CN113726233A - Stepping motor drive circuit and stepping motor - Google Patents

Stepping motor drive circuit and stepping motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113726233A
CN113726233A CN202111015719.9A CN202111015719A CN113726233A CN 113726233 A CN113726233 A CN 113726233A CN 202111015719 A CN202111015719 A CN 202111015719A CN 113726233 A CN113726233 A CN 113726233A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
capacitor
resistor
motor driving
phase
double
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CN202111015719.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈海雯
白蕊
陈志强
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Gosuncn Technology Group Co Ltd
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Gosuncn Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111015719.9A priority Critical patent/CN113726233A/en
Publication of CN113726233A publication Critical patent/CN113726233A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors of the kind having motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/12—Control or stabilisation of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors of the kind having motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/36—Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating, step-out; Indicating faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors of the kind having motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/36—Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating, step-out; Indicating faults
    • H02P8/38—Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating, step-out; Indicating faults the fault being step-out

Abstract

The present invention provides a stepping motor driving circuit, comprising: the DC-DC booster circuit is used for receiving power supply voltage and boosting the power supply voltage to obtain boosted power supply voltage; the rectification filter circuit is connected with the DC-DC booster circuit and is used for rectifying and filtering the boosted power supply voltage to obtain a driving voltage; and the motor driving circuit is connected with the rectification filter circuit and used for controlling the movement of the stepping motor according to the driving voltage, and the motor driving circuit comprises a plurality of filter capacitors on the input side of the driving voltage and on an A-phase bridge arm and a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor. The invention improves the driving voltage of the stepping motor, increases the bearing capacity of the stepping motor, is not limited by the pan-tilt motor, and effectively solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the stepping motor of the existing security camera in the limited space of the pan-tilt is insufficient.

Description

Stepping motor drive circuit and stepping motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a stepping motor driving circuit and a stepping motor.
Background
The stepping motor is widely applied to the fields of industrial machines, security, medical treatment, consumer electronics and the like. In the field of security monitoring, when a security camera judges the direction of a monitored target object, various motion commands are mainly sent to a pan-tilt and a ball machine through a microprocessor, and a stepping motor is driven to enable the camera to complete horizontal rotation and vertical overturning. Most of existing holders are provided with a horizontal motor and a vertical motor, but due to the limitation of the size of the holder, a stepping motor with small size and large bearing capacity is often required to be selected. Such stepper motors often require customization and are relatively costly. In addition, the power supply voltage of the stepping motor is mainly direct current 12V or 24V, which causes a problem: the horizontal motor can drive the load to move, and the vertical motor can drive the load to not move. This is because the vertical motor needs to provide a thrust force to move upward in addition to overcoming the gravity when moving, and thus a large-torque stepper motor is required. If the moment of the stepping motor is small, the bearing capacity is small, and the stepping motor can lose step or even can not normally run when driving the load exceeding the bearing capacity. The prior art uses a method of increasing current to increase torque, but the method can cause the stepping motor to generate heat seriously and even damage the motor.
Therefore, the driving circuit of the stepping motor of the existing security camera is limited by the space of the holder, and the problem of insufficient bearing capacity exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stepping motor driving circuit and a stepping motor, and aims to solve the problem that the existing stepping motor driving circuit of a security camera is insufficient in bearing capacity.
The present invention is achieved as such, and a stepping motor drive circuit includes:
the DC-DC booster circuit is used for receiving power supply voltage and boosting the power supply voltage to obtain boosted power supply voltage;
the rectification filter circuit is connected with the DC-DC booster circuit and is used for rectifying and filtering the boosted power supply voltage to obtain a driving voltage;
and the motor driving circuit is connected with the rectification filter circuit and used for controlling the movement of the stepping motor according to the driving voltage, and the motor driving circuit comprises a plurality of filter capacitors on the input side of the driving voltage and on an A-phase bridge arm and a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor.
Optionally, the motor drive circuit comprises:
the device comprises a controller, a motor driving chip and an H-bridge circuit;
the controller is communicated with the motor driving chip through an SPI (serial peripheral interface);
the MOSFET driver unit of the motor driving chip is connected with the H-bridge circuit;
the controller can send an enabling signal to the motor driving chip to close or open an H-bridge circuit connected with the motor driving chip;
the output voltage of the rectification filter circuit is connected to a motor power supply voltage pin of the motor driving chip and used for providing electric energy for an upper bridge arm of the H-bridge circuit;
and the H-bridge circuit is used for controlling the work of the stepping motor.
Optionally, the H-bridge circuit comprises a first H-bridge circuit and a second H-bridge circuit;
the first H-bridge circuit and the second H-bridge circuit are respectively connected with the motor driving chip, the first H-bridge circuit forms a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor, and the second H-bridge circuit forms an A-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor.
Optionally, the first H-bridge circuit includes a first double N-channel MOS transistor, a second double N-channel MOS transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a first sampling resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor;
the first double N-channel MOS tube forms a lower bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the second double N-channel MOS tube forms an upper bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the first double N-channel MOS tube are respectively connected with a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the second double N-channel MOS tube; a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the first double N-channel MOS tube are connected with a first end of a first sampling resistor, a second end of the first sampling resistor is grounded, a common node between a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the second double N-channel MOS tube and a first end of a second capacitor and a first end of a third capacitor is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the second capacitor and a second end of the third capacitor are connected to the ground in a common mode;
a first grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a fifth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase first low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a second grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a sixth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with a seventh resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase sampling resistor end of the motor driving chip, a second end of the first sampling resistor is connected with an eighth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase sampling resistor ground end of the motor driving chip, and a seventh capacitor is connected with the first sampling resistor in parallel;
a second drain electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fourth resistor and a first end of a sixth capacitor, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a second middle node (BMB2 end) of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the sixth capacitor is grounded;
a first drain electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a third resistor and a first end of a fifth capacitor, a second end of the third resistor is connected with a first middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is grounded;
the positive end of a B-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected with a first capacitor in series to a second intermediate node of the B-phase bridge arm, and the positive end of a B-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected with a fourth capacitor in series to a first intermediate node of the B-phase bridge arm;
and a second grid electrode of the second double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a first resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase second high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and a first grid electrode of the second double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a second resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase first high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip.
Optionally, the first H-bridge circuit further includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth diode;
the negative electrode of the first secondary tube is connected to a first middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the first secondary tube is grounded;
the cathode of the second diode is connected to a second middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the second diode is grounded;
the third diode is connected with the first resistor in parallel, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the B-phase second high-side gate drive output end of the motor drive chip, and the anode of the third diode is connected with the second gate of the second double-N-channel MOS transistor;
and the fourth diode is connected with the sixth resistor in parallel, the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with the B-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the second grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor.
Optionally, the second H-bridge circuit includes a third double N-channel MOS transistor, a fourth double N-channel MOS transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a second sampling resistor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a twelfth capacitor, a thirteenth capacitor, and a fourteenth capacitor;
the third double-N-channel MOS tube forms a lower bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube forms an upper bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube are respectively connected with a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the fourth double N-channel MOS tube; a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube are connected with a first end of the second sampling resistor, a second end of the second sampling resistor is grounded, a common node between a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the fourth double N-channel MOS tube and a first end of the tenth capacitor and a first end of the eleventh capacitor is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the tenth capacitor and a second end of the eleventh capacitor are connected to the ground in common;
a second grid electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a sixteenth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A second low-end grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first grid electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a tenth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A first low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first end of the second sampling resistor is connected with an eleventh resistor in series and is connected to a phase A sampling resistor end of the motor driving chip, a second end of the second sampling resistor is connected with a twelfth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A sampling resistor ground end of the motor driving chip, and a twelfth capacitor is connected with the second sampling resistor in parallel;
a second drain electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fifteenth resistor and a first end of a fourteenth capacitor C42, a second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a second middle node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the fourteenth capacitor is grounded;
a first drain electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fourteenth resistor and a first end of a thirteenth capacitor, a second end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with a first middle node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the thirteenth capacitor is grounded;
the positive end of the A-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected in series with the eighth capacitor to the A-phase bridge arm second intermediate node, and the positive end of the A-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected in series with the ninth capacitor to the A-phase bridge arm first intermediate node;
and a second grid electrode of the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a thirteenth resistor in series and is connected to the A-phase second high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and a first grid electrode of the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a ninth resistor in series and is connected to the A-phase first high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip.
Optionally, the second H-bridge circuit further includes a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, and an eighth diode;
the negative electrode of the fifth diode is connected to the first middle node of the A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the fifth diode is grounded;
the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to a second intermediate node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the sixth diode is grounded;
the seventh diode is connected with the thirteenth resistor in parallel, the negative electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the A-phase second high-side gate driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the second gate of the fourth double N-channel MOS transistor;
and the eighth diode is connected with the sixteenth resistor in parallel, the negative electrode of the eighth diode is connected with the A-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the eighth diode is connected with the second grid electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube.
Optionally, the rectifying and filtering circuit includes: the rectifier diode, the inductor, the fifteenth capacitor, the sixteenth capacitor, the seventeenth capacitor, the eighteenth capacitor, the nineteenth capacitor, the twentieth capacitor and the twenty-first capacitor;
the positive pole of the rectifier diode is connected with the output end of the DC-DC booster circuit, and the negative pole of the rectifier diode is connected with the first end of the inductor;
the second end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit;
and the fifteenth capacitor, the sixteenth capacitor, the seventeenth capacitor, the eighteenth capacitor, the nineteenth capacitor, the twentieth capacitor and the twenty-first capacitor are connected between the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the ground in parallel.
The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the DC-DC boost circuit inputs a power supply voltage of 24V, and the boosted power supply voltage is 34V.
A stepping motor comprising a stepping motor drive circuit as described above.
The stepping motor driving circuit comprises a DC-DC booster circuit, wherein the DC-DC booster circuit is used for receiving power supply voltage and boosting the power supply voltage to obtain boosted power supply voltage; the rectification filter circuit is connected with the DC-DC booster circuit and is used for rectifying and filtering the boosted power supply voltage to obtain a driving voltage; and the motor driving circuit is connected with the rectification filter circuit and is used for controlling the movement of the stepping motor according to the driving voltage, and the motor driving circuit comprises a plurality of filter capacitors on the input side of the driving voltage and the A-phase bridge arm and the B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor, so that ringing is effectively reduced. The invention improves the driving voltage of the stepping motor, increases the bearing capacity of the stepping motor, is not limited by the pan-tilt motor, and effectively solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the stepping motor of the existing security camera in the limited space of the pan-tilt is insufficient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stepping motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stepper motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an H-bridge circuit in a driving circuit of a stepping motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rectifying and filtering circuit in a stepping motor driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to solve the problem that the bearing capacity of a stepping motor is small in a limited space of a holder, the embodiment of the invention provides a driving circuit of the stepping motor, which increases the bearing capacity of the stepping motor and meets the requirement of the holder motor by improving the driving voltage of the stepping motor and ensuring that the driving voltage is within a safe power utilization range.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the stepping motor driving circuit includes:
the DC-DC boost circuit 10, the DC-DC boost circuit 10 is configured to receive a power supply voltage, and boost the power supply voltage to obtain a boosted power supply voltage;
the rectification filter circuit 20 is connected with the DC-DC boost circuit 10, and the rectification filter circuit 20 is configured to perform rectification filtering on the boosted power supply voltage to obtain a driving voltage;
and the motor driving circuit 30 is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 20, and the motor driving circuit 30 is configured to control the movement of the stepping motor according to the driving voltage, where the motor driving circuit 30 includes a plurality of filter capacitors on an input side of the driving voltage and on an a-phase bridge arm and a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor.
The stepping motor driving circuit is arranged in the holder and used for controlling the stepping motor to enable the camera to rotate horizontally and turn vertically. The DC-DC boost circuit 10 boosts an input power voltage to an output voltage required by the stepping motor, and the boosted current satisfies a maximum current when the stepping motor operates, so as to improve a driving voltage of the stepping motor and ensure that the driving voltage is within a safe power utilization range. Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, the power supply voltage input by the DC-DC boost circuit 10 is 24V, and the boosted power supply voltage is 34V.
The rectifying and filtering circuit 20 rectifies and filters the output voltage boosted by the DC-DC boost circuit 10, and the rectified and filtered voltage is sent to the motor driving circuit 30 as the driving voltage of the stepping motor.
The motor drive circuit 30 controls the operation of the stepping motor. All logics of the stepping motor are completed through the motor driving circuit 30, software is not needed to control the motor, and the movement and control of the stepping motor can be realized only by providing a target position. The motor driving circuit 30 includes a plurality of filter capacitors on the input side of the driving voltage and the a-phase bridge arm and the B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor, so that ringing is effectively reduced.
The stepping motor driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the driving voltage of the stepping motor, increases the bearing capacity of the stepping motor, is not limited by the pan-tilt motor, and effectively solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the stepping motor of the existing security camera in the limited space of the pan-tilt is insufficient.
Alternatively, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the motor drive circuit 30 includes:
a controller 31, a motor driving chip 32, and an H-bridge circuit 33;
the controller 31 communicates with the motor driving chip 32 through an SPI interface;
the MOSFET driver unit of the motor driving chip 32 is connected to the H-bridge circuit 33;
the controller 31 may send an enable signal to the motor driver chip 32 to turn off or turn on the H-bridge circuit 33 connected to the motor driver chip 32;
the output voltage of the rectifying and filtering circuit 20 is connected to a motor power supply voltage pin of the motor driving chip 32, and is used for providing electric energy for an upper bridge arm of the H-bridge circuit 33;
the H-bridge circuit 33 is used to control the operation of the stepper motor.
Specifically, a motor power supply voltage input end of the motor driving chip 32 is connected to an output end of the rectification filter circuit 20, an SPI interface and an enable end EN are respectively connected to the controller 31, and an output end of the MOSFET driver unit is connected to the H-bridge circuit 33;
the H-bridge circuit 33 is connected to a stepping motor.
The controller 31 is configured to enable the motor driver chip 32, the motor driver chip 32 is configured to generate a driving signal, and the H-bridge circuit 33 is configured to control the stepper motor to operate according to the driving signal.
Here, the controller 31 drives the stepping motor by enabling the motor driving chip 32. The motor driver chip 32 carries all the control logic for the stepper motor. The H-bridge circuit 33 includes a first H-bridge circuit and a second H-bridge circuit; the first H-bridge circuit and the second H-bridge circuit are respectively connected to the motor driver chip 32, the first H-bridge circuit constitutes a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor, and the second H-bridge circuit constitutes an a-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor. The motor driving chip 32 changes the currents of the a-phase bridge arm and the B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor according to the target position provided by the controller 31, thereby realizing the motion and control of the stepping motor.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of an H-bridge circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The first H-bridge circuit comprises a first double-N-channel MOS tube Q1, a second double-N-channel MOS tube Q2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a first sampling resistor RF1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7;
the first double-N-channel MOS tube Q1 forms a lower bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the second double-N-channel MOS tube Q2 forms an upper bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
the first drain D1 and the second drain D2 of the first double-N channel MOS transistor Q1 are respectively connected to the first source S1 and the second source S2 of the second double-N channel MOS transistor Q2; a first source S1 and a second source S2 of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1 are connected with a first end of a first sampling resistor RF1, a second end of the first sampling resistor RF1 is grounded, a common node between a first drain D1 and a second drain D2 of the second double-N-channel MOS transistor Q2 and a first end of a second capacitor C2 and a first end of a third capacitor C3 is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the second capacitor C2 and a second end of the third capacitor C3 are connected with the ground in a common mode;
a first gate G1 of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected in series with a fifth resistor R5 to a B-phase first low-side gate drive output end LB1 of the motor drive chip, a second gate G2 is connected in series with a sixth resistor R6 to a B-phase second low-side gate drive output end LB2 of the motor drive chip 32, a first end of a first sampling resistor RF1 is connected in series with a seventh resistor R7 to a B-phase sampling resistor SRBH of the motor drive chip 32, a second end of the first sampling resistor RF1 is connected in series with an eighth resistor R8 to a B-phase sampling resistor ground end SRBL of the motor drive chip 32, and a seventh capacitor C7 is connected in parallel with the first sampling resistor RF 1;
a second drain D2 of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1 is further coupled to a first end of a fourth resistor R4 and a first end of a sixth capacitor C6, a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a second intermediate node BMB2 of the B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and a second end of the sixth capacitor C6 is grounded;
a first drain electrode D1 of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected in parallel to a first end of a third resistor R3 and a first end of a fifth capacitor C5, a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a first middle node BMB1 of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and a second end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded;
the positive terminal CB2 of the B-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip 32 is connected in series with the first capacitor C1 to the second intermediate node BMB2 of the B-phase bridge arm, and the positive terminal CB1 of the B-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip 32 is connected in series with the fourth capacitor C4 to the first intermediate node BMB1 of the B-phase bridge arm;
the second gate G2 of the second double N-channel MOS Q2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 to the B-phase second high-side gate driving output terminal HB2 of the motor driving chip 32, and the first gate G1 is connected in series with the second resistor R2 to the B-phase first high-side gate driving output terminal HB1 of the motor driving chip 32.
The second H-bridge circuit comprises a third double-N-channel MOS transistor Q3, a fourth double-N-channel MOS transistor Q4, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, second sampling resistors RF2-35, an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, a twelfth capacitor C12, a thirteenth capacitor C13 and a fourteenth capacitor C14;
the third double-N-channel MOS tube Q3 forms a lower bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube Q4 forms an upper bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
a first drain D1 and a second drain D2 of the third double N-channel MOS transistor Q3 are respectively connected to a first source S1 and a second source S2 of the fourth double N-channel MOS transistor Q4; a first source S1 and a second source S2 of the third double N-channel MOS transistor Q3 are connected with a first end of a second sampling resistor RF2, a second end of the second sampling resistor RF2 is grounded, a common node between a first drain D1 and a second drain D2 of the fourth double N-channel MOS transistor Q4 and a first end of a tenth capacitor C10 and a first end of an eleventh capacitor C11 is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the tenth capacitor C10 and a second end of the eleventh capacitor C11 are connected with the ground in common;
a second gate G2 of the third double N-channel MOS Q3 is connected in series with a sixteenth resistor R16 to the a-phase second low-side gate driving output terminal LA2 of the motor driving chip 32, a first gate G1 is connected in series with a tenth resistor R10 to the a-phase first low-side gate driving output terminal LA1 of the motor driving chip 32, a first end of a second sampling resistor RF2 is connected in series with an eleventh resistor R11 to the a-phase sampling resistor SRAH of the motor driving chip 32, a second end of a second sampling resistor RF2 is connected in series with a twelfth resistor R12 to the a-phase sampling resistor ground terminal SRAL of the motor driving chip 32, and a twelfth capacitor C12 is connected in parallel with the second sampling resistor RF 2;
a second drain D2 of the third double-N-channel MOS transistor Q3 is connected in parallel to a first end of a fifteenth resistor R15 and a first end of a fourteenth capacitor C14, a second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the second intermediate node BMA2 of the a-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and a second end of the fourteenth capacitor C14 is grounded;
a first drain electrode D1 of the third double N-channel MOS transistor Q3 is connected to a first end of a fourteenth resistor R14 and a first end of a thirteenth capacitor C13 in parallel, a second end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected with a first middle node BMA1 of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is connected with the ground;
the positive terminal CA2 of the A-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip 32 is connected in series with the eighth capacitor C8 to the A-phase bridge arm second intermediate node BMA2, and the positive terminal CA1 of the A-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip 32 is connected in series with the ninth capacitor C9 to the A-phase bridge arm first intermediate node BMA 1;
the second gate G2 of the fourth double N-channel MOS transistor Q4 is connected in series with the thirteenth resistor R13 to the a-phase second high-side gate driving output terminal HA2 of the motor driving chip 32, and the first gate G1 is connected in series with the ninth resistor R9 to the a-phase first high-side gate driving output terminal HA1 of the motor driving chip 32.
It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides sufficient filter capacitance near the a-phase positive H _ OUTA + and negative H _ OUTA-, B-phase positive H _ OUTB + and negative H _ OUTB-, and driving voltage Hmotor _34V pins of the driving motor, and adds the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10, the thirteenth resistor R13, the sixteenth resistor R16, and the thirteenth capacitor C13 and the fourteenth capacitor C14 to the gate G of the high-side/low-side MOSFET, thereby effectively reducing ringing.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the first H-bridge circuit further includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4;
the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to a first middle node BMB1 of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is grounded;
the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to a second intermediate node BMB2 of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and the anode is grounded;
the third diode D3 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the B-phase second high-side gate drive output terminal HB2 of the motor drive chip 32, and the anode of the third diode is connected with the second gate G2 of the second double N-channel MOS transistor Q2;
the fourth diode D4 is connected in parallel with the sixth resistor R6, and has a negative electrode connected to the B-phase second low-side gate drive output terminal LB2 of the motor drive chip 32 and a positive electrode connected to the second gate G2 of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the second H-bridge circuit further includes a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D8;
the negative electrode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to a first intermediate node BMA1 of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and the positive electrode of the fifth diode D5 is grounded;
the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to a second intermediate node BMA2 of the A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip 32, and the anode is grounded;
the seventh diode D7 is connected in parallel with the thirteenth resistor R13, the negative electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the a-phase second high-side gate drive output terminal HA2 of the motor drive chip 32, and the positive electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the second gate G2 of the fourth double-N-channel MOS transistor Q4;
the eighth diode D8 is connected in parallel with the sixteenth resistor R16, the negative electrode of the eighth diode is connected to the a-phase second low-side gate drive output terminal LA2 of the motor drive chip 32, and the positive electrode of the eighth diode is connected to the second gate G2 of the third double-N-channel MOS transistor Q3.
Here, the embodiment of the present invention adds the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 to form a protection circuit of the first H-bridge circuit, and the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, the seventh diode D7, and the eighth diode D8 to form a protection circuit of the second H-bridge circuit. The first diode D1, the second diode D2, the fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 are respectively used for eliminating undershoots of intermediate nodes of bridge arms of the B-phase and the a-phase, and the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4, the seventh diode D7 and the eighth diode D8 are respectively used for ensuring safe turn-off of the second double-N-channel MOS transistor Q2, the first double-N-channel MOS transistor Q1, the fourth double-N-channel MOS transistor Q4 and the third double-N-channel MOS transistor Q3 under a slow switching slope.
Alternatively, as a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the rectifying and filtering circuit 20 includes: a rectifier diode Dr, an inductor L1, a fifteenth capacitor C15, a sixteenth capacitor C16, a seventeenth capacitor C17, an eighteenth capacitor C18, a nineteenth capacitor C19, a twentieth capacitor C20, and a twenty-first capacitor C21;
the anode of the rectifier diode Dr is connected with the output end of the DC-DC booster circuit 10, and the cathode of the rectifier diode Dr is connected with the first end of the inductor L1;
the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit 20;
the fifteenth capacitor C15, the sixteenth capacitor C16, the seventeenth capacitor C17, the eighteenth capacitor C18-17, the nineteenth capacitor C19, the twentieth capacitor C20 and the twenty-first capacitor C21 are connected in parallel between the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit 20 and the ground.
In the rectifier filter circuit 20, the current at the output end of the DC-DC boost circuit 10 is rectified by the rectifier diode Dr, and then passes through the LC filter circuit composed of the inductor L1 and the capacitors C15-C21, so that the interference signal can be effectively suppressed, and a relatively pure direct current can be obtained.
The invention improves the driving voltage of the stepping motor, increases the bearing capacity of the stepping motor, is not limited by the pan-tilt motor, and effectively solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the stepping motor of the existing security camera in the limited space of the pan-tilt is insufficient.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a stepping motor, where the stepping motor includes the stepping motor driving circuit described above. For the structure and function of the stepping motor driving circuit, please refer to the description of the above embodiments, which is not described herein.
It should be understood that the above functional mode is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In other embodiments, the function mode specific control logic may also be set according to actual needs.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A stepping motor drive circuit, comprising:
the DC-DC booster circuit is used for receiving power supply voltage and boosting the power supply voltage to obtain boosted power supply voltage;
the rectification filter circuit is connected with the DC-DC booster circuit and is used for rectifying and filtering the boosted power supply voltage to obtain a driving voltage;
and the motor driving circuit is connected with the rectification filter circuit and used for controlling the movement of the stepping motor according to the driving voltage, and the motor driving circuit comprises a plurality of filter capacitors on the input side of the driving voltage and on an A-phase bridge arm and a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor.
2. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein said motor driving circuit comprises:
the device comprises a controller, a motor driving chip and an H-bridge circuit;
the controller is communicated with the motor driving chip through an SPI (serial peripheral interface);
the MOSFET driver unit of the motor driving chip is connected with the H-bridge circuit;
the controller can send an enabling signal to the motor driving chip to close or open an H-bridge circuit connected with the motor driving chip;
the output voltage of the rectification filter circuit is connected to a motor power supply voltage pin of the motor driving chip and used for providing electric energy for an upper bridge arm of the H-bridge circuit;
and the H-bridge circuit is used for controlling the work of the stepping motor.
3. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein said H-bridge circuit includes a first H-bridge circuit and a second H-bridge circuit;
the first H-bridge circuit and the second H-bridge circuit are respectively connected with the motor driving chip, the first H-bridge circuit forms a B-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor, and the second H-bridge circuit forms an A-phase bridge arm of the stepping motor.
4. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the first H-bridge circuit comprises a first double N-channel MOS transistor, a second double N-channel MOS transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a first sampling resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor;
the first double N-channel MOS tube forms a lower bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the second double N-channel MOS tube forms an upper bridge arm of B-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the first double N-channel MOS tube are respectively connected with a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the second double N-channel MOS tube; a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the first double N-channel MOS tube are connected with a first end of a first sampling resistor, a second end of the first sampling resistor is grounded, a common node between a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the second double N-channel MOS tube and a first end of a second capacitor and a first end of a third capacitor is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the second capacitor and a second end of the third capacitor are connected to the ground in a common mode;
a first grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a fifth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase first low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a second grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a sixth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first end of the first sampling resistor is connected with a seventh resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase sampling resistor end of the motor driving chip, a second end of the first sampling resistor is connected with an eighth resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase sampling resistor ground end of the motor driving chip, and a seventh capacitor is connected with the first sampling resistor in parallel;
a second drain electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fourth resistor and a first end of a sixth capacitor, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a second middle node (BMB2 end) of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the sixth capacitor is grounded;
a first drain electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a third resistor and a first end of a fifth capacitor, a second end of the third resistor is connected with a first middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is grounded;
the positive end of a B-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected with a first capacitor in series to a second intermediate node of the B-phase bridge arm, and the positive end of a B-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected with a fourth capacitor in series to a first intermediate node of the B-phase bridge arm;
and a second grid electrode of the second double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a first resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase second high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and a first grid electrode of the second double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a second resistor in series and is connected to a B-phase first high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip.
5. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 4, wherein said first H-bridge circuit further comprises a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode;
the negative electrode of the first secondary tube is connected to a first middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the first secondary tube is grounded;
the cathode of the second diode is connected to a second middle node of a B-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the second diode is grounded;
the third diode is connected with the first resistor in parallel, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the B-phase second high-side gate drive output end of the motor drive chip, and the anode of the third diode is connected with the second gate of the second double-N-channel MOS transistor;
and the fourth diode is connected with the sixth resistor in parallel, the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with the B-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the second grid electrode of the first double-N-channel MOS transistor.
6. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the second H-bridge circuit comprises a third double N-channel MOS transistor, a fourth double N-channel MOS transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a second sampling resistor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a twelfth capacitor, a thirteenth capacitor and a fourteenth capacitor;
the third double-N-channel MOS tube forms a lower bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor, and the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube forms an upper bridge arm of A-phase positive and negative polarity of the stepping motor;
a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube are respectively connected with a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the fourth double N-channel MOS tube; a first source electrode and a second source electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube are connected with a first end of the second sampling resistor, a second end of the second sampling resistor is grounded, a common node between a first drain electrode and a second drain electrode of the fourth double N-channel MOS tube and a first end of the tenth capacitor and a first end of the eleventh capacitor is connected with a driving voltage, and a second end of the tenth capacitor and a second end of the eleventh capacitor are connected to the ground in common;
a second grid electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a sixteenth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A second low-end grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first grid electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a tenth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A first low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, a first end of the second sampling resistor is connected with an eleventh resistor in series and is connected to a phase A sampling resistor end of the motor driving chip, a second end of the second sampling resistor is connected with a twelfth resistor in series and is connected to a phase A sampling resistor ground end of the motor driving chip, and a twelfth capacitor is connected with the second sampling resistor in parallel;
a second drain electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fifteenth resistor and a first end of a fourteenth capacitor C42, a second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a second middle node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the fourteenth capacitor is grounded;
a first drain electrode of the third double-N-channel MOS tube is connected to a first end of a fourteenth resistor and a first end of a thirteenth capacitor, a second end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with a first middle node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and a second end of the thirteenth capacitor is grounded;
the positive end of the A-phase second bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected in series with the eighth capacitor to the A-phase bridge arm second intermediate node, and the positive end of the A-phase first bootstrap capacitor of the motor driving chip is connected in series with the ninth capacitor to the A-phase bridge arm first intermediate node;
and a second grid electrode of the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a thirteenth resistor in series and is connected to the A-phase second high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and a first grid electrode of the fourth double-N-channel MOS tube is connected with a ninth resistor in series and is connected to the A-phase first high-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip.
7. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 6, wherein said second H-bridge circuit further comprises a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode;
the negative electrode of the fifth diode is connected to the first middle node of the A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the fifth diode is grounded;
the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to a second intermediate node of an A-phase bridge arm of the motor driving chip, and the anode of the sixth diode is grounded;
the seventh diode is connected with the thirteenth resistor in parallel, the negative electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the A-phase second high-side gate driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the seventh diode is connected with the second gate of the fourth double N-channel MOS transistor;
and the eighth diode is connected with the sixteenth resistor in parallel, the negative electrode of the eighth diode is connected with the A-phase second low-side grid electrode driving output end of the motor driving chip, and the positive electrode of the eighth diode is connected with the second grid electrode of the third double N-channel MOS tube.
8. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein said rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: the rectifier diode, the inductor, the fifteenth capacitor, the sixteenth capacitor, the seventeenth capacitor, the eighteenth capacitor, the nineteenth capacitor, the twentieth capacitor and the twenty-first capacitor;
the positive pole of the rectifier diode is connected with the output end of the DC-DC booster circuit, and the negative pole of the rectifier diode is connected with the first end of the inductor;
the second end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit;
and the fifteenth capacitor, the sixteenth capacitor, the seventeenth capacitor, the eighteenth capacitor, the nineteenth capacitor, the twentieth capacitor and the twenty-first capacitor are connected between the output end of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the ground in parallel.
9. The stepping motor driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the DC-DC boost circuit inputs a power supply voltage of 24V, and the boosted power supply voltage is 34V.
10. A stepping motor comprising a stepping motor drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202111015719.9A 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Stepping motor drive circuit and stepping motor Pending CN113726233A (en)

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