CN1137278C - 准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料 - Google Patents

准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料 Download PDF

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CN1137278C
CN1137278C CNB00111624XA CN00111624A CN1137278C CN 1137278 C CN1137278 C CN 1137278C CN B00111624X A CNB00111624X A CN B00111624XA CN 00111624 A CN00111624 A CN 00111624A CN 1137278 C CN1137278 C CN 1137278C
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CN1264746A (zh
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洲 徐
徐洲
李志强
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

本发明以粒子尺寸小于100μm的A1CuFe准晶颗粒增强镁基合金，增强颗粒的体积分数≤50%，准晶成分为：AlaCubFec，其中：a+b+c＝100为原子百分比，60≤a≤66，22≤b≤27，11≤c≤15，基体材料成分为：MgaAlbXcMd，其中：a+b+c+d＝100为重量百分比，80≤a≤100，0≤b≤15，0≤c≤3，0≤d≤2，X表示Mn，Zn的一种或两种，M表示Ce，Zr，Cu，Ni，Si，Fe，Be中的至少一种。

Description

准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料
本发明涉及的是一种准晶颗粒增强复合材料，尤其是一种准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料，属于复合材料的设计和制造类领域。
准晶属于新兴材料，同超导体一道被列为80年代凝聚态物理两大重大进展，不仅带来了传统晶体学的一场革命，而且对材料科学的各个领域产生了深远的影响。经过十余年的研究，人们已经基本了解该材料的结构、制备和性能，初步认识到其应用潜力。如法国学者研制出准晶不粘锅，近期的研究成果又揭示出准晶作为隔热、储氢和吸收太阳能材料的前景。准晶材料具有较高的硬度、低的摩擦系数、不粘性、耐蚀、耐热、耐磨等良好的综合性能，这些性能与陶瓷相似，可以作为复合材料增强相。日本学者制备出数微米大小的准晶粉末，然后按适当比例均匀混合Al粉(＜0.2mm)和准晶粉，再进行热压，含25％准晶的材料具有最佳硬度，达1200N·mm-2。准晶从结构角度看是一种新的物质形态，但实质上它们仅在特定的金属合金中形成，是成分范围较窄的金属间化合物，所以与铝、镁等金属有较好的相容性和浸润性，这对于简化颗粒增强复合材料的制备工艺是至关重要的。经对现有技术的文献检索，发现美国爱荷华州立大学能源部Ames实验室的Suleyman B.Biner等人申报了“雾化准晶颗粒增强复合材料及该材料的制备方法”的发明专利(美国专利5851317申请日为：Dec.22，1998)。该发明采用AlCuFe准晶颗粒增强铝及铝合金，得到颗粒增强铝基复合材料。其中，准晶颗粒由雾化方法制得，颗粒尺寸1-100μm。该复合材料可以采用热等静压、热压、冷压等各种压缩方法制备，增强颗粒的体积分数为5-70％。但该发明的基体材料是仅考虑铝及铝合金，没有考虑镁及镁合金；准晶颗粒仅采用雾化方法制得，没有考虑机械粉碎方法；复合材料的制备仅采用固体压缩方法，而没有考虑液态搅拌凝固方法。
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，特别是扩大了准晶颗粒增强复合材料设计和制造的范围，提出了一种准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料。
本发明的技术方案和发明内容如下：
本发明选用AlCuFe准晶颗粒作为镁合金基体增强材料，AlCuFe准晶除具有准晶材料的优良性能以外，同时其成分为三种最常用金属，原料来源丰富；AlCuFe准晶在热力学上稳定，属于稳定准晶，可以用任何一种常规合金制备方法来制备，只要熔化成分准确的合金料，浇铸成型，再进行适当的热处理即可，所以AlCuFe准晶的制备也是很方便的。本发明的基体材料成分选择如下：MgaAlbXcMd，其中：a+b+c+d＝100表示重量百分比，
    80≤a≤100，
    0≤b≤15，
    0≤c≤3，
    0≤d≤2，
X表示Mn，Zn的一种或两种；M表示Ce，Zr，Cu，Ni，Si，Fe，Be中的至少一种，
本发明的增强材料选用AlCuFe准晶颗粒，准晶颗粒在复合材料中的体积百分比即体积分数≤50％，颗粒的直径即粒子尺度≤100μm。其准晶成分选择如下原子百分比：AlaCubFec，其中：a+b+c＝100表示原子百分比，
    60≤a≤66，
    22≤b≤27，
    11≤c≤15。
以下根据上述基体材料成分和准晶颗粒成分的选择，分别提供本发明三种组分的实施例：
基体成分(重量百分比)：
No.1  100％Mg
No.2  89％Mg，9.0％Al，0.5％Mn，0.5％Zn，0.5％Si，0.3％Cu，0.1％Ni，0.1％Fe
No.3 80％Mg，15.0％Al，1.6％Mn，1.4％Zn，1.0％Si，0.5％Cu，0.3％Ni，
0.2％Fe
准晶颗粒成分(原子百分比)：
63％Al，25％Cu，12％Fe
准晶材料采用真空熔炼后于800℃进行24小时加热处理。采用机械粉碎方法制成约50μm的准晶颗粒。
采用搅拌铸造方法，将一定量的准晶颗粒加入氩气氛保护下的700℃熔融镁合金中，搅拌约10分钟后浇铸成锭。
本发明具有实质性特点和显著进步，现选用AZ91镁合金和AZ91-13％SiCP复合材料进行对比，SiCP的下标P表示颗粒，颗粒大小约为20μm左右，AZ91镁合金的化学成分为：8.1-9.3％Al，≥0.13％Mn，0.40-1.0％Zn，≤0.30％Si，≤0.10％Cu，≤0.01％Ni，≤0.30％其他元素，其余为Mg。本发明与AZ91镁合金相比可以显著提高基体的强度、硬度、耐磨性和热稳定性，同时具有细化晶粒作用。与陶瓷颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料相比，在保持其优点的同时，还具有不损害韧性，材料的制备、加工相对简单，回收利用方便，不会增加环境的负荷的优点。本发明中准晶颗粒的体积分数为15％，经410℃1小时热处理后测试其性能，其性能和效果指标对比如下：
材料     弹性模量GPa   屈服强度MPa   拉伸强度MPa   延伸率％
  No.1     43.2     113.4     143.5     2.5
  No.2     50.8     121.3     154.2     2.0
  No.3     52.1     125.2     155.6     1.6
  AZ91     34.3     102.9     140.7     4.1
  AZ91-13％SiCP     49.0     120.4     152.3     0.7

Claims (2)

1、一种准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料，其特征在于以粒子尺度小于100μm的AlCuFe准晶颗粒增强镁基合金，增强颗粒的体积分数≤50％，准晶成分为：AlaCubFec，其中：a+b+c＝100为原子百分比，
    60≤a≤66，
    22≤b≤27，
    11≤c≤15，
基体材料成分为：MgaAlbXcMd，其中：a+b+c+d＝100为重量百分比，
    80≤a≤100，
    0≤b≤15，
    0≤c≤3，
    0≤d≤2，
X表示Mn，Zn的一种或两种，M表示Ce，Zr，Cu，Ni，Si，Fe，Be中的至少一种。
2、一种准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于准晶材料采用真空熔炼后于800℃进行24小时加热处理，采用机械粉碎方法制成约50μm的准晶颗粒，采用搅拌铸造方法，将一定量的准晶颗粒加入氩气氛保护下的700℃熔融镁合金中，搅拌约10分钟后浇铸成锭。
CNB00111624XA 2000-01-28 2000-01-28 准晶颗粒增强镁基复合材料 Expired - Fee Related CN1137278C (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101709417B (zh) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-08 南京信息工程大学 镁基原位复合材料及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1316048C (zh) * 2005-04-07 2007-05-16 上海交通大学 镀铜碳化硅颗粒增强镁基复合材料
CN105331866B (zh) * 2015-10-14 2017-06-23 济南大学 一种Mg‑Zn‑Gd准晶增强的AZ91镁合金及其制备方法
CN111139433A (zh) * 2018-11-02 2020-05-12 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 锅具及其制备方法和烹饪器具

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101709417B (zh) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-08 南京信息工程大学 镁基原位复合材料及其制备方法

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