CN113725913A - Automatic power control method suitable for source network load storage multi-type resource cooperation - Google Patents
Automatic power control method suitable for source network load storage multi-type resource cooperation Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic power control method suitable for source network load storage multi-type resource cooperation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring scheduling plan data and electric power market clearing result data of a conventional water-gas power generating unit; respectively determining closed-loop control rules aiming at different types of resource objects; acquiring real-time operation state data of various types of resources of a power grid, and determining adjustment requirements and a corresponding global real-time control strategy in an actual operation scene of the power grid; and based on the closed-loop control rule and a pre-constructed APC control model, performing multi-type resource coordination control in a control area according to a global real-time control strategy, calculating an adjustment target of a single control object under each resource type, and issuing the adjustment target to each control object so as to control the control object to adjust to a specified power point. The invention can realize that the power generation side resources, the load side resources, the equivalent resources of the lower-level power grid and the large-scale energy storage integrally participate in power grid frequency modulation, peak shaving, emergency control of accidents and the like, expands the power grid regulation resources, improves the peak shaving and frequency modulation capability of the power grid, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of power systems, in particular to an automatic power control method suitable for cooperation of source network load storage multi-type resources.
Background
With the proposal of the national target of '3060' of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, a clear time table is provided for constructing a clean, low-carbon and efficient energy system, and on the premise of ensuring the energy safety, the clean transformation of the energy system and the construction of a new power system taking new energy as a main body are fundamental ways for realizing the carbon peak reaching and the carbon neutralization. To construct a new power system with new energy as a main body, the new energy is continuously accessed in a large scale, and a conventional thermal power supply is replaced in a large scale, so that the conventional rotational inertia of a power grid is continuously reduced, the conventional primary frequency modulation capability of the power grid is gradually weakened, and the risk problem of power grid frequency stability is gradually highlighted.
At present, the traditional Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is used as a core module of a dispatching automation system, is generally applied to various regions and provincial regulation and control mechanisms in China, and achieves frequency and tie line power control mainly by controlling a conventional water-gas-electric generator set, so that a good control effect is achieved. The technology that the traditional water and thermal power generating units and new energy generating units such as wind power and the like participate in power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation is relatively mature, and the double-fed induction wind generating units participate in frequency regulation technology and other projects through a power standby or rotor kinetic energy method and are widely applied.
Researches on real-time regulation of a load side and a power grid mainly focus on verification of regulation effectiveness of load side resources and control strategy academic researches on participation of single-type load resources (such as air conditioners, electric vehicles and the like) in power grid regulation, but corresponding technical researches and mature engineering practical applications are lacked in scenes of constructing an automatic control module with source network load storage cooperation and unification, directly controlling the load resources to participate in power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation and the like in a power grid dispatching master station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic power control method adaptive to the coordination of various types of resources in source network load storage, which can realize that power generation side resources, load side resources, equivalent resources of a lower-level power grid and large-scale energy storage integrally participate in power grid frequency modulation, peak regulation, emergency control of accidents and the like, expand power grid regulation resources, improve the peak regulation and frequency modulation capacity of the power grid and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an automatic power control method adaptive to source network load storage multi-type resource cooperation comprises the following steps:
acquiring scheduling plan data and electric power market clearing result data of a conventional water-gas power generating unit;
based on the acquired data, respectively determining corresponding closed-loop control rules according to preset control targets for different types of resource objects;
acquiring real-time running state data of various types of resources of a power grid, determining an adjusting requirement under an actual running scene of the power grid according to the real-time running state data, and determining a global real-time control strategy corresponding to the adjusting requirement;
based on the closed-loop control rule and a pre-constructed APC control model, performing multi-type resource coordination control in a control area according to a determined global real-time control strategy, calculating a control deviation in the control process, and calculating an adjustment target of a single control object under each resource type according to the control deviation;
and transmitting the adjusting target to each control object so as to control the control object to adjust to the specified power point.
Optionally, the obtaining of the scheduling plan data and the electric power market clearing result data includes:
acquiring real-time data of a scheduling plan from a real-time library through a real-time library interface in a set period;
and obtaining a market clearing result by adopting a set format file, wherein the format file data comprises the capacity of a bid-winning unit, the bid-winning state and the self-checking information of the bid-winning result, checking the integrity and the correctness of the market clearing result data through the format file, and writing the result data passing the checking into a preset data table.
Optionally, the multiple types of resources include: the system comprises a conventional water-fire power unit, a direct control large industrial load, a load unit, a power grid side energy storage unit and a lower-level power grid equivalent unit which are aggregated and virtualized by a load aggregator.
Optionally, the determining, for different types of resource objects, corresponding closed-loop control rules according to preset control targets respectively includes:
for the water-fire-electricity generator set and the direct control large industrial load, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: taking the clear results of the dispatching plan data or the power market of the frequency modulation non-winning machine set as the base point power of the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load, and carrying out power control on the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load according to the base point power so that the control target of the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load is equal to the base point power;
for the load unit, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: taking the scheduling plan data or the electric power market clearing result of the non-winning machine set as the adjustment lower limit of the load machine set, and performing power control on the load machine set according to the adjustment lower limit, the adjustment requirement and the control strategy;
for the energy storage unit, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: the dispatching plan data or the electric power market clearing result of the non-winning machine set is used as the base point power of the energy storage machine set, the base point power is used as the central line of the adjusting range of the energy storage machine set, and the adjusting requirement is superposed on the base point power to carry out power control on the machine set according to the adjusting requirement determined by the control strategy;
for the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: and taking the scheduling plan data as a total adjusting upper limit during AGC control of the lower-level power grid, and according to an adjusting requirement determined by a control strategy, superposing the adjusting requirement on actual power to implement power control on the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid, wherein a control target does not exceed the total adjusting upper limit.
The closed-loop control rule is a cross-system coordination control rule determined according to a scheduling plan and electric power market clearing data.
Optionally, the adjustment requirements in the actual operation scene of the power grid include full-grid peak-load frequency modulation, multi-resource cooperative frequency modulation, emergency frequency modulation and accurate partition control;
the global real-time control strategy corresponding to the adjustment requirement comprises the following steps:
the whole network peak-shaving frequency modulation strategy is as follows: the frequency modulation is mainly performed on the conventional water-fire motor set, the peak modulation is mainly performed on the load and energy storage adjusting machine set, or the frequency modulation is performed on only part of the conventional water-fire motor set;
multi-resource cooperative frequency modulation strategy: all adjustable units in each link of source network load storage in the control area participate in power grid frequency modulation, and frequency modulation strategies and instructions corresponding to each control object are generated so as to coordinate that each type of resource object integrally and averagely participates in the power grid frequency modulation process.
Emergency frequency modulation strategy of accident: in response to the fact that the power grid frequency deviation is larger than a preset threshold value, all adjustable resource objects in a control area are adjusted and collected according to the response rate of various adjustment resources to participate in frequency emergency control;
and (3) partitioning accurate control strategy: according to loads, power supplies and energy storage in the control area, power supply paths from the distribution area to power grids of different voltage levels, and the partition where each resource object is located and the sensitivity of the resource object to the heavy-load equipment are determined according to the topological information of the main distribution network; and when the key equipment is overloaded or out-of-limit exists in the partition, executing accurate partition control according to the partition information of the resource object, wherein the control target of the adjustable resource object under the corresponding partition is that the running state of the key equipment of the partition is normal.
Optionally, the pre-constructed APC control model comprises:
and adjusting a parameter model part, wherein static model parameters of different resource objects stored in the source network to participate in power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation comprise: resource object type, regulation rate, maximum regulation amount, minimum regulation amount, duration and regulation precision; the static model parameters mainly comprise the actual physical attributes of the regulated resources, and are different according to the difference of the resource types;
adjusting the constraint model portion, wherein adjusting the constraint comprises: adjusting an upper limit and a lower limit, a vibration area of the hydroelectric generating set, an energy storage SOC limit value, time for large load and charge and discharge, maximum adjustable times of the load in real time, and forbidding power to adjust signals up and down; the regulation constraint is mainly related to the real-time state of the resource, the running state of the power grid and the regulation characteristic of the resource;
the adjusting partition model part comprises fixed information of adjusting resources belonging to a geographical partition and a manually set partition, and is also used for automatically updating dynamic information of controlling resource objects belonging to a power grid partition and a section partition according to a power grid model from a low voltage level to a high voltage level in the master station system;
the adjusting data model part comprises remote signaling and remote sensing data which are input to a provincial power grid master station system in real time by a conventional unit/direct control large load through a scheduling data network, a load aggregator through the Internet and an energy storage EMS system through the scheduling data network;
the control targets of the APC control model are to maintain the frequency of a power grid in a control area within a control range, or to maintain the exchange power of the control area and other adjacent control areas to be a given planned value, or to simultaneously meet the two control targets.
Optionally, the remote signaling data includes a resource object APC controllable signal, a scheduling master station controllable signal, a power prohibition up/down signal, and the like;
the telemetering data comprises the current active output, the adjustable lower limit of the unit power, the adjustment real-time constraint information and the like of a conventional water-gas power unit, a load unit, a lower-level power grid equivalent unit and an energy storage unit.
After the APC control model is modeled, the scheduling master station can perform resource management and cooperative control on the source network load and storage resources based on the APC control model.
Optionally, the issuing the adjustment target to each control object includes:
for a control object with continuous adjustment capability at any point in a given interval, a control instruction adopts a remote adjustment mode, and a target absolute value is issued through remote adjustment, so that the control object is quickly adjusted to a specified power point;
for a control object with continuous adjustment capability only on the basis of the current power, a control instruction can adopt a remote adjustment mode, and only transmits control target increment/decrement through remote adjustment to realize power adjustment on the current basis;
and issuing a remote control command to a control object only having the capability of interrupting 0-1 control or starting and stopping control, and realizing automatic power control by remotely controlling the starting and stopping of the controllable object.
Optionally, the controlling the control object to adjust to the specified power point includes:
for the load units aggregated by the load aggregation businessman, indirect control is carried out through a load aggregation businessman platform, and the load output power is changed by utilizing the on-off interruptible characteristic or the continuous adjustment dynamic characteristic of the load so as to respond to various adjustment requirements of the power grid and realize that the load resources with small capacity and large quantity participate in the adjustment control of the power grid;
for an energy storage unit consisting of energy storage at the side of a power grid, an energy storage energy management system receives an APC (automatic Power control) control instruction of a scheduling master station, and the energy storage active output is adjusted to participate in power grid regulation and control by controlling the on-off time of a PCS (Power control System) power switch device of an energy storage battery;
for the lower-level power grid equivalent unit, under the normal working condition, the lower-level power grid equivalent unit is not controlled by an APC (automatic Power control) system of the upper-level power grid, only when the adjustment resources of the upper-level power grid are insufficient, the lower-level dispatching AGC system receives an APC control instruction of the upper-level power grid dispatching, and the resources in the dispatching range of the upper-level dispatching and adjusting lower-level regulation and control mechanism participate in the overall control of the power grid in the control area.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and evaluating the control effect after the control is finished, wherein the evaluation comprises the following steps:
counting the power grid frequency control effect according to the A standard or the CPS standard;
counting the adjustment depth, the adjustment performance and the economic compensation amount of the conventional unit;
counting the adjustment depth, economic supplement and life expectancy loss of the energy storage unit;
counting the adjustment depth, the load loss amount and the economic compensation amount of the load side resource unit;
and evaluating the overall control effect of the power grid respectively from the 3 aspects of adjusting the total depth, adjusting the total compensation cost and checking the electric quantity of the power grid.
Advantageous effects
Aiming at the problems that a new energy is continuously accessed in a large scale and the problem of power grid frequency stability risk is gradually highlighted when a new energy is established as a main body of a new power system, the invention introduces an energy storage type unit, a load type unit and a lower-level power grid equivalent unit, establishes a control model together with a conventional water-gas-electric type unit and establishes an APC control system. In actual application, the APC control system firstly acquires a scheduling plan and an electric power market clearing result, and a cross-system coordination control framework of the APC, the scheduling plan and the electric power market is constructed. And then according to actual regulation requirements of different operation scenes such as power grid peak regulation, frequency modulation and emergency control of accidents, different whole-grid cooperative control modes in the APC function are set in combination with resource characteristic differences of different links of source grid load storage, so that power generation side resources, load side resources, lower-level power grid equivalent resources and large-scale energy storage integrally participate in power grid frequency modulation, peak regulation and emergency control of accidents, power grid regulation resources can be further expanded, the power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation capacity is improved, and the safe and stable operation of a power grid is guaranteed.
The method can be widely applied to occasions such as large-scale power grid operation control of new energy accessed to a power grid, high-quality adjustable load resources and conventional standby insufficient power grids.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of multiple resource objects in an APC control model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of APC control according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an APC control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The technical conception of the method of the invention is as follows: considering that the APC (automatic Power control) joint control of the load side resources participating in the master station joint control and constructing the source network load storage cooperation is an important and urgent technical means for the current and future Power network source network load storage coordination interaction control, the invention expands the traditional AGC (automatic Power control) control scope to source network load storage resources such as energy storage, load side resources and lower-level Power network equivalent adjustment resources through the APC (automatic Power control) technology, brings the source network load storage adjustable resources into a whole network resource pool, and realizes the joint optimization control of the load and the Power generation side in multiple time dimensions. Aiming at the operating characteristics of load side resources, energy storage and conventional units, the invention fully utilizes the power control characteristics after the aggregation of various resources of the power grid load storage, uniformly models the load side resources, the power generation side resources, the power grid side energy storage and the like, performs combined optimization calculation according to different operation control requirements, sends a control target to a thermal power plant DCS system, a hydraulic power plant monitoring system and other platforms, controls according to aggregation constraint provided by a load aggregator, sends the target power to the aggregator platform, and decomposes and sends the target power to various specifically controlled adjusting terminals. On the premise of ensuring the power utilization safety of users and the control safety of a power grid, the APC control of the cooperation of the source grid load storage multi-type resources is realized, and the full participation of the whole grid of the various resources in the active power regulation control of the power grid is realized.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, this embodiment introduces an automatic power control method adapted to source network load storage multi-type resource coordination, which is characterized by including:
acquiring scheduling plan data and electric power market clearing result data of a conventional water-gas power generating unit;
based on the acquired data, respectively determining corresponding closed-loop control rules according to preset control targets for different types of resource objects;
acquiring real-time running state data of various types of resources of a power grid, determining an adjusting requirement under an actual running scene of the power grid according to the real-time running state data, and determining a global real-time control strategy corresponding to the adjusting requirement;
based on the closed-loop control rule and a pre-constructed APC control model, performing multi-type resource coordination control in a control area according to a determined global real-time control strategy, calculating a control deviation in the control process, and calculating an adjustment target of a single control object under each resource type according to the control deviation;
and transmitting the adjusting target to each control object so as to control the control object to adjust to the specified power point.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the method further comprises evaluating the control effect, and the evaluation result can be used as a reference for adjusting the control strategy.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment specifically introduces an automatic power control method adaptive to source network load storage multi-type resource coordination, and relates to the following contents.
First, APC control system construction
An APC control system can be optionally built in a provincial dispatching center (called provincial dispatching for short hereinafter), and the APC control system comprises a traditional source side AGC, a load control function and the like, and can cover the function of adjusting and optimizing control of resources in each link of source network load storage in real time. Firstly, establishing a frequency and tie line control area (hereinafter referred to as APC control area) in the APC, wherein the total control target of the APC control area is to maintain the frequency of the power grid within a control range, or to maintain the exchange power of the control area and other adjacent control areas to be a given plan value, or to simultaneously satisfy the two control targets,
the APC control area of the present embodiment can support establishment of a conventional hydroelectric generating set control and direct control of a large industrial load object, and also support establishment of a virtual machine set of a source network for storing different types of resources, and an APC control model architecture is shown in fig. 1.
In the APC control area, the aggregated load side resources are equivalent to a load side type virtual regulation object (hereinafter referred to as a load unit), and the load output power is changed by utilizing the on-off interruptible characteristic or the continuous regulation dynamic characteristic of the load through the inter-platform control of the load aggregation business, so that various regulation requirements of the power grid are responded, and the small-capacity and large-quantity load resources participate in the regulation control of the power grid;
the method comprises the following steps that power grid side energy storage is used as a novel power grid energy storage type adjustable object (hereinafter referred to as an energy storage unit), an energy storage energy management system receives a control instruction of a dispatching master station, and the adjustment of energy storage active output to participate in power grid adjustment control is completed by controlling the on-off time of a battery PCS power switch device;
and taking the lower-level power grid equivalent unit as an adjustable object. Under normal working conditions, the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid is not controlled by the APC system of the upper-level power grid. And only under special working conditions, when the regulation resources of the upper-level power grid are insufficient, the lower-level dispatching AGC system receives an APC control instruction of upper-level dispatching, and the regulation and control mechanism of the upper-level dispatching and regulation regulates the regulation and control range resources of the lower-level regulation and control mechanism to participate in the overall control of the power grid.
In summary, in the APC control system shown in fig. 1, an energy storage unit, a load unit, and a lower-level power grid equivalent unit are added, and a control model is constructed together with a conventional water-gas-electric-power unit. The constructed APC control model is divided into an adjustment parameter model section, an adjustment beam-saving model section and an adjustment data model section.
The regulation parameter model section is a static model parameter of the source network load and different resource types participating in power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation, mainly comprises actual physical attributes of regulation resources, and mainly comprises the regulation resource types, the regulation types (continuous control or on-off control), the regulation rate, the maximum regulation quantity, the minimum regulation quantity, the duration, the regulation precision and the like according to the difference of the resource types.
The regulation restraint model section is a regulation restraint model for regulating resources to participate in the peak regulation and frequency modulation of the power grid master station, and the model is mainly related to the real-time state of the resources, the running state of the power grid and the regulation characteristics of the resources and mainly comprises the following steps: adjusting the upper limit and the lower limit in real time, the vibration area of the hydroelectric generating set, the energy storage SOC limit value, the time for which the load can be charged and discharged, the maximum adjustable times of the load, signals for forbidding the power to be adjusted up and down, and the like.
And the model section of the adjusting zone mainly comprises fixed information such as a geographical zone to which the adjusting resource belongs, a manual setting zone and the like, and can also automatically update dynamic information such as a power grid zone to which the control object belongs, a section zone and the like according to a power grid model from low to high voltage level in the master station system.
The adjusting data model section mainly comprises two types of data of remote signaling and remote sensing which are input into a provincial power grid master station system in real time by a conventional unit/direct control large load through a scheduling data network, a load aggregator through the Internet and an energy storage EMS system through the scheduling data network.
The remote signaling data comprises: adjusting a resource APC controllable signal, a scheduling master station controllable signal, a power prohibition up-down signal and the like;
telemetry class data: the current active power output of different types of units such as a conventional water-gas power unit, a load unit, a lower-level power grid equivalent unit, an energy storage unit and the like, and the unit power comprises telemetering information such as power adjustable lower limit, adjustment real-time constraint information and the like.
And after the APC control model is modeled, the scheduling master station carries out resource management and cooperative control on the source network load and storage resources based on the APC control model.
Two or more types of resource cooperative APC control
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the APC control system architecture of the present embodiment includes functional modules for interfacing with an external system, determining a cross-system coordination and closed-loop control strategy, determining a real-time cooperative control strategy, checking and issuing a control instruction, and evaluating a source network load storage control effect.
2.1 external data acquisition
When the master station APC carries out real-time cooperative control on the source network load storage and adjustment resources, firstly, a scheduling plan, a plan class of an electric power market in the day ahead and in the hour in the day ahead and a market clearing result are obtained through an external system interface, and a cross-system coordination control framework of the APC, the scheduling plan and the electric power market is constructed, wherein a coordination strategy is as follows:
2.1.1) APC control firstly obtains the real-time data of the dispatching plan from the real-time base according to the real-time base interface provided by the platform and the fixed time interval (for example, once every 3 seconds) aiming at the dispatching plan data of the conventional water-fire-electricity generator set;
2.1.2) the APC acquires market clearing results by adopting a format file mode aiming at the electric power market data, wherein the data in the format file comprises the capacity of a bid-winning unit, the bid-winning state and the self-checking information of the bid-winning results. The integrity and the correctness of the data can be verified through the format file, and the result file is written into an APC (automatic Power control) self-owned model data table after the verification is passed;
2.1.3) obtaining the dispatching plans of various units and the market clearing result files, and determining the closed-loop control method of the basic data of the external system according to different types of adjusting resources:
for the water-fire-electric machine set and the direct control large industrial load, scheduling a planning result or a clear result of a frequency modulation non-winning machine set is used as the base point power of the machine set, and the APC implements power control on the machine set according to the base point power, namely the control target of the machine set is equal to the base point power;
for the load unit, scheduling a plan result or a clearing result of the non-winning unit as an adjusting lower limit of the unit, and implementing power control on the load unit by the APC according to the adjusting lower limit, an adjusting requirement and a control strategy;
for the energy storage unit, scheduling a real-time value of a plan or a market clearing result of a non-winning unit as a base point power of the energy storage unit, wherein the base point power is used as a central line of an adjusting range of the energy storage unit, and an APC (automatic Power control) superposes an adjusting requirement on the base point power according to an adjusting requirement determined by a control strategy to implement power control on the unit;
and for the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid, scheduling a real-time value as a total adjusting upper limit during AGC control of the lower-level power grid, and implementing power control on the equivalent unit by the APC according to an adjusting requirement determined by a control strategy by superposing the adjusting requirement on actual power, wherein a control target cannot exceed the total adjusting upper limit.
2.2 Whole network real-time coordination control
The APC of electric wire netting main website sets up different whole net cooperative control modes in the APC function according to the actual regulation demand of different operation scenes such as electric wire netting peak shaver, frequency modulation and accident emergency control, based on source net load storage different link resource characteristics, and the APC system supports four kinds of global control modes, includes:
(2.2.1) peak shaving frequency modulation mode: in the mode, the regulation resource of the conventional water-fire-electricity set is mainly frequency-modulated, the load and energy storage regulation set is mainly peak-modulated, and only part of the conventional water-fire-electricity set can participate in frequency modulation;
(2.2.2) cooperative frequency modulation mode: in the mode, all adjustable units participate in power grid frequency modulation in each link of source network load storage in the control range of the APC, and the APC is responsible for generating frequency modulation strategies and instructions of each control object and coordinating various adjustment resources to integrally participate in the power grid frequency modulation process;
(2.2.3) emergency control frequency modulation mode: when the power grid has serious faults and the frequency deviation of the power grid is obviously large (for example, the frequency deviation exceeds 0.1 Hz), the APC automatically switches the mode, the power grid enters an emergency control state, the APC adopts an emergency frequency modulation mode, and automatically collects all adjustable resources according to the response rate to participate in the frequency emergency control;
(2.2.4) partition accurate control mode: in the mode, the APC can automatically generate a load aggregation unit, a partition where the water-fire-electricity generator set is located and the sensitivity to heavy-load equipment by reading topological information of the main distribution network according to power supply paths from the distribution area to power grids with different voltage levels by loads, power supplies and energy storage in the main station system. If the partition is scanned in real time and has a key equipment overload or out-of-limit, automatically putting into a partition fine control mode according to partition information of different types of resources, wherein the control target of the adjustable resources in the partition is the running state of the partition key equipment, and the partition key equipment is guaranteed not to be out-of-limit;
after different control modes are selected, the main control area automatically calculates control deviation according to the different modes, and then generates the control deviation into the adjustment target of a single control object under each category according to different adjustment resource types and adjustment strategies. The issuing mode of the control target supports a remote control mode and a remote regulation mode.
For a control object with continuous adjustment capability at any point in a given interval, a control instruction adopts a remote adjustment mode, and a target absolute value is issued through remote adjustment, so that the control object is quickly adjusted to a specified power point;
for a control object with continuous adjustment capability only on the basis of the current power, a control instruction can adopt a remote adjustment mode, and only transmits a control target increment (decrement) through remote adjustment to realize power adjustment on the current basis;
and issuing a remote control command to a control object only having the capability of interrupting 0-1 control or starting and stopping control, and realizing automatic power control by remotely controlling the starting and stopping of the controllable object.
Third, evaluation of control effect
In the embodiment, for the control characteristics of different control types (charging pile, distributed energy storage, electric heating and the like) of source grid load storage, the adjustment performance and the adjustment efficiency index of different types of adjustment objects of source grid load storage are respectively counted from different indexes such as response time, adjustment accuracy, tracking completion degree and control similarity.
After a provincial power grid master station brings different resources such as a power generation side, a load side and energy storage into APC control according to power grid operation and standby margin, the provincial power grid master station APC sends control instructions to different types of adjusting objects based on a control mode and a power grid operation state according to source grid load and storage cooperative control requirements, different types of resource units respectively execute the control instructions to complete whole power grid power closed-loop control, and after the control is completed, the source grid load and storage cooperative control effect is evaluated, wherein the evaluation method comprises the following steps:
3.1) firstly, counting the power grid frequency control effect according to the A standard or the CPS standard;
3.2) counting the adjustment depth, adjustment performance and economic compensation amount of the conventional unit;
3.3) counting the adjustment depth, economic supplement and life expectancy loss of the energy storage unit;
3.4) counting the adjustment depth, the load loss amount and the economic compensation amount of the resource unit at the load side;
and 3.5) respectively evaluating the overall control effect of the power grid from 3 angles of adjusting the total depth, adjusting the total compensation cost and checking the electric quantity of the power grid.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic power control method adaptive to source network load storage multi-type resource cooperation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring scheduling plan data and electric power market clearing result data of a conventional water-gas power generating unit;
based on the acquired data, respectively determining corresponding closed-loop control rules according to preset control targets for different types of resource objects;
acquiring real-time running state data of various types of resources of a power grid, determining an adjusting requirement under an actual running scene of the power grid according to the real-time running state data, and determining a global real-time control strategy corresponding to the adjusting requirement;
based on the closed-loop control rule and a pre-constructed APC control model, performing multi-type resource coordination control in a control area according to a determined global real-time control strategy, calculating a control deviation in the control process, and calculating an adjustment target of a single control object under each resource type according to the control deviation;
and transmitting the adjusting target to each control object so as to control the control object to adjust to the specified power point.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said obtaining scheduling plan data, electricity market clearing result data comprises:
acquiring real-time data of a scheduling plan from a real-time library through a real-time library interface in a set period;
and obtaining a market clearing result by adopting a set format file, wherein the format file data comprises the capacity of a bid-winning unit, the bid-winning state and the self-checking information of the bid-winning result, checking the integrity and the correctness of the market clearing result data through the format file, and writing the result data passing the checking into a preset data table.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-type resources comprise: the system comprises a conventional water-fire power unit, a direct control large industrial load, a load unit, a power grid side energy storage unit and a lower-level power grid equivalent unit which are aggregated and virtualized by a load aggregator.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the determining the corresponding closed-loop control rule according to the preset control target for different types of resource objects respectively comprises:
for the water-fire-electricity generator set and the direct control large industrial load, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: taking the clear results of the dispatching plan data or the power market of the frequency modulation non-winning machine set as the base point power of the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load, and carrying out power control on the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load according to the base point power so that the control target of the water-fire electric machine set or the direct control large industrial load is equal to the base point power;
for the load unit, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: taking the scheduling plan data or the electric power market clearing result of the non-winning machine set as the adjustment lower limit of the load machine set, and implementing power control on the load machine set according to the adjustment lower limit, the adjustment requirement and the global real-time control strategy;
for the energy storage unit, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: the dispatching plan data or the electric power market clearing result of the non-winning machine set is used as the base point power of the energy storage machine set, the base point power is used as the central line of the adjusting range of the energy storage machine set, and the adjusting requirement is superposed on the base point power to carry out power control on the machine set according to the global real-time control strategy;
for the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid, the closed-loop control rule is as follows: and taking the scheduling plan data as a total upper regulation limit during AGC control of the lower-level power grid, and according to a global real-time control strategy, superposing a regulation requirement on actual power to implement power control on the equivalent unit of the lower-level power grid, wherein a control target does not exceed the total upper regulation limit.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the regulation requirements in the actual operation scene of the power grid comprise full grid peak regulation frequency modulation, multi-resource cooperative frequency modulation, accident emergency frequency modulation and accurate control in a subarea;
the global real-time control strategy corresponding to the adjustment requirement comprises the following steps:
the whole network peak-shaving frequency modulation strategy is as follows: the frequency modulation is mainly performed on the conventional water-fire motor set, the peak modulation is mainly performed on the load and energy storage adjusting machine set, or the frequency modulation is performed on only part of the conventional water-fire motor set;
multi-resource cooperative frequency modulation strategy: enabling all adjustable units in each link of source network load storage in a control area to participate in power grid frequency modulation, and generating frequency modulation strategies and instructions corresponding to each control object so as to coordinate that each type of resource object integrally and averagely participates in the power grid frequency modulation process;
emergency frequency modulation strategy of accident: in response to the fact that the power grid frequency deviation is larger than a preset threshold value, all adjustable resource objects in a control area are adjusted and collected according to the response rate of various adjustment resources to participate in frequency emergency control;
and (3) partitioning accurate control strategy: according to loads, power supplies and energy storage in the control area, power supply paths from the distribution area to power grids of different voltage levels, and the partition where each resource object is located and the sensitivity of the resource object to the heavy-load equipment are determined according to the topological information of the main distribution network; and when the key equipment is overloaded or out-of-limit exists in the partition, executing accurate partition control according to the partition information of the resource object, wherein the control target of the adjustable resource object under the corresponding partition is that the running state of the key equipment of the partition is normal.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the pre-constructed APC control model comprises:
and adjusting a parameter model part, wherein static model parameters of different resource objects stored in the source network to participate in power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation comprise: resource object type, regulation rate, maximum regulation amount, minimum regulation amount, duration and regulation precision;
adjusting the constraint model portion, wherein adjusting the constraint comprises: adjusting an upper limit and a lower limit, a vibration area of the hydroelectric generating set, an energy storage SOC limit value, time for large load and charge and discharge, maximum adjustable times of the load in real time, and forbidding power to adjust signals up and down;
the adjusting partition model part comprises fixed information of adjusting resources belonging to a geographical partition and a manually set partition, and is also used for automatically updating dynamic information of controlling resource objects belonging to a power grid partition and a section partition according to a power grid model from a low voltage level to a high voltage level in the master station system;
the adjusting data model part comprises remote signaling and remote sensing data which are input to a provincial power grid master station system in real time by a conventional unit/direct control large load through a scheduling data network, a load aggregator through the Internet and an energy storage EMS system through the scheduling data network;
the control targets of the APC control model are to maintain the frequency of a power grid in a control area within a control range, or to maintain the exchange power of the control area and other adjacent control areas to be a given planned value, or to simultaneously meet the two control targets.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the remote signaling data comprises resource object (APC) control signals, scheduling master station control signals, and power off up and down signals;
the telemetering data comprises the current active output, the adjustable lower limit of the unit power, the adjustment real-time constraint information and the like of a conventional water-gas power unit, a load unit, a lower-level power grid equivalent unit and an energy storage unit.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein issuing the adjustment target to each control object comprises:
for a control object with continuous adjustment capability at any point in a given interval, a control instruction adopts a remote adjustment mode, and a target absolute value is issued through remote adjustment, so that the control object is quickly adjusted to a specified power point;
for a control object with continuous adjustment capability only on the basis of the current power, a control instruction can adopt a remote adjustment mode, and only transmits control target increment/decrement through remote adjustment to realize power adjustment on the current basis;
and issuing a remote control command to a control object only having the capability of interrupting 0-1 control or starting and stopping control, and realizing automatic power control by remotely controlling the starting and stopping of the controllable object.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein controlling the control object to adjust to the specified power point comprises:
for the load units aggregated by the load aggregation businessman, indirect control is carried out through a load aggregation businessman platform, and the load output power is changed by utilizing the on-off interruptible characteristic or the continuous adjustment dynamic characteristic of the load so as to respond to various adjustment requirements of the power grid and realize that the load resources with small capacity and large quantity participate in the adjustment control of the power grid;
for an energy storage unit consisting of energy storage at the side of a power grid, an energy storage energy management system receives an APC (automatic Power control) control instruction of a scheduling master station, and the energy storage active output is adjusted to participate in power grid regulation and control by controlling the on-off time of a PCS (Power control System) power switch device of an energy storage battery;
for the lower-level power grid equivalent unit, under the normal working condition, the lower-level power grid equivalent unit is not controlled by an APC (automatic Power control) system of the upper-level power grid, only when the adjustment resources of the upper-level power grid are insufficient, the lower-level dispatching AGC system receives an APC control instruction of the upper-level power grid dispatching, and the resources in the dispatching range of the upper-level dispatching and adjusting lower-level regulation and control mechanism participate in the overall control of the power grid in the control area.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and evaluating the control effect after the control is finished, wherein the evaluation comprises the following steps:
counting the power grid frequency control effect according to the A standard or the CPS standard;
counting the adjustment depth, the adjustment performance and the economic compensation amount of the conventional unit;
counting the adjustment depth, economic supplement and life expectancy loss of the energy storage unit;
counting the adjustment depth, the load loss amount and the economic compensation amount of the load side resource unit;
and evaluating the overall control effect of the power grid respectively from the 3 aspects of adjusting the total depth, adjusting the total compensation cost and checking the electric quantity of the power grid.
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| CN115839536A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-24 | 清华大学 | Split air conditioner and water chilling unit remote end response and control method based on electric power regulation |
| CN116031902A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-04-28 | 山东鲁能控制工程有限公司 | Frequency modulation control method and system for thermal power generating unit |
| CN116031902B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-01-30 | 山东鲁能控制工程有限公司 | Frequency modulation control method and system for thermal power generating unit |
| CN116131290B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-06-27 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Frequency control method considering cooperation of distributed new energy and flexible load |
| CN116131290A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-05-16 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Frequency control method considering cooperation of distributed new energy and flexible load |
| CN117574780A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 华北电力大学 | Intelligent thermal power plant load online modeling method and system |
| CN117574780B (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-03-29 | 华北电力大学 | Intelligent thermal power plant load online modeling method and system |
| CN117811053A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 北京中电普华信息技术有限公司 | Source network charge storage coordination interaction regulation and control method, device and system |
| CN117811053B (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-05-07 | 北京中电普华信息技术有限公司 | Source network charge storage coordination interaction regulation and control method, device and system |
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