CN113725955A - Charging method, charging device, charging circuit, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Charging method, charging device, charging circuit, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113725955A
CN113725955A CN202110942343.XA CN202110942343A CN113725955A CN 113725955 A CN113725955 A CN 113725955A CN 202110942343 A CN202110942343 A CN 202110942343A CN 113725955 A CN113725955 A CN 113725955A
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China
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charging
voltage
current
cut
constant
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CN202110942343.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈佳
沈玲
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Meizu Technology Co Ltd
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Meizu Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110942343.XA priority Critical patent/CN113725955A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a charging method, apparatus, circuit, electronic device and storage medium, comprising: acquiring specification parameters of the battery cell; determining a first cut-off voltage in the constant-current charging stage and a cut-off current in the constant-voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters; acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage; judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than a first cut-off voltage; when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage; acquiring real-time current in a constant-voltage charging stage; and when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for a preset time, so that the charging capacity of the battery is ensured.

Description

Charging method, charging device, charging circuit, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery charging technologies, and in particular, to a charging method, an apparatus, a circuit, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
The rechargeable battery is a rechargeable battery with limited charging times and can be matched with a charger for use. The battery can be reused by charging the battery, which is beneficial to economy and environmental protection. The charging process of a battery is the reverse of its discharging process, specifically, the process of converting electrical energy into chemical energy stored in the battery.
The conventional battery charging process usually adopts a process of Constant Current (CC) charging to Constant Voltage (CV) charging. In addition, after the battery is charged to the cut-off current with the constant voltage, because the charging current in the constant current charging stage is large, part of the electric quantity of the battery is virtual electric quantity, so that the battery is not charged to the saturated capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a charging method, an apparatus, a circuit, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging method, including:
obtaining specification parameters of a battery cell, wherein the specification parameters comprise rated voltage;
determining a first cut-off voltage of a constant current charging stage and a cut-off current of a constant voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters, wherein the first cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage;
acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage;
judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage;
acquiring real-time current in a constant-voltage charging stage;
and when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, stopping charging for a preset time and then charging with a first charging current, wherein the first charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off current.
Optionally, after the specification parameters of the battery cell are acquired, the method further includes:
obtaining a gain coefficient; wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%;
wherein the determining the first cutoff voltage of the constant current charging phase comprises:
determining the first cutoff voltage based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
Optionally, when the real-time current is equal to the cut-off current, after the charging is performed with the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time period, the method further includes:
stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage;
wherein the second cutoff voltage is the rated voltage.
Optionally, the cut-off current ICVThe value range is as follows: i is more than 0.05CCV≤0.20C；
Wherein C represents the battery capacity.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging device, including:
the specification parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring specification parameters of the battery cell, wherein the specification parameters comprise rated voltage;
the signal determining module is used for determining a first cut-off voltage of a constant-current charging stage and a cut-off current of a constant-voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters, wherein the first cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage;
the real-time voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage;
the voltage comparison module is used for judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
the first charging switching module is used for switching a constant-current charging stage to a constant-voltage charging stage when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
the real-time current acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time current in a constant-voltage charging stage;
and the second charging switching module is used for stopping charging for a preset time and then charging with the first charging current when the real-time current is equal to the cut-off current, wherein the first charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off charging current.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the gain coefficient acquisition module is used for acquiring a gain coefficient; wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%;
the signal determination module is specifically configured to:
determining the first cutoff voltage based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the charging stopping module is used for stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging circuit, including: the battery pack comprises a protection control integrated circuit, a first transistor, a second transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a battery cell;
the positive electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with a first input end of the protection control integrated circuit and a first input end of the charging module control circuit, the negative electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with one end of the first resistor and a second input end of the protection control integrated circuit, the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected with a third input end of the protection control integrated circuit and an output end of the first transistor, the input end of the first transistor is electrically connected with the output end of the second transistor, and the input end of the second transistor is connected with one end of the second resistor, one end of the third resistor and a second input end of the charging module control circuit; the control end of the first transistor is electrically connected with the first control end of the protection control integrated circuit, the control end of the second transistor is electrically connected with the second control end of the protection control integrated circuit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the third input end of the charging module control circuit, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the fourth input end of the charging module control circuit;
wherein the charging module control circuit is configured to perform the method of any of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method of any of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure also provides a storage medium storing a computer program for executing the method of any one of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:
in the charging method, the charging device, the charging circuit, the electronic device and the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the charging method is set to include: acquiring specification parameters of the battery cell; wherein the specification parameters include a rated voltage; determining a cut-off voltage of a constant current charging stage based on the specification parameters; wherein the cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage; acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage; judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than a first cut-off voltage; when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage to obtain the real-time current in the constant-voltage charging stage; when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time, which is equivalent to improvement on the basis of the prior art, namely after the constant-current charging stage and the constant-voltage charging stage are finished, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time, so that the battery can be charged to a saturated capacity, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a graph of current and voltage over time during a charging process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a comparative graph of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure relative to a charging method of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion of the dashed frame portion of the graph shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
The charging method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can be applied to a scene of constant current + constant voltage + small current constant current (namely CC1+ CV + CC2) charging, and is used for shortening the total charging time of the battery and improving the charging efficiency. Specifically, the improvement point relative to the prior art is that: on the premise of ensuring charging safety, the cut-off voltage in the constant-voltage charging stage is increased, so that the battery is easily charged to a saturated capacitance in the CC1 stage, and is easily fully charged, the charging time is shortened, the cut-off current in the CV stage is increased, namely, the battery is charged to the cut-off current at a larger current, the charging time is shortened, further, after the CV stage is completed, the charging is stopped for a preset time, and then secondary constant-current charging is carried out at the cut-off current which is less than or equal to the CV stage, namely, the CC2 stage, the charging time of the battery is shortened while the saturated capacity is ensured, and the charging efficiency is improved.
The charging method, the charging apparatus, the electronic device, the storage medium, and the charging circuit provided by the embodiments of the disclosure are exemplarily described below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
In some embodiments, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, the method may include:
and S110, obtaining specification parameters of the battery cell.
The specification parameters include a rated voltage, and may also include a size, a capacity, a rated operating current, and other parameters related to charging and discharging of the battery, which are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described or limited herein.
The specification parameters of the battery core can be associated with a battery identifier, and the battery identifier is used for distinguishing various batteries, and is equivalent to an identity identifier of the battery. Before the battery starts to be charged, the charging device may acquire the battery identifier and determine the specification parameters of the battery cell corresponding to the battery identifier based on the battery identifier. The specification parameters of the battery cell can be stored locally in the charging device or stored in the cloud, and are called based on the battery identifier. The battery may include other related circuits besides the battery core, which is described as an example in conjunction with fig. 6.
And S120, determining a first cut-off voltage in the constant current charging stage based on the specification parameters.
Wherein the first cutoff voltage is greater than the nominal voltage.
Specifically, the constant current charging stage charges the battery with a constant current value, in which the voltage of the battery increases continuously, as shown in fig. 2, in the CC1 stage, the charging current is kept constant, the charging voltage increases continuously, and the constant current charging stage stops until the charging voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, which will be described later with reference to S130-S170.
Compared with the prior art, the cut-off voltage in the constant-current charging stage is usually the rated voltage in the specification parameters, and the charging method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure improves the cut-off voltage in the constant-current charging stage, so that the battery is charged to a saturated capacity in the constant-current charging stage, the charging electric quantity in the constant-voltage charging stage is less, the charging current is larger, the duration of the constant-voltage charging stage is favorably shortened, the overall charging duration is shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved.
In combination with the above, the charging device can obtain the specification parameters of the battery, and set the cutoff voltage in the constant current charging stage to be greater than the rated voltage in the specification parameters when the battery supports the battery. The term "battery support" as used herein means that the battery can be charged safely without causing an abnormal loss in the life of the battery when the cutoff voltage is increased.
And S130, acquiring the real-time voltage in the constant current charging stage.
In the constant-current charging stage, the real-time voltage is continuously increased, and when the real-time voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, the constant-current charging stage is switched to the constant-voltage charging stage.
For example, a voltage detection circuit may be used to detect a real-time voltage of the battery and transmit the detected real-time voltage to the charging device; correspondingly, the charging device receives the real-time voltage, so that the acquisition of the real-time voltage is realized.
S140, judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or larger than the first cut-off voltage.
In the step, the charging device compares the first cut-off voltage determined in the step with the acquired real-time voltage, and judges whether the real-time voltage reaches the first cut-off voltage, that is, whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage; when the real-time voltage does not reach the first cut-off voltage, the capacity of the battery is still small, and constant-current charging is maintained at the moment; when the real-time voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, that is, when the determination result is yes (Y), maintaining the constant-current charging may cause a safety risk, and at this time, the constant-current charging stage is switched to the constant-voltage charging stage, that is, the subsequent step S150.
And S150, switching the constant current charging stage to the constant voltage charging stage when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage.
In combination with the above, when the charging device determines that the real-time voltage reaches the first cut-off voltage, the constant-current charging is stopped, and the constant-voltage charging is started, that is, the constant-current charging stage is switched to the constant-voltage charging stage, as shown in fig. 2, in the constant-voltage charging stage, the charging voltage is kept constant, and the charging current is continuously decreased until the charging current is reduced below a preset threshold, for example, 0.02C or 0.05C, which is considered that the battery is fully charged, where C represents the battery capacity.
Exemplarily, fig. 3 is a comparative graph of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure with respect to a charging method in the prior art; fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a dotted frame portion of the graph shown in fig. 3. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, taking a battery with a rated voltage of 4.40V as an example, in the prior art, during the constant current charging phase, the battery voltage will be charged to 4.40V, and then the constant voltage charging phase is entered, as shown by the curve L0. In the charging method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cut-off voltage in the constant current charging phase is increased, for example, the first cut-off voltage in the constant current charging phase may be set to 4.45V or 4.5V, which respectively correspond to the curve L1 and the curve L2, where the front-stage curve of L1 is shaded by L2 due to partial overlap between L1 and L2. Comparing L1 and L2 with L0, respectively, it can be seen that by increasing the first cut-off voltage of the constant current charging phase, the time of the constant current charging phase can be maintained longer, so that the battery can be charged to a more saturated capacity, which is beneficial to shortening the duration of constant voltage charging, shortening the total charging duration, and improving the charging efficiency.
And S160, acquiring the real-time current in the constant-voltage charging stage.
In the constant voltage charging stage, the battery is charged with a smaller current, and the charging current becomes smaller as the charging time continues, as shown in fig. 2. When the charging power is small to some extent, i.e., less than or equal to the cutoff current, the charging is stopped, and by this, the completion process of the CC1+ CV charging is completed.
For example, the charging device may determine the cutoff current of the constant voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters of the battery cell at the same time as, in the previous step, or in the subsequent step, when the specification parameters of the battery cell are acquired.
For example, the real-time current may be detected using a current detection circuit and sent to the charging device; correspondingly, the charging device receives the real-time current, compares the real-time current with the determined cutoff current, and stops charging when the real-time current is reduced to be less than or equal to the cutoff current.
And S170, when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, stopping charging for a preset time and then charging with the first charging current.
Wherein the first charging current is less than or equal to the cutoff current.
After the battery finishes the CC1+ CV charging process, because the charging current of the battery in the constant current charging stage is large, there may be a virtual charge that is part of the electric quantity for charging the battery, after the battery is charged to the cutoff current, as shown in fig. 2, if the charging is stopped for a preset time period, for example, for a time period t1, t1 is equal to 5min, at this time, the battery is discharged during the placement period, so the battery voltage may be lower than 4.4V, and after the charging is stopped for the preset time period, the battery continues to be charged with the first charging current, for example, 0.16C, that is, 640mA, until 4.4V, so that the actual capacity of the battery is increased by such cyclic charging.
It should be noted that fig. 2 exemplarily shows that the first charging current is smaller than the off-state current, and in other possible embodiments, the first charging current may also be equal to the off-state current, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, on the basis of fig. 1, after S110, the method further comprises:
and acquiring a gain coefficient.
Wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%.
In particular, the gain factor may be a multiple of the first cutoff voltage relative to the rated voltage, characterizing the degree to which the rated voltage is increased. In the embodiment of the disclosure, by setting the upper limit of the gain coefficient M to 105%, it is possible to avoid the first cut-off voltage from being increased too much, thereby being beneficial to ensuring that the influence on the safety and the service life of the battery is small, and ensuring the charging safety while shortening the charging time.
For example, the value of the gain coefficient M may be 101%, 101.5%, 103%, 105%, or other times, which is neither described nor limited herein.
On this basis, the determining the first off-voltage of the constant current charging phase in S120 may include:
the first cutoff voltage is determined based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
Specifically, the first cut-off voltage can be obtained by multiplying a gain coefficient on the basis of the rated voltage; that is, the first cutoff voltage is the rated voltage × the gain coefficient.
In some embodiments, on the basis of fig. 1, after step S170, the method further includes:
and S180, stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage.
Wherein the second cutoff voltage is a rated voltage.
And after the charging is carried out to the cut-off current, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for a preset time, and the charging is stopped after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage by the first charging current. For example, the second cut-off voltage is set to 4.4V, i.e. the rated voltage of the battery, after the battery is charged to the cut-off current, if the battery is left for a period of time, such as 5min, the battery is discharged during the period of time of being left, and therefore the battery voltage is lower than 4.4V, and after the charging is stopped for a preset period of time, the battery is continuously charged with the first charging current, such as 0.16C, i.e. 640mA, until the battery is charged to 4.4V, so that the charging is cycled, and the actual capacity of the battery is improved.
Optionally, in the charging method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, compared with the prior art, while the battery is charged to the saturation capacity, the overall charging duration is shortened, the charging efficiency is improved, and the user experience is improved.
In some embodiments, electricity is cut offStream ICVThe value range is as follows: i is more than 0.05CCVLess than or equal to 0.20 ℃; wherein C represents the battery capacity.
Illustratively, in combination with the above, the charging device may set the first cutoff voltage to 4.45V and the cutoff current to 0.17C based on the specification parameters of the cell of 4.40V and 4000 mAH; the real-time voltage is monitored and when it reaches 4.45V, it is converted from the CC1 stage to the CV stage. After entering the CV stage, the battery is charged with a small current, and the charging current is smaller and smaller; and transitions to the CC2 stage when the real-time current reaches 0.17C. After entering the CC2 stage, the battery will be charged with a small current and stop charging after the battery is charged to the rated voltage of 4.40V. Compared with the prior art that the charging is cut off at 0.02C (corresponding to 80mA, namely 0.02 × 4000) or 0.05C (corresponding to 200mA, namely 0.05 × 4000), the charging method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure raises the charging current to 680mA (namely 0.17 × 4000) to stop, which is equivalent to ending the charging in advance, thereby shortening the charging time period.
In conjunction with fig. 3 and 4, the voltage at the end of the charging phase is relatively high due to the increase in the first off-voltage of the constant current charging phase. However, the time that the battery is under a higher voltage is short, i.e., the voltage after the battery is left standing, falls back to the same level as the prior art, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery.
The charging method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises the following steps: acquiring specification parameters of the battery cell; wherein the specification parameters include a rated voltage; determining a cut-off voltage of a constant current charging stage based on the specification parameters; wherein the cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage; acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage; judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than a first cut-off voltage; when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage to obtain the real-time current in the constant-voltage charging stage; when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time, which is equivalent to the improvement on the basis of the prior art, namely the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time after the constant-current charging and constant-voltage charging stages are finished, so that the battery can be charged to the saturated capacity, and the charging efficiency is improved.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a charging device, which can be used to execute the steps of any one of the charging methods in the foregoing embodiments, so as to achieve corresponding beneficial effects.
Exemplarily, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus may include:
a specification parameter obtaining module 510, configured to obtain specification parameters of the battery cell; wherein the specification parameters include a rated voltage;
a cut-off voltage determination module 520, configured to determine a first cut-off voltage of the constant current charging stage based on the specification parameter; wherein the first cutoff voltage is greater than the rated voltage;
a real-time voltage obtaining module 530, configured to obtain a real-time voltage in the constant current charging stage;
a voltage comparison module 540, configured to determine whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than a first cut-off voltage;
a charging switching module 550, configured to switch the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
and a real-time current obtaining module 560 for obtaining the real-time current in the constant-voltage charging stage.
The second charging switching module 570 is configured to stop charging for a preset time period and then charge the battery with the first charging current when the real-time current is equal to the cut-off current, where the first charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off charging current.
According to the charging device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the specification parameters of the battery cell can be acquired through the cooperative coordination among the functional modules; wherein the specification parameters include a rated voltage; determining a cut-off voltage of a constant current charging stage based on the specification parameters; wherein the cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage; acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage; judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than a first cut-off voltage; when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage to obtain the real-time current in the constant-voltage charging stage; when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time, which is equivalent to the improvement on the basis of the prior art, namely the charging is carried out by the first charging current after the charging is stopped for the preset time after the constant-current charging and constant-voltage charging stages are finished, so that the battery can be charged to the saturated capacity, and the charging efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, on the basis of fig. 5, the apparatus may further include:
the gain coefficient acquisition module is used for acquiring a gain coefficient; wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%.
Based on this, the first off-voltage determining module 520 may be specifically configured to:
the first cutoff voltage is determined based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
By the arrangement, the total charging time can be shortened, the charging efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the safety of the battery is ensured.
In some embodiments, on the basis of fig. 5, the apparatus may further include:
and the charging stopping module is used for stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage.
Optionally, cutoff of current ICVThe value range is as follows: i is more than 0.05CCVLess than or equal to 0.20 ℃; wherein C represents the battery capacity.
So set up, can further shorten the duration in the constant voltage charging stage among the charging process, be favorable to shortening the total length of charging, improve charge efficiency.
The device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can execute the method provided by any embodiment of the disclosure, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
The embodiment of the disclosure further provides a charging circuit, which can charge the battery based on any one of the above charging methods, so that the charging time of the battery can be shortened, and the charging efficiency can be improved.
In some embodiments, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 6, the charging circuit may include: the battery pack 60 comprises a protection control integrated circuit 601, a first transistor 602, a second transistor 603, a first resistor 604, a second resistor 605, a third resistor 606 and a battery cell 600; the positive electrode of the battery cell 600 is electrically connected to a first input terminal of the protection control integrated circuit 601 and a first input terminal of the charging module control circuit 61, the negative electrode of the battery cell 600 is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor 604 and a second input terminal of the protection control integrated circuit 601, the other end of the first resistor 604 is electrically connected to a third input terminal of the protection control integrated circuit 601 and an output terminal of the first transistor 602, the input terminal of the first transistor 602 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second transistor 603, and the input terminal of the second transistor 603 is connected to one end of the second resistor 605, one end of the third resistor 606, and a second input terminal of the charging module control circuit 61; the control end of the first transistor 602 is electrically connected to the first control end of the protection control integrated circuit 601, the control end of the second transistor 603 is electrically connected to the second control end of the protection control integrated circuit 601, the other end of the second resistor 605 is connected to the third input end of the charging module control circuit 61, and the other end of the third resistor 606 is connected to the fourth input end of the charging module control circuit 61; wherein the charging module control circuit 61 is configured to perform any of the above-described methods.
The first transistor 602 and the second transistor 603 are protection transistors, and are configured to cut off a loop where the battery is located when the battery is abnormally charged or discharged, so as to protect the battery cell 600. The first resistor 604 is a sampling resistor, and is configured to detect a current flowing through the battery cell 600; the second resistor 605 and the third resistor 606 are pull-down resistors and are used for realizing battery identification detection and temperature detection in a matching manner; the protection control integrated circuit 601 is configured to control the first transistor 602 and the second transistor 603 to protect the battery cell 600 during charging and discharging, and the charging module control circuit 61 is configured to implement switching of a charging stage and control of a charging voltage and a charging current.
Wherein the charging module control circuit 61 detects the voltage between P + and P-i.e. the battery voltage in real time by means of the ADC circuit. The charging module control circuit 61 sets a first off-voltage in the constant current charging stage, an off-current in the constant voltage charging stage, and a first charging current. As an example of a 4.40V, 4000mAH battery, the cutoff voltage may be set to 4.45V (or 4.5V), the cutoff current may be set to 0.17C, corresponding to 680mA, and the first charging current may be set to 0.16C, corresponding to 640mA, which may be determined based on the specification parameters of the cell. In the constant-current charging stage, when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches 4.45V (or 4.5V), the battery is controlled to enter the constant-voltage charging stage, the charging current is gradually reduced, and when the real-time current, namely the charging current reaches 680mA, the charging is stopped for a preset time, and then the charging is carried out by using the first charging current.
Illustratively, the protection control integrated circuit 601 in the battery pack 60 may further include circuit modules such as an overcharge voltage detection module, an overcharge current detection module, an overdischarge voltage detection module, an overdischarge current detection module, a short circuit detection module, a control logic module, a delay circuit module, and an oscillation circuit module, so as to implement abnormality detection and control and ensure battery safety.
In the charging circuit provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the cutoff current of the constant voltage charging stage is increased by increasing the first cutoff voltage of the constant current charging stage, the charging time is shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the battery under the working principle can meet the temperature requirement through normal temperature circulation, and has no obvious difference from the conventional charging environment.
In other embodiments, the charging method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to other charging circuits known to those skilled in the art, so as to shorten the total charging time of the battery and improve the charging efficiency.
It should be noted that fig. 6 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit, in other embodiments, the charging circuit may be as shown in fig. 7, see fig. 7, and the charging module control circuit 61 is configured to detect the voltage between the P + SNS and the P-SNS, that is, the battery voltage, in real time through the ADC circuit, and compared with the charging circuit provided in fig. 6, the charging circuit provided in fig. 7 directly detects the voltages of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, so that the detected battery voltage result is more accurate.
An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; the processor is used for reading the executable instructions from the memory and executing the instructions to realize the steps of any one of the methods, and the corresponding beneficial effects are realized.
In some embodiments, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 7, the electronic device 400 includes one or more processors 401 and memory 402.
The processor 401 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 400 to perform desired functions.
Memory 402 may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory (cache), and/or the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium and executed by processor 401 to implement the charging methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure described above and/or other desired functions. Various contents such as an input signal, a signal component, a noise component, etc. may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
In one example, the electronic device 400 may further include: an input device 403 and an output device 404, which are interconnected by a bus system and/or other form of connection mechanism (not shown).
The input device 403 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
The output device 404 may output various information to the outside, including the determined distance information, direction information, and the like. The output devices 404 may include, for example, a display, speakers, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, among others.
Of course, for simplicity, only some of the components of the electronic device 400 relevant to the present disclosure are shown in fig. 7, omitting components such as buses, input/output interfaces, and the like. In addition, electronic device 400 may include any other suitable components depending on the particular application.
In addition to the above methods and apparatus, embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer program product comprising computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a charging method provided by embodiments of the present disclosure.
The computer program product may write program code for carrying out operations for embodiments of the present disclosure in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.
Furthermore, embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the charging method provided by embodiments of the present disclosure.
The computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A method of charging, comprising:
obtaining specification parameters of a battery cell, wherein the specification parameters comprise rated voltage;
determining a first cut-off voltage of a constant current charging stage and a cut-off current of a constant voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters, wherein the first cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage;
acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage;
judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage, switching the constant-current charging stage to the constant-voltage charging stage;
acquiring real-time current in a constant-voltage charging stage;
and when the real-time current is equal to or less than the cut-off current, stopping charging for a preset time and then charging with a first charging current, wherein the first charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off current.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after obtaining the specification parameters of the cells, the method further comprises:
obtaining a gain coefficient; wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%;
wherein the determining the first cutoff voltage of the constant current charging phase comprises:
determining the first cutoff voltage based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after the charging with the first charging current after stopping the charging for the preset time period when the real-time current is equal to the cutoff current, further comprising:
stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage;
wherein the second cutoff voltage is the rated voltage.
4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the off-current I isCVThe value range is as follows: i is more than 0.05CCV≤0.20C；
Wherein C represents the battery capacity.
5. A charging device, comprising:
the specification parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring specification parameters of the battery cell, wherein the specification parameters comprise rated voltage;
the signal determining module is used for determining a first cut-off voltage of a constant-current charging stage and a cut-off current of a constant-voltage charging stage based on the specification parameters, wherein the first cut-off voltage is greater than the rated voltage;
the real-time voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time voltage in a constant current charging stage;
the voltage comparison module is used for judging whether the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
the first charging switching module is used for switching a constant-current charging stage to a constant-voltage charging stage when the real-time voltage is equal to or greater than the first cut-off voltage;
the real-time current acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time current in a constant-voltage charging stage;
and the second charging switching module is used for stopping charging for a preset time and then charging with the first charging current when the real-time current is equal to the cut-off current, wherein the first charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off charging current.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
the gain coefficient acquisition module is used for acquiring a gain coefficient; wherein the gain coefficient M is greater than 100% and less than or equal to 105%;
the signal determination module is specifically configured to:
determining the first cutoff voltage based on the nominal voltage and the gain factor.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
and the charging stopping module is used for stopping charging after the charging is carried out to the second cut-off voltage.
8. A charging circuit, comprising: the battery pack comprises a protection control integrated circuit, a first transistor, a second transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a battery cell;
the positive electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with a first input end of the protection control integrated circuit and a first input end of the charging module control circuit, the negative electrode of the battery cell is electrically connected with one end of the first resistor and a second input end of the protection control integrated circuit, the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected with a third input end of the protection control integrated circuit and an output end of the first transistor, the input end of the first transistor is electrically connected with the output end of the second transistor, and the input end of the second transistor is connected with one end of the second resistor, one end of the third resistor and a second input end of the charging module control circuit; the control end of the first transistor is electrically connected with the first control end of the protection control integrated circuit, the control end of the second transistor is electrically connected with the second control end of the protection control integrated circuit, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the third input end of the charging module control circuit, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the fourth input end of the charging module control circuit;
wherein the charging module control circuit is configured to perform the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 4.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program for executing the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 4.
CN202110942343.XA 2021-08-17 2021-08-17 Charging method, charging device, charging circuit, electronic equipment and storage medium Pending CN113725955A (en)

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