patient information and selecting swallowing actions in different stages as the treatment plan according to the patient information.
Wherein, acquire patient's the sick information of swallowing the organ through the inspection, and will sicken in the information card is typeeed to information, adopt RFID electronic tags as the information card, store patient's information, and make into the bracelet and wear on the patient, make things convenient for the discernment of patient's identity and information, of course, can also make into forms such as drop, as long as satisfy the patient hand-carry and be difficult for losing can, through reading the disease information in the information card, can select the swallowing action in different stages as the treatment video according to the severity of disease information, and in step, treat information typing information card, the severity is lower, then can select the swallowing action in higher stage to study, the severity is higher, then need the swallowing action that the preference stage is lower to study.
And the treatment link is followed, the treatment link mainly comprises an information card for identifying the patient, the information card is specifically read and identified by an RFID reader, so that a corresponding treatment video is called, the patient uses VR equipment to sequentially watch the treatment video and perform simulated learning, and specifically, the corresponding swallowing behavior videos in different stages are displayed and learned for the patient according to the normal swallowing behavior, the X-ray perspective swallowing behavior and the swallowing behavior in an anatomical state sequentially according to the information card of the patient.
The method comprises the steps of simultaneously collecting surface electromyographic signals of deglutition muscle groups of a patient, inputting the surface electromyographic signals into an information card, comparing the surface electromyographic signals with the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups of normal contrasters, synchronously displaying the comparison result to the patient, wherein the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition behaviors of the deglutition muscle groups of the normal contrasters comprise surface electromyographic signals of six stages of deglutition behaviors of a plurality of normal contrasters in different age groups under normal deglutition actions, X-ray perspective deglutition actions and anatomical states, taking 10 volunteers with normal bodies in each age group as contrasts according to groups of three age groups of children, adults and the elderly, and averaging the obtained electromyographic signals to obtain the electromyographic signals of the normal contrasters to be used as contrasts.
Then, according to the comparison result of the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups, the patients are given deglutition action video watching treatment with different times and duration, generally, the treatment is divided into three time periods in one day, 8 o 'clock to 10 o' clock in the morning, 12 o 'clock to 2 o' clock in the noon and 6 o 'clock to 8 o' clock in the evening, the patients with the contrast similarity of more than 10% and less than 30% are given full-time treatment of the three time periods, the deglutition action video from the first stage to the second stage is selected, the patients with the contrast similarity of more than 30% and less than 60% are given full-time treatment of the three time periods, the deglutition action video from the first stage to the third stage is selected, the patients with the contrast similarity of more than 60% and less than 80% are given full-time treatment of the three time periods, the deglutition action video from the first stage to the fourth stage is selected, and the patients with the contrast similarity of more than 80% and less than 100%, the patients are treated at the full time of the three time periods, the swallowing behavior videos of the first stage to the sixth stage are selected, one hour is taken for treatment in each of the three time periods for the patients with the contrast similarity below 10%, the swallowing behavior videos of the first stage and the second stage are selected, the patients are prevented from having bored emotion, and meanwhile the patients are given good rest.
Specifically, the swallowing muscle group surface electromyographic signals of the swallowing behaviors of the patient in different stages under different swallowing actions are compared with the corresponding swallowing muscle group surface electromyographic signals of a normal contrast person to generate a comparison graph, the comparison graph is displayed and observed on the patient through VR equipment, or the comparison condition of the patient is informed in a voice mode, so that the patient can know the situation and adjust the situation in time.
And finally, after the patient finishes the treatment on the current day, collecting the treatment information of the patient, recording the treatment information into the information card, reading the patient information again before the next treatment, making a treatment plan, and repeating the treatment link according to the treatment plan until the patient obtains a normal swallowing function.
It should be noted that the video playing for swallowing action for the patient is not limited to VR devices, but may be conventional flat panel display video devices, such as tablet, notebook, desktop computer with display screen, all-in-one machine, and so on.
The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All manner of description herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
The present invention describes preferred embodiments, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Of course, variations of these preferred embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The inventors envision that the variations may be used as appropriate by those skilled in the art and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Moreover, any and all possible variations of the above-described elements are encompassed by the present invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
Claims (7)
1. A method of mirror neuron-based swallowing therapy, comprising:
s1 therapeutic video production link: the therapeutic video production link comprises recording swallowing videos, wherein the swallowing videos comprise three swallowing actions: normal swallowing, X-ray perspective swallowing and swallowing in an anatomical state, converting the recorded swallowing video into VR video and storing the VR video in three different partitions, wherein the three different partitions are respectively used for storing the three different swallowing actions;
s1.1 the normal swallowing action, the X-ray perspective swallowing action and the swallowing action in the anatomical state all comprise the following six stages of swallowing behaviors: the first stage is as follows: no object swallowing, second stage: drinking water swallow, third stage: liquid food swallowing, fourth stage: semi-liquid food swallowing, fifth stage: soft food swallowing, sixth stage: swallowing common food;
s2 preparing a treatment planning link: by acquiring the information of the patient and selecting the swallowing actions in different stages as a treatment plan according to the information of the patient;
s2.1 the patient information includes: acquiring diseased information of a swallowing organ of a patient through examination, and recording the diseased information into an information card;
s2.2 the selection process comprises the following steps: reading the patient information in the information card, selecting swallowing actions in different stages as treatment videos according to the severity of the patient information, and synchronously inputting the treatment information into the information card;
s3 treatment link: identifying an information card of a patient, calling a treatment video, using VR equipment by the patient, sequentially watching the treatment video and performing simulated learning, simultaneously acquiring a surface electromyographic signal of a deglutition muscle group of the patient, inputting the surface electromyographic signal into the information card, comparing the surface electromyographic signal with a surface electromyographic signal of the deglutition muscle group of a normal contrast person, and synchronously displaying a comparison result to the patient;
s3.1 in the treatment link, according to the information card of the patient, the corresponding swallowing behavior videos in different stages are displayed and learned for the patient according to normal swallowing behavior, X-ray perspective swallowing behavior and swallowing behavior in an anatomical state in sequence;
s3.2 in the treatment link, according to the comparison result of the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups, the deglutition action videos of different times and durations are given to the patient to watch the treatment.
2. A swallowing therapy method based on mirror image neuron as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2.2, RFID tag is used as information card and made into bracelet to be worn on patient.
3. A swallowing therapy method based on mirror image neuron as claimed in claim 2, wherein in S3, the information card is read and identified with RFID reader for patient information.
4. The method for mirror image neuron based swallowing therapy according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups of the normal contrast persons comprise surface electromyographic signals of six stages of deglutition behaviors of a plurality of normal contrast persons of different age groups under the normal deglutition behaviors, the fluoroscopy deglutition behaviors and the deglutition behaviors in an anatomical state.
5. The method for swallowing therapy based on mirror image neurons of claim 4, wherein in S3.2, the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle groups of patients in different stages of deglutition behaviors under different swallowing actions are compared with the surface electromyographic signals of the corresponding deglutition muscle groups of normal contrast persons to generate a contrast map, and the contrast map is used for displaying and observing the patients through a VR device.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein S3 includes S3.3, and in S3.3, after the patient finishes the current day of treatment, the patient' S treatment information is collected and recorded in the information card, and the operation is repeated from S2.2 before the next treatment.
7. A mirror neuron based swallowing therapy system comprising:
the VR module is used for playing swallowing action videos for a patient, and the swallowing action videos comprise normal swallowing actions, X-ray perspective swallowing actions and swallowing actions in an anatomical state;
the system comprises an electromyographic signal acquisition module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the electromyographic signal acquisition module is used for acquiring surface electromyographic signals of deglutition muscle groups of patients;
the system comprises an electromyographic signal comparison module, an information display module and a data processing module, wherein the electromyographic signal comparison module is used for comparing the collected surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle group of the patient with the surface electromyographic signals of the deglutition muscle group of a contrast person and sending the comparison result to the information display module;
and the information display module is used for displaying the comparison result to the patient in the form of patterns or voice.
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